Remove asn1 module dependency from RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 implementation.

Remove asn1 module dependency from RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 implementation.

Replace use of the asn1 module (X509_SIG, X509_ALGOR, ASN1_TYPE,
ASN1_OCTET_STRING, i2d_X509_SIG(), etc.) as well as OID lookups using
OBJ_nid2obj() with pre-generated DigestInfo encodings for MD2, MD5, MDC-2,
SHA-1, SHA-2 and SHA-3; the encoding is selected based on the NID. This is
similar to the approach used by the old FOM.

Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tmraz@fedoraproject.org>
Reviewed-by: Shane Lontis <shane.lontis@oracle.com>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/9138)