More doc patches from Matt Kraai <kraai@alumni.carnegiemellon.edu>.
[oweals/busybox.git] / utility.c
index 37f698ea4452ff0711233a453a2f564c068782c0..e1e0f71a5ffa4f096c8d21741862664411f7b097 100644 (file)
--- a/utility.c
+++ b/utility.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 /* same conditions as recursiveAction */
 #define bb_need_name_too_long
 #endif
+#define bb_need_memory_exhausted
 #define BB_DECLARE_EXTERN
 #include "messages.c"
 
@@ -47,7 +48,6 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>                 /* for PATH_MAX */
 #include <sys/utsname.h>               /* for uname(2) */
 
 #if defined BB_FEATURE_MOUNT_LOOP
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ extern void usage(const char *usage)
        exit FALSE;
 }
 
-extern void errorMsg(char *s, ...)
+extern void errorMsg(const char *s, ...)
 {
        va_list p;
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ extern void errorMsg(char *s, ...)
        fflush(stderr);
 }
 
-extern void fatalError(char *s, ...)
+extern void fatalError(const char *s, ...)
 {
        va_list p;
 
@@ -112,12 +112,12 @@ extern void fatalError(char *s, ...)
        exit( FALSE);
 }
 
-#if defined (BB_INIT) || defined (BB_PS)
+#if defined BB_INIT
 /* Returns kernel version encoded as major*65536 + minor*256 + patch,
  * so, for example,  to check if the kernel is greater than 2.2.11:
- *     if (get_kernel_revision() <= 2*65536+2*256+11) { <stuff> }
+ *     if (get_kernel_revision() <= 2*65536+2*256+11) { <stuff> }
  */
-int get_kernel_revision()
+extern int get_kernel_revision(void)
 {
        struct utsname name;
        int major = 0, minor = 0, patch = 0;
@@ -129,7 +129,17 @@ int get_kernel_revision()
        sscanf(name.version, "%d.%d.%d", &major, &minor, &patch);
        return major * 65536 + minor * 256 + patch;
 }
-#endif                                                 /* BB_INIT || BB_PS */
+#endif                                                 /* BB_INIT */
+
+
+
+#if defined BB_FREE || defined BB_INIT || defined BB_UNAME || defined BB_UPTIME
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
+#include <linux/unistd.h>
+_syscall1(int, sysinfo, struct sysinfo *, info);
+#endif                                                 /* BB_INIT */
+
+
 
 #if defined (BB_CP_MV) || defined (BB_DU)
 
@@ -235,15 +245,14 @@ int isDirectory(const char *fileName, const int followLinks, struct stat *statBu
 
 #if defined (BB_CP_MV)
 /*
- * Copy one file to another, while possibly preserving its modes, times,
- * and modes.  Returns TRUE if successful, or FALSE on a failure with an
- * error message output.  (Failure is not indicated if the attributes cannot
- * be set.)
- *  -Erik Andersen
+ * Copy one file to another, while possibly preserving its modes, times, and
+ * modes.  Returns TRUE if successful, or FALSE on a failure with an error
+ * message output.  (Failure is not indicated if attributes cannot be set.)
+ * -Erik Andersen
  */
 int
 copyFile(const char *srcName, const char *destName,
-                int setModes, int followLinks)
+                int setModes, int followLinks, int forceFlag)
 {
        int rfd;
        int wfd;
@@ -269,7 +278,8 @@ copyFile(const char *srcName, const char *destName,
        else
                status = lstat(destName, &dstStatBuf);
 
-       if (status < 0) {
+       if (status < 0 || forceFlag==TRUE) {
+               unlink(destName);
                dstStatBuf.st_ino = -1;
                dstStatBuf.st_dev = -1;
        }
@@ -289,12 +299,12 @@ copyFile(const char *srcName, const char *destName,
                        return FALSE;
                }
        } else if (S_ISLNK(srcStatBuf.st_mode)) {
-               char link_val[PATH_MAX + 1];
+               char link_val[BUFSIZ + 1];
                int link_size;
 
                //fprintf(stderr, "copying link %s to %s\n", srcName, destName);
-               /* Warning: This could possibly truncate silently, to PATH_MAX chars */
-               link_size = readlink(srcName, &link_val[0], PATH_MAX);
+               /* Warning: This could possibly truncate silently, to BUFSIZ chars */
+               link_size = readlink(srcName, &link_val[0], BUFSIZ);
                if (link_size < 0) {
                        perror(srcName);
                        return FALSE;
@@ -307,10 +317,8 @@ copyFile(const char *srcName, const char *destName,
                }
 #if (__GLIBC__ >= 2) && (__GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 1)
                if (setModes == TRUE) {
-                       if (lchown(destName, srcStatBuf.st_uid, srcStatBuf.st_gid) < 0) {
-                               perror(destName);
-                               return FALSE;
-                       }
+                       /* Try to set owner, but fail silently like GNU cp */
+                       lchown(destName, srcStatBuf.st_uid, srcStatBuf.st_gid);
                }
 #endif
                return TRUE;
@@ -525,10 +533,12 @@ int fullRead(int fd, char *buf, int len)
 
 
 #if defined (BB_CHMOD_CHOWN_CHGRP) \
- || defined (BB_CP_MV)            \
- || defined (BB_FIND)             \
- || defined (BB_LS)               \
- || defined (BB_INSMOD)
+ || defined (BB_CP_MV)                 \
+ || defined (BB_FIND)                  \
+ || defined (BB_INSMOD)                        \
+ || defined (BB_RM)                            \
+ || defined (BB_TAR)
+
 /*
  * Walk down all the directories under the specified 
  * location, and do something (something specified
@@ -542,9 +552,12 @@ int fullRead(int fd, char *buf, int len)
 int recursiveAction(const char *fileName,
                                        int recurse, int followLinks, int depthFirst,
                                        int (*fileAction) (const char *fileName,
-                                                                          struct stat * statbuf),
+                                                                          struct stat * statbuf,
+                                                                          void* userData),
                                        int (*dirAction) (const char *fileName,
-                                                                         struct stat * statbuf))
+                                                                         struct stat * statbuf,
+                                                                         void* userData),
+                                       void* userData)
 {
        int status;
        struct stat statbuf;
@@ -569,13 +582,13 @@ int recursiveAction(const char *fileName,
                if (fileAction == NULL)
                        return TRUE;
                else
-                       return fileAction(fileName, &statbuf);
+                       return fileAction(fileName, &statbuf, userData);
        }
 
        if (recurse == FALSE) {
                if (S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)) {
                        if (dirAction != NULL)
-                               return (dirAction(fileName, &statbuf));
+                               return (dirAction(fileName, &statbuf, userData));
                        else
                                return TRUE;
                }
@@ -590,27 +603,28 @@ int recursiveAction(const char *fileName,
                        return FALSE;
                }
                if (dirAction != NULL && depthFirst == FALSE) {
-                       status = dirAction(fileName, &statbuf);
+                       status = dirAction(fileName, &statbuf, userData);
                        if (status == FALSE) {
                                perror(fileName);
                                return FALSE;
                        }
                }
                while ((next = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-                       char nextFile[PATH_MAX + 1];
+                       char nextFile[BUFSIZ + 1];
 
                        if ((strcmp(next->d_name, "..") == 0)
                                || (strcmp(next->d_name, ".") == 0)) {
                                continue;
                        }
-                       if (strlen(fileName) + strlen(next->d_name) + 1 > PATH_MAX) {
+                       if (strlen(fileName) + strlen(next->d_name) + 1 > BUFSIZ) {
                                fprintf(stderr, name_too_long, "ftw");
                                return FALSE;
                        }
+                       memset(nextFile, 0, sizeof(nextFile));
                        sprintf(nextFile, "%s/%s", fileName, next->d_name);
                        status =
                                recursiveAction(nextFile, TRUE, followLinks, depthFirst,
-                                                               fileAction, dirAction);
+                                                               fileAction, dirAction, userData);
                        if (status < 0) {
                                closedir(dir);
                                return FALSE;
@@ -622,7 +636,7 @@ int recursiveAction(const char *fileName,
                        return FALSE;
                }
                if (dirAction != NULL && depthFirst == TRUE) {
-                       status = dirAction(fileName, &statbuf);
+                       status = dirAction(fileName, &statbuf, userData);
                        if (status == FALSE) {
                                perror(fileName);
                                return FALSE;
@@ -632,7 +646,7 @@ int recursiveAction(const char *fileName,
                if (fileAction == NULL)
                        return TRUE;
                else
-                       return fileAction(fileName, &statbuf);
+                       return fileAction(fileName, &statbuf, userData);
        }
        return TRUE;
 }
@@ -652,7 +666,7 @@ extern int createPath(const char *name, int mode)
 {
        char *cp;
        char *cpOld;
-       char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
+       char buf[BUFSIZ + 1];
        int retVal = 0;
 
        strcpy(buf, name);
@@ -778,22 +792,32 @@ extern int parse_mode(const char *s, mode_t * theMode)
 
 
 
+#if defined BB_CHMOD_CHOWN_CHGRP || defined BB_PS || defined BB_LS || defined BB_TAR || defined BB_ID 
 
-
-#if defined (BB_CHMOD_CHOWN_CHGRP) || defined (BB_PS)
-
-/* Use this to avoid needing the glibc NSS stuff 
- * This uses storage buf to hold things.
- * */
-uid_t my_getid(const char *filename, char *name, uid_t id)
+/* This parses entries in /etc/passwd and /etc/group.  This is desirable
+ * for BusyBox, since we want to avoid using the glibc NSS stuff, which
+ * increases target size and is often not needed or wanted for embedded
+ * systems.
+ *
+ * /etc/passwd entries look like this: 
+ *             root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
+ * and /etc/group entries look like this: 
+ *             root:x:0:
+ *
+ * This uses buf as storage to hold things.
+ * 
+ */
+unsigned long my_getid(const char *filename, char *name, unsigned long id, unsigned long *gid)
 {
        FILE *file;
        char *rname, *start, *end, buf[128];
-       uid_t rid;
+       unsigned long rid;
+       unsigned long rgid = 0;
 
        file = fopen(filename, "r");
        if (file == NULL) {
-               perror(filename);
+               /* Do not complain.  It is ok for /etc/passwd and
+                * friends to be missing... */
                return (-1);
        }
 
@@ -801,6 +825,7 @@ uid_t my_getid(const char *filename, char *name, uid_t id)
                if (buf[0] == '#')
                        continue;
 
+               /* username/group name */
                start = buf;
                end = strchr(start, ':');
                if (end == NULL)
@@ -808,24 +833,32 @@ uid_t my_getid(const char *filename, char *name, uid_t id)
                *end = '\0';
                rname = start;
 
+               /* password */
                start = end + 1;
                end = strchr(start, ':');
                if (end == NULL)
                        continue;
 
+               /* uid in passwd, gid in group */
                start = end + 1;
-               rid = (uid_t) strtol(start, &end, 10);
+               rid = (unsigned long) strtol(start, &end, 10);
                if (end == start)
                        continue;
 
+               /* gid in passwd */
+               start = end + 1;
+               rgid = (unsigned long) strtol(start, &end, 10);
+               
                if (name) {
                        if (0 == strcmp(rname, name)) {
+                           if (gid) *gid = rgid;
                                fclose(file);
                                return (rid);
                        }
                }
                if (id != -1 && id == rid) {
                        strncpy(name, rname, 8);
+                       if (gid) *gid = rgid;
                        fclose(file);
                        return (TRUE);
                }
@@ -834,33 +867,42 @@ uid_t my_getid(const char *filename, char *name, uid_t id)
        return (-1);
 }
 
-uid_t my_getpwnam(char *name)
+/* returns a uid given a username */
+unsigned long my_getpwnam(char *name)
 {
-       return my_getid("/etc/passwd", name, -1);
+       return my_getid("/etc/passwd", name, -1, NULL);
 }
 
-gid_t my_getgrnam(char *name)
+/* returns a gid given a group name */
+unsigned long my_getgrnam(char *name)
 {
-       return my_getid("/etc/group", name, -1);
+       return my_getid("/etc/group", name, -1, NULL);
 }
 
-void my_getpwuid(char *name, uid_t uid)
+/* gets a username given a uid */
+void my_getpwuid(char *name, unsigned long uid)
 {
-       my_getid("/etc/passwd", name, uid);
+       my_getid("/etc/passwd", name, uid, NULL);
 }
 
-void my_getgrgid(char *group, gid_t gid)
+/* gets a groupname given a gid */
+void my_getgrgid(char *group, unsigned long gid)
 {
-       my_getid("/etc/group", group, gid);
+       my_getid("/etc/group", group, gid, NULL);
 }
 
+/* gets a gid given a user name */
+unsigned long my_getpwnamegid(char *name)
+{
+       unsigned long gid;
+       my_getid("/etc/passwd", name, -1, &gid);
+       return gid;
+}
 
-#endif                                                 /* BB_CHMOD_CHOWN_CHGRP || BB_PS */
-
-
+#endif /* BB_CHMOD_CHOWN_CHGRP || BB_PS || BB_LS || BB_TAR || BB_ID */ 
 
 
-#if (defined BB_CHVT) || (defined BB_DEALLOCVT)
+#if (defined BB_CHVT) || (defined BB_DEALLOCVT) || (defined BB_SETKEYCODES)
 
 
 #include <linux/kd.h>
@@ -945,7 +987,7 @@ int get_console_fd(char *tty_name)
 }
 
 
-#endif                                                 /* BB_CHVT || BB_DEALLOCVT */
+#endif                                                 /* BB_CHVT || BB_DEALLOCVT || BB_SETKEYCODES */
 
 
 #if !defined BB_REGEXP && (defined BB_GREP || defined BB_SED)
@@ -1005,15 +1047,6 @@ extern int replace_match(char *haystack, char *needle, char *newNeedle,
        while (where != NULL) {
                foundOne++;
                strcpy(oldhayStack, haystack);
-#if 0
-               if (strlen(newNeedle) > strlen(needle)) {
-                       haystack =
-                               (char *) realloc(haystack,
-                                                                (unsigned) (strlen(haystack) -
-                                                                                        strlen(needle) +
-                                                                                        strlen(newNeedle)));
-               }
-#endif
                for (slider = haystack, slider1 = oldhayStack; slider != where;
                         slider++, slider1++);
                *slider = 0;
@@ -1033,7 +1066,7 @@ extern int replace_match(char *haystack, char *needle, char *newNeedle,
 #endif                                                 /* ! BB_REGEXP && (BB_GREP || BB_SED) */
 
 
-#if defined BB_FIND
+#if defined BB_FIND || defined BB_INSMOD
 /*
  * Routine to see if a text string is matched by a wildcard pattern.
  * Returns TRUE if the text is matched, or FALSE if it is not matched
@@ -1054,6 +1087,7 @@ extern int check_wildcard_match(const char *text, const char *pattern)
        const char *retryText;
        int ch;
        int found;
+       int len;
 
        retryPat = NULL;
        retryText = NULL;
@@ -1080,11 +1114,18 @@ extern int check_wildcard_match(const char *text, const char *pattern)
                                if (*text == ch)
                                        found = TRUE;
                        }
-
-                       //if (!found)
+                       len=strlen(text);
+                       if (found == FALSE && len!=0) {
+                               return FALSE;
+                       }
                        if (found == TRUE) {
-                               pattern = retryPat;
-                               text = ++retryText;
+                               if (strlen(pattern)==0 && len==1) {
+                                       return TRUE;
+                               }
+                               if (len!=0) {
+                                       text++;
+                                       continue;
+                               }
                        }
 
                        /* fall into next case */
@@ -1125,7 +1166,7 @@ extern int check_wildcard_match(const char *text, const char *pattern)
 
        return TRUE;
 }
-#endif                                                 /* BB_FIND */
+#endif                            /* BB_FIND || BB_INSMOD */
 
 
 
@@ -1256,17 +1297,15 @@ extern int device_open(char *device, int mode)
  *  This finds the pid of the specified process,
  *  by using the /dev/ps device driver.
  *
- *  [return]
- *  0      failure
- *  pid            when the pid is found.
+ *  Returns a list of all matching PIDs
  */
-extern pid_t findPidByName( char* pidName)
+extern pid_t* findPidByName( char* pidName)
 {
-       int fd, i;
+       int fd, i, j;
        char device[] = "/dev/ps";
-       pid_t thePid = 0;
        pid_t num_pids;
        pid_t* pid_array = NULL;
+       pid_t* pidList=NULL;
 
        /* open device */ 
        fd = open(device, O_RDONLY);
@@ -1289,18 +1328,32 @@ extern pid_t findPidByName( char* pidName)
                fatalError( "\nDEVPS_GET_PID_LIST: %s\n", strerror (errno));
 
        /* Now search for a match */
-       for (i=1; i<pid_array[0] ; i++) {
+       for (i=1, j=0; i<pid_array[0] ; i++) {
+               char* p;
                struct pid_info info;
 
            info.pid = pid_array[i];
            if (ioctl (fd, DEVPS_GET_PID_INFO, &info)<0)
                        fatalError( "\nDEVPS_GET_PID_INFO: %s\n", strerror (errno));
 
-               if ((strstr(info.command_line, pidName) != NULL)) {
-                       thePid = info.pid;
-                       break;
+               /* Make sure we only match on the process name */
+               p=info.command_line+1;
+               while ((*p != 0) && !isspace(*(p)) && (*(p-1) != '\\')) { 
+                       (p)++;
+               }
+               if (isspace(*(p)))
+                               *p='\0';
+
+               if ((strstr(info.command_line, pidName) != NULL)
+                               && (strlen(pidName) == strlen(info.command_line))) {
+                       pidList=realloc( pidList, sizeof(pid_t) * (j+2));
+                       if (pidList==NULL)
+                               fatalError(memory_exhausted, "");
+                       pidList[j++]=info.pid;
                }
        }
+       if (pidList)
+               pidList[j]=0;
 
        /* Free memory */
        free( pid_array);
@@ -1309,7 +1362,7 @@ extern pid_t findPidByName( char* pidName)
        if (close (fd) != 0) 
                fatalError( "close failed for `%s': %s\n",device, strerror (errno));
 
-       return thePid;
+       return pidList;
 }
 #else          /* BB_FEATURE_USE_DEVPS_PATCH */
 #if ! defined BB_FEATURE_USE_PROCFS
@@ -1322,14 +1375,14 @@ extern pid_t findPidByName( char* pidName)
  *  Currently, it's implemented by rummaging through 
  *  the proc filesystem.
  *
- *  [return]
- *  0      failure
- *  pid            when the pid is found.
+ *  Returns a list of all matching PIDs
  */
-extern pid_t findPidByName( char* pidName)
+extern pid_t* findPidByName( char* pidName)
 {
        DIR *dir;
        struct dirent *next;
+       pid_t* pidList=NULL;
+       int i=0;
 
        dir = opendir("/proc");
        if (!dir)
@@ -1339,12 +1392,13 @@ extern pid_t findPidByName( char* pidName)
                FILE *status;
                char filename[256];
                char buffer[256];
+               char* p;
 
                /* If it isn't a number, we don't want it */
                if (!isdigit(*next->d_name))
                        continue;
 
-               /* Now open the command line file */
+               /* Now open the status file */
                sprintf(filename, "/proc/%s/status", next->d_name);
                status = fopen(filename, "r");
                if (!status) {
@@ -1353,11 +1407,27 @@ extern pid_t findPidByName( char* pidName)
                fgets(buffer, 256, status);
                fclose(status);
 
-               if ((strstr(buffer, pidName) != NULL)) {
-                       return strtol(next->d_name, NULL, 0);
+               /* Make sure we only match on the process name */
+               p=buffer+5; /* Skip the name */
+               while ((p)++) {
+                       if (*p==0 || *p=='\n') {
+                               *p='\0';
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+               p=buffer+6; /* Skip the "Name:\t" */
+
+               if ((strstr(p, pidName) != NULL)
+                               && (strlen(pidName) == strlen(p))) {
+                       pidList=realloc( pidList, sizeof(pid_t) * (i+2));
+                       if (pidList==NULL)
+                               fatalError(memory_exhausted, "");
+                       pidList[i++]=strtol(next->d_name, NULL, 0);
                }
        }
-       return 0;
+       if (pidList)
+               pidList[i]=0;
+       return pidList;
 }
 #endif                                                 /* BB_FEATURE_USE_DEVPS_PATCH */
 #endif                                                 /* BB_KILLALL || ( BB_FEATURE_LINUXRC && ( BB_HALT || BB_REBOOT || BB_POWEROFF )) */
@@ -1368,7 +1438,7 @@ extern void *xmalloc(size_t size)
        void *cp = malloc(size);
 
        if (cp == NULL)
-               fatalError("out of memory");
+               fatalError(memory_exhausted, "");
        return cp;
 }
 
@@ -1469,25 +1539,29 @@ extern char *find_unused_loop_device(void)
 }
 #endif                                                 /* BB_FEATURE_MOUNT_LOOP */
 
-#if defined BB_MOUNT
-char* find_real_root_device_name(void)
+#if defined BB_MOUNT || defined BB_DF || ( defined BB_UMOUNT && ! defined BB_MTAB)
+extern int find_real_root_device_name(char* name)
 {
-       int gotIt=0;
        DIR *dir;
        struct dirent *entry;
        struct stat statBuf, rootStat;
        char fileName[BUFSIZ];
 
-       if (stat("/", &rootStat) != 0)
-               fatalError("Wierd.  I could not stat '/'\n");
+       if (stat("/", &rootStat) != 0) {
+               errorMsg("could not stat '/'\n");
+               return( FALSE);
+       }
 
-       if (!(dir = opendir("/dev"));
-               fatalError("Wierd.  I could not open '/dev'\n");
+       dir = opendir("/dev");
+       if (!dir) {
+               errorMsg("could not open '/dev'\n");
+               return( FALSE);
+       }
 
        while((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+
                /* Must skip ".." since that is "/", and so we 
                 * would get a false positive on ".."  */
-
                if (strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0)
                        continue;
 
@@ -1495,26 +1569,93 @@ char* find_real_root_device_name(void)
 
                if (stat(fileName, &statBuf) != 0)
                        continue;
+               /* Some char devices have the same dev_t as block
+                * devices, so make sure this is a block device */
+               if (! S_ISBLK(statBuf.st_mode))
+                       continue;
                if (statBuf.st_rdev == rootStat.st_rdev) {
-                       return (strdup(fileName));
+                       strcpy(name, fileName); 
+                       return ( TRUE);
                }
        }
 
-       return( NULL);
+       return( FALSE);
 }
 #endif
 
+static const int GROWBY = 80; /* how large we will grow strings by */
 
-#if defined BB_MTAB
-#define whine_if_fstab_is_missing() {}
-#else
-extern void whine_if_fstab_is_missing()
+/* get_line_from_file() - This function reads an entire line from a text file
+ * up to a newline. It returns a malloc'ed char * which must be stored and
+ * free'ed  by the caller. */
+extern char *get_line_from_file(FILE *file)
 {
-       struct stat statBuf;
+       int ch;
+       int idx = 0;
+       char *linebuf = NULL;
+       int linebufsz = 0;
 
-       if (stat("/etc/fstab", &statBuf) < 0)
-               fprintf(stderr,
-                               "/etc/fstab file missing -- install one to name /dev/root.\n\n");
+       while (1) {
+               ch = fgetc(file);
+               if (ch == EOF)
+                       break;
+               /* grow the line buffer as necessary */
+               if (idx > linebufsz-1)
+                       linebuf = realloc(linebuf, linebufsz += GROWBY);
+               linebuf[idx++] = (char)ch;
+               if ((char)ch == '\n')
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       if (idx == 0)
+               return NULL;
+
+       linebuf[idx] = 0;
+       return linebuf;
+}
+
+#if defined BB_ECHO || defined BB_TR
+char process_escape_sequence(char **ptr)
+{
+       char c;
+
+       switch (c = *(*ptr)++) {
+       case 'a':
+               c = '\a';
+               break;
+       case 'b':
+               c = '\b';
+               break;
+       case 'f':
+               c = '\f';
+               break;
+       case 'n':
+               c = '\n';
+               break;
+       case 't':
+               c = '\t';
+               break;
+       case 'v':
+               c = '\v';
+               break;
+       case '\\':
+               c = '\\';
+               break;
+       case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
+       case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
+               c -= '0';
+               if ('0' <= **ptr && **ptr <= '7') {
+                       c = c * 8 + (*(*ptr)++ - '0');
+                       if ('0' <= **ptr && **ptr <= '7')
+                               c = c * 8 + (*(*ptr)++ - '0');
+               }
+               break;
+       default:
+               (*ptr)--;
+               c = '\\';
+               break;
+       }
+       return c;
 }
 #endif