=item 0
-The read operation was not successful, probably because no data was
-available. Call SSL_get_error() with the return value B<ret> to find out,
-whether an error occurred.
+The read operation was not successful, the SSL connection was closed by the
+peer by sending a "close notify" alert. The SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN flag in
+the ssl shutdown state is set (see L<SSL_shutdown(3)|SSL_shutdown(3)>,
+L<SSL_set_shutdown(3)|SSL_set_shutdown(3)>).
+Call SSL_get_error() with the return value B<ret> to find out,
+whether an error occurred or the connection was shut down cleanly
+(SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN).
+
+SSLv2 (deprecated) does not support a shutdown alert protocol, so it can
+only be detected, whether the underlying connection was closed. It cannot
+be checked, whether the closure was initiated by the peer or by something
+else.
=item E<lt>0
L<SSL_CTX_set_mode(3)|SSL_CTX_set_mode(3)>, L<SSL_CTX_new(3)|SSL_CTX_new(3)>,
L<SSL_connect(3)|SSL_connect(3)>, L<SSL_accept(3)|SSL_accept(3)>
L<SSL_set_connect_state(3)|SSL_set_connect_state(3)>,
+L<SSL_shutdown(3)|SSL_shutdown(3)>, L<SSL_set_shutdown(3)|SSL_set_shutdown(3)>,
L<ssl(3)|ssl(3)>, L<bio(3)|bio(3)>
=cut
the ssl session. If the session is still open, when
L<SSL_clear(3)|SSL_clear(3)> or L<SSL_free(3)|SSL_free(3)> is called,
it is considered bad and removed according to RFC2246.
-The actual condition for a correctly closed session is SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN.
+The actual condition for a correctly closed session is SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN
+(according to the TLS RFC, it is acceptable to only send the "close notify"
+alert but to not wait for the peer's answer, when the underlying connection
+is closed).
SSL_set_shutdown() can be used to set this state without sending a
close alert to the peer (see L<SSL_shutdown(3)|SSL_shutdown(3)>).
with 1.
=item If the peer already sent the "close notify" alert B<and> it was
-already processed implicitly inside another call of e.g.
-B<SSL_read(3)|SSL_read(3)>, SSL_shutdown() will send the "close notify"
-alert, set the SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN flag and will immediately return with 1.
+already processed implicitly inside another function
+(L<SSL_read(3)|SSL_read(3)>), the SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN flag is set.
+SSL_shutdown() will send the "close notify" alert, set the SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN
+flag and will immediately return with 1.
+Whether SSL_RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN is already set can be checked using the
+SSL_get_shutdown() (see also L<SSL_set_shutdown(3)|SSL_set_shutdown(3)> call.
=back
=item 0
-The write operation was not successful. Call SSL_get_error() with the return
-value B<ret> to find out, whether an error occurred.
+The write operation was not successful, because the write side of the
+SSL connection was shut down (the SSL_SENT_SHUTDOWN flag in the shutdown
+state is set) by calling L<SSL_shutdown(3)|SSL_shutdown(3)> or
+L<SSL_set_shutdown(3)|SSL_set_shutdown(3)>. It is also possible, that the
+underlying connection was closed.
+Call SSL_get_error() with the return value B<ret> to find out,
+whether an error occurred or the connection was shut down cleanly
+(SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN).
+
+SSLv2 (deprecated) does not support a shutdown alert protocol, so it can
+only be detected, whether the underlying connection was closed. It cannot
+be checked, why the closure happened.
=item E<lt>0