avoid failing hard if 'gnunetcheck' db does not exist
[oweals/gnunet.git] / src / util / scheduler.c
index c4017f23bf9ea462cbe0ea2666cc04bbaae9060a..3bd7ccec7e4c61cbb1128396e99e067c72c9cc9a 100644 (file)
@@ -2,20 +2,20 @@
       This file is part of GNUnet
       Copyright (C) 2009-2017 GNUnet e.V.
 
-      GNUnet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-      it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
-      by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your
-      option) any later version.
+      GNUnet is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+      under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published
+      by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License,
+      or (at your option) any later version.
 
       GNUnet is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
       WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
       MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
-      General Public License for more details.
+      Affero General Public License for more details.
+     
+      You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+      along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-      You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-      along with GNUnet; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
-      Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
-      Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
+     SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL3.0-or-later
  */
 /**
  * @file util/scheduler.c
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 #include "platform.h"
 #include "gnunet_util_lib.h"
 #include "disk.h"
+// DEBUG
+#include <inttypes.h>
 
 #define LOG(kind,...) GNUNET_log_from (kind, "util-scheduler", __VA_ARGS__)
 
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@
 
 /**
  * Argument to be passed from the driver to
- * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_from_driver().  Contains the
+ * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work().  Contains the
  * scheduler's internal state.
  */
 struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle
@@ -89,6 +91,40 @@ struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle
    * @deprecated
    */
   struct GNUNET_NETWORK_FDSet *ws;
+
+  /**
+   * context of the SIGINT handler
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_int;
+
+  /**
+   * context of the SIGTERM handler
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_term;
+
+#if (SIGTERM != GNUNET_TERM_SIG)
+  /**
+   * context of the TERM_SIG handler
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_gterm;
+#endif
+
+#ifndef MINGW
+  /**
+   * context of the SIGQUIT handler
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_quit;
+
+  /**
+   * context of the SIGHUP handler
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_hup;
+
+  /**
+   * context of hte SIGPIPE handler
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_pipe;
+#endif
 };
 
 
@@ -118,31 +154,28 @@ struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task
   void *callback_cls;
 
   /**
-   * Set of file descriptors this task is waiting
-   * for for reading.  Once ready, this is updated
-   * to reflect the set of file descriptors ready
-   * for operation.
+   * Information about which FDs are ready for this task (and why).
    */
-  struct GNUNET_NETWORK_FDSet *read_set;
+  struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fds;
 
   /**
-   * Set of file descriptors this task is waiting for for writing.
-   * Once ready, this is updated to reflect the set of file
-   * descriptors ready for operation.
+   * Storage location used for @e fds if we want to avoid
+   * a separate malloc() call in the common case that this
+   * task is only about a single FD.
    */
-  struct GNUNET_NETWORK_FDSet *write_set;
+  struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo fdx;
 
   /**
-   * Information about which FDs are ready for this task (and why).
+   * Size of the @e fds array.
    */
-  const struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fds;
+  unsigned int fds_len;
 
   /**
-   * Storage location used for @e fds if we want to avoid
-   * a separate malloc() call in the common case that this
-   * task is only about a single FD.
+   * Do we own the network and file handles referenced by the FdInfo
+   * structs in the fds array. This will only be GNUNET_YES if the
+   * task was created by the #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_select function.
    */
-  struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo fdx;
+  int own_handles;
 
   /**
    * Absolute timeout value for the task, or
@@ -157,11 +190,6 @@ struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task
   struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute start_time;
 #endif
 
-  /**
-   * Size of the @e fds array.
-   */
-  unsigned int fds_len;
-
   /**
    * Why is the task ready?  Set after task is added to ready queue.
    * Initially set to zero.  All reasons that have already been
@@ -216,15 +244,31 @@ struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task
 };
 
 
+/**
+ * A struct representing an event the select driver is waiting for
+ */
 struct Scheduled
 {
   struct Scheduled *prev;
 
   struct Scheduled *next;
 
+  /**
+   * the task, the event is related to
+   */
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *task;
 
+  /**
+   * information about the network socket / file descriptor where
+   * the event is expected to occur
+   */
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fdi;
+
+  /**
+   * the event types (multiple event types can be ORed) the select
+   * driver is expected to wait for
+   */
+  enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_EventType et;
 };
 
 
@@ -233,21 +277,29 @@ struct Scheduled
  */
 struct DriverContext
 {
-  struct Scheduled *scheduled_in_head;
-
-  struct Scheduled *scheduled_in_tail;
-
-  struct Scheduled *scheduled_out_head;
+  /**
+   * the head of a DLL containing information about the events the
+   * select driver is waiting for
+   */
+  struct Scheduled *scheduled_head;
 
-  struct Scheduled *scheduled_out_tail;
+  /**
+   * the tail of a DLL containing information about the events the
+   * select driver is waiting for
+   */
+  struct Scheduled *scheduled_tail;
 
-  struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative timeout;
+  /**
+   * the time when the select driver will wake up again (after
+   * calling select)
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute timeout;
 };
 
 
 /**
  * The driver used for the event loop. Will be handed over to
- * the scheduler in #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_from_driver(), peristed
+ * the scheduler in #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work(), persisted
  * there in this variable for later use in functions like
  * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_select(), #add_without_sets() and
  * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel().
@@ -314,14 +366,22 @@ static struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *ready_head[GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_COUNT]
 static struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *ready_tail[GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_COUNT];
 
 /**
- * Number of tasks on the ready list.
+ * Task for installing parent control handlers (it might happen that the
+ * scheduler is shutdown before this task is executed, so
+ * GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown must cancel it in that case)
  */
-static unsigned int ready_count;
+static struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *install_parent_control_task;
 
 /**
- * How many tasks have we run so far?
+ * Task for reading from a pipe that signal handlers will use to initiate
+ * shutdown
  */
-static unsigned long long tasks_run;
+static struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *shutdown_pipe_task;
+
+/**
+ * Number of tasks on the ready list.
+ */
+static unsigned int ready_count;
 
 /**
  * Priority of the task running right now.  Only
@@ -356,11 +416,6 @@ static struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskContext tc;
  */
 static void *scheduler_select_cls;
 
-/**
- * Scheduler handle used for the driver functions
- */
-static struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle sh;
-
 
 /**
  * Sets the select function to use in the scheduler (scheduler_select).
@@ -413,7 +468,7 @@ get_timeout ()
   {
     if (0 != pos->reason)
     {
-      timeout = now;
+      return now;
     }
     else
     {
@@ -424,7 +479,7 @@ get_timeout ()
   {
     if (0 != pos->reason)
     {
-      timeout = now;
+      return now;
     }
     else if ((pos->timeout.abs_value_us != GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_ABS.abs_value_us) &&
              (timeout.abs_value_us > pos->timeout.abs_value_us))
@@ -465,6 +520,18 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown ()
 {
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *pos;
 
+  LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+       "GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown\n");
+  if (NULL != install_parent_control_task)
+  {
+    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel (install_parent_control_task);
+    install_parent_control_task = NULL;
+  }
+  if (NULL != shutdown_pipe_task)
+  {
+    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel (shutdown_pipe_task);
+    shutdown_pipe_task = NULL;
+  }
   while (NULL != (pos = shutdown_head))
   {
     GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (shutdown_head,
@@ -477,43 +544,66 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown ()
 
 
 /**
- * Destroy a task (release associated resources)
+ * Output stack trace of task @a t.
  *
- * @param t task to destroy
+ * @param t task to dump stack trace of
  */
 static void
-destroy_task (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t)
+dump_backtrace (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t)
 {
-  // FIXME: destroy fds!
-  if (NULL != t->read_set)
-    GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (t->read_set);
-  if (NULL != t->write_set)
-    GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (t->write_set);
 #if EXECINFO
-  GNUNET_free (t->backtrace_strings);
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < t->num_backtrace_strings; i++)
+    LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+        "Task %p trace %u: %s\n",
+        t,
+        i,
+        t->backtrace_strings[i]);
+#else
+  (void) t;
 #endif
-  GNUNET_free (t);
 }
 
 
 /**
- * Output stack trace of task @a t.
+ * Destroy a task (release associated resources)
  *
- * @param t task to dump stack trace of
+ * @param t task to destroy
  */
 static void
-dump_backtrace (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t)
+destroy_task (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t)
 {
-#if EXECINFO
   unsigned int i;
 
-  for (i = 0; i < t->num_backtrace_strings; i++)
-    LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
-   "Task %p trace %u: %s\n",
-   t,
-   i,
-   t->backtrace_strings[i]);
+  LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+       "destroying task %p\n",
+       t);
+
+  if (GNUNET_YES == t->own_handles)
+  {
+    for (i = 0; i != t->fds_len; ++i)
+    {
+      const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle *fd = t->fds[i].fd;
+      const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *fh = t->fds[i].fh;
+      if (fd)
+      {
+        GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_free_memory_only_ ((struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle *) fd);
+      }
+      if (fh)
+      {
+        // FIXME: on WIN32 this is not enough! A function
+        // GNUNET_DISK_file_free_memory_only would be nice
+        GNUNET_free ((void *) fh);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (t->fds_len > 1)
+  {
+    GNUNET_array_grow (t->fds, t->fds_len, 0);
+  }
+#if EXECINFO
+  GNUNET_free (t->backtrace_strings);
 #endif
+  GNUNET_free (t);
 }
 
 
@@ -540,22 +630,22 @@ sighandler_pipe ()
 #endif
 
 
-/**
- * Wait for a short time.
- * Sleeps for @a ms ms (as that should be long enough for virtually all
- * modern systems to context switch and allow another process to do
- * some 'real' work).
- *
- * @param ms how many ms to wait
- */
-static void
-short_wait (unsigned int ms)
-{
-  struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative timeout;
-
-  timeout = GNUNET_TIME_relative_multiply (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_MILLISECONDS, ms);
-  (void) GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_select (NULL, NULL, NULL, timeout);
-}
+///**
+// * Wait for a short time.
+// * Sleeps for @a ms ms (as that should be long enough for virtually all
+// * modern systems to context switch and allow another process to do
+// * some 'real' work).
+// *
+// * @param ms how many ms to wait
+// */
+//static void
+//short_wait (unsigned int ms)
+//{
+//  struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative timeout;
+//
+//  timeout = GNUNET_TIME_relative_multiply (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_MILLISECONDS, ms);
+//  (void) GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_select (NULL, NULL, NULL, timeout);
+//}
 
 
 /**
@@ -568,8 +658,8 @@ sighandler_shutdown ()
   int old_errno = errno;        /* backup errno */
 
   if (getpid () != my_pid)
-    exit (1);                   /* we have fork'ed since the signal handler was created,
-                                 * ignore the signal, see https://gnunet.org/vfork discussion */
+    _exit (1);                   /* we have fork'ed since the signal handler was created,
+                                  * ignore the signal, see https://gnunet.org/vfork discussion */
   GNUNET_DISK_file_write (GNUNET_DISK_pipe_handle
                           (shutdown_pipe_handle, GNUNET_DISK_PIPE_END_WRITE),
                           &c, sizeof (c));
@@ -577,47 +667,32 @@ sighandler_shutdown ()
 }
 
 
-/**
- * Check if the system has initiated shutdown. This means no tasks
- * that prevent shutdown were present and all tasks added with 
- * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_shutdown were run already.
- *
- * Can be used by external event loop implementations to decide
- * whether to keep running or not.
- *
- * @return #GNUNET_YES if tasks which prevent shutdown exist
- *         #GNUNET_NO if the system has initiated shutdown
- */
-// FIXME: make it an internal function again
-int
-GNUNET_SCHEDULER_check_lifeness ()
+static void
+shutdown_if_no_lifeness ()
 {
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t;
 
   if (ready_count > 0)
-    return GNUNET_YES;
+    return;
   for (t = pending_head; NULL != t; t = t->next)
-    if (t->lifeness == GNUNET_YES)
-      return GNUNET_YES;
+    if (GNUNET_YES == t->lifeness)
+      return;
   for (t = shutdown_head; NULL != t; t = t->next)
-    if (t->lifeness == GNUNET_YES)
-      return GNUNET_YES;
+    if (GNUNET_YES == t->lifeness)
+      return;
   for (t = pending_timeout_head; NULL != t; t = t->next)
-    if (t->lifeness == GNUNET_YES)
-      return GNUNET_YES;
-  if (NULL != shutdown_head)
-  {
-    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown ();
-    LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
-         "shutting down\n");
-    scheduler_driver->set_wakeup (scheduler_driver->cls,
-                                  GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ());
-    return GNUNET_YES;
-  }
-  return GNUNET_NO;
+    if (GNUNET_YES == t->lifeness)
+      return;
+  /* No lifeness! */
+  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown ();
 }
 
 
+static int
+select_loop (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh,
+             struct DriverContext *context);
+
+
 /**
  * Initialize and run scheduler.  This function will return when all
  * tasks have completed.  On systems with signals, receiving a SIGTERM
@@ -636,18 +711,22 @@ void
 GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskCallback task,
                       void *task_cls)
 {
+  struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh;
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Driver *driver;
-  struct DriverContext context = {.scheduled_in_head = NULL,
-                                  .scheduled_in_tail = NULL,
-                                  .scheduled_out_head = NULL,
-                                  .scheduled_out_tail = NULL,
-                                  .timeout = GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL};
-  
+  struct DriverContext context = {.scheduled_head = NULL,
+                                  .scheduled_tail = NULL,
+                                  .timeout = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ()};
+
   driver = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_select ();
   driver->cls = &context;
-
-  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver (driver, task, task_cls);
-  
+  sh = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init (driver);
+  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_with_reason_and_priority (task,
+                                                 task_cls,
+                                                 GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_STARTUP,
+                                                 GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_DEFAULT);
+  select_loop (sh,
+               &context);
+  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done (sh);
   GNUNET_free (driver);
 }
 
@@ -695,15 +774,18 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_get_load (enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Priority p)
 
 void
 init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
-              const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle **read_nh,
-              size_t read_nh_len,
-              const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle **write_nh,
-              size_t write_nh_len,
-              const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle **read_fh,
-              size_t read_fh_len,
-              const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle **write_fh,
-              size_t write_fh_len)
+              const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle *const *read_nh,
+              unsigned int read_nh_len,
+              const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle *const *write_nh,
+              unsigned int write_nh_len,
+              const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *const *read_fh,
+              unsigned int read_fh_len,
+              const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *const *write_fh,
+              unsigned int write_fh_len)
 {
+  // FIXME: if we have exactly two network handles / exactly two file handles
+  // and they are equal, we can make one FdInfo with both
+  // GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN and GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT set.
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fdi;
 
   t->fds_len = read_nh_len + write_nh_len + read_fh_len + write_fh_len;
@@ -713,6 +795,8 @@ init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
     t->fds = fdi;
     if (1 == read_nh_len)
     {
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != read_nh);
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != *read_nh);
       fdi->fd = *read_nh;
       fdi->et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN;
       fdi->sock = GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (*read_nh);
@@ -721,6 +805,8 @@ init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
     }
     else if (1 == write_nh_len)
     {
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != write_nh);
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != *write_nh);
       fdi->fd = *write_nh;
       fdi->et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT;
       fdi->sock = GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (*write_nh);
@@ -729,6 +815,8 @@ init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
     }
     else if (1 == read_fh_len)
     {
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != read_fh);
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != *read_fh);
       fdi->fh = *read_fh;
       fdi->et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN;
       fdi->sock = (*read_fh)->fd; // FIXME: does not work under WIN32
@@ -737,6 +825,8 @@ init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
     }
     else
     {
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != write_fh);
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != *write_fh);
       fdi->fh = *write_fh;
       fdi->et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT;
       fdi->sock = (*write_fh)->fd; // FIXME: does not work under WIN32
@@ -750,10 +840,11 @@ init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
     t->fds = fdi;
     t->read_fd = -1;
     t->write_fd = -1;
-    size_t i;
+    unsigned int i;
     for (i = 0; i != read_nh_len; ++i)
     {
       fdi->fd = read_nh[i];
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != fdi->fd);
       fdi->et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN;
       fdi->sock = GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (read_nh[i]);
       ++fdi;
@@ -761,6 +852,7 @@ init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
     for (i = 0; i != write_nh_len; ++i)
     {
       fdi->fd = write_nh[i];
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != fdi->fd);
       fdi->et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT;
       fdi->sock = GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (write_nh[i]);
       ++fdi;
@@ -768,6 +860,7 @@ init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
     for (i = 0; i != read_fh_len; ++i)
     {
       fdi->fh = read_fh[i];
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != fdi->fh);
       fdi->et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN;
       fdi->sock = (read_fh[i])->fd; // FIXME: does not work under WIN32
       ++fdi;
@@ -775,6 +868,7 @@ init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
     for (i = 0; i != write_fh_len; ++i)
     {
       fdi->fh = write_fh[i];
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != fdi->fh);
       fdi->et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT;
       fdi->sock = (write_fh[i])->fd; // FIXME: does not work under WIN32
       ++fdi;
@@ -782,115 +876,57 @@ init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
   }
 }
 
-//void
-//init_fd_info (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t,
-//              const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle *read_nh,
-//              const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle *write_nh,
-//              const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *read_fh,
-//              const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *write_fh)
-//{
-//  // either only network handles or only file handles are allowed
-//  GNUNET_assert (!((NULL != read_nh || NULL != write_nh) && (NULL != read_fh || NULL != write_fh)));
-//
-//  if (NULL != read_nh && NULL != write_nh)
-//  {
-//    int read_fd = GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (read_nh);
-//    int write_fd = GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (write_nh);
-//    t->read_fd = read_fd;
-//    t->write_fd = write_fd;
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fds = GNUNET_new_array (2, struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo);
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo read_fdi = {.fd = read_nh, .et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN, .sock = read_fd};
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo write_fdi = {.fd = write_nh, .et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT, .sock = write_fd};
-//    fds[0] = read_fdi;
-//    fds[1] = write_fdi;
-//    t->fds = fds;
-//    t->fds_len = 2;
-//  }
-//  else if (NULL != read_fh && NULL != write_fh)
-//  {
-//    int read_fd = read_fh->fd;
-//    int write_fd = write_fh->fd;
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fds = GNUNET_new_array (2, struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo);
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo read_fdi = {.fh = read_fh, .et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN, .sock = read_fd};
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo write_fdi = {.fh = write_fh, .et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT, .sock = write_fd};
-//    t->read_fd = read_fd;
-//    t->write_fd = write_fd;
-//    fds[0] = read_fdi;
-//    fds[1] = write_fdi;
-//    t->fds = fds;
-//    t->fds_len = 2;
-//  }
-//  else if (NULL != read_nh)
-//  {
-//    int read_fd = GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (read_nh);
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo read_fdi = {.fd = read_nh, .et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN, .sock = read_fd};
-//    t->read_fd = read_fd;
-//    t->write_fd = -1;
-//    t->fdx = read_fdi;
-//    t->fds = &t->fdx;
-//    t->fds_len = 1;
-//  }
-//  else if (NULL != write_nh)
-//  {
-//    int write_fd = GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (write_nh);
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo write_fdi = {.fd = write_nh, .et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT, .sock = write_fd};
-//    t->read_fd = -1;
-//    t->write_fd = write_fd;
-//    t->fdx = write_fdi;
-//    t->fds = &t->fdx;
-//    t->fds_len = 1;
-//  }
-//  else if (NULL != read_fh)
-//  {
-//    int read_fd = read_fh->fd;
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo read_fdi = {.fh = read_fh, .et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN, .sock = read_fd};
-//    t->read_fd = read_fd;
-//    t->write_fd = -1;
-//    t->fdx = read_fdi;
-//    t->fds = &t->fdx;
-//    t->fds_len = 1;
-//  }
-//  else if (NULL != write_fh)
-//  {
-//    int write_fd = write_fh->fd;
-//    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo write_fdi = {.fh = write_fh, .et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT, .sock = write_fd};
-//    t->read_fd = -1;
-//    t->write_fd = write_fd;
-//    t->fdx = write_fdi;
-//    t->fds = &t->fdx;
-//    t->fds_len = 1;
-//  }
-//}
 
-
-void scheduler_multi_function_call(struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t, int (*driver_func)())
+/**
+ * calls the given function @a func on each FdInfo related to @a t.
+ * Optionally updates the event type field in each FdInfo after calling
+ * @a func.
+ *
+ * @param t the task
+ * @param driver_func the function to call with each FdInfo contained in
+ *                    in @a t
+ * @param if_not_ready only call @a driver_func on FdInfos that are not
+ *                     ready
+ * @param et the event type to be set in each FdInfo after calling
+ *           @a driver_func on it, or -1 if no updating not desired.
+ */
+static void
+driver_add_multiple (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t)
 {
+  struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fdi;
   int success = GNUNET_YES;
-  if (t->fds_len > 1)
-  {
-    for (int i = 0; i < t->fds_len;i++)
-    {
-      success = driver_func (scheduler_driver->cls, t , t->fds+i) && success;
-    }
-  }
-  else
+
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i != t->fds_len; ++i)
   {
-    success = driver_func (scheduler_driver->cls, t , t->fds);
+    fdi = &t->fds[i];
+    success = scheduler_driver->add (scheduler_driver->cls,
+                                    t,
+                                    fdi) && success;
+    fdi->et = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_NONE;
   }
   if (GNUNET_YES != success)
   {
     LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
-         "driver call not successful");
+         "driver could not add task\n");
   }
 }
 
 
-void
-shutdown_task (void *cls)
+static void
+install_parent_control_handler (void *cls)
+{
+  install_parent_control_task = NULL;
+  GNUNET_OS_install_parent_control_handler (NULL);
+}
+
+
+static void
+shutdown_pipe_cb (void *cls)
 {
   char c;
   const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *pr;
 
+  shutdown_pipe_task = NULL;
   pr = GNUNET_DISK_pipe_handle (shutdown_pipe_handle,
                                 GNUNET_DISK_PIPE_END_READ);
   GNUNET_assert (! GNUNET_DISK_handle_invalid (pr));
@@ -898,14 +934,22 @@ shutdown_task (void *cls)
   GNUNET_DISK_file_read (pr, &c, sizeof (c));
   /* mark all active tasks as ready due to shutdown */
   GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown ();
+  shutdown_pipe_task =
+    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_read_file (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL,
+                                    pr,
+                                    &shutdown_pipe_cb,
+                                    NULL);
 }
 
 
 /**
  * Cancel the task with the specified identifier.
  * The task must not yet have run. Only allowed to be called as long as the
- * scheduler is running (#GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run or
- * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver has been called and has not returned yet).
+ * scheduler is running, that is one of the following conditions is met:
+ *
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run has been called and has not returned yet
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been run and
+ *   #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done has not been called yet
  *
  * @param task id of the task to cancel
  * @return original closure of the task
@@ -914,41 +958,47 @@ void *
 GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *task)
 {
   enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Priority p;
+  int is_fd_task;
   void *ret;
 
+  LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+       "canceling task %p\n",
+       task);
+
   /* scheduler must be running */
   GNUNET_assert (NULL != scheduler_driver);
-  GNUNET_assert ( (NULL != active_task) ||
-      (GNUNET_NO == task->lifeness) );
-  if (! task->in_ready_list)
+  is_fd_task = (NULL != task->fds);
+  if (is_fd_task)
   {
-    if ( (-1 == task->read_fd) &&
-         (-1 == task->write_fd) &&
-         (NULL == task->read_set) &&
-         (NULL == task->write_set) )
+    int del_result = scheduler_driver->del (scheduler_driver->cls, task);
+    if (GNUNET_OK != del_result)
     {
-      if (GNUNET_YES == task->on_shutdown)
-        GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (shutdown_head,
-                                     shutdown_tail,
-                                     task);
-      else
-      {
-        GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (pending_timeout_head,
-                                     pending_timeout_tail,
-                                     task);
-        if (pending_timeout_last == task)
-          pending_timeout_last = NULL;
-      }
-      //TODO check if this is redundant
-      if (task == pending_timeout_last)
-        pending_timeout_last = NULL;
+      LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+           "driver could not delete task\n");
+      GNUNET_assert (0);
     }
-    else
+  }
+  if (! task->in_ready_list)
+  {
+    if (is_fd_task)
     {
       GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (pending_head,
                                    pending_tail,
                                    task);
-      scheduler_multi_function_call(task, scheduler_driver->del);
+    }
+    else if (GNUNET_YES == task->on_shutdown)
+    {
+      GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (shutdown_head,
+                                   shutdown_tail,
+                                   task);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (pending_timeout_head,
+                                   pending_timeout_tail,
+                                   task);
+      if (pending_timeout_last == task)
+        pending_timeout_last = NULL;
     }
   }
   else
@@ -959,9 +1009,6 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *task)
                                  task);
     ready_count--;
   }
-  LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-       "Canceling task %p\n",
-       task);
   ret = task->callback_cls;
   destroy_task (task);
   return ret;
@@ -985,6 +1032,8 @@ init_backtrace (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t)
       backtrace_symbols (backtrace_array,
        t->num_backtrace_strings);
   dump_backtrace (t);
+#else
+  (void) t;
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -1007,9 +1056,9 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_with_reason_and_priority (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskCallback tas
 {
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t;
 
+  /* scheduler must be running */
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != scheduler_driver);
   GNUNET_assert (NULL != task);
-  GNUNET_assert ((NULL != active_task) ||
-                 (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_STARTUP == reason));
   t = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task);
   t->read_fd = -1;
   t->write_fd = -1;
@@ -1019,7 +1068,7 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_with_reason_and_priority (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskCallback tas
   t->start_time = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
 #endif
   t->reason = reason;
-  t->priority = priority;
+  t->priority = check_priority (priority);
   t->lifeness = current_lifeness;
   LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
        "Adding continuation task %p\n",
@@ -1050,7 +1099,8 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_at_with_priority (struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute at,
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *pos;
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *prev;
 
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != active_task);
+  /* scheduler must be running */
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != scheduler_driver);
   GNUNET_assert (NULL != task);
   t = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task);
   t->callback = task;
@@ -1061,7 +1111,7 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_at_with_priority (struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute at,
   t->start_time = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
 #endif
   t->timeout = at;
-  t->priority = priority;
+  t->priority = check_priority (priority);
   t->lifeness = current_lifeness;
   /* try tail first (optimization in case we are
    * appending to a long list of tasks with timeouts) */
@@ -1084,9 +1134,7 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_at_with_priority (struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute at,
       pos = pending_timeout_head;
     else
       pos = prev->next;
-    while ( (NULL != pos) &&
-            ( (pos->timeout.abs_value_us <= t->timeout.abs_value_us) ||
-              (0 != pos->reason) ) )
+    while ((NULL != pos) && (pos->timeout.abs_value_us <= t->timeout.abs_value_us))
     {
       prev = pos;
       pos = pos->next;
@@ -1120,8 +1168,8 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_at_with_priority (struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute at,
  */
 struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *
 GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_delayed_with_priority (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
-              enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Priority priority,
-              GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskCallback task,
+                                            enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Priority priority,
+                                            GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskCallback task,
                                             void *task_cls)
 {
   return GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_at_with_priority (GNUNET_TIME_relative_to_absolute (delay),
@@ -1239,7 +1287,8 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_shutdown (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskCallback task,
 {
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t;
 
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != active_task);
+  /* scheduler must be running */
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != scheduler_driver);
   GNUNET_assert (NULL != task);
   t = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task);
   t->callback = task;
@@ -1355,11 +1404,11 @@ add_without_sets (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
                   void *task_cls)
 {
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t;
-  
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != active_task);
+
+  /* scheduler must be running */
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != scheduler_driver);
   GNUNET_assert (NULL != task);
   t = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task);
-
   init_fd_info (t,
                 &read_nh,
                 read_nh ? 1 : 0,
@@ -1369,11 +1418,6 @@ add_without_sets (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
                 read_fh ? 1 : 0,
                 &write_fh,
                 write_fh ? 1 : 0);
-
-  //int read_fds[2] = {GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (read_nh), read_fh->fd};
-  //int write_fds[2] = {GNUNET_NETWORK_get_fd (write_nh), write_fh->fd};
-  //init_fd_info (t, read_fds, 2, write_fds, 2);
-  //init_fd_info (t, read_nh, write_nh, read_fh, write_fh);
   t->callback = task;
   t->callback_cls = task_cls;
 #if DEBUG_FDS
@@ -1391,12 +1435,9 @@ add_without_sets (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
   GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (pending_head,
                                pending_tail,
                                t);
-  scheduler_multi_function_call (t, scheduler_driver->add);
+  driver_add_multiple (t);
   max_priority_added = GNUNET_MAX (max_priority_added,
                                    t->priority);
-  LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-       "Adding task %p\n",
-       t);
   init_backtrace (t);
   return t;
 }
@@ -1409,9 +1450,12 @@ add_without_sets (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
  * used as a timeout on the socket being ready.  The task will be
  * scheduled for execution once either the delay has expired or the
  * socket operation is ready.  It will be run with the DEFAULT priority.
- * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running
- * (#GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run or #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver has been
- * called and has not returned yet).
+ * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running, that
+ * is one of the following conditions is met:
+ *
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run has been called and has not returned yet
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been run and
+ *   #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done has not been called yet
  *
  * @param delay when should this operation time out?
  * @param rfd read file-descriptor
@@ -1439,9 +1483,12 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_read_net (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
  * socket being ready.  The task will be scheduled for execution once
  * either the delay has expired or the socket operation is ready.  It
  * will be run with the DEFAULT priority.
- * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running
- * (#GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run or #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver has been
- * called and has not returned yet).
+ * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running, that
+ * is one of the following conditions is met:
+ *
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run has been called and has not returned yet
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been run and
+ *   #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done has not been called yet
  *
  * @param delay when should this operation time out?
  * @param priority priority to use for the task
@@ -1473,9 +1520,12 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_read_net_with_priority (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
  * scheduled for execution once either the delay has expired or the
  * socket operation is ready.  It will be run with the priority of
  * the calling task.
- * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running
- * (#GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run or #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver has been
- * called and has not returned yet).
+ * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running, that
+ * is one of the following conditions is met:
+ *
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run has been called and has not returned yet
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been run and
+ *   #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done has not been called yet
  *
  * @param delay when should this operation time out?
  * @param wfd write file-descriptor
@@ -1503,9 +1553,12 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_write_net (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
  * used as a timeout on the socket being ready.  The task will be
  * scheduled for execution once either the delay has expired or the
  * socket operation is ready.
- * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running
- * (#GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run or #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver has been
- * called and has not returned yet).
+ * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running, that
+ * is one of the following conditions is met:
+ *
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run has been called and has not returned yet
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been run and
+ *   #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done has not been called yet
  *
  * @param delay when should this operation time out?
  * @param priority priority of the task
@@ -1562,9 +1615,12 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_net_with_priority  (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
  * used as a timeout on the socket being ready.  The task will be
  * scheduled for execution once either the delay has expired or the
  * socket operation is ready. It will be run with the DEFAULT priority.
- * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running
- * (#GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run or #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver has been
- * called and has not returned yet).
+ * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running, that
+ * is one of the following conditions is met:
+ *
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run has been called and has not returned yet
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been run and
+ *   #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done has not been called yet
  *
  * @param delay when should this operation time out?
  * @param rfd read file-descriptor
@@ -1591,9 +1647,12 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_read_file (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
  * used as a timeout on the socket being ready.  The task will be
  * scheduled for execution once either the delay has expired or the
  * socket operation is ready. It will be run with the DEFAULT priority.
- * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running
- * (#GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run or #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver has been
- * called and has not returned yet).
+ * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running, that
+ * is one of the following conditions is met:
+ *
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run has been called and has not returned yet
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been run and
+ *   #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done has not been called yet
  *
  * @param delay when should this operation time out?
  * @param wfd write file-descriptor
@@ -1620,9 +1679,12 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_write_file (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
  * used as a timeout on the socket being ready.  The task will be
  * scheduled for execution once either the delay has expired or the
  * socket operation is ready.
- * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running
- * (#GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run or #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver has been
- * called and has not returned yet).
+ * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running, that
+ * is one of the following conditions is met:
+ *
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run has been called and has not returned yet
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been run and
+ *   #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done has not been called yet
  *
  * @param delay when should this operation time out?
  * @param priority priority of the task
@@ -1671,6 +1733,57 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_file_with_priority (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
 }
 
 
+void
+extract_handles (const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_FDSet *fdset,
+                 const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle ***ntarget,
+                 unsigned int *extracted_nhandles,
+                 const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle ***ftarget,
+                 unsigned int *extracted_fhandles)
+{
+  // FIXME: this implementation only works for unix, for WIN32 the file handles
+  // in fdset must be handled separately
+  const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle **nhandles;
+  const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle **fhandles;
+  unsigned int nhandles_len;
+  unsigned int fhandles_len;
+
+  nhandles = NULL;
+  fhandles = NULL;
+  nhandles_len = 0;
+  fhandles_len = 0;
+  for (int sock = 0; sock != fdset->nsds; ++sock)
+  {
+    if (GNUNET_YES == GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_test_native (fdset, sock))
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle *nhandle;
+      struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *fhandle;
+
+      nhandle = GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_box_native (sock);
+      if (NULL != nhandle)
+      {
+        GNUNET_array_append (nhandles, nhandles_len, nhandle);
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        fhandle = GNUNET_DISK_get_handle_from_int_fd (sock);
+        if (NULL != fhandle)
+        {
+          GNUNET_array_append (fhandles, fhandles_len, fhandle);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+          GNUNET_assert (0);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  *ntarget = nhandles_len > 0 ? nhandles : NULL;
+  *ftarget = fhandles_len > 0 ? fhandles : NULL;
+  *extracted_nhandles = nhandles_len;
+  *extracted_fhandles = fhandles_len;
+}
+
+
 /**
  * Schedule a new task to be run with a specified delay or when any of
  * the specified file descriptor sets is ready.  The delay can be used
@@ -1686,9 +1799,12 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_file_with_priority (struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative delay,
  *     || any-rs-ready
  *     || any-ws-ready) )
  * </code>
- * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running
- * (#GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run or #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver has been
- * called and has not returned yet).
+ * Only allowed to be called as long as the scheduler is running, that
+ * is one of the following conditions is met:
+ *
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run has been called and has not returned yet
+ * - #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been run and
+ *   #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done has not been called yet
  *
  * @param prio how important is this task?
  * @param delay how long should we wait?
@@ -1708,32 +1824,80 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_select (enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Priority prio,
                              void *task_cls)
 {
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t;
+  const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle **read_nhandles = NULL;
+  const struct GNUNET_NETWORK_Handle **write_nhandles = NULL;
+  const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle **read_fhandles = NULL;
+  const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle **write_fhandles = NULL;
+  unsigned int read_nhandles_len = 0;
+  unsigned int write_nhandles_len = 0;
+  unsigned int read_fhandles_len = 0;
+  unsigned int write_fhandles_len = 0;
 
-  if ( (NULL == rs) &&
-       (NULL == ws) )
+  /* scheduler must be running */
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != scheduler_driver);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != task);
+  int no_rs = (NULL == rs);
+  int no_ws = (NULL == ws);
+  int empty_rs = (NULL != rs) && (0 == rs->nsds);
+  int empty_ws = (NULL != ws) && (0 == ws->nsds);
+  int no_fds = (no_rs && no_ws) ||
+               (empty_rs && empty_ws) ||
+               (no_rs && empty_ws) ||
+               (no_ws && empty_rs);
+  if (! no_fds)
+  {
+    if (NULL != rs)
+    {
+      extract_handles (rs,
+                       &read_nhandles,
+                       &read_nhandles_len,
+                       &read_fhandles,
+                       &read_fhandles_len);
+    }
+    if (NULL != ws)
+    {
+      extract_handles (ws,
+                       &write_nhandles,
+                       &write_nhandles_len,
+                       &write_fhandles,
+                       &write_fhandles_len);
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * here we consider the case that a GNUNET_NETWORK_FDSet might be empty
+   * although its maximum FD number (nsds) is greater than 0. We handle
+   * this case gracefully because some libraries such as libmicrohttpd
+   * only provide a hint what the maximum FD number in an FD set might be
+   * and not the exact FD number (see e.g. gnunet-rest-service.c)
+   */
+  int no_fds_extracted = (0 == read_nhandles_len) &&
+                         (0 == read_fhandles_len) &&
+                         (0 == write_nhandles_len) &&
+                         (0 == write_fhandles_len);
+  if (no_fds || no_fds_extracted)
     return GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_delayed_with_priority (delay,
                                                        prio,
                                                        task,
                                                        task_cls);
-  /* scheduler must be running */
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != scheduler_driver);
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != active_task);
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != task);
   t = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task);
+  init_fd_info (t,
+                read_nhandles,
+                read_nhandles_len,
+                write_nhandles,
+                write_nhandles_len,
+                read_fhandles,
+                read_fhandles_len,
+                write_fhandles,
+                write_fhandles_len);
   t->callback = task;
   t->callback_cls = task_cls;
-  t->read_fd = -1;
-  t->write_fd = -1;
-  if (NULL != rs)
-  {
-    t->read_set = GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_create ();
-    GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_copy (t->read_set, rs);
-  }
-  if (NULL != ws)
-  {
-    t->write_set = GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_create ();
-    GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_copy (t->write_set, ws);
-  }
+  t->own_handles = GNUNET_YES;
+  /* free the arrays of pointers to network / file handles, the actual
+   * handles will be freed in destroy_task */
+  GNUNET_array_grow (read_nhandles, read_nhandles_len, 0);
+  GNUNET_array_grow (write_nhandles, write_nhandles_len, 0);
+  GNUNET_array_grow (read_fhandles, read_fhandles_len, 0);
+  GNUNET_array_grow (write_fhandles, write_fhandles_len, 0);
 #if PROFILE_DELAYS
   t->start_time = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
 #endif
@@ -1746,7 +1910,7 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_select (enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Priority prio,
   GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (pending_head,
                                pending_tail,
                                t);
-  scheduler_multi_function_call (t, scheduler_driver->add);
+  driver_add_multiple (t);
   max_priority_added = GNUNET_MAX (max_priority_added,
            t->priority);
   LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
@@ -1759,75 +1923,73 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_select (enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Priority prio,
 
 /**
  * Function used by event-loop implementations to signal the scheduler
- * that a particular @a task is ready due to an event of type @a et.
+ * that a particular @a task is ready due to an event specified in the
+ * et field of @a fdi.
  *
  * This function will then queue the task to notify the application
  * that the task is ready (with the respective priority).
  *
- * @param task the task that is ready, NULL for wake up calls
- * @param et information about why the task is ready
+ * @param task the task that is ready
+ * @param fdi information about the related FD
  */
 void
 GNUNET_SCHEDULER_task_ready (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *task,
-                             enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_EventType et)
+                             struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fdi)
 {
   enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Reason reason;
-  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute now;
 
-  now = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
   reason = task->reason;
-  if (now.abs_value_us >= task->timeout.abs_value_us)
-    reason |= GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_TIMEOUT;
   if ( (0 == (reason & GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_READ_READY)) &&
-       (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN & et)) )
+       (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN & fdi->et)) )
     reason |= GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_READ_READY;
   if ( (0 == (reason & GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_WRITE_READY)) &&
-       (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT & et)) )
+       (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT & fdi->et)) )
     reason |= GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_WRITE_READY;
   reason |= GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_PREREQ_DONE;
-
-   
-
-
   task->reason = reason;
-  task->fds = &task->fdx; // FIXME: if task contains a list of fds, this is wrong!
-  task->fdx.et = et;
-  task->fds_len = 1;
-  GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (pending_head,
-                               pending_tail,
-                               task);
-  queue_ready_task (task);
+  if (GNUNET_NO == task->in_ready_list)
+  {
+    GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (pending_head,
+                                 pending_tail,
+                                 task);
+    queue_ready_task (task);
+  }
 }
 
 
 /**
- * Function called by the driver to tell the scheduler to run some of
- * the tasks that are ready.  This function may return even though
- * there are tasks left to run just to give other tasks a chance as
- * well.  If we return #GNUNET_YES, the driver should call this
- * function again as soon as possible, while if we return #GNUNET_NO
- * it must block until the operating system has more work as the
- * scheduler has no more work to do right now.
+ * Function called by external event loop implementations to tell the
+ * scheduler to run some of the tasks that are ready. Must be called
+ * only after #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init has been called and before
+ * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done is called.
+ * This function may return even though there are tasks left to run
+ * just to give other tasks a chance as well.  If we return #GNUNET_YES,
+ * the event loop implementation should call this function again as
+ * soon as possible, while if we return #GNUNET_NO it must block until
+ * either the operating system has more work (the scheduler has no more
+ * work to do right now) or the timeout set by the scheduler (using the
+ * set_wakeup callback) is reached.
  *
- * @param sh scheduler handle that was given to the `loop`
- * @return #GNUNET_OK if there are more tasks that are ready,
- *          and thus we would like to run more (yield to avoid
- *          blocking other activities for too long)
- *         #GNUNET_NO if we are done running tasks (yield to block)
- *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on error
+ * @param sh scheduler handle that was returned by
+ *        #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init
+ * @return #GNUNET_YES if there are more tasks that are ready,
+ *         and thus we would like to run more (yield to avoid
+ *         blocking other activities for too long) #GNUNET_NO
+ *         if we are done running tasks (yield to block)
  */
 int
-GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_from_driver (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh)
+GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh)
 {
-  // FIXME: call check_lifeness here!
   enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Priority p;
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *pos;
   struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute now;
 
   /* check for tasks that reached the timeout! */
   now = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
-  while (NULL != (pos = pending_timeout_head))
+  pos = pending_timeout_head;
+  while (NULL != pos)
   {
+    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *next = pos->next;
     if (now.abs_value_us >= pos->timeout.abs_value_us)
       pos->reason |= GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_TIMEOUT;
     if (0 == pos->reason)
@@ -1838,72 +2000,135 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_from_driver (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh)
     if (pending_timeout_last == pos)
       pending_timeout_last = NULL;
     queue_ready_task (pos);
+    pos = next;
   }
-
-  if (0 == ready_count)
-    return GNUNET_NO;
-
-  /* find out which task priority level we are going to
-     process this time */
-  max_priority_added = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_KEEP;
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL == ready_head[GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_KEEP]);
-  /* yes, p>0 is correct, 0 is "KEEP" which should
-   * always be an empty queue (see assertion)! */
-  for (p = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_COUNT - 1; p > 0; p--)
+  pos = pending_head;
+  while (NULL != pos)
   {
-    pos = ready_head[p];
-    if (NULL != pos)
-      break;
+    struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *next = pos->next;
+    if (now.abs_value_us >= pos->timeout.abs_value_us)
+    {
+      pos->reason |= GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_TIMEOUT;
+      GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (pending_head,
+                                   pending_tail,
+                                   pos);
+      queue_ready_task (pos);
+    }
+    pos = next;
   }
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != pos);        /* ready_count wrong? */
 
-  /* process all tasks at this priority level, then yield */
-  while (NULL != (pos = ready_head[p]))
+  if (0 == ready_count)
   {
-    GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (ready_head[p],
-         ready_tail[p],
-         pos);
-    ready_count--;
-    current_priority = pos->priority;
-    current_lifeness = pos->lifeness;
-    active_task = pos;
-#if PROFILE_DELAYS
-    if (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_duration (pos->start_time).rel_value_us >
-        DELAY_THRESHOLD.rel_value_us)
+    struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute timeout = get_timeout ();
+
+    if (timeout.abs_value_us > now.abs_value_us)
     {
+      /**
+       * The event loop called this function before the current timeout was
+       * reached (and no FD tasks are ready). This is acceptable if
+       *
+       * - the system time was changed while the driver was waiting for
+       *   the timeout
+       * - an external event loop called GNUnet API functions outside of
+       *   the callbacks called in GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work and thus 
+       *   wasn't notified about the new timeout
+       *
+       * It might also mean we are busy-waiting because of a programming
+       * error in the external event loop.
+       */
       LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-           "Task %p took %s to be scheduled\n",
-           pos,
-           GNUNET_STRINGS_relative_time_to_string (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_duration (pos->start_time),
-                                                   GNUNET_YES));
+           "GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work did not find any ready "
+           "tasks and timeout has not been reached yet.\n");
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      /**
+       * the current timeout was reached but no ready tasks were found,
+       * internal scheduler error!
+       */
+      GNUNET_assert (0);
     }
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    /* find out which task priority level we are going to
+       process this time */
+    max_priority_added = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_KEEP;
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL == ready_head[GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_KEEP]);
+    /* yes, p>0 is correct, 0 is "KEEP" which should
+     * always be an empty queue (see assertion)! */
+    for (p = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_COUNT - 1; p > 0; p--)
+    {
+      pos = ready_head[p];
+      if (NULL != pos)
+        break;
+    }
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL != pos);        /* ready_count wrong? */
+
+    /* process all tasks at this priority level, then yield */
+    while (NULL != (pos = ready_head[p]))
+    {
+      GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (ready_head[p],
+           ready_tail[p],
+           pos);
+      ready_count--;
+      current_priority = pos->priority;
+      current_lifeness = pos->lifeness;
+      active_task = pos;
+#if PROFILE_DELAYS
+      if (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_duration (pos->start_time).rel_value_us >
+          DELAY_THRESHOLD.rel_value_us)
+      {
+        LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+             "Task %p took %s to be scheduled\n",
+             pos,
+             GNUNET_STRINGS_relative_time_to_string (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_duration (pos->start_time),
+                                                     GNUNET_YES));
+      }
 #endif
-    tc.reason = pos->reason;
-    GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_zero (sh->rs);
-    GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_zero (sh->ws);
-    tc.fds_len = pos->fds_len;
-    tc.fds = pos->fds;
-    //tc.read_ready = (NULL == pos->read_set) ? sh->rs : pos->read_set;
-    tc.read_ready = sh->rs;
-    if ( (-1 != pos->read_fd) &&
-         (0 != (pos->reason & GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_READ_READY)) )
-      GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_set_native (sh->rs,
-                                       pos->read_fd);
-    //tc.write_ready = (NULL == pos->write_set) ? sh->ws : pos->write_set;
-    tc.write_ready = sh->ws;
-    if ( (-1 != pos->write_fd) &&
-         (0 != (pos->reason & GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_WRITE_READY)) )
-      GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_set_native (sh->ws,
-                                       pos->write_fd);
-    LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-         "Running task %p\n",
-         pos);
-    pos->callback (pos->callback_cls);
-    active_task = NULL;
-    dump_backtrace (pos);
-    destroy_task (pos);
-    tasks_run++;
+      tc.reason = pos->reason;
+      GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_zero (sh->rs);
+      GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_zero (sh->ws);
+      // FIXME: do we have to remove FdInfos from fds if they are not ready?
+      tc.fds_len = pos->fds_len;
+      tc.fds = pos->fds;
+      for (unsigned int i = 0; i != pos->fds_len; ++i)
+      {
+        struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fdi = &pos->fds[i];
+        if (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN & fdi->et))
+        {
+          GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_set_native (sh->rs,
+                                           fdi->sock);
+        }
+        if (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT & fdi->et))
+        {
+          GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_set_native (sh->ws,
+                                           fdi->sock);
+        }
+      }
+      tc.read_ready = sh->rs;
+      tc.write_ready = sh->ws;
+      LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+           "Running task %p\n",
+           pos);
+      GNUNET_assert (NULL != pos->callback);
+      pos->callback (pos->callback_cls);
+      if (NULL != pos->fds)
+      {
+        int del_result = scheduler_driver->del (scheduler_driver->cls, pos);
+        if (GNUNET_OK != del_result)
+        {
+          LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+             "driver could not delete task %p\n", pos);
+          GNUNET_assert (0);
+        }
+      }
+      active_task = NULL;
+      dump_backtrace (pos);
+      destroy_task (pos);
+    }
   }
+  shutdown_if_no_lifeness ();
   if (0 == ready_count)
   {
     scheduler_driver->set_wakeup (scheduler_driver->cls,
@@ -1911,49 +2136,53 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_from_driver (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh)
     return GNUNET_NO;
   }
   scheduler_driver->set_wakeup (scheduler_driver->cls,
-                                GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ()); 
-  return GNUNET_OK;
+                                GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ());
+  return GNUNET_YES;
 }
 
 
 /**
- * Initialize and run scheduler.  This function will return when all
- * tasks have completed.  On systems with signals, receiving a SIGTERM
- * (and other similar signals) will cause #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown
- * to be run after the active task is complete.  As a result, SIGTERM
- * causes all shutdown tasks to be scheduled with reason
- * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_SHUTDOWN.  (However, tasks added
- * afterwards will execute normally!).  Note that any particular
- * signal will only shut down one scheduler; applications should
- * always only create a single scheduler.
+ * Function called by external event loop implementations to initialize
+ * the scheduler. An external implementation has to provide @a driver
+ * which contains callbacks for the scheduler (see definition of struct
+ * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Driver). The callbacks are used to instruct the
+ * external implementation to watch for events. If it detects any of
+ * those events it is expected to call #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work to let
+ * the scheduler handle it. If an event is related to a specific task
+ * (e.g. the scheduler gave instructions to watch a file descriptor),
+ * the external implementation is expected to mark that task ready
+ * before by calling #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_task_ready.
+
+ * This function has to be called before any tasks are scheduled and
+ * before GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work is called for the first time. It
+ * allocates resources that have to be freed again by calling
+ * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done.
  *
- * @param driver drive to use for the event loop
- * @param task task to run first (and immediately)
- * @param task_cls closure of @a task
- * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on failure
+ * This function installs the same signal handlers as
+ * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run. This means SIGTERM (and other similar signals)
+ * will induce a call to #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_shutdown during the next
+ * call to #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work. As a result, SIGTERM causes all
+ * active tasks to be scheduled with reason
+ * #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_SHUTDOWN. (However, tasks added afterwards
+ * will execute normally!). Note that any particular signal will only
+ * shut down one scheduler; applications should always only create a
+ * single scheduler.
+ *
+ * @param driver to use for the event loop
+ * @return handle to be passed to #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work and
+ *         #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done
  */
-int
-GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver (const struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Driver *driver,
-                                  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskCallback task,
-                                  void *task_cls)
+struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *
+GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init (const struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Driver *driver)
 {
-  int ret;
-  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_int;
-  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_term;
-#if (SIGTERM != GNUNET_TERM_SIG)
-  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_gterm;
-#endif
-#ifndef MINGW
-  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_quit;
-  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_hup;
-  struct GNUNET_SIGNAL_Context *shc_pipe;
-#endif
-  struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task tsk;
+  struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh;
   const struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *pr;
 
-  /* general set-up */
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL == active_task);
+  /* scheduler must not be running */
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL == scheduler_driver);
   GNUNET_assert (NULL == shutdown_pipe_handle);
+  /* general set-up */
+  sh = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle);
   shutdown_pipe_handle = GNUNET_DISK_pipe (GNUNET_NO,
                                            GNUNET_NO,
                                            GNUNET_NO,
@@ -1967,211 +2196,132 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_with_driver (const struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Driver *driver,
   /* install signal handlers */
   LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
        "Registering signal handlers\n");
-  shc_int = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGINT,
-             &sighandler_shutdown);
-  shc_term = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGTERM,
-              &sighandler_shutdown);
+  sh->shc_int = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGINT,
+                                               &sighandler_shutdown);
+  sh->shc_term = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGTERM,
+                                                &sighandler_shutdown);
 #if (SIGTERM != GNUNET_TERM_SIG)
-  shc_gterm = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (GNUNET_TERM_SIG,
-               &sighandler_shutdown);
+  sh->shc_gterm = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (GNUNET_TERM_SIG,
+                                                 &sighandler_shutdown);
 #endif
 #ifndef MINGW
-  shc_pipe = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGPIPE,
-              &sighandler_pipe);
-  shc_quit = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGQUIT,
-              &sighandler_shutdown);
-  shc_hup = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGHUP,
-             &sighandler_shutdown);
+  sh->shc_pipe = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGPIPE,
+                                                &sighandler_pipe);
+  sh->shc_quit = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGQUIT,
+                                                &sighandler_shutdown);
+  sh->shc_hup = GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_install (SIGHUP,
+                                               &sighandler_shutdown);
 #endif
 
   /* Setup initial tasks */
   current_priority = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_DEFAULT;
   current_lifeness = GNUNET_NO;
-  memset (&tsk,
-    0,
-    sizeof (tsk));
-  active_task = &tsk;
-  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&GNUNET_OS_install_parent_control_handler,
-                            NULL);
-  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_read_file (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL,
-                                  pr,
-                                  &shutdown_task,
-                                  NULL);
+  install_parent_control_task =
+    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&install_parent_control_handler,
+                              NULL);
+  shutdown_pipe_task =
+    GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_read_file (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL,
+                                    pr,
+                                    &shutdown_pipe_cb,
+                                    NULL);
   current_lifeness = GNUNET_YES;
-  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_with_reason_and_priority (task,
-                                                 task_cls,
-                                                 GNUNET_SCHEDULER_REASON_STARTUP,
-                                                 GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_DEFAULT);
-  active_task = NULL;
   scheduler_driver->set_wakeup (scheduler_driver->cls,
                                 get_timeout ());
   /* begin main event loop */
-  sh.rs = GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_create ();
-  sh.ws = GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_create ();
-  GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_handle_set (sh.rs, pr);
-  ret = driver->loop (driver->cls,
-                      &sh);
-  GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (sh.rs);
-  GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (sh.ws);
+  sh->rs = GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_create ();
+  sh->ws = GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_create ();
+  GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_handle_set (sh->rs, pr);
+  return sh;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Counter-part of #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init. Has to be called
+ * by external event loop implementations after the scheduler has
+ * shut down. This is the case if both of the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ *
+ * - all tasks the scheduler has added through the driver's add
+ *   callback have been removed again through the driver's del
+ *   callback
+ * - the timeout the scheduler has set through the driver's
+ *   add_wakeup callback is FOREVER
+ *
+ * @param sh the handle returned by #GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_init
+ */
+void
+GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_done (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh)
+{
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL == pending_head);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL == pending_timeout_head);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL == shutdown_head);
+  for (int i = 0; i != GNUNET_SCHEDULER_PRIORITY_COUNT; ++i)
+  {
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL == ready_head[i]);
+  }
+  GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (sh->rs);
+  GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (sh->ws);
 
   /* uninstall signal handlers */
-  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (shc_int);
-  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (shc_term);
+  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (sh->shc_int);
+  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (sh->shc_term);
 #if (SIGTERM != GNUNET_TERM_SIG)
-  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (shc_gterm);
+  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (sh->shc_gterm);
 #endif
 #ifndef MINGW
-  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (shc_pipe);
-  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (shc_quit);
-  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (shc_hup);
+  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (sh->shc_pipe);
+  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (sh->shc_quit);
+  GNUNET_SIGNAL_handler_uninstall (sh->shc_hup);
 #endif
   GNUNET_DISK_pipe_close (shutdown_pipe_handle);
   shutdown_pipe_handle = NULL;
   scheduler_driver = NULL;
-  return ret;
-}
-
-
-int
-select_add (void *cls,
-            struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *task,
-            struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fdi)
-{
-  struct DriverContext *context = cls;
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != context);
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != task);
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != fdi);
-
-  if (!((NULL != fdi->fd) ^ (NULL != fdi->fh)) || (0 > fdi->sock))
-  {
-    /* exactly one out of {fd, hf} must be != NULL and the OS handle must be valid */
-    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
-  }
-
-  struct Scheduled *scheduled = GNUNET_new (struct Scheduled);
-  scheduled->task = task;
-  scheduled->fdi = fdi;
-
-  switch (fdi->et)
-  {
-  case GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN:
-  {
-    GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (context->scheduled_in_head,
-                                 context->scheduled_in_tail,
-                                 scheduled);
-    break;
-  }
-  case GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT:
-  {
-    GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (context->scheduled_out_head,
-                                 context->scheduled_out_tail,
-                                 scheduled);
-    break;
-  }
-  default:
-  {
-    // FIXME: other event types not implemented yet
-    GNUNET_assert (0);
-  }
-  }
-  return GNUNET_OK;
+  GNUNET_free (sh);
 }
 
 
-int
-select_del (void *cls,
-            struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *task,
-            struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fdi)
-{
-  struct DriverContext *context = cls;
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != context);
-
-  int ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
-  struct Scheduled *pos;
-  // FIXME: are multiple ORed event types allowed?
-  switch (fdi->et)
-  {
-  case GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN:
-  {
-    for (pos = context->scheduled_in_head; NULL != pos; pos = pos->next)
-    {
-      if (pos->task == task)
-      {
-        GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (context->scheduled_in_head,
-                                     context->scheduled_in_tail,
-                                     pos);
-        ret = GNUNET_OK;
-      }
-    }
-    break; 
-  }
-  case GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT:
-  {
-    for (pos = context->scheduled_out_head; NULL != pos; pos = pos->next)
-    {
-      if (pos->task == task)
-      {
-        GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (context->scheduled_out_head,
-                                     context->scheduled_out_tail,
-                                     pos);
-        ret = GNUNET_OK;
-      }
-    }
-    break;
-  }
-  default:
-  {
-    // FIXME: other event types not implemented yet
-    GNUNET_assert (0);
-  }
-  }
-  return ret;
-}
-
-
-int
-select_loop (void *cls,
-             struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh)
+static int
+select_loop (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sh,
+             struct DriverContext *context)
 {
   struct GNUNET_NETWORK_FDSet *rs;
   struct GNUNET_NETWORK_FDSet *ws;
-  struct DriverContext *context;
   int select_result;
-  unsigned long long last_tr;
-  unsigned int busy_wait_warning;
-  
-  context = cls;
+
   GNUNET_assert (NULL != context);
   rs = GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_create ();
   ws = GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_create ();
-  last_tr = 0;
-  busy_wait_warning = 0;
-  // FIXME: remove check_lifeness, instead the condition should be:
-  // pending_in_head != NULL || pending_out_head != NULL || tasks_ready
-  while (GNUNET_YES == GNUNET_SCHEDULER_check_lifeness ())
+  while ( (NULL != context->scheduled_head) ||
+          (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_ABS.abs_value_us != context->timeout.abs_value_us) )
   {
-    LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
-         "[%p] timeout = %s\n",
-         sh,
-         GNUNET_STRINGS_relative_time_to_string (context->timeout, GNUNET_NO));
+    LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+         "select timeout = %s\n",
+         GNUNET_STRINGS_absolute_time_to_string (context->timeout));
 
     GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_zero (rs);
     GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_zero (ws);
-    struct Scheduled *pos;
-    for (pos = context->scheduled_in_head; NULL != pos; pos = pos->next)
-    {
-      GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_set_native (rs, pos->fdi->sock);
-    }
-    for (pos = context->scheduled_out_head; NULL != pos; pos = pos->next)
+
+    for (struct Scheduled *pos = context->scheduled_head;
+         NULL != pos;
+         pos = pos->next)
     {
-      GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_set_native (ws, pos->fdi->sock);
+      if (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN & pos->et))
+      {
+        GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_set_native (rs, pos->fdi->sock);
+      }
+      if (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT & pos->et))
+      {
+        GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_set_native (ws, pos->fdi->sock);
+      }
     }
+    struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative time_remaining =
+      GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_remaining (context->timeout);
     if (NULL == scheduler_select)
     {
       select_result = GNUNET_NETWORK_socket_select (rs,
                                                     ws,
                                                     NULL,
-                                                    context->timeout);
+                                                    time_remaining);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -2179,19 +2329,23 @@ select_loop (void *cls,
                                         rs,
                                         ws,
                                         NULL,
-                                        context->timeout);
+                                        time_remaining);
     }
     if (select_result == GNUNET_SYSERR)
     {
       if (errno == EINTR)
         continue;
 
-      LOG_STRERROR (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR, "select");
+      LOG_STRERROR (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                    "select");
 #ifndef MINGW
 #if USE_LSOF
       char lsof[512];
 
-      snprintf (lsof, sizeof (lsof), "lsof -p %d", getpid ());
+      snprintf (lsof,
+                sizeof (lsof),
+                "lsof -p %d",
+                getpid ());
       (void) close (1);
       (void) dup2 (2, 1);
       if (0 != system (lsof))
@@ -2200,100 +2354,141 @@ select_loop (void *cls,
 #endif
 #endif
 #if DEBUG_FDS
-      struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *t;
-      // FIXME: pending_head is a scheduler-internal variable!
-      for (t = pending_head; NULL != t; t = t->next)
+      for (struct Scheduled *s = context->scheduled_head;
+           NULL != s;
+           s = s->next)
       {
-        if (-1 != t->read_fd)
-        {
-          int flags = fcntl (t->read_fd, F_GETFD);
-          if ((flags == -1) && (errno == EBADF))
-          {
-            LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
-                 "Got invalid file descriptor %d!\n",
-                 t->read_fd);
-            dump_backtrace (t);
-          }
-        }
-        if (-1 != t->write_fd)
+        int flags = fcntl (s->fdi->sock,
+                           F_GETFD);
+
+        if ( (flags == -1) &&
+             (EBADF == errno) )
         {
-          int flags = fcntl (t->write_fd, F_GETFD);
-          if ((flags == -1) && (errno == EBADF))
-          {
-            LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
-                 "Got invalid file descriptor %d!\n",
-                 t->write_fd);
-            dump_backtrace (t);
-          }
+          LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+               "Got invalid file descriptor %d!\n",
+               s->fdi->sock);
+#if EXECINFO
+          dump_backtrace (s->task);
+#endif
         }
       }
 #endif
       GNUNET_assert (0);
+      GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (rs);
+      GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (ws);
       return GNUNET_SYSERR;
     }
-    if ( (0 == select_result) &&
-         (0 == context->timeout.rel_value_us) &&
-         (busy_wait_warning > 16) )
-    {
-      LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
-           "[%p] Looks like we're busy waiting...\n",
-           sh);
-      GNUNET_assert (0);
-      short_wait (100);                /* mitigate */
-    }
-    for (pos = context->scheduled_in_head; NULL != pos; pos = pos->next)
+    if (select_result > 0)
     {
-      if (GNUNET_YES == GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_test_native (rs, pos->fdi->sock))
+      for (struct Scheduled *pos = context->scheduled_head;
+           NULL != pos;
+           pos = pos->next)
       {
-        GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (context->scheduled_in_head,
-                                     context->scheduled_in_tail,
-                                     pos);
-        GNUNET_SCHEDULER_task_ready (pos->task, GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN);
-      }
-    }
-    for (pos = context->scheduled_out_head; NULL != pos; pos = pos->next)
-    {
-      if (GNUNET_YES == GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_test_native (ws, pos->fdi->sock))
-      {
-        GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (context->scheduled_out_head,
-                                     context->scheduled_out_tail,
-                                     pos);
-        GNUNET_SCHEDULER_task_ready (pos->task, GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT);
+        int is_ready = GNUNET_NO;
+
+        if (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN & pos->et) &&
+            GNUNET_YES ==
+            GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_test_native (rs,
+                                              pos->fdi->sock))
+        {
+          pos->fdi->et |= GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN;
+          is_ready = GNUNET_YES;
+        }
+        if (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT & pos->et) &&
+            GNUNET_YES ==
+            GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_test_native (ws,
+                                              pos->fdi->sock))
+        {
+          pos->fdi->et |= GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT;
+          is_ready = GNUNET_YES;
+        }
+        if (GNUNET_YES == is_ready)
+        {
+          GNUNET_SCHEDULER_task_ready (pos->task,
+                                       pos->fdi);
+        }
       }
     }
-    int tasks_ready = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_run_from_driver (sh);
-    LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
-         "[%p] tasks_ready: %d\n",
-         sh,
-         tasks_ready);
-    // FIXME: tasks_run is a driver-internal variable! Instead we should increment
-    // a local variable tasks_ready_count everytime we're calling GNUNET_SCHEDULER_task_ready. 
-    if (last_tr == tasks_run)
+    if (GNUNET_YES == GNUNET_SCHEDULER_do_work (sh))
     {
-      LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
-           "[%p] no tasks run\n",
-           sh);
-      short_wait (1);
-      busy_wait_warning++;
+      LOG (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+           "scheduler has more tasks ready!\n");
     }
-    else
+  }
+  GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (rs);
+  GNUNET_NETWORK_fdset_destroy (ws);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+static int
+select_add (void *cls,
+            struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *task,
+            struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_FdInfo *fdi)
+{
+  struct DriverContext *context = cls;
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != context);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != task);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != fdi);
+  GNUNET_assert (0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_IN & fdi->et) ||
+                 0 != (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_ET_OUT & fdi->et));
+
+  if (!((NULL != fdi->fd) ^ (NULL != fdi->fh)) || (fdi->sock < 0))
+  {
+    /* exactly one out of {fd, hf} must be != NULL and the OS handle must be valid */
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+
+  struct Scheduled *scheduled = GNUNET_new (struct Scheduled);
+  scheduled->task = task;
+  scheduled->fdi = fdi;
+  scheduled->et = fdi->et;
+
+  GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (context->scheduled_head,
+                               context->scheduled_tail,
+                               scheduled);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+static int
+select_del (void *cls,
+            struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *task)
+{
+  struct DriverContext *context;
+  struct Scheduled *pos;
+  int ret;
+
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != cls);
+
+  context = cls;
+  ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  pos = context->scheduled_head;
+  while (NULL != pos)
+  {
+    struct Scheduled *next = pos->next;
+    if (pos->task == task)
     {
-      last_tr = tasks_run;
-      busy_wait_warning = 0;
+      GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (context->scheduled_head,
+                                   context->scheduled_tail,
+                                   pos);
+      GNUNET_free (pos);
+      ret = GNUNET_OK;
     }
+    pos = next;
   }
-  return GNUNET_OK; 
+  return ret;
 }
 
 
-void
-select_set_wakeup(void *cls,
-                  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute dt)
+static void
+select_set_wakeup (void *cls,
+                   struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute dt)
 {
   struct DriverContext *context = cls;
+
   GNUNET_assert (NULL != context);
-  context->timeout = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_remaining (dt);
+  context->timeout = dt;
 }
 
 
@@ -2308,7 +2503,6 @@ GNUNET_SCHEDULER_driver_select ()
   struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Driver *select_driver;
   select_driver = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Driver);
 
-  select_driver->loop = &select_loop;
   select_driver->add = &select_add;
   select_driver->del = &select_del;
   select_driver->set_wakeup = &select_set_wakeup;