crond: make it NOMMU-capable
authorDenis Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Wed, 12 Mar 2008 22:10:25 +0000 (22:10 -0000)
committerDenis Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Wed, 12 Mar 2008 22:10:25 +0000 (22:10 -0000)
function                                             old     new   delta
safe_setenv4                                           -      62     +62
ForkJob                                              472     511     +39
change_identity                                       21      57     +36
ParseField                                           564     571      +7
SynchronizeDir                                       178     176      -2
LogLevel                                               4       -      -4
LogFile                                                4       -      -4
FileBase                                               4       -      -4
DebugOpt                                               4       -      -4
CDir                                                   4       -      -4
DeleteFile                                           141     132      -9
packed_usage                                       24248   24228     -20
crondlog                                             157     113     -44
change_identity_e2str                                 54       -     -54
SynchronizeFile                                      729     671     -58
crond_main                                          1555    1404    -151
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(add/remove: 1/6 grow/shrink: 3/6 up/down: 144/-358)         Total: -214 bytes

TODO_config_nommu
include/libbb.h
include/usage.h
libbb/change_identity.c
miscutils/Config.in
miscutils/crond.c

index d3deda2782e736d97fc813b8d828e53c8f6a507e..7b7c1690f16a7b82df6706a20cf6fa510fd48e82 100644 (file)
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #
 # Automatically generated make config: don't edit
 # Busybox version: 1.10.0.svn
-# Tue Feb 19 15:07:07 2008
+# Tue Mar  4 22:57:04 2008
 #
 CONFIG_HAVE_DOT_CONFIG=y
 
@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ CONFIG_PREFIX="./_install"
 #
 CONFIG_PASSWORD_MINLEN=6
 CONFIG_MD5_SIZE_VS_SPEED=2
-# CONFIG_FEATURE_FAST_TOP is not set
-# CONFIG_FEATURE_ETC_NETWORKS is not set
+CONFIG_FEATURE_FAST_TOP=y
+CONFIG_FEATURE_ETC_NETWORKS=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_EDITING=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_EDITING_MAX_LEN=1024
-# CONFIG_FEATURE_EDITING_VI is not set
+CONFIG_FEATURE_EDITING_VI=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_EDITING_HISTORY=15
 # CONFIG_FEATURE_EDITING_SAVEHISTORY is not set
 CONFIG_FEATURE_TAB_COMPLETION=y
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ CONFIG_BZIP2=y
 CONFIG_CPIO=y
 CONFIG_DPKG=y
 CONFIG_DPKG_DEB=y
-# CONFIG_FEATURE_DPKG_DEB_EXTRACT_ONLY is not set
+CONFIG_FEATURE_DPKG_DEB_EXTRACT_ONLY=y
 CONFIG_GUNZIP=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_GUNZIP_UNCOMPRESS=y
 CONFIG_GZIP=y
@@ -212,6 +212,7 @@ CONFIG_FEATURE_READLINK_FOLLOW=y
 CONFIG_REALPATH=y
 CONFIG_RM=y
 CONFIG_RMDIR=y
+CONFIG_FEATURE_RMDIR_LONG_OPTIONS=y
 CONFIG_SEQ=y
 CONFIG_SHA1SUM=y
 CONFIG_SLEEP=y
@@ -318,7 +319,7 @@ CONFIG_PATCH=y
 CONFIG_SED=y
 CONFIG_VI=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_VI_MAX_LEN=4096
-# CONFIG_FEATURE_VI_8BIT is not set
+CONFIG_FEATURE_VI_8BIT=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_VI_COLON=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_VI_YANKMARK=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_VI_SEARCH=y
@@ -401,7 +402,7 @@ CONFIG_FEATURE_WTMP=y
 CONFIG_LOGIN=y
 # CONFIG_PAM is not set
 CONFIG_LOGIN_SCRIPTS=y
-# CONFIG_FEATURE_NOLOGIN is not set
+CONFIG_FEATURE_NOLOGIN=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_SECURETTY=y
 CONFIG_PASSWD=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_PASSWD_WEAK_CHECK=y
@@ -559,10 +560,10 @@ CONFIG_FEATURE_CHAT_SEND_ESCAPES=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_CHAT_VAR_ABORT_LEN=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_CHAT_CLR_ABORT=y
 CONFIG_CHRT=y
-# CONFIG_CROND is not set
-# CONFIG_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION is not set
-# CONFIG_FEATURE_CROND_CALL_SENDMAIL is not set
-# CONFIG_CRONTAB is not set
+CONFIG_CROND=y
+CONFIG_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION=y
+CONFIG_FEATURE_CROND_CALL_SENDMAIL=y
+CONFIG_CRONTAB=y
 CONFIG_DC=y
 # CONFIG_DEVFSD is not set
 # CONFIG_DEVFSD_MODLOAD is not set
@@ -596,6 +597,7 @@ CONFIG_RAIDAUTORUN=y
 CONFIG_READAHEAD=y
 CONFIG_RUNLEVEL=y
 CONFIG_RX=y
+CONFIG_SCRIPT=y
 CONFIG_STRINGS=y
 CONFIG_SETSID=y
 CONFIG_TASKSET=y
@@ -641,6 +643,7 @@ CONFIG_FEATURE_IFCONFIG_SLIP=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_IFCONFIG_MEMSTART_IOADDR_IRQ=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_IFCONFIG_HW=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_IFCONFIG_BROADCAST_PLUS=y
+CONFIG_IFENSLAVE=y
 # CONFIG_IFUPDOWN is not set
 CONFIG_IFUPDOWN_IFSTATE_PATH=""
 # CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IP is not set
@@ -687,11 +690,7 @@ CONFIG_FEATURE_FANCY_PING=y
 CONFIG_PSCAN=y
 CONFIG_ROUTE=y
 CONFIG_SENDMAIL=y
-CONFIG_FEATURE_SENDMAIL_EHLO=y
-CONFIG_FEATURE_SENDMAIL_BLOATY=y
 CONFIG_FETCHMAIL=y
-CONFIG_FEATURE_FETCHMAIL_APOP=y
-CONFIG_FEATURE_FETCHMAIL_FILTER=y
 CONFIG_SLATTACH=y
 CONFIG_TELNET=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_TELNET_TTYPE=y
@@ -702,7 +701,7 @@ CONFIG_TFTP=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_TFTP_GET=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_TFTP_PUT=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_TFTP_BLOCKSIZE=y
-# CONFIG_DEBUG_TFTP is not set
+CONFIG_DEBUG_TFTP=y
 CONFIG_TRACEROUTE=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_TRACEROUTE_VERBOSE=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_TRACEROUTE_SOURCE_ROUTE=y
@@ -711,11 +710,13 @@ CONFIG_APP_UDHCPD=y
 CONFIG_APP_DHCPRELAY=y
 CONFIG_APP_DUMPLEASES=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_UDHCPD_WRITE_LEASES_EARLY=y
+CONFIG_DHCPD_LEASES_FILE="/var/lib/misc/udhcpd.leases"
 CONFIG_APP_UDHCPC=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_UDHCPC_ARPING=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_UDHCP_PORT=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_UDHCP_DEBUG=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_RFC3397=y
+CONFIG_DHCPC_DEFAULT_SCRIPT="/usr/share/udhcpc/default.script"
 CONFIG_UDHCPC_SLACK_FOR_BUGGY_SERVERS=80
 CONFIG_VCONFIG=y
 CONFIG_WGET=y
@@ -777,7 +778,7 @@ CONFIG_FEATURE_SH_IS_NONE=y
 CONFIG_HUSH=y
 CONFIG_HUSH_HELP=y
 CONFIG_HUSH_INTERACTIVE=y
-# CONFIG_HUSH_JOB is not set
+CONFIG_HUSH_JOB=y
 CONFIG_HUSH_TICK=y
 CONFIG_HUSH_IF=y
 CONFIG_HUSH_LOOPS=y
@@ -797,6 +798,7 @@ CONFIG_CTTYHACK=y
 CONFIG_SYSLOGD=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_ROTATE_LOGFILE=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_REMOTE_LOG=y
+CONFIG_FEATURE_SYSLOGD_DUP=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_IPC_SYSLOG=y
 CONFIG_FEATURE_IPC_SYSLOG_BUFFER_SIZE=16
 CONFIG_LOGREAD=y
@@ -832,6 +834,13 @@ CONFIG_SOFTLIMIT=y
 # CONFIG_SETSEBOOL is not set
 # CONFIG_SESTATUS is not set
 
+#
+# print support
+#
+CONFIG_LPD=y
+CONFIG_LPR=y
+CONFIG_LPQ=y
+
 #
 # ipsvd utilities
 #
index 9b52dd231c00830541ca78a339054f3fd8e57b46..6e10cdc419182415577d65c02e8e3ec49f2238bb 100644 (file)
@@ -912,7 +912,6 @@ char *bb_simplify_path(const char *path);
 #define FAIL_DELAY 3
 extern void bb_do_delay(int seconds);
 extern void change_identity(const struct passwd *pw);
-extern const char *change_identity_e2str(const struct passwd *pw);
 extern void run_shell(const char *shell, int loginshell, const char *command, const char **additional_args) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
 extern void run_shell(const char *shell, int loginshell, const char *command, const char **additional_args);
 #if ENABLE_SELINUX
index f575f4676c0515c4dac825f47f9400ccd88c2b81..a6d970de6c030ee3987a3018672c37067212d61d 100644 (file)
@@ -507,16 +507,17 @@ USE_FEATURE_BRCTL_FANCY("\n" \
        "       F       Input from file"
 
 #define crond_trivial_usage \
-       "-d[#] -c crondir -f -b"
+       "-fbS -l N " USE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION("-d N ") "-L LOGFILE -c DIR"
 #define crond_full_usage \
-       "       -d [#] -l [#] -S -L logfile -f -b -c dir\n" \
-       "       -d num  Debug level\n" \
-       "       -l num  Log level (8 - default)\n" \
+       "       -f      Foreground\n" \
+       "       -b      Background (default)\n" \
        "       -S      Log to syslog (default)\n" \
-       "       -L file Log to file\n" \
-       "       -f      Run in foreground\n" \
-       "       -b      Run in background (default)\n" \
-       "       -c dir  Working dir"
+       "       -l      Set log level. 0 is the most verbose, default 8\n" \
+       USE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION( \
+       "       -d      Set log level, log to stderr\n" \
+       ) \
+       "       -L      Log to file\n" \
+       "       -c      Working dir"
 
 #define crontab_trivial_usage \
        "[-c DIR] [-u USER] [-ler]|[FILE]"
index b2274e0aebbcc53bd071a371f95c3637fd00d469..f19aa8aaa23d22b09eae0287393d5bfcf550aba6 100644 (file)
 
 #include "libbb.h"
 
-
 /* Become the user and group(s) specified by PW.  */
-const char *change_identity_e2str(const struct passwd *pw)
+void change_identity(const struct passwd *pw)
 {
        if (initgroups(pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) == -1)
-               return "cannot set groups";
+               bb_perror_msg_and_die("can't set groups");
        endgrent(); /* ?? */
        xsetgid(pw->pw_gid);
        xsetuid(pw->pw_uid);
-       return NULL;
-}
-
-void change_identity(const struct passwd *pw)
-{
-       const char *err_msg = change_identity_e2str(pw);
-
-       if (err_msg)
-               bb_simple_perror_msg_and_die(err_msg);
 }
index ac1e2b57caa0657b0b490d1ee38b6a1cff8ba2b2..2cc6d9e80b9659777e63b728149556f7b27c0101 100644 (file)
@@ -106,15 +106,13 @@ config CROND
              $ cat /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root
              # Run daily cron jobs at 4:40 every day:
              40 4 * * * /etc/cron/daily > /dev/null 2>&1
-         Note that Busybox binary must be setuid root for this applet to
-         work properly.
 
 config DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-       bool "Support debug option -d"
+       bool "Support option -d to redirect output to stderr"
        depends on CROND
        default n
        help
-         Support option -d to enter debug mode.
+         -d sets loglevel to 0 (most verbose) and directs all output to stderr.
 
 config FEATURE_CROND_CALL_SENDMAIL
        bool "Using /usr/sbin/sendmail?"
@@ -130,6 +128,8 @@ config CRONTAB
        help
          Crontab manipulates the crontab for a particular user.  Only
          the superuser may specify a different user and/or crontab directory.
+         Note that Busybox binary must be setuid root for this applet to
+         work properly.
 
 config DC
        bool "dc"
index 9721a8a9ae29aca53e792aee843382c13fb0231b..6d4825e85850817ac390a866775b8e897875a45c 100644 (file)
 #include "libbb.h"
 #include <syslog.h>
 
+/* glibc frees previous setenv'ed value when we do next setenv()
+ * of the same variable. uclibc does not do this! */
+#if (defined(__GLIBC__) && !defined(__UCLIBC__)) /* || OTHER_SAFE_LIBC... */
+#define SETENV_LEAKS 0
+#else
+#define SETENV_LEAKS 1
+#endif
+
+
 #ifndef CRONTABS
 #define CRONTABS        "/var/spool/cron/crontabs"
 #endif
 #define MAXLINES        256    /* max lines in non-root crontabs */
 #endif
 
+
 typedef struct CronFile {
        struct CronFile *cf_Next;
        struct CronLine *cf_LineBase;
-       char *cf_User;          /* username                     */
-       int cf_Ready;           /* bool: one or more jobs ready */
-       int cf_Running;         /* bool: one or more jobs running */
-       int cf_Deleted;         /* marked for deletion, ignore  */
+       char *cf_User;                  /* username                     */
+       smallint cf_Ready;              /* bool: one or more jobs ready */
+       smallint cf_Running;            /* bool: one or more jobs running */
+       smallint cf_Deleted;            /* marked for deletion, ignore  */
 } CronFile;
 
 typedef struct CronLine {
        struct CronLine *cl_Next;
-       char *cl_Shell;         /* shell command                        */
-       pid_t cl_Pid;           /* running pid, 0, or armed (-1)        */
-       int cl_MailFlag;        /* running pid is for mail              */
-       int cl_MailPos;         /* 'empty file' size                    */
-       char cl_Mins[60];       /* 0-59                                 */
-       char cl_Hrs[24];        /* 0-23                                 */
-       char cl_Days[32];       /* 1-31                                 */
-       char cl_Mons[12];       /* 0-11                                 */
-       char cl_Dow[7];         /* 0-6, beginning sunday                */
+       char *cl_Shell;         /* shell command                        */
+       pid_t cl_Pid;           /* running pid, 0, or armed (-1)        */
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_CROND_CALL_SENDMAIL
+       int cl_MailPos;         /* 'empty file' size                    */
+       smallint cl_MailFlag;   /* running pid is for mail              */
+#endif
+       /* ordered by size, not in natural order. makes code smaller: */
+       char cl_Dow[7];         /* 0-6, beginning sunday                */
+       char cl_Mons[12];       /* 0-11                                 */
+       char cl_Hrs[24];        /* 0-23                                 */
+       char cl_Days[32];       /* 1-31                                 */
+       char cl_Mins[60];       /* 0-59                                 */
 } CronLine;
 
-#define RUN_RANOUT      1
-#define RUN_RUNNING     2
-#define RUN_FAILED      3
 
 #define DaemonUid 0
 
+
+enum {
+       OPT_l = (1 << 0),
+       OPT_L = (1 << 1),
+       OPT_f = (1 << 2),
+       OPT_b = (1 << 3),
+       OPT_S = (1 << 4),
+       OPT_c = (1 << 5),
+       OPT_d = (1 << 6) * ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION,
+};
 #if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-static unsigned DebugOpt;
+#define DebugOpt (option_mask32 & OPT_d)
+#else
+#define DebugOpt 0
 #endif
 
-static unsigned LogLevel = 8;
-static const char *LogFile;
-static const char *CDir = CRONTABS;
 
-static void startlogger(void);
+struct globals {
+       unsigned LogLevel; /* = 8; */
+       const char *LogFile;
+       const char *CDir; /* = CRONTABS; */
+       CronFile *FileBase;
+#if SETENV_LEAKS
+       char *env_var_user;
+       char *env_var_home;
+#endif
+};
+#define G (*(struct globals*)&bb_common_bufsiz1)
+#define LogLevel           (G.LogLevel               )
+#define LogFile            (G.LogFile                )
+#define CDir               (G.CDir                   )
+#define FileBase           (G.FileBase               )
+#define env_var_user       (G.env_var_user           )
+#define env_var_home       (G.env_var_home           )
+#define INIT_G() do { \
+       LogLevel = 8; \
+       CDir = CRONTABS; \
+} while (0)
+
 
 static void CheckUpdates(void);
 static void SynchronizeDir(void);
 static int TestJobs(time_t t1, time_t t2);
 static void RunJobs(void);
 static int CheckJobs(void);
-
-static void RunJob(const char *user, CronLine * line);
-
+static void RunJob(const char *user, CronLine *line);
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_CROND_CALL_SENDMAIL
-static void EndJob(const char *user, CronLine * line);
+static void EndJob(const char *user, CronLine *line);
 #else
-#define EndJob(user, line)  line->cl_Pid = 0
+#define EndJob(user, line)  ((line)->cl_Pid = 0)
 #endif
-
 static void DeleteFile(const char *userName);
 
-static CronFile *FileBase;
 
+#define LVL5  "\x05"
+#define LVL7  "\x07"
+#define LVL8  "\x08"
+#define LVL9  "\x09"
+#define WARN9 "\x49"
+#define DIE9  "\xc9"
+/* level >= 20 is "error" */
+#define ERR20 "\x14"
 
 static void crondlog(const char *ctl, ...)
 {
        va_list va;
-       const char *fmt;
-       int level = (int) (ctl[0] & 0xf);
-       int type = level == 20 ?
-               LOG_ERR : ((ctl[0] & 0100) ? LOG_WARNING : LOG_NOTICE);
+       int level = (ctl[0] & 0x1f);
 
        va_start(va, ctl);
-       fmt = ctl + 1;
        if (level >= LogLevel) {
-
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-               if (DebugOpt) {
-                       vfprintf(stderr, fmt, va);
-               } else
-#endif
-               if (LogFile == NULL) {
-                       vsyslog(type, fmt, va);
-               } else {
-#if !ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-                       int logfd = open(LogFile, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND, 0600);
-#else
+               /* Debug mode: all to (non-redirected) stderr, */
+               /* Syslog mode: all to syslog (logmode = LOGMODE_SYSLOG), */
+               if (!DebugOpt && LogFile) {
+                       /* Otherwise (log to file): we reopen log file at every write: */
                        int logfd = open3_or_warn(LogFile, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND, 0600);
-#endif
-                       if (logfd >= 0) {
-                               vdprintf(logfd, fmt, va);
-                               close(logfd);
-                       }
+                       if (logfd >= 0)
+                               xmove_fd(logfd, STDERR_FILENO);
                }
+// TODO: ERR -> error, WARN -> warning, LVL -> info
+               bb_verror_msg(ctl + 1, va, /* strerr: */ NULL);
        }
        va_end(va);
-       if (ctl[0] & 0200) {
+       if (ctl[0] & 0x80)
                exit(20);
-       }
 }
 
 int crond_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
 int crond_main(int ac, char **av)
 {
        unsigned opt;
-       char *lopt, *Lopt, *copt;
-       USE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION(char *dopt;)
 
-       opt_complementary = "f-b:b-f:S-L:L-S" USE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION(":d-l");
-       opterr = 0;                     /* disable getopt 'errors' message. */
+       INIT_G();
+
+       /* "-b after -f is ignored", and so on for every pair a-b */
+       opt_complementary = "f-b:b-f:S-L:L-S" USE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION(":d-l")
+                       ":l+:d+"; /* -l and -d have numeric param */
        opt = getopt32(av, "l:L:fbSc:" USE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION("d:"),
-                       &lopt, &Lopt, &copt USE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION(, &dopt));
-       if (opt & 1) /* -l */
-               LogLevel = xatou(lopt);
-       if (opt & 2) /* -L */
-               if (*Lopt)
-                       LogFile = Lopt;
-       if (opt & 32) /* -c */
-               if (*copt)
-                       CDir = copt;
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-       if (opt & 64) { /* -d */
-               DebugOpt = xatou(dopt);
-               LogLevel = 0;
-       }
-#endif
+                       &LogLevel, &LogFile, &CDir
+                       USE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION(,&LogLevel));
+       /* both -d N and -l N set the same variable: LogLevel */
 
-       /* close stdin and stdout, stderr.
-        * close unused descriptors -  don't need.
-        * optional detach from controlling terminal
-        */
-       if (!(opt & 4))
+       if (!(opt & OPT_f)) {
+               /* close stdin, stdout, stderr.
+                * close unused descriptors - don't need them. */
                bb_daemonize_or_rexec(DAEMON_CLOSE_EXTRA_FDS, av);
+       }
 
-       xchdir(CDir);
-       signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); /* ? original crond dies on HUP... */
-
-       startlogger();  /* need if syslog mode selected */
-
-       /*
-        * main loop - synchronize to 1 second after the minute, minimum sleep
-        *             of 1 second.
-        */
-       crondlog("\011%s " BB_VER " started, log level %d\n",
-                        applet_name, LogLevel);
+       if (!DebugOpt && LogFile == NULL) {
+               /* logging to syslog */
+               openlog(applet_name, LOG_CONS | LOG_PID, LOG_CRON);
+               logmode = LOGMODE_SYSLOG;
+       }
 
+       xchdir(CDir);
+       //signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); /* ? original crond dies on HUP... */
+       setenv("SHELL", DEFAULT_SHELL, 1); /* once, for all future children */
+       crondlog(LVL9 "crond (busybox "BB_VER") started, log level %d", LogLevel);
        SynchronizeDir();
 
+       /* main loop - synchronize to 1 second after the minute, minimum sleep
+        * of 1 second. */
        {
                time_t t1 = time(NULL);
                time_t t2;
                long dt;
                int rescan = 60;
-               short sleep_time = 60;
+               int sleep_time = 60;
 
                write_pidfile("/var/run/crond.pid");
                for (;;) {
-                       sleep((sleep_time + 1) - (short) (time(NULL) % sleep_time));
+                       sleep((sleep_time + 1) - (time(NULL) % sleep_time));
 
                        t2 = time(NULL);
-                       dt = t2 - t1;
+                       dt = (long)t2 - (long)t1;
 
                        /*
                         * The file 'cron.update' is checked to determine new cron
@@ -204,19 +222,15 @@ int crond_main(int ac, char **av)
                         * when running jobs, the inequality used is greater but not
                         * equal to t1, and less then or equal to t2.
                         */
-
                        if (--rescan == 0) {
                                rescan = 60;
                                SynchronizeDir();
                        }
                        CheckUpdates();
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
                        if (DebugOpt)
-                               crondlog("\005Wakeup dt=%d\n", dt);
-#endif
+                               crondlog(LVL5 "wakeup dt=%ld", dt);
                        if (dt < -60 * 60 || dt > 60 * 60) {
-                               t1 = t2;
-                               crondlog("\111time disparity of %d minutes detected\n", dt / 60);
+                               crondlog(WARN9 "time disparity of %d minutes detected", dt / 60);
                        } else if (dt > 0) {
                                TestJobs(t1, t2);
                                RunJobs();
@@ -226,66 +240,59 @@ int crond_main(int ac, char **av)
                                } else {
                                        sleep_time = 60;
                                }
-                               t1 = t2;
                        }
+                       t1 = t2;
                }
        }
        return 0; /* not reached */
 }
 
-static int ChangeUser(const char *user)
+#if SETENV_LEAKS
+/* We set environment *before* vfork (because we want to use vfork),
+ * so we cannot use setenv() - repeated calls to setenv() may leak memory!
+ * Using putenv(), and freeing memory after unsetenv() won't leak */
+static void safe_setenv4(char **pvar_val, const char *var, const char *val /*, int len*/)
 {
-       struct passwd *pas;
-       const char *err_msg;
+       const int len = 4; /* both var names are 4 char long */
+       char *var_val = *pvar_val;
 
-       /*
-        * Obtain password entry and change privileges
-        */
-       pas = getpwnam(user);
-       if (pas == 0) {
-               crondlog("\011failed to get uid for %s", user);
-               return -1;
+       if (var_val) {
+               var_val[len] = '\0'; /* nuke '=' */
+               unsetenv(var_val);
+               free(var_val);
        }
+       *pvar_val = xasprintf("%s=%s", var, val);
+       putenv(*pvar_val);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void SetEnv(struct passwd *pas)
+{
+#if SETENV_LEAKS
+       safe_setenv4(&env_var_user, "USER", pas->pw_name);
+       safe_setenv4(&env_var_home, "HOME", pas->pw_dir);
+       /* if we want to set user's shell instead: */
+       /*safe_setenv(env_var_user, "SHELL", pas->pw_shell, 5);*/
+#else
        setenv("USER", pas->pw_name, 1);
        setenv("HOME", pas->pw_dir, 1);
-       setenv("SHELL", DEFAULT_SHELL, 1);
-
-       /*
-        * Change running state to the user in question
-        */
-       err_msg = change_identity_e2str(pas);
-       if (err_msg) {
-               crondlog("\011%s for user %s", err_msg, user);
-               return -1;
-       }
-       if (chdir(pas->pw_dir) < 0) {
-               crondlog("\011chdir failed: %s: %m", pas->pw_dir);
-               if (chdir(TMPDIR) < 0) {
-                       crondlog("\011chdir failed: %s: %m", TMPDIR);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-       }
-       return pas->pw_uid;
+#endif
+       /* currently, we use constant one: */
+       /*setenv("SHELL", DEFAULT_SHELL, 1); - done earlier */
 }
 
-static void startlogger(void)
+static void ChangeUser(struct passwd *pas)
 {
-       if (LogFile == NULL) {
-               openlog(applet_name, LOG_CONS | LOG_PID, LOG_CRON);
-       }
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-       else {                          /* test logfile */
-               int logfd;
-
-               logfd = open3_or_warn(LogFile, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND, 0600);
-               if (logfd >= 0) {
-                       close(logfd);
+       /* careful: we're after vfork! */
+       change_identity(pas); /* - initgroups, setgid, setuid */
+       if (chdir(pas->pw_dir) < 0) {
+               crondlog(LVL9 "can't chdir(%s)", pas->pw_dir);
+               if (chdir(TMPDIR) < 0) {
+                       crondlog(DIE9 "can't chdir(%s)", TMPDIR); /* exits */
                }
        }
-#endif
 }
 
-
 static const char DowAry[] ALIGN1 =
        "sun""mon""tue""wed""thu""fri""sat"
        /* "Sun""Mon""Tue""Wed""Thu""Fri""Sat" */
@@ -308,17 +315,16 @@ static char *ParseField(char *user, char *ary, int modvalue, int off,
                return NULL;
        }
 
-       while (*ptr != ' ' && *ptr != '\t' && *ptr != '\n') {
+       while (!isspace(*ptr)) {
                int skip = 0;
 
                /* Handle numeric digit or symbol or '*' */
-
                if (*ptr == '*') {
                        n1 = 0;         /* everything will be filled */
                        n2 = modvalue - 1;
                        skip = 1;
                        ++ptr;
-               } else if (*ptr >= '0' && *ptr <= '9') {
+               } else if (isdigit(*ptr)) {
                        if (n1 < 0) {
                                n1 = strtol(ptr, &ptr, 10) + off;
                        } else {
@@ -344,9 +350,8 @@ static char *ParseField(char *user, char *ary, int modvalue, int off,
                }
 
                /* handle optional range '-' */
-
                if (skip == 0) {
-                       crondlog("\111failed user %s parsing %s\n", user, base);
+                       crondlog(WARN9 "user %s: parse error at %s", user, base);
                        return NULL;
                }
                if (*ptr == '-' && n2 < 0) {
@@ -358,18 +363,17 @@ static char *ParseField(char *user, char *ary, int modvalue, int off,
                 * collapse single-value ranges, handle skipmark, and fill
                 * in the character array appropriately.
                 */
-
                if (n2 < 0) {
                        n2 = n1;
                }
                if (*ptr == '/') {
                        skip = strtol(ptr + 1, &ptr, 10);
                }
+
                /*
                 * fill array, using a failsafe is the easiest way to prevent
                 * an endless loop
                 */
-
                {
                        int s0 = 1;
                        int failsafe = 1024;
@@ -382,13 +386,12 @@ static char *ParseField(char *user, char *ary, int modvalue, int off,
                                        ary[n1 % modvalue] = 1;
                                        s0 = skip;
                                }
-                       }
-                       while (n1 != n2 && --failsafe);
+                               if (--failsafe == 0) {
+                                       crondlog(WARN9 "user %s: parse error at %s", user, base);
+                                       return NULL;
+                               }
+                       } while (n1 != n2);
 
-                       if (failsafe == 0) {
-                               crondlog("\111failed user %s parsing %s\n", user, base);
-                               return NULL;
-                       }
                }
                if (*ptr != ',') {
                        break;
@@ -398,147 +401,124 @@ static char *ParseField(char *user, char *ary, int modvalue, int off,
                n2 = -1;
        }
 
-       if (*ptr != ' ' && *ptr != '\t' && *ptr != '\n') {
-               crondlog("\111failed user %s parsing %s\n", user, base);
+       if (!isspace(*ptr)) {
+               crondlog(WARN9 "user %s: parse error at %s", user, base);
                return NULL;
        }
 
-       while (*ptr == ' ' || *ptr == '\t' || *ptr == '\n') {
-               ++ptr;
-       }
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-       if (DebugOpt) {
+       if (DebugOpt && (LogLevel <= 5)) { /* like LVL5 */
+               /* can't use crondlog, it inserts '\n' */
                int i;
-
-               for (i = 0; i < modvalue; ++i) {
-                       crondlog("\005%d", ary[i]);
-               }
-               crondlog("\005\n");
+               for (i = 0; i < modvalue; ++i)
+                       fprintf(stderr, "%d", (unsigned char)ary[i]);
+               fputc('\n', stderr);
        }
-#endif
-
-       return ptr;
+       return skip_whitespace(ptr);
 }
 
-static void FixDayDow(CronLine * line)
+static void FixDayDow(CronLine *line)
 {
        int i;
        int weekUsed = 0;
        int daysUsed = 0;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < (int)(ARRAY_SIZE(line->cl_Dow)); ++i) {
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(line->cl_Dow); ++i) {
                if (line->cl_Dow[i] == 0) {
                        weekUsed = 1;
                        break;
                }
        }
-       for (i = 0; i < (int)(ARRAY_SIZE(line->cl_Days)); ++i) {
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(line->cl_Days); ++i) {
                if (line->cl_Days[i] == 0) {
                        daysUsed = 1;
                        break;
                }
        }
-       if (weekUsed && !daysUsed) {
-               memset(line->cl_Days, 0, sizeof(line->cl_Days));
-       }
-       if (daysUsed && !weekUsed) {
-               memset(line->cl_Dow, 0, sizeof(line->cl_Dow));
+       if (weekUsed != daysUsed) {
+               if (weekUsed)
+                       memset(line->cl_Days, 0, sizeof(line->cl_Days));
+               else /* daysUsed */
+                       memset(line->cl_Dow, 0, sizeof(line->cl_Dow));
        }
 }
 
-
-
 static void SynchronizeFile(const char *fileName)
 {
-       int maxEntries = MAXLINES;
+       FILE *fi;
+       struct stat sbuf;
+       int maxEntries;
        int maxLines;
        char buf[1024];
 
+       if (!fileName)
+               return;
+
+       DeleteFile(fileName);
+       fi = fopen(fileName, "r");
+       if (!fi)
+               return;
+
+       maxEntries = MAXLINES;
        if (strcmp(fileName, "root") == 0) {
                maxEntries = 65535;
        }
        maxLines = maxEntries * 10;
 
-       if (fileName) {
-               FILE *fi;
-
-               DeleteFile(fileName);
-
-               fi = fopen(fileName, "r");
-               if (fi != NULL) {
-                       struct stat sbuf;
-
-                       if (fstat(fileno(fi), &sbuf) == 0 && sbuf.st_uid == DaemonUid) {
-                               CronFile *file = xzalloc(sizeof(CronFile));
-                               CronLine **pline;
-
-                               file->cf_User = strdup(fileName);
-                               pline = &file->cf_LineBase;
-
-                               while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fi) != NULL && --maxLines) {
-                                       CronLine line;
-                                       char *ptr;
-
-                                       trim(buf);
-                                       if (buf[0] == 0 || buf[0] == '#') {
-                                               continue;
-                                       }
-                                       if (--maxEntries == 0) {
-                                               break;
-                                       }
-                                       memset(&line, 0, sizeof(line));
-
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-                                       if (DebugOpt) {
-                                               crondlog("\111User %s Entry %s\n", fileName, buf);
-                                       }
-#endif
-
-                                       /* parse date ranges */
-                                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line.cl_Mins, 60, 0, NULL, buf);
-                                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line.cl_Hrs, 24, 0, NULL, ptr);
-                                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line.cl_Days, 32, 0, NULL, ptr);
-                                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line.cl_Mons, 12, -1, MonAry, ptr);
-                                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line.cl_Dow, 7, 0, DowAry, ptr);
+       if (fstat(fileno(fi), &sbuf) == 0 && sbuf.st_uid == DaemonUid) {
+               CronFile *file = xzalloc(sizeof(CronFile));
+               CronLine **pline;
 
-                                       /* check failure */
-                                       if (ptr == NULL) {
-                                               continue;
-                                       }
-
-                                       /*
-                                        * fix days and dow - if one is not * and the other
-                                        * is *, the other is set to 0, and vise-versa
-                                        */
-
-                                       FixDayDow(&line);
-
-                                       *pline = xzalloc(sizeof(CronLine));
-                                       **pline = line;
+               file->cf_User = xstrdup(fileName);
+               pline = &file->cf_LineBase;
 
-                                       /* copy command */
-                                       (*pline)->cl_Shell = strdup(ptr);
-
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-                                       if (DebugOpt) {
-                                               crondlog("\111    Command %s\n", ptr);
-                                       }
-#endif
+               while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fi) != NULL && --maxLines) {
+                       CronLine *line;
+                       char *ptr;
 
-                                       pline = &((*pline)->cl_Next);
-                               }
-                               *pline = NULL;
+                       trim(buf);
+                       if (buf[0] == '\0' || buf[0] == '#') {
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       if (--maxEntries == 0) {
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (DebugOpt) {
+                               crondlog(LVL5 "user:%s entry:%s", fileName, buf);
+                       }
+                       *pline = line = xzalloc(sizeof(CronLine));
+                       /* parse date ranges */
+                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line->cl_Mins, 60, 0, NULL, buf);
+                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line->cl_Hrs, 24, 0, NULL, ptr);
+                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line->cl_Days, 32, 0, NULL, ptr);
+                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line->cl_Mons, 12, -1, MonAry, ptr);
+                       ptr = ParseField(file->cf_User, line->cl_Dow, 7, 0, DowAry, ptr);
+                       /* check failure */
+                       if (ptr == NULL) {
+                               free(line);
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       /*
+                        * fix days and dow - if one is not * and the other
+                        * is *, the other is set to 0, and vise-versa
+                        */
+                       FixDayDow(line);
+                       /* copy command */
+                       line->cl_Shell = xstrdup(ptr);
+                       if (DebugOpt) {
+                               crondlog(LVL5 " command:%s", ptr);
+                       }
+                       pline = &line->cl_Next;
+               }
+               *pline = NULL;
 
-                               file->cf_Next = FileBase;
-                               FileBase = file;
+               file->cf_Next = FileBase;
+               FileBase = file;
 
-                               if (maxLines == 0 || maxEntries == 0) {
-                                       crondlog("\111Maximum number of lines reached for user %s\n", fileName);
-                               }
-                       }
-                       fclose(fi);
+               if (maxLines == 0 || maxEntries == 0) {
+                       crondlog(WARN9 "maximum number of lines reached for user %s", fileName);
                }
        }
+       fclose(fi);
 }
 
 static void CheckUpdates(void)
@@ -550,6 +530,7 @@ static void CheckUpdates(void)
        if (fi != NULL) {
                unlink(CRONUPDATE);
                while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fi) != NULL) {
+                       /* use first word only */
                        SynchronizeFile(strtok(buf, " \t\r\n"));
                }
                fclose(fi);
@@ -558,16 +539,14 @@ static void CheckUpdates(void)
 
 static void SynchronizeDir(void)
 {
+       CronFile *file;
        /* Attempt to delete the database. */
-
-       for (;;) {
-               CronFile *file;
-
-               for (file = FileBase; file && file->cf_Deleted; file = file->cf_Next);
-               if (file == NULL) {
-                       break;
+ again:
+       for (file = FileBase; file; file = file->cf_Next) {
+               if (!file->cf_Deleted) {
+                       DeleteFile(file->cf_User);
+                       goto again;
                }
-               DeleteFile(file->cf_User);
        }
 
        /*
@@ -578,41 +557,36 @@ static void SynchronizeDir(void)
         *
         * scan directory and add associated users
         */
-
        unlink(CRONUPDATE);
        if (chdir(CDir) < 0) {
-               crondlog("\311cannot find %s\n", CDir);
+               crondlog(DIE9 "can't chdir(%s)", CDir);
        }
        {
                DIR *dir = opendir(".");
                struct dirent *den;
 
-               if (dir) {
-                       while ((den = readdir(dir))) {
-                               if (strchr(den->d_name, '.') != NULL) {
-                                       continue;
-                               }
-                               if (getpwnam(den->d_name)) {
-                                       SynchronizeFile(den->d_name);
-                               } else {
-                                       crondlog("\007ignoring %s\n", den->d_name);
-                               }
+               if (!dir)
+                       crondlog(DIE9 "can't chdir(%s)", "."); /* exits */
+               while ((den = readdir(dir))) {
+                       if (strchr(den->d_name, '.') != NULL) {
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       if (getpwnam(den->d_name)) {
+                               SynchronizeFile(den->d_name);
+                       } else {
+                               crondlog(LVL7 "ignoring %s", den->d_name);
                        }
-                       closedir(dir);
-               } else {
-                       crondlog("\311cannot open current dir!\n");
                }
+               closedir(dir);
        }
 }
 
-
 /*
  *  DeleteFile() - delete user database
  *
  *  Note: multiple entries for same user may exist if we were unable to
  *  completely delete a database due to running processes.
  */
-
 static void DeleteFile(const char *userName)
 {
        CronFile **pfile = &FileBase;
@@ -656,7 +630,6 @@ static void DeleteFile(const char *userName)
  * period is about a minute (one scan).  Worst case it will be one
  * hour (60 scans).
  */
-
 static int TestJobs(time_t t1, time_t t2)
 {
        int nJobs = 0;
@@ -665,40 +638,37 @@ static int TestJobs(time_t t1, time_t t2)
        /* Find jobs > t1 and <= t2 */
 
        for (t = t1 - t1 % 60; t <= t2; t += 60) {
-               if (t > t1) {
-                       struct tm *tp = localtime(&t);
-                       CronFile *file;
-                       CronLine *line;
+               struct tm *tp;
+               CronFile *file;
+               CronLine *line;
 
-                       for (file = FileBase; file; file = file->cf_Next) {
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
+               if (t <= t1)
+                       continue;
+
+               tp = localtime(&t);
+               for (file = FileBase; file; file = file->cf_Next) {
+                       if (DebugOpt)
+                               crondlog(LVL5 "file %s:", file->cf_User);
+                       if (file->cf_Deleted)
+                               continue;
+                       for (line = file->cf_LineBase; line; line = line->cl_Next) {
                                if (DebugOpt)
-                                       crondlog("\005FILE %s:\n", file->cf_User);
-#endif
-                               if (file->cf_Deleted)
-                                       continue;
-                               for (line = file->cf_LineBase; line; line = line->cl_Next) {
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-                                       if (DebugOpt)
-                                               crondlog("\005    LINE %s\n", line->cl_Shell);
-#endif
-                                       if (line->cl_Mins[tp->tm_min] && line->cl_Hrs[tp->tm_hour] &&
-                                               (line->cl_Days[tp->tm_mday] || line->cl_Dow[tp->tm_wday])
-                                               && line->cl_Mons[tp->tm_mon]) {
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
-                                               if (DebugOpt) {
-                                                       crondlog("\005    JobToDo: %d %s\n",
-                                                               line->cl_Pid, line->cl_Shell);
-                                               }
-#endif
-                                               if (line->cl_Pid > 0) {
-                                                       crondlog("\010    process already running: %s %s\n",
-                                                               file->cf_User, line->cl_Shell);
-                                               } else if (line->cl_Pid == 0) {
-                                                       line->cl_Pid = -1;
-                                                       file->cf_Ready = 1;
-                                                       ++nJobs;
-                                               }
+                                       crondlog(LVL5 " line %s", line->cl_Shell);
+                               if (line->cl_Mins[tp->tm_min] && line->cl_Hrs[tp->tm_hour]
+                                && (line->cl_Days[tp->tm_mday] || line->cl_Dow[tp->tm_wday])
+                                && line->cl_Mons[tp->tm_mon]
+                               ) {
+                                       if (DebugOpt) {
+                                               crondlog(LVL5 " job: %d %s",
+                                                       (int)line->cl_Pid, line->cl_Shell);
+                                       }
+                                       if (line->cl_Pid > 0) {
+                                               crondlog(LVL8 "user %s: process already running: %s",
+                                                       file->cf_User, line->cl_Shell);
+                                       } else if (line->cl_Pid == 0) {
+                                               line->cl_Pid = -1;
+                                               file->cf_Ready = 1;
+                                               ++nJobs;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
@@ -713,23 +683,21 @@ static void RunJobs(void)
        CronLine *line;
 
        for (file = FileBase; file; file = file->cf_Next) {
-               if (file->cf_Ready) {
-                       file->cf_Ready = 0;
-
-                       for (line = file->cf_LineBase; line; line = line->cl_Next) {
-                               if (line->cl_Pid < 0) {
-
-                                       RunJob(file->cf_User, line);
+               if (!file->cf_Ready)
+                       continue;
 
-                                       crondlog("\010USER %s pid %3d cmd %s\n",
-                                               file->cf_User, line->cl_Pid, line->cl_Shell);
-                                       if (line->cl_Pid < 0) {
-                                               file->cf_Ready = 1;
-                                       }
-                                       else if (line->cl_Pid > 0) {
-                                               file->cf_Running = 1;
-                                       }
-                               }
+               file->cf_Ready = 0;
+               for (line = file->cf_LineBase; line; line = line->cl_Next) {
+                       if (line->cl_Pid >= 0)
+                               continue;
+
+                       RunJob(file->cf_User, line);
+                       crondlog(LVL8 "USER %s pid %3d cmd %s",
+                               file->cf_User, (int)line->cl_Pid, line->cl_Shell);
+                       if (line->cl_Pid < 0) {
+                               file->cf_Ready = 1;
+                       } else if (line->cl_Pid > 0) {
+                               file->cf_Running = 1;
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -741,7 +709,6 @@ static void RunJobs(void)
  * Check for job completion, return number of jobs still running after
  * all done.
  */
-
 static int CheckJobs(void)
 {
        CronFile *file;
@@ -753,18 +720,18 @@ static int CheckJobs(void)
                        file->cf_Running = 0;
 
                        for (line = file->cf_LineBase; line; line = line->cl_Next) {
-                               if (line->cl_Pid > 0) {
-                                       int status;
-                                       int r = waitpid(line->cl_Pid, &status, WNOHANG);
-
-                                       if (r < 0 || r == line->cl_Pid) {
-                                               EndJob(file->cf_User, line);
-                                               if (line->cl_Pid) {
-                                                       file->cf_Running = 1;
-                                               }
-                                       } else if (r == 0) {
+                               int status, r;
+                               if (line->cl_Pid <= 0)
+                                       continue;
+
+                               r = waitpid(line->cl_Pid, &status, WNOHANG);
+                               if (r < 0 || r == line->cl_Pid) {
+                                       EndJob(file->cf_User, line);
+                                       if (line->cl_Pid) {
                                                file->cf_Running = 1;
                                        }
+                               } else if (r == 0) {
+                                       file->cf_Running = 1;
                                }
                        }
                }
@@ -773,45 +740,51 @@ static int CheckJobs(void)
        return nStillRunning;
 }
 
-
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_CROND_CALL_SENDMAIL
+
+// TODO: sendmail should be _run-time_ option, not compile-time!
+
 static void
-ForkJob(const char *user, CronLine * line, int mailFd,
+ForkJob(const char *user, CronLine *line, int mailFd,
                const char *prog, const char *cmd, const char *arg,
                const char *mail_filename)
 {
-       /* Fork as the user in question and run program */
-       pid_t pid = fork();
+       struct passwd *pas;
+       pid_t pid;
 
-       line->cl_Pid = pid;
+       /* prepare things before vfork */
+       pas = getpwnam(user);
+       if (!pas) {
+               crondlog(LVL9 "can't get uid for %s", user);
+               goto err;
+       }
+       SetEnv(pas);
+
+       pid = vfork();
        if (pid == 0) {
                /* CHILD */
-               /* Change running state to the user in question */
-
-               if (ChangeUser(user) < 0) {
-                       exit(0);
-               }
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
+               /* change running state to the user in question */
+               ChangeUser(pas);
                if (DebugOpt) {
-                       crondlog("\005Child Running %s\n", prog);
+                       crondlog(LVL5 "child running %s", prog);
                }
-#endif
-
                if (mailFd >= 0) {
                        xmove_fd(mailFd, mail_filename ? 1 : 0);
                        dup2(1, 2);
                }
                execl(prog, prog, cmd, arg, NULL);
-               crondlog("\024cannot exec, user %s cmd %s %s %s\n", user, prog, cmd, arg);
+               crondlog(ERR20 "can't exec, user %s cmd %s %s %s", user, prog, cmd, arg);
                if (mail_filename) {
                        fdprintf(1, "Exec failed: %s -c %s\n", prog, arg);
                }
-               exit(0);
+               _exit(0);
        }
 
+       line->cl_Pid = pid;
        if (pid < 0) {
                /* FORK FAILED */
-               crondlog("\024cannot fork\n");
+               crondlog(ERR20 "can't vfork");
+ err:
                line->cl_Pid = 0;
                if (mail_filename) {
                        unlink(mail_filename);
@@ -822,20 +795,20 @@ ForkJob(const char *user, CronLine * line, int mailFd,
                 */
                char mailFile2[128];
 
-               snprintf(mailFile2, sizeof(mailFile2), TMPDIR "/cron.%s.%d", user, pid);
+               snprintf(mailFile2, sizeof(mailFile2), "%s/cron.%s.%d", TMPDIR, user, pid);
                rename(mail_filename, mailFile2); // TODO: xrename?
        }
+
        /*
         * Close the mail file descriptor.. we can't just leave it open in
         * a structure, closing it later, because we might run out of descriptors
         */
-
        if (mailFd >= 0) {
                close(mailFd);
        }
 }
 
-static void RunJob(const char *user, CronLine * line)
+static void RunJob(const char *user, CronLine *line)
 {
        char mailFile[128];
        int mailFd;
@@ -844,8 +817,7 @@ static void RunJob(const char *user, CronLine * line)
        line->cl_MailFlag = 0;
 
        /* open mail file - owner root so nobody can screw with it. */
-
-       snprintf(mailFile, sizeof(mailFile), TMPDIR "/cron.%s.%d", user, getpid());
+       snprintf(mailFile, sizeof(mailFile), "%s/cron.%s.%d", TMPDIR, user, getpid());
        mailFd = open(mailFile, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY | O_EXCL | O_APPEND, 0600);
 
        if (mailFd >= 0) {
@@ -854,7 +826,8 @@ static void RunJob(const char *user, CronLine * line)
                        line->cl_Shell);
                line->cl_MailPos = lseek(mailFd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
        } else {
-               crondlog("\024cannot create mail file user %s file %s, output to /dev/null\n", user, mailFile);
+               crondlog(ERR20 "cannot create mail file %s for user %s, "
+                               "discarding output", mailFile, user);
        }
 
        ForkJob(user, line, mailFd, DEFAULT_SHELL, "-c", line->cl_Shell, mailFile);
@@ -863,15 +836,13 @@ static void RunJob(const char *user, CronLine * line)
 /*
  * EndJob - called when job terminates and when mail terminates
  */
-
-static void EndJob(const char *user, CronLine * line)
+static void EndJob(const char *user, CronLine *line)
 {
        int mailFd;
        char mailFile[128];
        struct stat sbuf;
 
        /* No job */
-
        if (line->cl_Pid <= 0) {
                line->cl_Pid = 0;
                return;
@@ -881,11 +852,10 @@ static void EndJob(const char *user, CronLine * line)
         * End of job and no mail file
         * End of sendmail job
         */
-
-       snprintf(mailFile, sizeof(mailFile), TMPDIR "/cron.%s.%d", user, line->cl_Pid);
+       snprintf(mailFile, sizeof(mailFile), "%s/cron.%s.%d", TMPDIR, user, line->cl_Pid);
        line->cl_Pid = 0;
 
-       if (line->cl_MailFlag != 1) {
+       if (line->cl_MailFlag == 0) {
                return;
        }
        line->cl_MailFlag = 0;
@@ -894,7 +864,6 @@ static void EndJob(const char *user, CronLine * line)
         * End of primary job - check for mail file.  If size has increased and
         * the file is still valid, we sendmail it.
         */
-
        mailFd = open(mailFile, O_RDONLY);
        unlink(mailFile);
        if (mailFd < 0) {
@@ -910,37 +879,43 @@ static void EndJob(const char *user, CronLine * line)
        }
        ForkJob(user, line, mailFd, SENDMAIL, SENDMAIL_ARGS, NULL);
 }
-#else
-/* crond without sendmail */
 
-static void RunJob(const char *user, CronLine * line)
+#else /* crond without sendmail */
+
+static void RunJob(const char *user, CronLine *line)
 {
-       /* Fork as the user in question and run program */
-       pid_t pid = fork();
+       struct passwd *pas;
+       pid_t pid;
+
+       /* prepare things before vfork */
+       pas = getpwnam(user);
+       if (!pas) {
+               crondlog(LVL9 "can't get uid for %s", user);
+               goto err;
+       }
+       SetEnv(pas);
 
+       /* fork as the user in question and run program */
+       pid = vfork();
        if (pid == 0) {
                /* CHILD */
-
-               /* Change running state to the user in question */
-
-               if (ChangeUser(user) < 0) {
-                       exit(0);
-               }
-#if ENABLE_DEBUG_CROND_OPTION
+               /* change running state to the user in question */
+               ChangeUser(pas);
                if (DebugOpt) {
-                       crondlog("\005Child Running %s\n", DEFAULT_SHELL);
+                       crondlog(LVL5 "child running %s", DEFAULT_SHELL);
                }
-#endif
-
                execl(DEFAULT_SHELL, DEFAULT_SHELL, "-c", line->cl_Shell, NULL);
-               crondlog("\024cannot exec, user %s cmd %s -c %s\n", user,
-                                DEFAULT_SHELL, line->cl_Shell);
-               exit(0);
-       } else if (pid < 0) {
+               crondlog(ERR20 "can't exec, user %s cmd %s %s %s", user,
+                                DEFAULT_SHELL, "-c", line->cl_Shell);
+               _exit(0);
+       }
+       if (pid < 0) {
                /* FORK FAILED */
-               crondlog("\024cannot, user %s\n", user);
+               crondlog(ERR20 "can't vfork");
+ err:
                pid = 0;
        }
        line->cl_Pid = pid;
 }
+
 #endif /* ENABLE_FEATURE_CROND_CALL_SENDMAIL */