fix off-by-one in BOX type processing
[oweals/gnunet.git] / src / gns / gnunet-service-gns_resolver.c
index 708742bb63cb60de89863703833b813c7d42cb37..0b86ca267191f46dd64eea040689a00ece67c926 100644 (file)
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
      This file is part of GNUnet.
-     (C) 2011-2013 Christian Grothoff (and other contributing authors)
+     Copyright (C) 2011-2013 GNUnet e.V.
 
      GNUnet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
      it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
 
      You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
      along with GNUnet; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
-     Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
-     Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+     Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
+     Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
 */
 
 /**
  * @brief GNU Name System resolver logic
  * @author Martin Schanzenbach
  * @author Christian Grothoff
- *
- * TODO:
- * - GNS: handle special SRV names --- no delegation, direct lookup;
- *        can likely be done in 'resolver_lookup_get_next_label'. (#3003)
- * - revocation checks (use CORE-level broadcasts!), (#3004)
- * - DNAME support (#3005)
  */
 #include "platform.h"
 #include "gnunet_util_lib.h"
 #include "gnunet_dnsstub_lib.h"
 #include "gnunet_dht_service.h"
-#include "gnunet_namestore_service.h"
+#include "gnunet_gnsrecord_lib.h"
+#include "gnunet_namecache_service.h"
 #include "gnunet_dns_service.h"
 #include "gnunet_resolver_service.h"
+#include "gnunet_revocation_service.h"
 #include "gnunet_dnsparser_lib.h"
+#include "gnunet_tun_lib.h"
 #include "gnunet_gns_service.h"
 #include "gns.h"
+#include "gnunet-service-gns.h"
 #include "gnunet-service-gns_resolver.h"
-#include "gnunet-service-gns_shorten.h"
 #include "gnunet_vpn_service.h"
 
 
@@ -53,7 +50,7 @@
 /**
  * Default timeout for DNS lookups.
  */
-#define DNS_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT GNUNET_TIME_relative_multiply (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_SECONDS, 5)
+#define DNS_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT GNUNET_TIME_relative_multiply (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_SECONDS, 15)
 
 /**
  * Default timeout for VPN redirections.
@@ -97,6 +94,16 @@ struct AuthorityChain
    */
   char *label;
 
+  /**
+   * label/name suggested for shortening to the authority
+   */
+  char *suggested_shortening_label;
+
+  /**
+   * Do we already try to shorten this authority?
+   */
+  int shortening_started;
+
   /**
    * #GNUNET_YES if the authority was a GNS authority,
    * #GNUNET_NO if the authority was a DNS authority.
@@ -112,7 +119,7 @@ struct AuthorityChain
     /**
      * The zone of the GNS authority
      */
-    struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey gns_authority;
+    struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey gns_authority;
 
     struct
     {
@@ -160,12 +167,12 @@ struct DnsResult
 
   /**
    * Expiration time for the DNS record, 0 if we didn't
-   * get anything useful (i.e. 'gethostbyname' was used).
+   * get anything useful (i.e. 'gethostbyname()' was used).
    */
   uint64_t expiration_time;
 
   /**
-   * Number of bytes in 'data'.
+   * Number of bytes in @e data.
    */
   size_t data_size;
 
@@ -194,7 +201,7 @@ struct VpnContext
   struct GNUNET_VPN_RedirectionRequest *vpn_request;
 
   /**
-   * Number of records serialized in 'rd_data'.
+   * Number of records serialized in @e rd_data.
    */
   unsigned int rd_count;
 
@@ -204,12 +211,40 @@ struct VpnContext
   char *rd_data;
 
   /**
-   * Number of bytes in 'rd_data'.
+   * Number of bytes in @e rd_data.
    */
   size_t rd_data_size;
 };
 
 
+/**
+ * Information we keep during the resolution of an
+ * IP address for a DNS server while handling a
+ * GNS2DNS record.
+ */
+struct Gns2DnsContext
+{
+
+  /**
+   * DNS domain in which the resolution will continue
+   * (first part of the GNS2DNS record).
+   */
+  char *ns;
+
+  /**
+   * Handle for the resolution of the IP part of the
+   * GNS2DNS record.  Will return to us the addresses
+   * of the DNS resolver to use.
+   */
+  struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh;
+
+  /**
+   * Handle for DNS resolution of the DNS nameserver.
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_RESOLVER_RequestHandle *dns_rh;
+};
+
+
 /**
  * Handle to a currenty pending resolution.  On result (positive or
  * negative) the #GNS_ResultProcessor is called.
@@ -230,7 +265,7 @@ struct GNS_ResolverHandle
   /**
    * The top-level GNS authoritative zone to query
    */
-  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey authority_zone;
+  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey authority_zone;
 
   /**
    * called when resolution phase finishes
@@ -238,10 +273,16 @@ struct GNS_ResolverHandle
   GNS_ResultProcessor proc;
 
   /**
-   * closure passed to proc
+   * closure passed to @e proc
    */
   void* proc_cls;
 
+  /**
+   * Handle used during GNS2DNS resolution for looking up the
+   * IP address of the DNS server.
+   */
+  struct Gns2DnsContext *g2dc;
+
   /**
    * Handle for DHT lookups. should be NULL if no lookups are in progress
    */
@@ -263,9 +304,14 @@ struct GNS_ResolverHandle
   struct GNUNET_RESOLVER_RequestHandle *std_resolve;
 
   /**
-   * Pending Namestore lookup task
+   * Pending Namecache lookup task
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_NAMECACHE_QueueEntry *namecache_qe;
+
+  /**
+   * Pending revocation check.
    */
-  struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_QueueEntry *namestore_qe;
+  struct GNUNET_REVOCATION_Query *rev_check;
 
   /**
    * Heap node associated with this lookup.  Used to limit number of
@@ -283,15 +329,10 @@ struct GNS_ResolverHandle
    */
   struct AuthorityChain *ac_tail;
 
-  /**
-   * Private key of the shorten zone, NULL to not shorten.
-   */
-  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPrivateKey *shorten_key;
-
   /**
    * ID of a task associated with the resolution process.
    */
-  GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskIdentifier task_id;
+  struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Task *task_id;
 
   /**
    * The name to resolve
@@ -316,7 +357,19 @@ struct GNS_ResolverHandle
   /**
    * Use only cache
    */
-  int only_cached;
+  enum GNUNET_GNS_LocalOptions options;
+
+  /**
+   * For SRV and TLSA records, the number of the
+   * protocol specified in the name.  0 if no protocol was given.
+   */
+  int protocol;
+
+  /**
+   * For SRV and TLSA records, the number of the
+   * service specified in the name.  0 if no service was given.
+   */
+  int service;
 
   /**
    * Desired type for the resolution.
@@ -352,15 +405,15 @@ struct CacheOps
   /**
    * Pending Namestore caching task.
    */
-  struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_QueueEntry *namestore_qe_cache;
+  struct GNUNET_NAMECACHE_QueueEntry *namecache_qe_cache;
 
 };
 
 
 /**
- * Our handle to the namestore service
+ * Our handle to the namecache service
  */
-static struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_Handle *namestore_handle;
+static struct GNUNET_NAMECACHE_Handle *namecache_handle;
 
 /**
  * Our handle to the vpn service
@@ -407,42 +460,15 @@ static struct CacheOps *co_head;
  */
 static struct CacheOps *co_tail;
 
-
 /**
- * Global configuration.
+ * Use namecache
  */
-static const struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *cfg;
+static int use_cache;
 
-#if 0
 /**
- * Check if name is in srv format (_x._y.xxx)
- *
- * @param name
- * @return #GNUNET_YES if true
+ * Global configuration.
  */
-static int
-is_srv (const char *name)
-{
-  char *ndup;
-  int ret;
-
-  if (*name != '_')
-    return GNUNET_NO;
-  if (NULL == strstr (name, "._"))
-    return GNUNET_NO;
-  ret = GNUNET_YES;
-  ndup = GNUNET_strdup (name);
-  strtok (ndup, ".");
-  if (NULL == strtok (NULL, "."))
-    ret = GNUNET_NO;
-  if (NULL == strtok (NULL, "."))
-    ret = GNUNET_NO;
-  if (NULL != strtok (NULL, "."))
-    ret = GNUNET_NO;
-  GNUNET_free (ndup);
-  return ret;
-}
-#endif
+static const struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *cfg;
 
 
 /**
@@ -452,7 +478,7 @@ is_srv (const char *name)
  * even though they consist of multiple labels.
  *
  * Examples:
- * a.b.gnu  = not canonical
+ * a.b.gnu   = not canonical
  * a         = canonical
  * _foo._srv = canonical
  * _f.bar    = not canonical
@@ -460,18 +486,20 @@ is_srv (const char *name)
  * @param name the name to test
  * @return #GNUNET_YES if canonical
  */
-static int
+/* dead, but keep for now */ int
 is_canonical (const char *name)
 {
   const char *pos;
   const char *dot;
 
-  if (NULL == strchr (name, '.'))
+  if (NULL == strchr (name,
+                      (unsigned char) '.'))
     return GNUNET_YES;
   if ('_' != name[0])
     return GNUNET_NO;
   pos = &name[1];
-  while (NULL != (dot = strchr (pos, '.')))
+  while (NULL != (dot = strchr (pos,
+                                (unsigned char) '.')))
     if ('_' != dot[1])
       return GNUNET_NO;
     else
@@ -482,7 +510,7 @@ is_canonical (const char *name)
 /* ************************** Resolution **************************** */
 
 /**
- * Exands a name ending in .+ with the zone of origin.
+ * Expands a name ending in .+ with the zone of origin.
  *
  * @param rh resolution context
  * @param name name to modify (to be free'd or returned)
@@ -503,7 +531,7 @@ translate_dot_plus (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh,
                   "%.*s.%s",
                   (int) (s_len - 2),
                   name,
-                  GNUNET_NAMESTORE_pkey_to_zkey (&rh->ac_tail->authority_info.gns_authority));
+                  GNUNET_GNSRECORD_pkey_to_zkey (&rh->ac_tail->authority_info.gns_authority));
   GNUNET_free (name);
   return ret;
 }
@@ -513,15 +541,13 @@ translate_dot_plus (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh,
  * Task scheduled to asynchronously fail a resolution.
  *
  * @param cls the 'struct GNS_ResolverHandle' of the resolution to fail
- * @param tc task context
  */
 static void
-fail_resolution (void *cls,
-                const struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskContext *tc)
+fail_resolution (void *cls)
 {
   struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = cls;
 
-  rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_NO_TASK;
+  rh->task_id = NULL;
   rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
   GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
 }
@@ -530,7 +556,7 @@ fail_resolution (void *cls,
 #if (defined WINDOWS) || (defined DARWIN)
 /* Don't have this on W32, here's a naive implementation
  * Was somehow removed on OS X ...  */
-void *
+static void *
 memrchr (const void *s,
         int c,
         size_t n)
@@ -548,7 +574,17 @@ memrchr (const void *s,
 
 /**
  * Get the next, rightmost label from the name that we are trying to resolve,
- * and update the resolution position accordingly.
+ * and update the resolution position accordingly.  Labels usually consist
+ * of up to 63 characters without a period ("."); however, we use a special
+ * convention to support SRV and TLSA records where the domain name
+ * includes an encoding for a service and protocol in the name.  The
+ * syntax (see RFC 2782) here is "_Service._Proto.Name" and in this
+ * special case we include the "_Service._Proto" in the rightmost label.
+ * Thus, for "_443._tcp.foo.bar" we first return the label "bar" and then
+ * the label "_443._tcp.foo".  The special case is detected by the
+ * presence of labels beginning with an underscore.  Whenever a label
+ * begins with an underscore, it is combined with the label to its right
+ * (and the "." is preserved).
  *
  * @param rh handle to the resolution operation to get the next label from
  * @return NULL if there are no more labels
@@ -559,10 +595,17 @@ resolver_lookup_get_next_label (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
   const char *rp;
   const char *dot;
   size_t len;
+  char *ret;
+  char *srv_name;
+  char *proto_name;
+  struct protoent *pe;
+  struct servent *se;
 
   if (0 == rh->name_resolution_pos)
     return NULL;
-  dot = memrchr (rh->name, (int) '.', rh->name_resolution_pos);
+  dot = memrchr (rh->name,
+                 (int) '.',
+                 rh->name_resolution_pos);
   if (NULL == dot)
   {
     /* done, this was the last one */
@@ -577,7 +620,55 @@ resolver_lookup_get_next_label (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
     rp = dot + 1;
     rh->name_resolution_pos = dot - rh->name;
   }
-  return GNUNET_strndup (rp, len);
+  rh->protocol = 0;
+  rh->service = 0;
+  ret = GNUNET_strndup (rp, len);
+  /* If we have labels starting with underscore with label on
+   * the right (SRV/DANE/BOX case), determine port/protocol;
+   * The format of `rh->name` must be "_PORT._PROTOCOL".
+   */
+  if ( ('_' == rh->name[0]) &&
+       (NULL != (dot = memrchr (rh->name,
+                                (int) '.',
+                                rh->name_resolution_pos))) &&
+       ('_' == dot[1]) &&
+       (NULL == memrchr (rh->name,
+                         (int) '.',
+                         dot - rh->name)) )
+  {
+    srv_name = GNUNET_strndup (&rh->name[1],
+                               (dot - rh->name) - 1);
+    proto_name = GNUNET_strndup (&dot[2],
+                                 rh->name_resolution_pos - (dot - rh->name) - 1);
+    rh->name_resolution_pos = 0;
+    pe = getprotobyname (proto_name);
+    if (NULL == pe)
+    {
+      GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                  _("Protocol `%s' unknown, skipping labels.\n"),
+                  proto_name);
+      GNUNET_free (proto_name);
+      GNUNET_free (srv_name);
+      return ret;
+    }
+    se = getservbyname (srv_name,
+                        proto_name);
+    if (NULL == se)
+    {
+      GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                  _("Service `%s' unknown for protocol `%s', skipping labels.\n"),
+                  srv_name,
+                  proto_name);
+      GNUNET_free (proto_name);
+      GNUNET_free (srv_name);
+      return ret;
+    }
+    rh->protocol = pe->p_proto;
+    rh->service = se->s_port;
+    GNUNET_free (proto_name);
+    GNUNET_free (srv_name);
+  }
+  return ret;
 }
 
 
@@ -597,7 +688,7 @@ transmit_lookup_dns_result (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
   for (pos = rh->dns_result_head; NULL != pos; pos = pos->next)
     n++;
   {
-    struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_RecordData rd[n];
+    struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data rd[n];
 
     i = 0;
     for (pos = rh->dns_result_head; NULL != pos; pos = pos->next)
@@ -607,12 +698,12 @@ transmit_lookup_dns_result (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
       rd[i].record_type = pos->record_type;
       if (0 == pos->expiration_time)
       {
-       rd[i].flags = GNUNET_NAMESTORE_RF_RELATIVE_EXPIRATION;
+       rd[i].flags = GNUNET_GNSRECORD_RF_RELATIVE_EXPIRATION;
        rd[i].expiration_time = 0;
       }
       else
       {
-       rd[i].flags = GNUNET_NAMESTORE_RF_NONE;
+       rd[i].flags = GNUNET_GNSRECORD_RF_NONE;
        rd[i].expiration_time = pos->expiration_time;
       }
       i++;
@@ -652,7 +743,7 @@ add_dns_result (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh,
   res->data_size = data_size;
   res->record_type = record_type;
   res->data = &res[1];
-  memcpy (&res[1], data, data_size);
+  GNUNET_memcpy (&res[1], data, data_size);
   GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (rh->dns_result_head,
                               rh->dns_result_tail,
                               res);
@@ -663,7 +754,7 @@ add_dns_result (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh,
  * We had to do a DNS lookup.  Convert the result (if any) and return
  * it.
  *
- * @param cls closure with the 'struct GNS_ResolverHandle'
+ * @param cls closure with the `struct GNS_ResolverHandle`
  * @param addr one of the addresses of the host, NULL for the last address
  * @param addrlen length of the address
  */
@@ -676,15 +767,15 @@ handle_dns_result (void *cls,
   const struct sockaddr_in *sa4;
   const struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6;
 
-  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-             "Received %u bytes of DNS IP data\n",
-             addrlen);
   if (NULL == addr)
   {
     rh->std_resolve = NULL;
     transmit_lookup_dns_result (rh);
     return;
   }
+  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+             "Received %u bytes of DNS IP data\n",
+             addrlen);
   switch (addr->sa_family)
   {
   case AF_INET:
@@ -717,18 +808,17 @@ handle_dns_result (void *cls,
  * @param tc task context
  */
 static void
-recursive_resolution (void *cls,
-                     const struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskContext *tc);
+recursive_resolution (void *cls);
 
 
 /**
  * Begin the resolution process from 'name', starting with
  * the identification of the zone specified by 'name'.
  *
- * @param rh resolution to perform
+ * @param cls closure with `struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh`
  */
 static void
-start_resolver_lookup (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh);
+start_resolver_lookup (void *cls);
 
 
 /**
@@ -752,9 +842,10 @@ dns_result_parser (void *cls,
   unsigned int rd_count;
   unsigned int i;
 
+  (void) rs;
   rh->dns_request = NULL;
   GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel (rh->task_id);
-  rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_NO_TASK;
+  rh->task_id = NULL;
   p = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_parse ((const char *) dns,
                              dns_len);
   if (NULL == p)
@@ -773,18 +864,39 @@ dns_result_parser (void *cls,
        (GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_CNAME == p->answers[0].type) &&
        (GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_CNAME != rh->record_type) )
     {
+      int af;
+
       GNUNET_free (rh->name);
       rh->name = GNUNET_strdup (p->answers[0].data.hostname);
-      start_resolver_lookup (rh);
+      rh->name_resolution_pos = strlen (rh->name);
+      switch (rh->record_type)
+      {
+      case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A:
+        af = AF_INET;
+        break;
+      case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_AAAA:
+        af = AF_INET6;
+        break;
+      default:
+        af = AF_UNSPEC;
+        break;
+      }
+      GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                  "Doing standard DNS lookup for `%s'\n",
+                  rh->name);
+      rh->std_resolve = GNUNET_RESOLVER_ip_get (rh->name,
+                                                af,
+                                                DNS_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT,
+                                                &handle_dns_result,
+                                                rh);
       GNUNET_DNSPARSER_free_packet (p);
       return;
     }
-  /* FIXME: add DNAME support */
 
   /* convert from (parsed) DNS to (binary) GNS format! */
   rd_count = p->num_answers + p->num_authority_records + p->num_additional_records;
   {
-    struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_RecordData rd[rd_count];
+    struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data rd[rd_count];
     unsigned int skip;
     char buf[UINT16_MAX];
     size_t buf_off;
@@ -800,7 +912,7 @@ dns_result_parser (void *cls,
       else if (i < p->num_answers + p->num_authority_records)
        rec = &p->authority_records[i - p->num_answers];
       else
-       rec = &p->authority_records[i - p->num_answers - p->num_authority_records];
+       rec = &p->additional_records[i - p->num_answers - p->num_authority_records];
       /* As we copied the full DNS name to 'rh->ac_tail->label', this
         should be the correct check to see if this record is actually
         a record for our label... */
@@ -853,22 +965,22 @@ dns_result_parser (void *cls,
          continue;
        }
        rd[i - skip].data_size = buf_off - buf_start;
-       rd[i - skip].data = &buf[buf_start];    
+       rd[i - skip].data = &buf[buf_start];
        break;
       case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_SOA:
        buf_start = buf_off;
        if (GNUNET_OK !=
            GNUNET_DNSPARSER_builder_add_soa (buf,
-                                              sizeof (buf),
-                                              &buf_off,
-                                              rec->data.soa))
+                                              sizeof (buf),
+                                              &buf_off,
+                                              rec->data.soa))
        {
          GNUNET_break (0);
          skip++;
          continue;
        }
        rd[i - skip].data_size = buf_off - buf_start;
-       rd[i - skip].data = &buf[buf_start];    
+       rd[i - skip].data = &buf[buf_start];
        break;
       case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_MX:
        buf_start = buf_off;
@@ -883,7 +995,7 @@ dns_result_parser (void *cls,
          continue;
        }
        rd[i - skip].data_size = buf_off - buf_start;
-       rd[i - skip].data = &buf[buf_start];    
+       rd[i - skip].data = &buf[buf_start];
        break;
       case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_SRV:
        buf_start = buf_off;
@@ -898,7 +1010,7 @@ dns_result_parser (void *cls,
          continue;
        }
        rd[i - skip].data_size = buf_off - buf_start;
-       rd[i - skip].data = &buf[buf_start];    
+       rd[i - skip].data = &buf[buf_start];
        break;
       default:
        GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_INFO,
@@ -908,7 +1020,13 @@ dns_result_parser (void *cls,
        continue;
       }
     }
-    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, rd_count - skip, rd);
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                "Returning DNS response for `%s' with %u answers\n",
+                rh->ac_tail->label,
+                (unsigned int) p->num_answers);
+    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls,
+              rd_count - skip,
+              rd);
     GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
   }
   GNUNET_DNSPARSER_free_packet (p);
@@ -932,6 +1050,7 @@ recursive_dns_resolution (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
   struct GNUNET_DNSPARSER_Packet *p;
   char *dns_request;
   size_t dns_request_length;
+  int ret;
 
   ac = rh->ac_tail;
   GNUNET_assert (NULL != ac);
@@ -964,11 +1083,16 @@ recursive_dns_resolution (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
                                               UINT16_MAX);
   p->flags.opcode = GNUNET_TUN_DNS_OPCODE_QUERY;
   p->flags.recursion_desired = 1;
-  if (GNUNET_OK !=
-      GNUNET_DNSPARSER_pack (p, 1024, &dns_request, &dns_request_length))
+  ret = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_pack (p,
+                              1024,
+                              &dns_request,
+                              &dns_request_length);
+  if (GNUNET_OK != ret)
   {
     GNUNET_break (0);
-    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
+    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls,
+             0,
+             NULL);
     GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
   }
   else
@@ -984,7 +1108,8 @@ recursive_dns_resolution (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
                                                &fail_resolution,
                                                rh);
   }
-  GNUNET_free (dns_request);
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret)
+    GNUNET_free (dns_request);
   GNUNET_DNSPARSER_free_packet (p);
 }
 
@@ -1004,6 +1129,7 @@ handle_gns_cname_result (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh,
   size_t nlen;
   char *res;
   struct AuthorityChain *ac;
+  int af;
 
   nlen = strlen (cname);
   if ( (nlen > 2) &&
@@ -1033,11 +1159,8 @@ handle_gns_cname_result (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh,
     ac->gns_authority = GNUNET_YES;
     ac->authority_info.gns_authority = rh->ac_tail->authority_info.gns_authority;
     ac->label = resolver_lookup_get_next_label (rh);
-    /* tigger shortening */
-    if (NULL != rh->shorten_key)
-      GNS_shorten_start (rh->ac_tail->label,
-                        &ac->authority_info.gns_authority,
-                        rh->shorten_key);
+    ac->suggested_shortening_label = NULL;
+    ac->shortening_started = GNUNET_NO;
     /* add AC to tail */
     GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert_tail (rh->ac_head,
                                      rh->ac_tail,
@@ -1046,10 +1169,30 @@ handle_gns_cname_result (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh,
                                            rh);
     return;
   }
-  /* name is absolute, start from the beginning */
+  /* name is absolute, go to DNS */
   GNUNET_free (rh->name);
   rh->name = GNUNET_strdup (cname);
-  start_resolver_lookup (rh);
+  rh->name_resolution_pos = strlen (rh->name);
+  switch (rh->record_type)
+  {
+  case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A:
+    af = AF_INET;
+    break;
+  case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_AAAA:
+    af = AF_INET6;
+    break;
+  default:
+    af = AF_UNSPEC;
+    break;
+  }
+  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+              "Doing standard DNS lookup for `%s'\n",
+              rh->name);
+  rh->std_resolve = GNUNET_RESOLVER_ip_get (rh->name,
+                                            af,
+                                            DNS_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT,
+                                            &handle_dns_result,
+                                            rh);
 }
 
 
@@ -1063,7 +1206,7 @@ handle_gns_cname_result (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh,
 static void
 handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
                              unsigned int rd_count,
-                             const struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_RecordData *rd);
+                             const struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data *rd);
 
 
 /**
@@ -1087,19 +1230,19 @@ vpn_allocation_cb (void *cls,
 {
   struct VpnContext *vpn_ctx = cls;
   struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = vpn_ctx->rh;
-  struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_RecordData rd[vpn_ctx->rd_count];
+  struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data rd[vpn_ctx->rd_count];
   unsigned int i;
 
   vpn_ctx->vpn_request = NULL;
   rh->vpn_ctx = NULL;
   GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
-                GNUNET_NAMESTORE_records_deserialize (vpn_ctx->rd_data_size,
+                GNUNET_GNSRECORD_records_deserialize (vpn_ctx->rd_data_size,
                                                       vpn_ctx->rd_data,
                                                       vpn_ctx->rd_count,
                                                       rd));
   for (i=0;i<vpn_ctx->rd_count;i++)
   {
-    if (GNUNET_NAMESTORE_TYPE_VPN == rd[i].record_type)
+    if (GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_VPN == rd[i].record_type)
     {
       switch (af)
       {
@@ -1132,6 +1275,213 @@ vpn_allocation_cb (void *cls,
 }
 
 
+/**
+ * We've resolved the IP address for the DNS resolver to use
+ * after encountering a GNS2DNS record.
+ *
+ * TODO: Right now we only foward the request to ONE DNS resolver,
+ * even if we get multiple IP addresses back; a correct implementation
+ * should try all DNS resolvers.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct GNS_ResolverHandle` where we encountered
+ *            the GNS2DNS record
+ * @param rd_count number of records in @a rd
+ * @param rd addresses for the DNS resolver  (presumably)
+ */
+static void
+handle_gns2dns_result (void *cls,
+                       unsigned int rd_count,
+                       const struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data *rd)
+{
+  struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = cls;
+  struct AuthorityChain *ac;
+  struct sockaddr *sa;
+  struct sockaddr_in v4;
+  struct sockaddr_in6 v6;
+  size_t sa_len;
+
+  /* find suitable A/AAAA record */
+  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+              "Received %u results for IP address of DNS server for GNS2DNS transition\n",
+              rd_count);
+  /* enable cleanup of 'rh' handle that comes next... */
+  if (NULL != rh->g2dc->rh)
+  {
+    GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (rlh_head,
+                                 rlh_tail,
+                                 rh->g2dc->rh);
+    rh->g2dc->rh = NULL;
+  }
+  sa = NULL;
+  sa_len = 0;
+  for (unsigned int j=0;j<rd_count;j++)
+  {
+    switch (rd[j].record_type)
+    {
+    case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A:
+      if (sizeof (struct in_addr) != rd[j].data_size)
+      {
+        GNUNET_break_op (0);
+        rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
+        GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
+        return;
+      }
+      /* FIXME: might want to check if we support IPv4 here,
+         and otherwise skip this one and hope we find another */
+      memset (&v4, 0, sizeof (v4));
+      sa_len = sizeof (v4);
+      v4.sin_family = AF_INET;
+      v4.sin_port = htons (53);
+#if HAVE_SOCKADDR_IN_SIN_LEN
+      v4.sin_len = (u_char) sa_len;
+#endif
+      GNUNET_memcpy (&v4.sin_addr,
+              rd[j].data,
+              sizeof (struct in_addr));
+      sa = (struct sockaddr *) &v4;
+      break;
+    case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_AAAA:
+      if (sizeof (struct in6_addr) != rd[j].data_size)
+      {
+        GNUNET_break_op (0);
+        rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
+        GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
+        return;
+      }
+      /* FIXME: might want to check if we support IPv6 here,
+         and otherwise skip this one and hope we find another */
+      memset (&v6, 0, sizeof (v6));
+      sa_len = sizeof (v6);
+      v6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
+      v6.sin6_port = htons (53);
+#if HAVE_SOCKADDR_IN_SIN_LEN
+      v6.sin6_len = (u_char) sa_len;
+#endif
+      GNUNET_memcpy (&v6.sin6_addr,
+              rd[j].data,
+              sizeof (struct in6_addr));
+      sa = (struct sockaddr *) &v6;
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+    if (NULL != sa)
+      break;
+  }
+  if (NULL == sa)
+  {
+    /* we cannot continue; NS without A/AAAA */
+    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
+    GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
+    return;
+  }
+  /* expand authority chain */
+  ac = GNUNET_new (struct AuthorityChain);
+  ac->rh = rh;
+  GNUNET_assert (strlen (rh->g2dc->ns) <= GNUNET_DNSPARSER_MAX_NAME_LENGTH);
+  strcpy (ac->authority_info.dns_authority.name,
+          rh->g2dc->ns);
+  GNUNET_memcpy (&ac->authority_info.dns_authority.dns_ip,
+          sa,
+          sa_len);
+  /* for DNS recursion, the label is the full DNS name,
+     created from the remainder of the GNS name and the
+     name in the NS record */
+  GNUNET_asprintf (&ac->label,
+                   "%.*s%s%s",
+                   (int) rh->name_resolution_pos,
+                   rh->name,
+                   (0 != rh->name_resolution_pos) ? "." : "",
+                   rh->g2dc->ns);
+  GNUNET_free (rh->g2dc->ns);
+  GNUNET_free (rh->g2dc);
+  rh->g2dc = NULL;
+  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+              "Will continue resolution using DNS server `%s' to resolve `%s'\n",
+              GNUNET_a2s (sa,
+                          sa_len),
+              ac->label);
+  GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert_tail (rh->ac_head,
+                                    rh->ac_tail,
+                                    ac);
+  if (strlen (ac->label) > GNUNET_DNSPARSER_MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                _("GNS lookup resulted in DNS name that is too long (`%s')\n"),
+                ac->label);
+    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
+    GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
+    return;
+  }
+  /* recurse */
+  rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&recursive_resolution,
+                                          rh);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called by the resolver for each address obtained from DNS.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure, a `struct Gns2DnsContext *`
+ * @param addr one of the addresses of the host, NULL for the last address
+ * @param addrlen length of @a addr
+ */
+static void
+handle_gns2dns_ip (void *cls,
+                   const struct sockaddr *addr,
+                   socklen_t addrlen)
+{
+  struct Gns2DnsContext *g2dc = cls;
+  struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data rd;
+
+  if (NULL == addr)
+  {
+    /* DNS resolution failed */
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                "Failed to use DNS to resolve name of DNS resolver\n");
+    g2dc->rh->g2dc = NULL;
+    fail_resolution (g2dc->rh);
+    GNUNET_free (g2dc);
+  }
+  switch (addr->sa_family)
+  {
+  case AF_INET:
+    {
+      const struct sockaddr_in *v4 = (const struct sockaddr_in *) addr;
+
+      GNUNET_assert (sizeof (*v4) == addrlen);
+      rd.data = v4;
+      rd.data_size = sizeof (*v4);
+      rd.expiration_time = UINT64_MAX;
+      rd.record_type = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A;
+      rd.flags = 0;
+      break;
+    }
+  case AF_INET6:
+    {
+      const struct sockaddr_in6 *v6 = (const struct sockaddr_in6 *) addr;
+
+      GNUNET_assert (sizeof (*v6) == addrlen);
+      rd.data = v6;
+      rd.data_size = sizeof (v6);
+      rd.expiration_time = UINT64_MAX;
+      rd.record_type = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_AAAA;
+      rd.flags = 0;
+      break;
+    }
+  default:
+    return;
+  }
+  GNUNET_RESOLVER_request_cancel (g2dc->dns_rh);
+  g2dc->dns_rh = NULL;
+  handle_gns2dns_result (g2dc->rh,
+                         1,
+                         &rd);
+
+}
+
+
+
 /**
  * Process a records that were decrypted from a block.
  *
@@ -1142,16 +1492,11 @@ vpn_allocation_cb (void *cls,
 static void
 handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
                              unsigned int rd_count,
-                             const struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_RecordData *rd)
+                             const struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data *rd)
 {
   struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = cls;
   struct AuthorityChain *ac;
-  unsigned int i;
-  unsigned int j;
-  struct sockaddr *sa;
-  struct sockaddr_in v4;
-  struct sockaddr_in6 v6;
-  size_t sa_len;
+  struct AuthorityChain *shorten_ac;
   char *cname;
   struct VpnContext *vpn_ctx;
   const struct GNUNET_TUN_GnsVpnRecord *vpn;
@@ -1162,13 +1507,13 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
   size_t scratch_off;
   size_t scratch_start;
   size_t off;
-  struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_RecordData rd_new[rd_count];
+  struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data rd_new[rd_count];
   unsigned int rd_off;
 
-  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_INFO,
              "Resolution succeeded for `%s' in zone %s, got %u records\n",
              rh->ac_tail->label,
-             GNUNET_NAMESTORE_z2s (&rh->ac_tail->authority_info.gns_authority),
+             GNUNET_GNSRECORD_z2s (&rh->ac_tail->authority_info.gns_authority),
              rd_count);
   if (0 == rh->name_resolution_pos)
   {
@@ -1187,7 +1532,8 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
        GNUNET_break_op (0);
        rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
        GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
-       return;                 
+        GNUNET_free_non_null (cname);
+       return;
       }
       handle_gns_cname_result (rh,
                               cname);
@@ -1199,14 +1545,14 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
     if ( (GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A == rh->record_type) ||
         (GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_AAAA == rh->record_type) )
     {
-      for (i=0;i<rd_count;i++)
+      for (unsigned int i=0;i<rd_count;i++)
       {
        switch (rd[i].record_type)
        {
-       case GNUNET_NAMESTORE_TYPE_VPN:
+       case GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_VPN:
          {
            af = (GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A == rh->record_type) ? AF_INET : AF_INET6;
-           if (sizeof (struct GNUNET_TUN_GnsVpnRecord) <
+           if (sizeof (struct GNUNET_TUN_GnsVpnRecord) >
                rd[i].data_size)
            {
              GNUNET_break_op (0);
@@ -1223,19 +1569,26 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
              GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
              return;
            }
-           GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash (vname,
-                               strlen (vname), // FIXME: +1?
-                               &vhash);
+           GNUNET_TUN_service_name_to_hash (vname,
+                                             &vhash);
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                        "Attempting VPN allocation for %s-%s (AF: %d, proto %d)\n",
+                        GNUNET_i2s (&vpn->peer),
+                        vname,
+                        (int) af,
+                        (int) ntohs (vpn->proto));
            vpn_ctx = GNUNET_new (struct VpnContext);
            rh->vpn_ctx = vpn_ctx;
            vpn_ctx->rh = rh;
-           vpn_ctx->rd_data_size = GNUNET_NAMESTORE_records_get_size (rd_count,
+           vpn_ctx->rd_data_size = GNUNET_GNSRECORD_records_get_size (rd_count,
                                                                       rd);
            vpn_ctx->rd_data = GNUNET_malloc (vpn_ctx->rd_data_size);
-           (void) GNUNET_NAMESTORE_records_serialize (rd_count,
-                                                      rd,
-                                                      vpn_ctx->rd_data_size,
-                                                      vpn_ctx->rd_data);
+            vpn_ctx->rd_count = rd_count;
+           GNUNET_assert (vpn_ctx->rd_data_size ==
+                           (size_t) GNUNET_GNSRECORD_records_serialize (rd_count,
+                                                                       rd,
+                                                                       vpn_ctx->rd_data_size,
+                                                                       vpn_ctx->rd_data));
            vpn_ctx->vpn_request = GNUNET_VPN_redirect_to_peer (vpn_handle,
                                                                af,
                                                                ntohs (vpn->proto),
@@ -1243,29 +1596,39 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
                                                                &vhash,
                                                                GNUNET_TIME_relative_to_absolute (VPN_TIMEOUT),
                                                                &vpn_allocation_cb,
-                                                               rh);
+                                                               vpn_ctx);
            return;
          }
-       case GNUNET_NAMESTORE_TYPE_GNS2DNS:
+       case GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_GNS2DNS:
          {
            /* delegation to DNS */
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                        "Found GNS2DNS record, delegating to DNS!\n");
            goto do_recurse;
          }
        default:
          break;
-       }
-      }
-    }
+       } /* end: switch */
+      } /* end: for rd */
+    } /* end: name_resolution_pos */
     /* convert relative names in record values to absolute names,
        using 'scratch' array for memory allocations */
     scratch_off = 0;
     rd_off = 0;
-    for (i=0;i<rd_count;i++)
+    shorten_ac = rh->ac_tail;
+    for (unsigned int i=0;i<rd_count;i++)
     {
+      GNUNET_assert (rd_off <= i);
+      if ( (0 != rh->protocol) &&
+           (0 != rh->service) &&
+           (GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_BOX != rd[i].record_type) )
+        continue; /* we _only_ care about boxed records */
+
+      GNUNET_assert (rd_off < rd_count);
       rd_new[rd_off] = rd[i];
       /* Check if the embedded name(s) end in "+", and if so,
         replace the "+" with the zone at "ac_tail", changing the name
-        to a ".zkey".  The name is allocated on the 'scratch' array,
+        to a ".ZONEKEY".  The name is allocated on the 'scratch' array,
         so we can free it afterwards. */
       switch (rd[i].record_type)
       {
@@ -1285,6 +1648,7 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
          else
          {
            cname = translate_dot_plus (rh, cname);
+            GNUNET_break (NULL != cname);
            scratch_start = scratch_off;
            if (GNUNET_OK !=
                GNUNET_DNSPARSER_builder_add_name (scratch,
@@ -1296,12 +1660,13 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
            }
            else
            {
+              GNUNET_assert (rd_off < rd_count);
              rd_new[rd_off].data = &scratch[scratch_start];
              rd_new[rd_off].data_size = scratch_off - scratch_start;
              rd_off++;
            }
          }
-         GNUNET_free_non_null (cname); 
+         GNUNET_free_non_null (cname);
        }
        break;
       case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_SOA:
@@ -1332,13 +1697,14 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
            }
            else
            {
+              GNUNET_assert (rd_off < rd_count);
              rd_new[rd_off].data = &scratch[scratch_start];
              rd_new[rd_off].data_size = scratch_off - scratch_start;
              rd_off++;
            }
          }
          if (NULL != soa)
-           GNUNET_DNSPARSER_free_soa (soa);    
+           GNUNET_DNSPARSER_free_soa (soa);
        }
        break;
       case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_MX:
@@ -1368,24 +1734,22 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
            }
            else
            {
+              GNUNET_assert (rd_off < rd_count);
              rd_new[rd_off].data = &scratch[scratch_start];
              rd_new[rd_off].data_size = scratch_off - scratch_start;
              rd_off++;
            }
          }
          if (NULL != mx)
-           GNUNET_DNSPARSER_free_mx (mx);      
-       }       
+           GNUNET_DNSPARSER_free_mx (mx);
+       }
        break;
       case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_SRV:
        {
          struct GNUNET_DNSPARSER_SrvRecord *srv;
 
          off = 0;
-         /* FIXME: passing rh->name here is is not necessarily what we want
-            (SRV support not finished) */
-         srv = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_parse_srv (rh->name,
-                                           rd[i].data,
+         srv = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_parse_srv (rd[i].data,
                                            rd[i].data_size,
                                            &off);
          if ( (NULL == srv) ||
@@ -1395,7 +1759,6 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
          }
          else
          {
-           srv->domain_name = translate_dot_plus (rh, srv->domain_name);
            srv->target = translate_dot_plus (rh, srv->target);
            scratch_start = scratch_off;
            if (GNUNET_OK !=
@@ -1408,53 +1771,131 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
            }
            else
            {
+              GNUNET_assert (rd_off < rd_count);
              rd_new[rd_off].data = &scratch[scratch_start];
              rd_new[rd_off].data_size = scratch_off - scratch_start;
              rd_off++;
            }
          }
          if (NULL != srv)
-           GNUNET_DNSPARSER_free_srv (srv);    
+           GNUNET_DNSPARSER_free_srv (srv);
        }
        break;
-      case GNUNET_NAMESTORE_TYPE_PKEY:
-       /* tigger shortening */
-       if (NULL != rh->shorten_key)
-       {
-         struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey pub;
-       
-         if (rd[i].data_size != sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey))
+
+      case GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_NICK:
+        {
+          const char *nick;
+
+          nick = rd[i].data;
+          if ((rd[i].data_size > 0) &&
+              (nick[rd[i].data_size -1] != '\0'))
+          {
+            GNUNET_break_op (0);
+            break;
+          }
+          if (NULL == shorten_ac->suggested_shortening_label)
+            shorten_ac->suggested_shortening_label = GNUNET_strdup (nick);
+          break;
+        }
+      case GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_PKEY:
+        {
+         struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey pub;
+
+         if (rd[i].data_size != sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey))
          {
            GNUNET_break_op (0);
            break;
          }
-         memcpy (&pub, rd[i].data, rd[i].data_size);
-         GNS_shorten_start (rh->ac_tail->label,
-                            &pub,
-                            rh->shorten_key);
-       }
-       rd_off++;
+         GNUNET_memcpy (&pub, rd[i].data, rd[i].data_size);
+          rd_off++;
+          if (GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_PKEY != rh->record_type)
+          {
+            /* try to resolve "+" */
+            struct AuthorityChain *ac;
+
+            ac = GNUNET_new (struct AuthorityChain);
+            ac->rh = rh;
+            ac->gns_authority = GNUNET_YES;
+            ac->authority_info.gns_authority = pub;
+            ac->label = GNUNET_strdup (GNUNET_GNS_MASTERZONE_STR);
+            ac->suggested_shortening_label = NULL;
+            ac->shortening_started = GNUNET_NO;
+            GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert_tail (rh->ac_head,
+                                              rh->ac_tail,
+                                              ac);
+            rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&recursive_resolution,
+                                                    rh);
+            return;
+          }
+        }
        break;
+      case GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_GNS2DNS:
+        {
+          /* delegation to DNS */
+          if (GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_GNS2DNS == rh->record_type)
+          {
+            rd_off++;
+            break; /* do not follow to DNS, we wanted the GNS2DNS record! */
+          }
+          GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                      "Found GNS2DNS record, delegating to DNS!\n");
+          goto do_recurse;
+        }
+      case GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_BOX:
+        {
+          /* unbox SRV/TLSA records if a specific one was requested */
+          if ( (0 != rh->protocol) &&
+               (0 != rh->service) &&
+               (rd[i].data_size >= sizeof (struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_BoxRecord)) )
+          {
+            const struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_BoxRecord *box;
+
+            box = rd[i].data;
+            if ( (ntohs (box->protocol) == rh->protocol) &&
+                 (ntohs (box->service) == rh->service) )
+            {
+              /* Box matches, unbox! */
+              GNUNET_assert (rd_off < rd_count);
+              rd_new[rd_off].record_type = ntohl (box->record_type);
+              rd_new[rd_off].data_size -= sizeof (struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_BoxRecord);
+              rd_new[rd_off].data = &box[1];
+              rd_off++;
+            }
+          }
+          else
+          {
+            /* no specific protocol/service specified, preserve all BOX
+               records (for modern, GNS-enabled applications) */
+            rd_off++;
+          }
+          break;
+        }
       default:
        rd_off++;
        break;
-      }
-    }
+      } /* end: switch */
+    } /* end: for rd_count */
 
     /* yes, we are done, return result */
-    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, rd_off, rd_new);
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                "Returning GNS response for `%s' with %u answers\n",
+                rh->ac_tail->label,
+                rd_off);
+    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls,
+              rd_off,
+              rd_new);
     GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
     return;
   }
  do_recurse:
   /* need to recurse, check if we can */
-  for (i=0;i<rd_count;i++)
+  for (unsigned int i=0;i<rd_count;i++)
   {
     switch (rd[i].record_type)
     {
-    case GNUNET_NAMESTORE_TYPE_PKEY:
+    case GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_PKEY:
       /* delegation to another zone */
-      if (sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey) !=
+      if (sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey) !=
          rd[i].data_size)
       {
        GNUNET_break_op (0);
@@ -1466,15 +1907,12 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
       ac = GNUNET_new (struct AuthorityChain);
       ac->rh = rh;
       ac->gns_authority = GNUNET_YES;
-      memcpy (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority,
+      ac->suggested_shortening_label = NULL;
+      ac->shortening_started = GNUNET_NO;
+      GNUNET_memcpy (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority,
              rd[i].data,
-             sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey));
+             sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey));
       ac->label = resolver_lookup_get_next_label (rh);
-      /* tigger shortening */
-      if (NULL != rh->shorten_key)
-       GNS_shorten_start (rh->ac_tail->label,
-                          &ac->authority_info.gns_authority,
-                          rh->shorten_key);
       /* add AC to tail */
       GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert_tail (rh->ac_head,
                                        rh->ac_tail,
@@ -1483,132 +1921,130 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
       rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&recursive_resolution,
                                              rh);
       return;
-    case GNUNET_NAMESTORE_TYPE_GNS2DNS:
+    case GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_GNS2DNS:
       {
-       char *ns;
        /* resolution continues within DNS */
-       if (GNUNET_DNSPARSER_MAX_NAME_LENGTH < rd[i].data_size)
-       {
-         GNUNET_break_op (0);
-         rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
-         GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
-         return;
-       }
-       /* find associated A/AAAA record */
-       sa = NULL;
-       sa_len = 0;
-       for (j=0;j<rd_count;j++)
-       {
-         switch (rd[j].record_type)
-           {
-           case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A:
-             if (sizeof (struct in_addr) != rd[j].data_size)
-             {
-               GNUNET_break_op (0);
-               rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
-               GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
-               return;
-             }
-             /* FIXME: might want to check if we support IPv4 here,
-                and otherwise skip this one and hope we find another */
-             memset (&v4, 0, sizeof (v4));
-             sa_len = sizeof (v4);
-             v4.sin_family = AF_INET;
-             v4.sin_port = htons (53);
-#if HAVE_SOCKADDR_IN_SIN_LEN
-             v4.sin_len = (u_char) sa_len;
-#endif
-             memcpy (&v4.sin_addr,
-                     rd[j].data,
-                     sizeof (struct in_addr));
-             sa = (struct sockaddr *) &v4;
-             break;
-           case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_AAAA:
-             if (sizeof (struct in6_addr) != rd[j].data_size)
-             {
-               GNUNET_break_op (0);
-               rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
-               GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
-               return;
-             }
-             /* FIXME: might want to check if we support IPv6 here,
-                and otherwise skip this one and hope we find another */
-             memset (&v6, 0, sizeof (v6));
-             sa_len = sizeof (v6);
-             v6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
-             v6.sin6_port = htons (53);
-#if HAVE_SOCKADDR_IN_SIN_LEN
-             v6.sin6_len = (u_char) sa_len;
-#endif
-             memcpy (&v6.sin6_addr,
-                     rd[j].data,
-                     sizeof (struct in6_addr));
-             sa = (struct sockaddr *) &v6;
-             break;
-           default:
-             break;
-           }
-         if (NULL != sa)
-           break;
-       }
-       if (NULL == sa)
-       {
-         /* we cannot continue; NS without A/AAAA */
-         rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
-         GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
-         return;
-       }
-       /* expand authority chain */
-       ac = GNUNET_new (struct AuthorityChain);
-       ac->rh = rh;
-       off = 0;
-       ns = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_parse_name (rd[i].data,
-                                         rd[i].data_size,
-                                         &off);
-       if ( (NULL == ns) ||
-            (off != rd[i].data_size) )
-       {
-         GNUNET_break_op (0); /* record not well-formed */
-         rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
-         GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
-         return;
-       }
-       strcpy (ac->authority_info.dns_authority.name,
-               ns);
-       memcpy (&ac->authority_info.dns_authority.dns_ip,
-               sa,
-               sa_len);
-       /* for DNS recursion, the label is the full DNS name,
-          created from the remainder of the GNS name and the
-          name in the NS record */
-       GNUNET_asprintf (&ac->label,
-                        "%.*s%s%s",
-                        (int) rh->name_resolution_pos,
-                        rh->name,
-                        (0 != rh->name_resolution_pos) ? "." : "",
-                        ns);
-       GNUNET_free (ns);
-       GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert_tail (rh->ac_head,
-                                         rh->ac_tail,
-                                         ac);
-       if (strlen (ac->label) > GNUNET_DNSPARSER_MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
-       {
-         GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
-                     _("GNS lookup resulted in DNS name that is too long (`%s')\n"),
-                     ac->label);
-         rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
-         GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
-         return;
-       }
-       /* recurse */
-       rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&recursive_resolution,
-                                               rh);
+        struct Gns2DnsContext *g2dc;
+        char *ip;
+        char *ns;
+        const char *tld;
+        struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey zone;
+        struct in_addr v4;
+        struct in6_addr v6;
+
+        off = 0;
+        ns = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_parse_name (rd[i].data,
+                                          rd[i].data_size,
+                                          &off);
+        ip = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_parse_name (rd[i].data,
+                                          rd[i].data_size,
+                                          &off);
+        if ( (NULL == ns) ||
+             (NULL == ip) ||
+             (off != rd[i].data_size) )
+        {
+          GNUNET_break_op (0);
+          GNUNET_free_non_null (ns);
+          GNUNET_free_non_null (ip);
+          fail_resolution (rh);
+          return;
+        }
+        /* resolve 'ip' to determine the IP(s) of the DNS
+           resolver to use for lookup of 'ns' */
+        g2dc = GNUNET_new (struct Gns2DnsContext);
+        g2dc->ns = ns;
+        rh->g2dc = g2dc;
+
+        /* check if 'ip' is already an IPv4/IPv6 address */
+        if (1 == inet_pton (AF_INET,
+                            ip,
+                            &v4))
+        {
+          /* name is IPv4 address, pretend it's an A record */
+          struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data rd;
+
+          GNUNET_free (ip);
+          rd.data = &v4;
+          rd.data_size = sizeof (v4);
+          rd.expiration_time = UINT64_MAX;
+          rd.record_type = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A;
+          rd.flags = 0;
+          handle_gns2dns_result (rh,
+                                 1,
+                                 &rd);
+          return;
+        }
+        if (1 == inet_pton (AF_INET6,
+                            ip,
+                            &v6))
+        {
+          /* name is IPv6 address, pretend it's an AAAA record */
+          struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data rd;
+
+          GNUNET_free (ip);
+          rd.data = &v6;
+          rd.data_size = sizeof (v6);
+          rd.expiration_time = UINT64_MAX;
+          rd.record_type = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_AAAA;
+          rd.flags = 0;
+          handle_gns2dns_result (rh,
+                                 1,
+                                 &rd);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        tld = GNS_get_tld (ip);
+        if (0 != strcmp (tld,
+                         "+"))
+        {
+          /* 'ip' is a DNS name */
+          g2dc->dns_rh = GNUNET_RESOLVER_ip_get (ip,
+                                                 AF_UNSPEC,
+                                                 GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_FOREVER_REL,
+                                                 &handle_gns2dns_ip,
+                                                 g2dc);
+          GNUNET_free (ip);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        /* 'ip' should be a GNS name */
+        g2dc->rh = GNUNET_new (struct GNS_ResolverHandle);
+
+        ip = translate_dot_plus (rh,
+                                 ip);
+        tld = GNS_get_tld (ip);
+        if (GNUNET_OK !=
+            GNUNET_GNSRECORD_zkey_to_pkey (tld,
+                                           &zone))
+        {
+          GNUNET_break_op (0);
+          GNUNET_free_non_null (ns);
+          GNUNET_free_non_null (ip);
+          GNUNET_free (g2dc);
+          fail_resolution (rh);
+          return;
+        }
+        g2dc->rh->authority_zone = zone;
+        GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                    "Resolving `%s' to determine IP address of DNS server for GNS2DNS transition for `%s'\n",
+                    ip,
+                    ns);
+        g2dc->rh->name = ip;
+        g2dc->rh->name_resolution_pos = strlen (ip) - strlen (tld) - 1;
+        g2dc->rh->proc = &handle_gns2dns_result;
+        g2dc->rh->proc_cls = rh;
+        g2dc->rh->record_type = GNUNET_GNSRECORD_TYPE_ANY;
+        g2dc->rh->options = GNUNET_GNS_LO_DEFAULT;
+        g2dc->rh->loop_limiter = rh->loop_limiter + 1;
+        g2dc->rh->task_id
+         = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&start_resolver_lookup,
+                                     g2dc->rh);
        return;
       }
     case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_CNAME:
       {
        char *cname;
-       
+
        off = 0;
        cname = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_parse_name (rd[i].data,
                                             rd[i].data_size,
@@ -1635,7 +2071,9 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
   }
   GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
              _("GNS lookup recursion failed (no delegation record found)\n"));
-  rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
+  rh->proc (rh->proc_cls,
+            0,
+            NULL);
   GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
 }
 
@@ -1649,14 +2087,14 @@ handle_gns_resolution_result (void *cls,
  * @param emsg error message
  */
 static void
-namestore_cache_continuation (void *cls,
+namecache_cache_continuation (void *cls,
                              int32_t success,
                              const char *emsg)
 {
   struct CacheOps *co = cls;
 
-  co->namestore_qe_cache = NULL;
-  if (NULL != emsg)
+  co->namecache_qe_cache = NULL;
+  if (GNUNET_OK != success)
     GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
                _("Failed to cache GNS resolution: %s\n"),
                emsg);
@@ -1693,20 +2131,28 @@ handle_dht_response (void *cls,
                     const struct GNUNET_PeerIdentity *put_path,
                     unsigned int put_path_length,
                     enum GNUNET_BLOCK_Type type,
-                    size_t size, const void *data)
+                    size_t size,
+                    const void *data)
 {
   struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = cls;
   struct AuthorityChain *ac = rh->ac_tail;
-  const struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_Block *block;
+  const struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Block *block;
   struct CacheOps *co;
 
+  (void) exp;
+  (void) key;
+  (void) get_path;
+  (void) get_path_length;
+  (void) put_path;
+  (void) put_path_length;
+  (void) type;
   GNUNET_DHT_get_stop (rh->get_handle);
   rh->get_handle = NULL;
   GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_remove_node (rh->dht_heap_node);
   rh->dht_heap_node = NULL;
   GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
              "Handling response from the DHT\n");
-  if (size < sizeof (struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_Block))
+  if (size < sizeof (struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Block))
   {
     /* how did this pass DHT block validation!? */
     GNUNET_break (0);
@@ -1717,8 +2163,8 @@ handle_dht_response (void *cls,
   block = data;
   if (size !=
       ntohl (block->purpose.size) +
-      sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey) +
-      sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccSignature))
+      sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey) +
+      sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaSignature))
   {
     /* how did this pass DHT block validation!? */
     GNUNET_break (0);
@@ -1727,7 +2173,7 @@ handle_dht_response (void *cls,
     return;
   }
   if (GNUNET_OK !=
-      GNUNET_NAMESTORE_block_decrypt (block,
+      GNUNET_GNSRECORD_block_decrypt (block,
                                      &ac->authority_info.gns_authority,
                                      ac->label,
                                      &handle_gns_resolution_result,
@@ -1738,13 +2184,19 @@ handle_dht_response (void *cls,
     GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
     return;
   }
+  if (0 == GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_remaining (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_ntoh (block->expiration_time)).rel_value_us)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                "Received expired block from the DHT, will not cache it.\n");
+    return;
+  }
   /* Cache well-formed blocks */
   GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-             "Caching response from the DHT in namestore\n");
+             "Caching response from the DHT in namecache\n");
   co = GNUNET_new (struct CacheOps);
-  co->namestore_qe_cache = GNUNET_NAMESTORE_block_cache (namestore_handle,
+  co->namecache_qe_cache = GNUNET_NAMECACHE_block_cache (namecache_handle,
                                                         block,
-                                                        &namestore_cache_continuation,
+                                                        &namecache_cache_continuation,
                                                         co);
   GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (co_head,
                               co_tail,
@@ -1753,57 +2205,101 @@ handle_dht_response (void *cls,
 
 
 /**
- * Process a record that was stored in the namestore.
+ * Initiate a DHT query for a set of GNS records.
+ *
+ * @param rh resolution handle
+ * @param query key to use in the DHT lookup
+ */
+static void
+start_dht_request (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh,
+                   const struct GNUNET_HashCode *query)
+{
+  struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rx;
+
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL == rh->get_handle);
+  rh->get_handle = GNUNET_DHT_get_start (dht_handle,
+                                         GNUNET_BLOCK_TYPE_GNS_NAMERECORD,
+                                         query,
+                                         DHT_GNS_REPLICATION_LEVEL,
+                                         GNUNET_DHT_RO_DEMULTIPLEX_EVERYWHERE,
+                                         NULL, 0,
+                                         &handle_dht_response, rh);
+  rh->dht_heap_node = GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_insert (dht_lookup_heap,
+                                                    rh,
+                                                    GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ().abs_value_us);
+  if (GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_get_size (dht_lookup_heap) > max_allowed_background_queries)
+  {
+    /* fail longest-standing DHT request */
+    rx = GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_peek (dht_lookup_heap);
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL != rx);
+    rx->proc (rx->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
+    GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rx);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Process a records that were decrypted from a block that we got from
+ * the namecache.  Simply calls #handle_gns_resolution_result().
  *
  * @param cls closure with the `struct GNS_ResolverHandle`
- * @param block block that was stored in the namestore
+ * @param rd_count number of entries in @a rd array
+ * @param rd array of records with data to store
  */
 static void
-handle_namestore_block_response (void *cls,
-                                const struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_Block *block)
+handle_gns_namecache_resolution_result (void *cls,
+                                        unsigned int rd_count,
+                                        const struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data *rd)
+{
+  struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = cls;
+
+  handle_gns_resolution_result (rh,
+                                rd_count,
+                                rd);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Process a record that was stored in the namecache.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure with the `struct GNS_ResolverHandle`
+ * @param block block that was stored in the namecache
+ */
+static void
+handle_namecache_block_response (void *cls,
+                                const struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Block *block)
 {
   struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = cls;
-  struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rx;
   struct AuthorityChain *ac = rh->ac_tail;
   const char *label = ac->label;
-  const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey *auth = &ac->authority_info.gns_authority;
+  const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey *auth = &ac->authority_info.gns_authority;
   struct GNUNET_HashCode query;
 
-  GNUNET_NAMESTORE_query_from_public_key (auth,
-                                         label,
-                                         &query);
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != rh->namestore_qe);
-  rh->namestore_qe = NULL;
-  if ( (GNUNET_NO == rh->only_cached) &&
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != rh->namecache_qe);
+  rh->namecache_qe = NULL;
+  if ( ( (GNUNET_GNS_LO_DEFAULT == rh->options) ||
+        ( (GNUNET_GNS_LO_LOCAL_MASTER == rh->options) &&
+          (ac != rh->ac_head) ) ) &&
        ( (NULL == block) ||
         (0 == GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_remaining (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_ntoh (block->expiration_time)).rel_value_us) ) )
   {
-    /* Namestore knows nothing; try DHT lookup */
+    /* namecache knows nothing; try DHT lookup */
+    GNUNET_GNSRECORD_query_from_public_key (auth,
+                                            label,
+                                            &query);
     GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-               "Starting DHT lookup for `%s' in zone %s\n",
-               ac->label,
-               GNUNET_NAMESTORE_z2s (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority));
-    GNUNET_assert (NULL == rh->get_handle);
-    rh->get_handle = GNUNET_DHT_get_start (dht_handle,
-                                          GNUNET_BLOCK_TYPE_GNS_NAMERECORD,
-                                          &query,
-                                          DHT_GNS_REPLICATION_LEVEL,
-                                          GNUNET_DHT_RO_DEMULTIPLEX_EVERYWHERE,
-                                          NULL, 0,
-                                          &handle_dht_response, rh);
-    rh->dht_heap_node = GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_insert (dht_lookup_heap,
-                                                     rh,
-                                                     GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ().abs_value_us);
-    if (GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_get_size (dht_lookup_heap) > max_allowed_background_queries)
-    {
-      /* fail longest-standing DHT request */
-      rx = GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_peek (dht_lookup_heap);
-      GNUNET_assert (NULL != rx);
-      rx->proc (rx->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
-      GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rx);
-    }
+                "Starting DHT lookup for `%s' in zone `%s' under key `%s'\n",
+                ac->label,
+                GNUNET_GNSRECORD_z2s (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority),
+                GNUNET_h2s (&query));
+    start_dht_request (rh, &query);
     return;
   }
+
+  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+              "Received result from namecache for label `%s'\n",
+              ac->label);
+
   if ( (NULL == block) ||
        (0 == GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_remaining (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_ntoh (block->expiration_time)).rel_value_us) )
   {
@@ -1811,35 +2307,41 @@ handle_namestore_block_response (void *cls,
     GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
                "Resolution failed for `%s' in zone %s (DHT lookup not permitted by configuration)\n",
                ac->label,
-               GNUNET_NAMESTORE_z2s (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority));
+               GNUNET_GNSRECORD_z2s (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority));
     rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
     GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
     return;
   }
-  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-             "Decrypting block from the namestore\n");
   if (GNUNET_OK !=
-      GNUNET_NAMESTORE_block_decrypt (block,
+      GNUNET_GNSRECORD_block_decrypt (block,
                                      auth,
                                      label,
-                                     &handle_gns_resolution_result,
+                                     &handle_gns_namecache_resolution_result,
                                      rh))
   {
     GNUNET_break_op (0); /* block was ill-formed */
-    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
-    GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
+    /* try DHT instead */
+    GNUNET_GNSRECORD_query_from_public_key (auth,
+                                            label,
+                                            &query);
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                "Starting DHT lookup for `%s' in zone `%s' under key `%s'\n",
+                ac->label,
+                GNUNET_GNSRECORD_z2s (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority),
+                GNUNET_h2s (&query));
+    start_dht_request (rh, &query);
     return;
   }
 }
 
 
 /**
- * Lookup tail of our authority chain in the namestore.
+ * Lookup tail of our authority chain in the namecache.
  *
  * @param rh query we are processing
  */
 static void
-recursive_gns_resolution_namestore (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
+recursive_gns_resolution_namecache (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
 {
   struct AuthorityChain *ac = rh->ac_tail;
   struct GNUNET_HashCode query;
@@ -1847,15 +2349,71 @@ recursive_gns_resolution_namestore (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
   GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
              "Starting GNS resolution for `%s' in zone %s\n",
              ac->label,
-             GNUNET_NAMESTORE_z2s (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority));
-  GNUNET_NAMESTORE_query_from_public_key (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority,
+             GNUNET_GNSRECORD_z2s (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority));
+  GNUNET_GNSRECORD_query_from_public_key (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority,
                                          ac->label,
                                          &query);
-  rh->namestore_qe = GNUNET_NAMESTORE_lookup_block (namestore_handle,
-                                                   &query,
-                                                   &handle_namestore_block_response,
-                                                   rh);
-  GNUNET_assert (NULL != rh->namestore_qe);
+  if (GNUNET_YES == use_cache)
+  {
+    rh->namecache_qe
+      = GNUNET_NAMECACHE_lookup_block (namecache_handle,
+                                       &query,
+                                       &handle_namecache_block_response,
+                                       rh);
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL != rh->namecache_qe);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    start_dht_request (rh, &query);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called with the result from a revocation check.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct GNS_ResovlerHandle`
+ * @param is_valid #GNUNET_YES if the zone was not yet revoked
+ */
+static void
+handle_revocation_result (void *cls,
+                          int is_valid)
+{
+  struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = cls;
+  struct AuthorityChain *ac = rh->ac_tail;
+
+  rh->rev_check = NULL;
+  if (GNUNET_YES != is_valid)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                _("Zone %s was revoked, resolution fails\n"),
+                GNUNET_GNSRECORD_z2s (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority));
+    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 0, NULL);
+    GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
+    return;
+  }
+  recursive_gns_resolution_namecache (rh);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Perform revocation check on tail of our authority chain.
+ *
+ * @param rh query we are processing
+ */
+static void
+recursive_gns_resolution_revocation (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
+{
+  struct AuthorityChain *ac = rh->ac_tail;
+
+  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+             "Starting revocation check for zone %s\n",
+             GNUNET_GNSRECORD_z2s (&ac->authority_info.gns_authority));
+  rh->rev_check = GNUNET_REVOCATION_query (cfg,
+                                           &ac->authority_info.gns_authority,
+                                           &handle_revocation_result,
+                                           rh);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != rh->rev_check);
 }
 
 
@@ -1863,15 +2421,13 @@ recursive_gns_resolution_namestore (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
  * Task scheduled to continue with the resolution process.
  *
  * @param cls the `struct GNS_ResolverHandle` of the resolution
- * @param tc task context
  */
 static void
-recursive_resolution (void *cls,
-                     const struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_TaskContext *tc)
+recursive_resolution (void *cls)
 {
   struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = cls;
 
-  rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_NO_TASK;
+  rh->task_id = NULL;
   if (MAX_RECURSION < rh->loop_limiter++)
   {
     GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
@@ -1882,7 +2438,7 @@ recursive_resolution (void *cls,
     return;
   }
   if (GNUNET_YES == rh->ac_tail->gns_authority)
-    recursive_gns_resolution_namestore (rh);
+    recursive_gns_resolution_revocation (rh);
   else
     recursive_dns_resolution (rh);
 }
@@ -1892,82 +2448,57 @@ recursive_resolution (void *cls,
  * Begin the resolution process from 'name', starting with
  * the identification of the zone specified by 'name'.
  *
- * @param rh resolution to perform
+ * @param cls the `struct GNS_ResolverHandle`
  */
 static void
-start_resolver_lookup (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
+start_resolver_lookup (void *cls)
 {
+  struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh = cls;
   struct AuthorityChain *ac;
-  char *x;
-  char *y;
-  char *pkey;
-
-  if ( ( (GNUNET_YES == is_canonical (rh->name)) &&
-        (0 != strcmp (GNUNET_GNS_TLD, rh->name)) ) ||
-       ( (GNUNET_YES != is_gnu_tld (rh->name)) &&
-        (GNUNET_YES != is_zkey_tld (rh->name)) ) )
-  {
-    /* use standard DNS lookup */
-    int af;
+  struct in_addr v4;
+  struct in6_addr v6;
 
-    switch (rh->record_type)
-    {
-    case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A:
-      af = AF_INET;
-      break;
-    case GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_AAAA:
-      af = AF_INET6;
-      break;
-    default:
-      af = AF_UNSPEC;
-      break;
-    }
-    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-               "Doing standard DNS lookup for `%s'\n",
-               rh->name);
-    rh->std_resolve = GNUNET_RESOLVER_ip_get (rh->name,
-                                             af,
-                                             DNS_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT,
-                                             &handle_dns_result,
-                                             rh);
-    return;
-  }
-  if (is_zkey_tld (rh->name))
+  rh->task_id = NULL;
+  if (1 == inet_pton (AF_INET,
+                      rh->name,
+                      &v4))
   {
-    /* Name ends with ".zkey", try to replace authority zone with zkey
-       authority */
-    GNUNET_free (resolver_lookup_get_next_label (rh)); /* will return "zkey" */
-    x = resolver_lookup_get_next_label (rh); /* will return 'x' coordinate */
-    y = resolver_lookup_get_next_label (rh); /* will return 'y' coordinate */
-    GNUNET_asprintf (&pkey,
-                    "%s%s",
-                    x, y);
-    if ( (NULL == x) ||
-        (NULL == y) ||
-        (GNUNET_OK !=
-         GNUNET_CRYPTO_ecc_public_sign_key_from_string (pkey,
-                                                   strlen (pkey),
-                                                   &rh->authority_zone)) )
-    {
-      GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
-                 _("Hostname `%s' is not well-formed, resolution fails\n"),
-                 rh->name);
-      rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&fail_resolution, rh);
-    }
-    GNUNET_free_non_null (x);
-    GNUNET_free_non_null (y);
-    GNUNET_free (pkey);
+    /* name is IPv4 address, pretend it's an A record */
+    struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data rd;
+
+    rd.data = &v4;
+    rd.data_size = sizeof (v4);
+    rd.expiration_time = UINT64_MAX;
+    rd.record_type = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_A;
+    rd.flags = 0;
+    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 1, &rd);
+    GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
+    return;
   }
-  else
+  if (1 == inet_pton (AF_INET6,
+                      rh->name,
+                      &v6))
   {
-    /* Name ends with ".gnu", eat ".gnu" and continue with resolution */
-    GNUNET_free (resolver_lookup_get_next_label (rh));
+    /* name is IPv6 address, pretend it's an AAAA record */
+    struct GNUNET_GNSRECORD_Data rd;
+
+    rd.data = &v6;
+    rd.data_size = sizeof (v6);
+    rd.expiration_time = UINT64_MAX;
+    rd.record_type = GNUNET_DNSPARSER_TYPE_AAAA;
+    rd.flags = 0;
+    rh->proc (rh->proc_cls, 1, &rd);
+    GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh);
+    return;
   }
+
   ac = GNUNET_new (struct AuthorityChain);
   ac->rh = rh;
   ac->label = resolver_lookup_get_next_label (rh);
+  ac->suggested_shortening_label = NULL;
   if (NULL == ac->label)
-    /* name was just "gnu", so we default to label '+' */
+    /* name was just the "TLD", so we default to label
+       #GNUNET_GNS_MASTERZONE_STR */
     ac->label = GNUNET_strdup (GNUNET_GNS_MASTERZONE_STR);
   ac->gns_authority = GNUNET_YES;
   ac->authority_info.gns_authority = rh->authority_zone;
@@ -1986,26 +2517,23 @@ start_resolver_lookup (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
  * @param zone the zone to perform the lookup in
  * @param record_type the record type to look up
  * @param name the name to look up
- * @param shorten_key a private key for use with PSEU import (can be NULL)
- * @param only_cached #GNUNET_NO to only check locally not DHT for performance
+ * @param options local options to control local lookup
  * @param proc the processor to call on result
  * @param proc_cls the closure to pass to @a proc
  * @return handle to cancel operation
  */
 struct GNS_ResolverHandle *
-GNS_resolver_lookup (const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey *zone,
+GNS_resolver_lookup (const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EcdsaPublicKey *zone,
                     uint32_t record_type,
                     const char *name,
-                    const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPrivateKey *shorten_key,
-                    int only_cached,
-                    GNS_ResultProcessor proc, void *proc_cls)
+                    enum GNUNET_GNS_LocalOptions options,
+                    GNS_ResultProcessor proc,
+                    void *proc_cls)
 {
   struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh;
 
   GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
-             (NULL == shorten_key)
-             ? "Starting lookup for `%s' with shortening disabled\n"
-             : "Starting lookup for `%s' with shortening enabled\n",
+              "Starting lookup for `%s'\n",
              name);
   rh = GNUNET_new (struct GNS_ResolverHandle);
   GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (rlh_head,
@@ -2014,16 +2542,12 @@ GNS_resolver_lookup (const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPublicSignKey *zone,
   rh->authority_zone = *zone;
   rh->proc = proc;
   rh->proc_cls = proc_cls;
-  rh->only_cached = only_cached;
+  rh->options = options;
   rh->record_type = record_type;
   rh->name = GNUNET_strdup (name);
   rh->name_resolution_pos = strlen (name);
-  if (NULL != shorten_key)
-  {
-    rh->shorten_key = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccPrivateKey);
-    *rh->shorten_key = *shorten_key;
-  }
-  start_resolver_lookup (rh);
+  rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_add_now (&start_resolver_lookup,
+                                         rh);
   return rh;
 }
 
@@ -2049,12 +2573,35 @@ GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
                                 rh->ac_tail,
                                 ac);
     GNUNET_free (ac->label);
+    GNUNET_free_non_null (ac->suggested_shortening_label);
     GNUNET_free (ac);
   }
-  if (GNUNET_SCHEDULER_NO_TASK != rh->task_id)
+  if (NULL != rh->g2dc)
+  {
+    /* rh->g2dc->rh is NOT in the DLL yet, so to enable us
+       using GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel here, we need to
+       add it first... */
+    if (NULL != rh->g2dc->rh)
+    {
+      GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_insert (rlh_head,
+                                   rlh_tail,
+                                   rh->g2dc->rh);
+      GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (rh->g2dc->rh);
+      rh->g2dc->rh = NULL;
+    }
+    if (NULL != rh->g2dc->dns_rh)
+    {
+      GNUNET_RESOLVER_request_cancel (rh->g2dc->dns_rh);
+      rh->g2dc->rh = NULL;
+    }
+    GNUNET_free (rh->g2dc->ns);
+    GNUNET_free (rh->g2dc);
+    rh->g2dc = NULL;
+  }
+  if (NULL != rh->task_id)
   {
     GNUNET_SCHEDULER_cancel (rh->task_id);
-    rh->task_id = GNUNET_SCHEDULER_NO_TASK;
+    rh->task_id = NULL;
   }
   if (NULL != rh->get_handle)
   {
@@ -2077,10 +2624,15 @@ GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
     GNUNET_DNSSTUB_resolve_cancel (rh->dns_request);
     rh->dns_request = NULL;
   }
-  if (NULL != rh->namestore_qe)
+  if (NULL != rh->namecache_qe)
+  {
+    GNUNET_NAMECACHE_cancel (rh->namecache_qe);
+    rh->namecache_qe = NULL;
+  }
+  if (NULL != rh->rev_check)
   {
-    GNUNET_NAMESTORE_cancel (rh->namestore_qe);
-    rh->namestore_qe = NULL;
+    GNUNET_REVOCATION_query_cancel (rh->rev_check);
+    rh->rev_check = NULL;
   }
   if (NULL != rh->std_resolve)
   {
@@ -2096,7 +2648,6 @@ GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
                                 dr);
     GNUNET_free (dr);
   }
-  GNUNET_free_non_null (rh->shorten_key);
   GNUNET_free (rh->name);
   GNUNET_free (rh);
 }
@@ -2108,13 +2659,13 @@ GNS_resolver_lookup_cancel (struct GNS_ResolverHandle *rh)
 /**
  * Initialize the resolver
  *
- * @param nh the namestore handle
+ * @param nc the namecache handle
  * @param dht the dht handle
  * @param c configuration handle
  * @param max_bg_queries maximum number of parallel background queries in dht
  */
 void
-GNS_resolver_init (struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_Handle *nh,
+GNS_resolver_init (struct GNUNET_NAMECACHE_Handle *nc,
                   struct GNUNET_DHT_Handle *dht,
                   const struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *c,
                   unsigned long long max_bg_queries)
@@ -2122,11 +2673,20 @@ GNS_resolver_init (struct GNUNET_NAMESTORE_Handle *nh,
   char *dns_ip;
 
   cfg = c;
-  namestore_handle = nh;
+  namecache_handle = nc;
   dht_handle = dht;
   dht_lookup_heap =
     GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_create (GNUNET_CONTAINER_HEAP_ORDER_MIN);
   max_allowed_background_queries = max_bg_queries;
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR == (use_cache =
+                        GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_get_value_yesno (c,
+                                                              "gns",
+                                                              "USE_CACHE")))
+    use_cache = GNUNET_YES;
+  if (GNUNET_NO == use_cache)
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                "Namecache disabled\n");
+
   if (GNUNET_OK !=
       GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_get_value_string (c,
                                             "gns",
@@ -2162,7 +2722,7 @@ GNS_resolver_done ()
     GNUNET_CONTAINER_DLL_remove (co_head,
                                 co_tail,
                                 co);
-    GNUNET_NAMESTORE_cancel (co->namestore_qe_cache);
+    GNUNET_NAMECACHE_cancel (co->namecache_qe_cache);
     GNUNET_free (co);
   }
   GNUNET_CONTAINER_heap_destroy (dht_lookup_heap);
@@ -2172,30 +2732,7 @@ GNS_resolver_done ()
   GNUNET_VPN_disconnect (vpn_handle);
   vpn_handle = NULL;
   dht_handle = NULL;
-  namestore_handle = NULL;
-}
-
-
-/* *************** common helper functions (do not really belong here) *********** */
-
-/**
- * Checks if @a name ends in ".TLD"
- *
- * @param name the name to check
- * @param tld the TLD to check for
- * @return GNUNET_YES or GNUNET_NO
- */
-int
-is_tld (const char* name, const char* tld)
-{
-  size_t offset = 0;
-
-  if (strlen (name) <= strlen (tld))
-    return GNUNET_NO;
-  offset = strlen (name) - strlen (tld);
-  if (0 != strcmp (name + offset, tld))
-    return GNUNET_NO;
-  return GNUNET_YES;
+  namecache_handle = NULL;
 }