include/linux/jump_label.h

   1 #ifndef _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H
   2 #define _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H
   3
   4 /*
   5  * Jump label support
   6  *
   7  * Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
   8  * Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Peter Zijlstra <pzijlstr@redhat.com>
   9  *
  10  * DEPRECATED API:
  11  *
  12  * The use of 'struct static_key' directly, is now DEPRECATED. In addition
  13  * static_key_{true,false}() is also DEPRECATED. IE DO NOT use the following:
  14  *
  15  * struct static_key false = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE;
  16  * struct static_key true = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE;
  17  * static_key_true()
  18  * static_key_false()
  19  *
  20  * The updated API replacements are:
  21  *
  22  * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(key);
  23  * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(key);
  24  * static_branch_likely()
  25  * static_branch_unlikely()
  26  *
  27  * Jump labels provide an interface to generate dynamic branches using
  28  * self-modifying code. Assuming toolchain and architecture support, if we
  29  * define a "key" that is initially false via "DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(key)",
  30  * an "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))" statement is an unconditional branch
  31  * (which defaults to false - and the true block is placed out of line).
  32  * Similarly, we can define an initially true key via
  33  * "DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(key)", and use it in the same
  34  * "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))", in which case we will generate an
  35  * unconditional branch to the out-of-line true branch. Keys that are
  36  * initially true or false can be using in both static_branch_unlikely()
  37  * and static_branch_likely() statements.
  38  *
  39  * At runtime we can change the branch target by setting the key
  40  * to true via a call to static_branch_enable(), or false using
  41  * static_branch_disable(). If the direction of the branch is switched by
  42  * these calls then we run-time modify the branch target via a
  43  * no-op -> jump or jump -> no-op conversion. For example, for an
  44  * initially false key that is used in an "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))"
  45  * statement, setting the key to true requires us to patch in a jump
  46  * to the out-of-line of true branch.
  47  *
  48  * In addition to static_branch_{enable,disable}, we can also reference count
  49  * the key or branch direction via static_branch_{inc,dec}. Thus,
  50  * static_branch_inc() can be thought of as a 'make more true' and
  51  * static_branch_dec() as a 'make more false'.
  52  *
  53  * Since this relies on modifying code, the branch modifying functions
  54  * must be considered absolute slow paths (machine wide synchronization etc.).
  55  * OTOH, since the affected branches are unconditional, their runtime overhead
  56  * will be absolutely minimal, esp. in the default (off) case where the total
  57  * effect is a single NOP of appropriate size. The on case will patch in a jump
  58  * to the out-of-line block.
  59  *
  60  * When the control is directly exposed to userspace, it is prudent to delay the
  61  * decrement to avoid high frequency code modifications which can (and do)
  62  * cause significant performance degradation. Struct static_key_deferred and
  63  * static_key_slow_dec_deferred() provide for this.
  64  *
  65  * Lacking toolchain and or architecture support, static keys fall back to a
  66  * simple conditional branch.
  67  *
  68  * Additional babbling in: Documentation/static-keys.txt
  69  */
  70
  71 #if defined(CC_HAVE_ASM_GOTO) && defined(CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL)
  72 # define HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
  73 #endif
  74
  75 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
  76
  77 #include <linux/types.h>
  78 #include <linux/compiler.h>
  79 #include <linux/bug.h>
  80
  81 extern bool static_key_initialized;
  82
  83 #define STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE() WARN(!static_key_initialized,                  \
  84                                     "%s used before call to jump_label_init", \
  85                                     __func__)
  86
  87 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
  88
  89 struct static_key {
  90         atomic_t enabled;
  91 /* Set lsb bit to 1 if branch is default true, 0 ot */
  92         struct jump_entry *entries;
  93 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
  94         struct static_key_mod *next;
  95 #endif
  96 };
  97
  98 #else
  99 struct static_key {
 100         atomic_t enabled;
 101 };
 102 #endif  /* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
 103 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
 104
 105 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
 106 #include <asm/jump_label.h>
 107 #endif
 108
 109 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
 110
 111 enum jump_label_type {
 112         JUMP_LABEL_NOP = 0,
 113         JUMP_LABEL_JMP,
 114 };
 115
 116 struct module;
 117
 118 #include <linux/atomic.h>
 119
 120 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
 121
 122 static inline int static_key_count(struct static_key *key)
 123 {
 124         /*
 125          * -1 means the first static_key_slow_inc() is in progress.
 126          *  static_key_enabled() must return true, so return 1 here.
 127          */
 128         int n = atomic_read(&key->enabled);
 129         return n >= 0 ? n : 1;
 130 }
 131
 132 #define JUMP_TYPE_FALSE 0UL
 133 #define JUMP_TYPE_TRUE  1UL
 134 #define JUMP_TYPE_MASK  1UL
 135
 136 static __always_inline bool static_key_false(struct static_key *key)
 137 {
 138         return arch_static_branch(key, false);
 139 }
 140
 141 static __always_inline bool static_key_true(struct static_key *key)
 142 {
 143         return !arch_static_branch(key, true);
 144 }
 145
 146 extern struct jump_entry __start___jump_table[];
 147 extern struct jump_entry __stop___jump_table[];
 148
 149 extern void jump_label_init(void);
 150 extern void jump_label_lock(void);
 151 extern void jump_label_unlock(void);
 152 extern void arch_jump_label_transform(struct jump_entry *entry,
 153                                       enum jump_label_type type);
 154 extern void arch_jump_label_transform_static(struct jump_entry *entry,
 155                                              enum jump_label_type type);
 156 extern int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
 157 extern void static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key *key);
 158 extern void static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key);
 159 extern void jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod);
 160
 161 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE                                    \
 162         { .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(1),                            \
 163           .entries = (void *)JUMP_TYPE_TRUE }
 164 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE                                   \
 165         { .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(0),                            \
 166           .entries = (void *)JUMP_TYPE_FALSE }
 167
 168 #else  /* !HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
 169
 170 static inline int static_key_count(struct static_key *key)
 171 {
 172         return atomic_read(&key->enabled);
 173 }
 174
 175 static __always_inline void jump_label_init(void)
 176 {
 177         static_key_initialized = true;
 178 }
 179
 180 static __always_inline bool static_key_false(struct static_key *key)
 181 {
 182         if (unlikely(static_key_count(key) > 0))
 183                 return true;
 184         return false;
 185 }
 186
 187 static __always_inline bool static_key_true(struct static_key *key)
 188 {
 189         if (likely(static_key_count(key) > 0))
 190                 return true;
 191         return false;
 192 }
 193
 194 static inline void static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key *key)
 195 {
 196         STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
 197         atomic_inc(&key->enabled);
 198 }
 199
 200 static inline void static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key)
 201 {
 202         STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
 203         atomic_dec(&key->enabled);
 204 }
 205
 206 static inline int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
 207 {
 208         return 0;
 209 }
 210
 211 static inline void jump_label_lock(void) {}
 212 static inline void jump_label_unlock(void) {}
 213
 214 static inline int jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod)
 215 {
 216         return 0;
 217 }
 218
 219 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE    { .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(1) }
 220 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE   { .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(0) }
 221
 222 #endif  /* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
 223
 224 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE
 225 #define jump_label_enabled static_key_enabled
 226
 227 static inline void static_key_enable(struct static_key *key)
 228 {
 229         int count = static_key_count(key);
 230
 231         WARN_ON_ONCE(count < 0 || count > 1);
 232
 233         if (!count)
 234                 static_key_slow_inc(key);
 235 }
 236
 237 static inline void static_key_disable(struct static_key *key)
 238 {
 239         int count = static_key_count(key);
 240
 241         WARN_ON_ONCE(count < 0 || count > 1);
 242
 243         if (count)
 244                 static_key_slow_dec(key);
 245 }
 246
 247 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 248
 249 /*
 250  * Two type wrappers around static_key, such that we can use compile time
 251  * type differentiation to emit the right code.
 252  *
 253  * All the below code is macros in order to play type games.
 254  */
 255
 256 struct static_key_true {
 257         struct static_key key;
 258 };
 259
 260 struct static_key_false {
 261         struct static_key key;
 262 };
 263
 264 #define STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT  (struct static_key_true) { .key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE,  }
 265 #define STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT (struct static_key_false){ .key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE, }
 266
 267 #define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(name)    \
 268         struct static_key_true name = STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT
 269
 270 #define DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(name)   \
 271         extern struct static_key_true name
 272
 273 #define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(name)   \
 274         struct static_key_false name = STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT
 275
 276 #define DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(name)  \
 277         extern struct static_key_false name
 278
 279 extern bool ____wrong_branch_error(void);
 280
 281 #define static_key_enabled(x)                                                   \
 282 ({                                                                              \
 283         if (!__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key) &&     \
 284             !__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true) &&\
 285             !__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
 286                 ____wrong_branch_error();                                       \
 287         static_key_count((struct static_key *)x) > 0;                           \
 288 })
 289
 290 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
 291
 292 /*
 293  * Combine the right initial value (type) with the right branch order
 294  * to generate the desired result.
 295  *
 296  *
 297  * type\branch| likely (1)            | unlikely (0)
 298  * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
 299  *            |                       |
 300  *  true (1)  |    ...                |    ...
 301  *            |    NOP                |    JMP L
 302  *            |    <br-stmts>         | 1: ...
 303  *            | L: ...                |
 304  *            |                       |
 305  *            |                       | L: <br-stmts>
 306  *            |                       |    jmp 1b
 307  *            |                       |
 308  * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
 309  *            |                       |
 310  *  false (0) |    ...                |    ...
 311  *            |    JMP L              |    NOP
 312  *            |    <br-stmts>         | 1: ...
 313  *            | L: ...                |
 314  *            |                       |
 315  *            |                       | L: <br-stmts>
 316  *            |                       |    jmp 1b
 317  *            |                       |
 318  * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
 319  *
 320  * The initial value is encoded in the LSB of static_key::entries,
 321  * type: 0 = false, 1 = true.
 322  *
 323  * The branch type is encoded in the LSB of jump_entry::key,
 324  * branch: 0 = unlikely, 1 = likely.
 325  *
 326  * This gives the following logic table:
 327  *
 328  *      enabled type    branch    instuction
 329  * -----------------------------+-----------
 330  *      0       0       0       | NOP
 331  *      0       0       1       | JMP
 332  *      0       1       0       | NOP
 333  *      0       1       1       | JMP
 334  *
 335  *      1       0       0       | JMP
 336  *      1       0       1       | NOP
 337  *      1       1       0       | JMP
 338  *      1       1       1       | NOP
 339  *
 340  * Which gives the following functions:
 341  *
 342  *   dynamic: instruction = enabled ^ branch
 343  *   static:  instruction = type ^ branch
 344  *
 345  * See jump_label_type() / jump_label_init_type().
 346  */
 347
 348 #define static_branch_likely(x)                                                 \
 349 ({                                                                              \
 350         bool branch;                                                            \
 351         if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true))   \
 352                 branch = !arch_static_branch(&(x)->key, true);                  \
 353         else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
 354                 branch = !arch_static_branch_jump(&(x)->key, true);             \
 355         else                                                                    \
 356                 branch = ____wrong_branch_error();                              \
 357         branch;                                                                 \
 358 })
 359
 360 #define static_branch_unlikely(x)                                               \
 361 ({                                                                              \
 362         bool branch;                                                            \
 363         if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true))   \
 364                 branch = arch_static_branch_jump(&(x)->key, false);             \
 365         else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
 366                 branch = arch_static_branch(&(x)->key, false);                  \
 367         else                                                                    \
 368                 branch = ____wrong_branch_error();                              \
 369         branch;                                                                 \
 370 })
 371
 372 #else /* !HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
 373
 374 #define static_branch_likely(x)         likely(static_key_enabled(&(x)->key))
 375 #define static_branch_unlikely(x)       unlikely(static_key_enabled(&(x)->key))
 376
 377 #endif /* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
 378
 379 /*
 380  * Advanced usage; refcount, branch is enabled when: count != 0
 381  */
 382
 383 #define static_branch_inc(x)            static_key_slow_inc(&(x)->key)
 384 #define static_branch_dec(x)            static_key_slow_dec(&(x)->key)
 385
 386 /*
 387  * Normal usage; boolean enable/disable.
 388  */
 389
 390 #define static_branch_enable(x)         static_key_enable(&(x)->key)
 391 #define static_branch_disable(x)        static_key_disable(&(x)->key)
 392
 393 #endif  /* _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H */
 394
 395 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */