random s/short/int/
[oweals/busybox.git] / shell / hush.c
index e6fa3d9a5217d1a5542691a0a2d6cbff8d5294fb..8afa15e8948933335f98c246fbf713922146e800 100644 (file)
 #include <getopt.h>    /* should be pretty obvious */
 /* #include <dmalloc.h> */
 
-extern char **environ; /* This is in <unistd.h>, but protected with __USE_GNU */
+#include "busybox.h" /* for APPLET_IS_NOFORK/NOEXEC */
 
-#include "busybox.h" /* for struct bb_applet */
+
+#if !BB_MMU && ENABLE_HUSH_TICK
+//#undef ENABLE_HUSH_TICK
+//#define ENABLE_HUSH_TICK 0
+#warning On NOMMU, hush command substitution is dangerous.
+#warning Dont use it for commands which produce lots of output.
+#warning For more info see shell/hush.c, generate_stream_from_list().
+#endif
+
+#if !BB_MMU && ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
+#undef ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
+#define ENABLE_HUSH_JOB 0
+#endif
+
+#if !ENABLE_HUSH_INTERACTIVE
+#undef ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
+#define ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING 0
+#undef ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT
+#define ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT 0
+#endif
 
 
 /* If you comment out one of these below, it will be #defined later
@@ -126,7 +145,8 @@ extern char **environ; /* This is in <unistd.h>, but protected with __USE_GNU */
 /* broken, of course, but OK for testing */
 static const char *indenter(int i)
 {
-       static const char blanks[] = "                                    ";
+       static const char blanks[] ALIGN1 =
+               "                                    ";
        return &blanks[sizeof(blanks) - i - 1];
 }
 #define debug_printf_clean(...) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)
@@ -134,13 +154,40 @@ static const char *indenter(int i)
 #endif
 
 
-#if !ENABLE_HUSH_INTERACTIVE
-#undef ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING
-#define ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING 0
-#undef ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT
-#define ENABLE_FEATURE_EDITING_FANCY_PROMPT 0
+/*
+ * Leak hunting. Use hush_leaktool.sh for post-processing.
+ */
+#ifdef FOR_HUSH_LEAKTOOL
+void *xxmalloc(int lineno, size_t size)
+{
+       void *ptr = xmalloc((size + 0xff) & ~0xff);
+       fprintf(stderr, "line %d: malloc %p\n", lineno, ptr);
+       return ptr;
+}
+void *xxrealloc(int lineno, void *ptr, size_t size)
+{
+       ptr = xrealloc(ptr, (size + 0xff) & ~0xff);
+       fprintf(stderr, "line %d: realloc %p\n", lineno, ptr);
+       return ptr;
+}
+char *xxstrdup(int lineno, const char *str)
+{
+       char *ptr = xstrdup(str);
+       fprintf(stderr, "line %d: strdup %p\n", lineno, ptr);
+       return ptr;
+}
+void xxfree(void *ptr)
+{
+       fprintf(stderr, "free %p\n", ptr);
+       free(ptr);
+}
+#define xmalloc(s)     xxmalloc(__LINE__, s)
+#define xrealloc(p, s) xxrealloc(__LINE__, p, s)
+#define xstrdup(s)     xxstrdup(__LINE__, s)
+#define free(p)        xxfree(p)
 #endif
 
+
 #define SPECIAL_VAR_SYMBOL   3
 
 #define PARSEFLAG_EXIT_FROM_LOOP 1
@@ -236,7 +283,7 @@ struct redir_struct {
        redir_type type;            /* type of redirection */
        int fd;                     /* file descriptor being redirected */
        int dup;                    /* -1, or file descriptor being duplicated */
-       glob_t word;                /* *word.gl_pathv is the filename */
+       char **glob_word;           /* *word.gl_pathv is the filename */
 };
 
 struct child_prog {
@@ -246,7 +293,6 @@ struct child_prog {
        smallint subshell;          /* flag, non-zero if group must be forked */
        smallint is_stopped;        /* is the program currently running? */
        struct redir_struct *redirects; /* I/O redirections */
-       glob_t glob_result;         /* result of parameter globbing */
        struct pipe *family;        /* pointer back to the child's parent pipe */
        //sp counting seems to be broken... so commented out, grep for '//sp:'
        //sp: int sp;               /* number of SPECIAL_VAR_SYMBOL */
@@ -276,11 +322,6 @@ struct pipe {
        smallint res_word;          /* needed for if, for, while, until... */
 };
 
-struct close_me {
-       struct close_me *next;
-       int fd;
-};
-
 /* On program start, environ points to initial environment.
  * putenv adds new pointers into it, unsetenv removes them.
  * Neither of these (de)allocates the strings.
@@ -299,8 +340,8 @@ typedef struct {
        char *data;
        int length;
        int maxlen;
-       int quote;
-       int nonnull;
+       smallint o_quote;
+       smallint nonnull;
 } o_string;
 #define NULL_O_STRING {NULL,0,0,0,0}
 /* used for initialization: o_string foo = NULL_O_STRING; */
@@ -361,7 +402,6 @@ struct globals {
        int global_argc;
        int last_return_code;
        const char *ifs;
-       struct close_me *close_me_head;
        const char *cwd;
        unsigned last_bg_pid;
        struct variable *top_var; /* = &shell_ver (set in main()) */
@@ -408,7 +448,6 @@ enum { run_list_level = 0 };
 #define last_return_code (G.last_return_code)
 #define ifs              (G.ifs             )
 #define fake_mode        (G.fake_mode       )
-#define close_me_head    (G.close_me_head   )
 #define cwd              (G.cwd             )
 #define last_bg_pid      (G.last_bg_pid     )
 #define top_var          (G.top_var         )
@@ -453,27 +492,6 @@ static void syntax_lineno(int line)
 #endif
 
 /* Index of subroutines: */
-/*   function prototypes for builtins */
-static int builtin_cd(char **argv);
-static int builtin_eval(char **argv);
-static int builtin_exec(char **argv);
-static int builtin_exit(char **argv);
-static int builtin_export(char **argv);
-#if ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
-static int builtin_fg_bg(char **argv);
-static int builtin_jobs(char **argv);
-#endif
-#if ENABLE_HUSH_HELP
-static int builtin_help(char **argv);
-#endif
-static int builtin_pwd(char **argv);
-static int builtin_read(char **argv);
-static int builtin_set(char **argv);
-static int builtin_shift(char **argv);
-static int builtin_source(char **argv);
-static int builtin_umask(char **argv);
-static int builtin_unset(char **argv);
-//static int builtin_not_written(char **argv);
 /*   o_string manipulation: */
 static int b_check_space(o_string *o, int len);
 static int b_addchr(o_string *o, int ch);
@@ -486,10 +504,6 @@ static int file_get(struct in_str *i);
 static int file_peek(struct in_str *i);
 static void setup_file_in_str(struct in_str *i, FILE *f);
 static void setup_string_in_str(struct in_str *i, const char *s);
-/*  close_me manipulations: */
-static void mark_open(int fd);
-static void mark_closed(int fd);
-static void close_all(void);
 /*  "run" the final data structures: */
 #if !defined(DEBUG_CLEAN)
 #define free_pipe_list(head, indent) free_pipe_list(head)
@@ -499,14 +513,14 @@ static int free_pipe_list(struct pipe *head, int indent);
 static int free_pipe(struct pipe *pi, int indent);
 /*  really run the final data structures: */
 static int setup_redirects(struct child_prog *prog, int squirrel[]);
-static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi);
+static int run_list(struct pipe *pi);
 static void pseudo_exec_argv(char **argv) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
 static void pseudo_exec(struct child_prog *child) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
-static int run_pipe_real(struct pipe *pi);
+static int run_pipe(struct pipe *pi);
 /*   extended glob support: */
-static int globhack(const char *src, int flags, glob_t *pglob);
+static char **globhack(const char *src, char **strings);
 static int glob_needed(const char *s);
-static int xglob(o_string *dest, int flags, glob_t *pglob);
+static int xglob(o_string *dest, char ***pglob);
 /*   variable assignment: */
 static int is_assignment(const char *s);
 /*   data structure manipulation: */
@@ -549,6 +563,82 @@ static struct variable *get_local_var(const char *name);
 static int set_local_var(char *str, int flg_export);
 static void unset_local_var(const char *name);
 
+
+static char **add_strings_to_strings(int need_xstrdup, char **strings, char **add)
+{
+       int i;
+       unsigned count1;
+       unsigned count2;
+       char **v;
+
+       v = strings;
+       count1 = 0;
+       if (v) {
+               while (*v) {
+                       count1++;
+                       v++;
+               }
+       }
+       count2 = 0;
+       v = add;
+       while (*v) {
+               count2++;
+               v++;
+       }
+       v = xrealloc(strings, (count1 + count2 + 1) * sizeof(char*));
+       v[count1 + count2] = NULL;
+       i = count2;
+       while (--i >= 0)
+               v[count1 + i] = need_xstrdup ? xstrdup(add[i]) : add[i];
+       return v;
+}
+
+/* 'add' should be a malloced pointer */
+static char **add_string_to_strings(char **strings, char *add)
+{
+       char *v[2];
+
+       v[0] = add;
+       v[1] = NULL;
+
+       return add_strings_to_strings(0, strings, v);
+}
+
+static void free_strings(char **strings)
+{
+       if (strings) {
+               char **v = strings;
+               while (*v)
+                       free(*v++);
+               free(strings);
+       }
+}
+
+
+/* Function prototypes for builtins */
+static int builtin_cd(char **argv);
+static int builtin_echo(char **argv);
+static int builtin_eval(char **argv);
+static int builtin_exec(char **argv);
+static int builtin_exit(char **argv);
+static int builtin_export(char **argv);
+#if ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
+static int builtin_fg_bg(char **argv);
+static int builtin_jobs(char **argv);
+#endif
+#if ENABLE_HUSH_HELP
+static int builtin_help(char **argv);
+#endif
+static int builtin_pwd(char **argv);
+static int builtin_read(char **argv);
+static int builtin_test(char **argv);
+static int builtin_set(char **argv);
+static int builtin_shift(char **argv);
+static int builtin_source(char **argv);
+static int builtin_umask(char **argv);
+static int builtin_unset(char **argv);
+//static int builtin_not_written(char **argv);
+
 /* Table of built-in functions.  They can be forked or not, depending on
  * context: within pipes, they fork.  As simple commands, they do not.
  * When used in non-forking context, they can change global variables
@@ -566,13 +656,18 @@ struct built_in_command {
 #endif
 };
 
+/* For now, echo and test are unconditionally enabled.
+ * Maybe make it configurable? */
 static const struct built_in_command bltins[] = {
+       BLTIN("["     , builtin_test, "Test condition"),
+       BLTIN("[["    , builtin_test, "Test condition"),
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
        BLTIN("bg"    , builtin_fg_bg, "Resume a job in the background"),
 #endif
 //     BLTIN("break" , builtin_not_written, "Exit for, while or until loop"),
        BLTIN("cd"    , builtin_cd, "Change working directory"),
 //     BLTIN("continue", builtin_not_written, "Continue for, while or until loop"),
+       BLTIN("echo"  , builtin_echo, "Write strings to stdout"),
        BLTIN("eval"  , builtin_eval, "Construct and run shell command"),
        BLTIN("exec"  , builtin_exec, "Exec command, replacing this shell with the exec'd process"),
        BLTIN("exit"  , builtin_exit, "Exit from shell"),
@@ -588,6 +683,7 @@ static const struct built_in_command bltins[] = {
        BLTIN("set"   , builtin_set, "Set/unset shell local variables"),
        BLTIN("shift" , builtin_shift, "Shift positional parameters"),
 //     BLTIN("trap"  , builtin_not_written, "Trap signals"),
+       BLTIN("test"  , builtin_test, "Test condition"),
 //     BLTIN("ulimit", builtin_not_written, "Controls resource limits"),
        BLTIN("umask" , builtin_umask, "Sets file creation mask"),
        BLTIN("unset" , builtin_unset, "Unset environment variable"),
@@ -663,6 +759,8 @@ static void handler_ctrl_z(int sig)
                return;
        ctrl_z_flag = 1;
        if (!pid) { /* child */
+               if (ENABLE_HUSH_JOB)
+                       die_sleep = 0; /* let nofork's xfuncs die */
                setpgrp();
                debug_printf_jobs("set pgrp for child %d ok\n", getpid());
                set_every_sighandler(SIG_DFL);
@@ -740,6 +838,29 @@ static const char *set_cwd(void)
        return cwd;
 }
 
+
+/* built-in 'test' handler */
+static int builtin_test(char **argv)
+{
+       int argc = 0;
+       while (*argv) {
+               argc++;
+               argv++;
+       }
+       return test_main(argc, argv - argc);
+}
+
+/* built-in 'test' handler */
+static int builtin_echo(char **argv)
+{
+       int argc = 0;
+       while (*argv) {
+               argc++;
+               argv++;
+       }
+       return echo_main(argc, argv - argc);
+}
+
 /* built-in 'eval' handler */
 static int builtin_eval(char **argv)
 {
@@ -759,9 +880,11 @@ static int builtin_eval(char **argv)
 static int builtin_cd(char **argv)
 {
        const char *newdir;
-       if (argv[1] == NULL)
+       if (argv[1] == NULL) {
+               // bash does nothing (exitcode 0) if HOME is ""; if it's unset,
+               // bash says "bash: cd: HOME not set" and does nothing (exitcode 1)
                newdir = getenv("HOME") ? : "/";
-       else
+       else
                newdir = argv[1];
        if (chdir(newdir)) {
                printf("cd: %s: %s\n", newdir, strerror(errno));
@@ -996,14 +1119,13 @@ static int builtin_source(char **argv)
                bb_error_msg("cannot open '%s'", argv[1]);
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
        }
+       close_on_exec_on(fileno(input));
 
        /* Now run the file */
        /* XXX argv and argc are broken; need to save old global_argv
         * (pointer only is OK!) on this stack frame,
         * set global_argv=argv+1, recurse, and restore. */
-       mark_open(fileno(input));
        status = parse_and_run_file(input);
-       mark_closed(fileno(input));
        fclose(input);
        return status;
 }
@@ -1067,16 +1189,14 @@ static void b_reset(o_string *o)
 {
        o->length = 0;
        o->nonnull = 0;
-       if (o->data != NULL)
-               *o->data = '\0';
+       if (o->data)
+               o->data[0] = '\0';
 }
 
 static void b_free(o_string *o)
 {
-       b_reset(o);
        free(o->data);
-       o->data = NULL;
-       o->maxlen = 0;
+       memset(o, 0, sizeof(*o));
 }
 
 /* My analysis of quoting semantics tells me that state information
@@ -1248,33 +1368,6 @@ static void setup_string_in_str(struct in_str *i, const char *s)
        i->eof_flag = 0;
 }
 
-static void mark_open(int fd)
-{
-       struct close_me *new = xmalloc(sizeof(struct close_me));
-       new->fd = fd;
-       new->next = close_me_head;
-       close_me_head = new;
-}
-
-static void mark_closed(int fd)
-{
-       struct close_me *tmp;
-       if (close_me_head == NULL || close_me_head->fd != fd)
-               bb_error_msg_and_die("corrupt close_me");
-       tmp = close_me_head;
-       close_me_head = close_me_head->next;
-       free(tmp);
-}
-
-static void close_all(void)
-{
-       struct close_me *c;
-       for (c = close_me_head; c; c = c->next) {
-               close(c->fd);
-       }
-       close_me_head = NULL;
-}
-
 /* squirrel != NULL means we squirrel away copies of stdin, stdout,
  * and stderr if they are redirected. */
 static int setup_redirects(struct child_prog *prog, int squirrel[])
@@ -1283,13 +1376,16 @@ static int setup_redirects(struct child_prog *prog, int squirrel[])
        struct redir_struct *redir;
 
        for (redir = prog->redirects; redir; redir = redir->next) {
-               if (redir->dup == -1 && redir->word.gl_pathv == NULL) {
+               if (redir->dup == -1 && redir->glob_word == NULL) {
                        /* something went wrong in the parse.  Pretend it didn't happen */
                        continue;
                }
                if (redir->dup == -1) {
+                       char *p;
                        mode = redir_table[redir->type].mode;
-                       openfd = open_or_warn(redir->word.gl_pathv[0], mode);
+                       p = expand_string_to_string(redir->glob_word[0]);
+                       openfd = open_or_warn(p, mode);
+                       free(p);
                        if (openfd < 0) {
                        /* this could get lost if stderr has been redirected, but
                           bash and ash both lose it as well (though zsh doesn't!) */
@@ -1304,7 +1400,7 @@ static int setup_redirects(struct child_prog *prog, int squirrel[])
                                squirrel[redir->fd] = dup(redir->fd);
                        }
                        if (openfd == -3) {
-                               close(openfd);
+                               //close(openfd); // close(-3) ??!
                        } else {
                                dup2(openfd, redir->fd);
                                if (redir->dup == -1)
@@ -1327,8 +1423,9 @@ static void restore_redirects(int squirrel[])
        }
 }
 
-/* never returns */
-/* XXX no exit() here.  If you don't exec, use _exit instead.
+/* Called after [v]fork() in run_pipe(), or from builtin_exec().
+ * Never returns.
+ * XXX no exit() here.  If you don't exec, use _exit instead.
  * The at_exit handlers apparently confuse the calling process,
  * in particular stdin handling.  Not sure why? -- because of vfork! (vda) */
 static void pseudo_exec_argv(char **argv)
@@ -1348,9 +1445,8 @@ static void pseudo_exec_argv(char **argv)
        /* If a variable is assigned in a forest, and nobody listens,
         * was it ever really set?
         */
-       if (argv[0] == NULL) {
+       if (!argv[0])
                _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
-       }
 
        argv = expand_strvec_to_strvec(argv);
 
@@ -1372,13 +1468,12 @@ static void pseudo_exec_argv(char **argv)
        /* Check if the command matches any busybox applets */
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_STANDALONE
        if (strchr(argv[0], '/') == NULL) {
-               const struct bb_applet *a = find_applet_by_name(argv[0]);
-               if (a) {
-                       if (a->noexec) {
-                               current_applet = a;
+               int a = find_applet_by_name(argv[0]);
+               if (a >= 0) {
+                       if (APPLET_IS_NOEXEC(a)) {
                                debug_printf_exec("running applet '%s'\n", argv[0]);
-// is it ok that run_current_applet_and_exit() does exit(), not _exit()?
-                               run_current_applet_and_exit(argv);
+// is it ok that run_applet_no_and_exit() does exit(), not _exit()?
+                               run_applet_no_and_exit(a, argv);
                        }
                        /* re-exec ourselves with the new arguments */
                        debug_printf_exec("re-execing applet '%s'\n", argv[0]);
@@ -1395,27 +1490,33 @@ static void pseudo_exec_argv(char **argv)
        _exit(1);
 }
 
+/* Called after [v]fork() in run_pipe()
+ */
 static void pseudo_exec(struct child_prog *child)
 {
 // FIXME: buggy wrt NOMMU! Must not modify any global data
-// until it does exec/_exit, but currently it does.
-       int rcode;
-
-       if (child->argv) {
+// until it does exec/_exit, but currently it does
+// (puts malloc'ed stuff into environment)
+       if (child->argv)
                pseudo_exec_argv(child->argv);
-       }
 
        if (child->group) {
-       // FIXME: do not modify globals! Think vfork!
+#if !BB_MMU
+               bb_error_msg_and_die("nested lists are not supported on NOMMU");
+#else
+               int rcode;
+
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_INTERACTIVE
-               debug_printf_exec("pseudo_exec: setting interactive_fd=0\n");
-               interactive_fd = 0;    /* crucial!!!! */
+// run_list_level now takes care of it?
+//             debug_printf_exec("pseudo_exec: setting interactive_fd=0\n");
+//             interactive_fd = 0;    /* crucial!!!! */
 #endif
-               debug_printf_exec("pseudo_exec: run_list_real\n");
-               rcode = run_list_real(child->group);
+               debug_printf_exec("pseudo_exec: run_list\n");
+               rcode = run_list(child->group);
                /* OK to leak memory by not calling free_pipe_list,
                 * since this process is about to exit */
                _exit(rcode);
+#endif
        }
 
        /* Can happen.  See what bash does with ">foo" by itself. */
@@ -1553,6 +1654,7 @@ static int checkjobs(struct pipe* fg_pipe)
 // + killall -STOP cat
 
  wait_more:
+// TODO: safe_waitpid?
        while ((childpid = waitpid(-1, &status, attributes)) > 0) {
                const int dead = WIFEXITED(status) || WIFSIGNALED(status);
 
@@ -1577,7 +1679,7 @@ static int checkjobs(struct pipe* fg_pipe)
                                        if (dead) {
                                                fg_pipe->progs[i].pid = 0;
                                                fg_pipe->running_progs--;
-                                               if (i == fg_pipe->num_progs-1)
+                                               if (i == fg_pipe->num_progs - 1)
                                                        /* last process gives overall exitstatus */
                                                        rcode = WEXITSTATUS(status);
                                        } else {
@@ -1658,13 +1760,13 @@ static int checkjobs_and_fg_shell(struct pipe* fg_pipe)
 }
 #endif
 
-/* run_pipe_real() starts all the jobs, but doesn't wait for anything
+/* run_pipe() starts all the jobs, but doesn't wait for anything
  * to finish.  See checkjobs().
  *
  * return code is normally -1, when the caller has to wait for children
  * to finish to determine the exit status of the pipe.  If the pipe
  * is a simple builtin command, however, the action is done by the
- * time run_pipe_real returns, and the exit code is provided as the
+ * time run_pipe returns, and the exit code is provided as the
  * return value.
  *
  * The input of the pipe is always stdin, the output is always
@@ -1677,11 +1779,11 @@ static int checkjobs_and_fg_shell(struct pipe* fg_pipe)
  * Returns -1 only if started some children. IOW: we have to
  * mask out retvals of builtins etc with 0xff!
  */
-static int run_pipe_real(struct pipe *pi)
+static int run_pipe(struct pipe *pi)
 {
        int i;
-       int nextin, nextout;
-       int pipefds[2];                         /* pipefds[0] is for reading */
+       int nextin;
+       int pipefds[2];         /* pipefds[0] is for reading */
        struct child_prog *child;
        const struct built_in_command *x;
        char *p;
@@ -1690,9 +1792,8 @@ static int run_pipe_real(struct pipe *pi)
        int rcode;
        const int single_fg = (pi->num_progs == 1 && pi->followup != PIPE_BG);
 
-       debug_printf_exec("run_pipe_real start: single_fg=%d\n", single_fg);
+       debug_printf_exec("run_pipe start: single_fg=%d\n", single_fg);
 
-       nextin = 0;
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
        pi->pgrp = -1;
 #endif
@@ -1707,11 +1808,11 @@ static int run_pipe_real(struct pipe *pi)
        if (single_fg && child->group && child->subshell == 0) {
                debug_printf("non-subshell grouping\n");
                setup_redirects(child, squirrel);
-               debug_printf_exec(": run_list_real\n");
-               rcode = run_list_real(child->group);
+               debug_printf_exec(": run_list\n");
+               rcode = run_list(child->group) & 0xff;
                restore_redirects(squirrel);
-               debug_printf_exec("run_pipe_real return %d\n", rcode);
-               return rcode; // do we need to add '... & 0xff' ?
+               debug_printf_exec("run_pipe return %d\n", rcode);
+               return rcode;
        }
 
        if (single_fg && child->argv != NULL) {
@@ -1753,14 +1854,14 @@ static int run_pipe_real(struct pipe *pi)
                                rcode = x->function(argv_expanded) & 0xff;
                                free(argv_expanded);
                                restore_redirects(squirrel);
-                               debug_printf_exec("run_pipe_real return %d\n", rcode);
+                               debug_printf_exec("run_pipe return %d\n", rcode);
                                return rcode;
                        }
                }
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_STANDALONE
                {
-                       const struct bb_applet *a = find_applet_by_name(argv[i]);
-                       if (a && a->nofork) {
+                       int a = find_applet_by_name(argv[i]);
+                       if (a >= 0 && APPLET_IS_NOFORK(a)) {
                                setup_redirects(child, squirrel);
                                save_nofork_data(&nofork_save);
                                argv_expanded = argv + i;
@@ -1770,20 +1871,21 @@ static int run_pipe_real(struct pipe *pi)
                                rcode = run_nofork_applet_prime(&nofork_save, a, argv_expanded) & 0xff;
                                free(argv_expanded);
                                restore_redirects(squirrel);
-                               debug_printf_exec("run_pipe_real return %d\n", rcode);
+                               debug_printf_exec("run_pipe return %d\n", rcode);
                                return rcode;
                        }
                }
 #endif
        }
 
-       /* Going to fork a child per each pipe member */
-       pi->running_progs = 0;
-
        /* Disable job control signals for shell (parent) and
         * for initial child code after fork */
        set_jobctrl_sighandler(SIG_IGN);
 
+       /* Going to fork a child per each pipe member */
+       pi->running_progs = 0;
+       nextin = 0;
+
        for (i = 0; i < pi->num_progs; i++) {
                child = &(pi->progs[i]);
                if (child->argv)
@@ -1792,49 +1894,36 @@ static int run_pipe_real(struct pipe *pi)
                        debug_printf_exec(": pipe member with no argv\n");
 
                /* pipes are inserted between pairs of commands */
-               if ((i + 1) < pi->num_progs) {
-                       pipe(pipefds);
-                       nextout = pipefds[1];
-               } else {
-                       nextout = 1;
-                       pipefds[0] = -1;
-               }
+               pipefds[0] = 0;
+               pipefds[1] = 1;
+               if ((i + 1) < pi->num_progs)
+                       xpipe(pipefds);
 
-               /* XXX test for failed fork()? */
-#if BB_MMU
-               child->pid = fork();
-#else
-               child->pid = vfork();
-#endif
+               child->pid = BB_MMU ? fork() : vfork();
                if (!child->pid) { /* child */
-                       /* Every child adds itself to new process group
-                        * with pgid == pid of first child in pipe */
+                       if (ENABLE_HUSH_JOB)
+                               die_sleep = 0; /* let nofork's xfuncs die */
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
+                       /* Every child adds itself to new process group
+                        * with pgid == pid_of_first_child_in_pipe */
                        if (run_list_level == 1 && interactive_fd) {
+                               pid_t pgrp;
                                /* Don't do pgrp restore anymore on fatal signals */
                                set_fatal_sighandler(SIG_DFL);
-                               if (pi->pgrp < 0) /* true for 1st process only */
-                                       pi->pgrp = getpid();
-                               if (setpgid(0, pi->pgrp) == 0 && pi->followup != PIPE_BG) {
+                               pgrp = pi->pgrp;
+                               if (pgrp < 0) /* true for 1st process only */
+                                       pgrp = getpid();
+                               if (setpgid(0, pgrp) == 0 && pi->followup != PIPE_BG) {
                                        /* We do it in *every* child, not just first,
                                         * to avoid races */
-                                       tcsetpgrp(interactive_fd, pi->pgrp);
+                                       tcsetpgrp(interactive_fd, pgrp);
                                }
                        }
 #endif
-                       /* in non-interactive case fatal sigs are already SIG_DFL */
-                       close_all();
-                       if (nextin != 0) {
-                               dup2(nextin, 0);
-                               close(nextin);
-                       }
-                       if (nextout != 1) {
-                               dup2(nextout, 1);
-                               close(nextout);
-                       }
-                       if (pipefds[0] != -1) {
-                               close(pipefds[0]);  /* opposite end of our output pipe */
-                       }
+                       xmove_fd(nextin, 0);
+                       xmove_fd(pipefds[1], 1); /* write end */
+                       if (pipefds[0] > 1)
+                               close(pipefds[0]); /* read end */
                        /* Like bash, explicit redirects override pipes,
                         * and the pipe fd is available for dup'ing. */
                        setup_redirects(child, NULL);
@@ -1843,26 +1932,35 @@ static int run_pipe_real(struct pipe *pi)
                        set_jobctrl_sighandler(SIG_DFL);
                        set_misc_sighandler(SIG_DFL);
                        signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
-                       pseudo_exec(child);
+                       pseudo_exec(child); /* does not return */
                }
 
-               pi->running_progs++;
-
+               if (child->pid < 0) { /* [v]fork failed */
+                       /* Clearly indicate, was it fork or vfork */
+                       bb_perror_msg(BB_MMU ? "fork" : "vfork");
+               } else {
+                       pi->running_progs++;
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
-               /* Second and next children need to know pid of first one */
-               if (pi->pgrp < 0)
-                       pi->pgrp = child->pid;
+                       /* Second and next children need to know pid of first one */
+                       if (pi->pgrp < 0)
+                               pi->pgrp = child->pid;
 #endif
-               if (nextin != 0)
-                       close(nextin);
-               if (nextout != 1)
-                       close(nextout);
+               }
 
-               /* If there isn't another process, nextin is garbage
-                  but it doesn't matter */
+               if (i)
+                       close(nextin);
+               if ((i + 1) < pi->num_progs)
+                       close(pipefds[1]); /* write end */
+               /* Pass read (output) pipe end to next iteration */
                nextin = pipefds[0];
        }
-       debug_printf_exec("run_pipe_real return -1\n");
+
+       if (!pi->running_progs) {
+               debug_printf_exec("run_pipe return 1 (all forks failed, no children)\n");
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       debug_printf_exec("run_pipe return -1 (%u children started)\n", pi->running_progs);
        return -1;
 }
 
@@ -1931,7 +2029,7 @@ static void debug_print_tree(struct pipe *pi, int lvl)
 
 /* NB: called by pseudo_exec, and therefore must not modify any
  * global data until exec/_exit (we can be a child after vfork!) */
-static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
+static int run_list(struct pipe *pi)
 {
        struct pipe *rpipe;
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_LOOPS
@@ -1940,7 +2038,6 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
        char **for_list = NULL;
        int flag_rep = 0;
 #endif
-       int save_num_progs;
        int flag_skip = 1;
        int rcode = 0; /* probably for gcc only */
        int flag_restore = 0;
@@ -1952,7 +2049,7 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
        reserved_style rword;
        reserved_style skip_more_for_this_rword = RES_XXXX;
 
-       debug_printf_exec("run_list_real start lvl %d\n", run_list_level + 1);
+       debug_printf_exec("run_list start lvl %d\n", run_list_level + 1);
 
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_LOOPS
        /* check syntax for "for" */
@@ -1961,7 +2058,7 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
                 && (rpipe->next == NULL)
                ) {
                        syntax("malformed for"); /* no IN or no commands after IN */
-                       debug_printf_exec("run_list_real lvl %d return 1\n", run_list_level);
+                       debug_printf_exec("run_list lvl %d return 1\n", run_list_level);
                        return 1;
                }
                if ((rpipe->res_word == RES_IN && rpipe->next->res_word == RES_IN && rpipe->next->progs[0].argv != NULL)
@@ -1969,7 +2066,7 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
                ) {
                        /* TODO: what is tested in the first condition? */
                        syntax("malformed for"); /* 2nd condition: not followed by IN */
-                       debug_printf_exec("run_list_real lvl %d return 1\n", run_list_level);
+                       debug_printf_exec("run_list lvl %d return 1\n", run_list_level);
                        return 1;
                }
        }
@@ -2003,7 +2100,7 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
                                insert_bg_job(pi);
                        } else {
                                /* ctrl-C. We just stop doing whatever we were doing */
-                               putchar('\n');
+                               bb_putchar('\n');
                        }
                        rcode = 0;
                        goto ret;
@@ -2017,9 +2114,10 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
                signal_SA_RESTART(SIGTSTP, handler_ctrl_z);
                signal(SIGINT, handler_ctrl_c);
        }
-#endif
+#endif /* JOB */
 
        for (; pi; pi = flag_restore ? rpipe : pi->next) {
+//why?         int save_num_progs;
                rword = pi->res_word;
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_LOOPS
                if (rword == RES_WHILE || rword == RES_UNTIL || rword == RES_FOR) {
@@ -2052,6 +2150,7 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_LOOPS
                if (rword == RES_FOR && pi->num_progs) {
                        if (!for_lcur) {
+                               /* first loop through for */
                                /* if no variable values after "in" we skip "for" */
                                if (!pi->next->progs->argv)
                                        continue;
@@ -2064,17 +2163,16 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
                        }
                        free(pi->progs->argv[0]);
                        if (!*for_lcur) {
+                               /* for loop is over, clean up */
                                free(for_list);
                                for_lcur = NULL;
                                flag_rep = 0;
                                pi->progs->argv[0] = for_varname;
-                               pi->progs->glob_result.gl_pathv[0] = pi->progs->argv[0];
                                continue;
                        }
                        /* insert next value from for_lcur */
                        /* vda: does it need escaping? */
                        pi->progs->argv[0] = xasprintf("%s=%s", for_varname, *for_lcur++);
-                       pi->progs->glob_result.gl_pathv[0] = pi->progs->argv[0];
                }
                if (rword == RES_IN)
                        continue;
@@ -2092,12 +2190,12 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
 #endif
                if (pi->num_progs == 0)
                        continue;
-               save_num_progs = pi->num_progs; /* save number of programs */
-               debug_printf_exec(": run_pipe_real with %d members\n", pi->num_progs);
-               rcode = run_pipe_real(pi);
+//why?         save_num_progs = pi->num_progs;
+               debug_printf_exec(": run_pipe with %d members\n", pi->num_progs);
+               rcode = run_pipe(pi);
                if (rcode != -1) {
                        /* We only ran a builtin: rcode was set by the return value
-                        * of run_pipe_real(), and we don't need to wait for anything. */
+                        * of run_pipe(), and we don't need to wait for anything. */
                } else if (pi->followup == PIPE_BG) {
                        /* What does bash do with attempts to background builtins? */
                        /* Even bash 3.2 doesn't do that well with nested bg:
@@ -2110,7 +2208,6 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
                        rcode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
                } else {
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
-                       /* Paranoia, just "interactive_fd" should be enough? */
                        if (run_list_level == 1 && interactive_fd) {
                                /* waits for completion, then fg's main shell */
                                rcode = checkjobs_and_fg_shell(pi);
@@ -2124,7 +2221,7 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
                }
                debug_printf_exec(": setting last_return_code=%d\n", rcode);
                last_return_code = rcode;
-               pi->num_progs = save_num_progs; /* restore number of programs */
+//why?         pi->num_progs = save_num_progs;
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_IF
                if (rword == RES_IF || rword == RES_ELIF)
                        next_if_code = rcode;  /* can be overwritten a number of times */
@@ -2155,7 +2252,7 @@ static int run_list_real(struct pipe *pi)
                signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
        }
 #endif
-       debug_printf_exec("run_list_real lvl %d return %d\n", run_list_level + 1, rcode);
+       debug_printf_exec("run_list lvl %d return %d\n", run_list_level + 1, rcode);
        return rcode;
 }
 
@@ -2177,7 +2274,7 @@ static int free_pipe(struct pipe *pi, int indent)
                        for (a = 0, p = child->argv; *p; a++, p++) {
                                debug_printf_clean("%s   argv[%d] = %s\n", indenter(indent), a, *p);
                        }
-                       globfree(&child->glob_result);
+                       free_strings(child->argv);
                        child->argv = NULL;
                } else if (child->group) {
                        debug_printf_clean("%s   begin group (subshell:%d)\n", indenter(indent), child->subshell);
@@ -2190,9 +2287,10 @@ static int free_pipe(struct pipe *pi, int indent)
                        debug_printf_clean("%s   redirect %d%s", indenter(indent), r->fd, redir_table[r->type].descrip);
                        if (r->dup == -1) {
                                /* guard against the case >$FOO, where foo is unset or blank */
-                               if (r->word.gl_pathv) {
-                                       debug_printf_clean(" %s\n", *r->word.gl_pathv);
-                                       globfree(&r->word);
+                               if (r->glob_word) {
+                                       debug_printf_clean(" %s\n", r->glob_word[0]);
+                                       free_strings(r->glob_word);
+                                       r->glob_word = NULL;
                                }
                        } else {
                                debug_printf_clean("&%d\n", r->dup);
@@ -2228,100 +2326,103 @@ static int free_pipe_list(struct pipe *head, int indent)
 }
 
 /* Select which version we will use */
-static int run_list(struct pipe *pi)
+static int run_and_free_list(struct pipe *pi)
 {
        int rcode = 0;
-       debug_printf_exec("run_list entered\n");
-       if (fake_mode == 0) {
-               debug_printf_exec(": run_list_real with %d members\n", pi->num_progs);
-               rcode = run_list_real(pi);
+       debug_printf_exec("run_and_free_list entered\n");
+       if (!fake_mode) {
+               debug_printf_exec(": run_list with %d members\n", pi->num_progs);
+               rcode = run_list(pi);
        }
        /* free_pipe_list has the side effect of clearing memory.
-        * In the long run that function can be merged with run_list_real,
+        * In the long run that function can be merged with run_list,
         * but doing that now would hobble the debugging effort. */
-       free_pipe_list(pi, 0);
-       debug_printf_exec("run_list return %d\n", rcode);
+       free_pipe_list(pi, /* indent: */ 0);
+       debug_printf_exec("run_nad_free_list return %d\n", rcode);
        return rcode;
 }
 
+/* Whoever decided to muck with glob internal data is AN IDIOT! */
+/* uclibc happily changed the way it works (and it has rights to do so!),
+   all hell broke loose (SEGVs) */
+
 /* The API for glob is arguably broken.  This routine pushes a non-matching
  * string into the output structure, removing non-backslashed backslashes.
  * If someone can prove me wrong, by performing this function within the
  * original glob(3) api, feel free to rewrite this routine into oblivion.
- * Return code (0 vs. GLOB_NOSPACE) matches glob(3).
  * XXX broken if the last character is '\\', check that before calling.
  */
-static int globhack(const char *src, int flags, glob_t *pglob)
+static char **globhack(const char *src, char **strings)
 {
-       int cnt = 0, pathc;
+       int cnt;
        const char *s;
-       char *dest;
+       char *v, *dest;
+
        for (cnt = 1, s = src; s && *s; s++) {
                if (*s == '\\') s++;
                cnt++;
        }
-       dest = xmalloc(cnt);
-       if (!(flags & GLOB_APPEND)) {
-               pglob->gl_pathv = NULL;
-               pglob->gl_pathc = 0;
-               pglob->gl_offs = 0;
-               pglob->gl_offs = 0;
-       }
-       pathc = ++pglob->gl_pathc;
-       pglob->gl_pathv = xrealloc(pglob->gl_pathv, (pathc+1) * sizeof(*pglob->gl_pathv));
-       pglob->gl_pathv[pathc-1] = dest;
-       pglob->gl_pathv[pathc] = NULL;
+       v = dest = xmalloc(cnt);
        for (s = src; s && *s; s++, dest++) {
                if (*s == '\\') s++;
                *dest = *s;
        }
        *dest = '\0';
-       return 0;
+
+       return add_string_to_strings(strings, v);
 }
 
 /* XXX broken if the last character is '\\', check that before calling */
 static int glob_needed(const char *s)
 {
        for (; *s; s++) {
-               if (*s == '\\') s++;
-               if (strchr("*[?", *s)) return 1;
+               if (*s == '\\')
+                       s++;
+               if (strchr("*[?", *s))
+                       return 1;
        }
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int xglob(o_string *dest, int flags, glob_t *pglob)
+static int xglob(o_string *dest, char ***pglob)
 {
-       int gr;
-
        /* short-circuit for null word */
        /* we can code this better when the debug_printf's are gone */
        if (dest->length == 0) {
                if (dest->nonnull) {
                        /* bash man page calls this an "explicit" null */
-                       gr = globhack(dest->data, flags, pglob);
-                       debug_printf("globhack returned %d\n", gr);
-               } else {
-                       return 0;
+                       *pglob = globhack(dest->data, *pglob);
                }
-       } else if (glob_needed(dest->data)) {
-               gr = glob(dest->data, flags, NULL, pglob);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (glob_needed(dest->data)) {
+               glob_t globdata;
+               int gr;
+
+               memset(&globdata, 0, sizeof(globdata));
+               gr = glob(dest->data, 0, NULL, &globdata);
                debug_printf("glob returned %d\n", gr);
+               if (gr == GLOB_NOSPACE)
+                       bb_error_msg_and_die("out of memory during glob");
                if (gr == GLOB_NOMATCH) {
-                       /* quote removal, or more accurately, backslash removal */
-                       gr = globhack(dest->data, flags, pglob);
                        debug_printf("globhack returned %d\n", gr);
+                       /* quote removal, or more accurately, backslash removal */
+                       *pglob = globhack(dest->data, *pglob);
+                       globfree(&globdata);
+                       return 0;
                }
-       } else {
-               gr = globhack(dest->data, flags, pglob);
-               debug_printf("globhack returned %d\n", gr);
-       }
-       if (gr == GLOB_NOSPACE)
-               bb_error_msg_and_die("out of memory during glob");
-       if (gr != 0) { /* GLOB_ABORTED ? */
-               bb_error_msg("glob(3) error %d", gr);
+               if (gr != 0) { /* GLOB_ABORTED ? */
+                       bb_error_msg("glob(3) error %d", gr);
+               }
+               if (globdata.gl_pathv && globdata.gl_pathv[0])
+                       *pglob = add_strings_to_strings(1, *pglob, globdata.gl_pathv);
+               globfree(&globdata);
+               return gr;
        }
-       /* globprint(glob_target); */
-       return gr;
+
+       *pglob = globhack(dest->data, *pglob);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 /* expand_strvec_to_strvec() takes a list of strings, expands
@@ -2375,7 +2476,7 @@ static void count_var_expansion_space(int *countp, int *lenp, char *arg)
                        break;
                case '*':
                case '@':
-                       for (i = 1; i < global_argc; i++) {
+                       for (i = 1; global_argv[i]; i++) {
                                len += strlen(global_argv[i]) + 1;
                                count++;
                                if (!(first_ch & 0x80))
@@ -2474,7 +2575,7 @@ static int expand_vars_to_list(char **list, int n, char **posp, char *arg, char
                /* Highest bit in first_ch indicates that var is double-quoted */
                case '$': /* pid */
                        /* FIXME: (echo $$) should still print pid of main shell */
-                       val = utoa(getpid());
+                       val = utoa(getpid()); /* rootpid? */
                        break;
                case '!': /* bg pid */
                        val = last_bg_pid ? utoa(last_bg_pid) : (char*)"";
@@ -2488,11 +2589,13 @@ static int expand_vars_to_list(char **list, int n, char **posp, char *arg, char
                case '*':
                case '@':
                        i = 1;
+                       if (!global_argv[i])
+                               break;
                        if (!(first_ch & 0x80)) { /* unquoted $* or $@ */
-                               while (i < global_argc) {
+                               while (global_argv[i]) {
                                        n = expand_on_ifs(list, n, &pos, global_argv[i]);
                                        debug_printf_expand("expand_vars_to_list: argv %d (last %d)\n", i, global_argc-1);
-                                       if (global_argv[i++][0] && i < global_argc) {
+                                       if (global_argv[i++][0] && global_argv[i]) {
                                                /* this argv[] is not empty and not last:
                                                 * put terminating NUL, start new word */
                                                *pos++ = '\0';
@@ -2504,7 +2607,7 @@ static int expand_vars_to_list(char **list, int n, char **posp, char *arg, char
                                }
                        } else
                        /* If or_mask is nonzero, we handle assignment 'a=....$@.....'
-                        * and in this case should theat it like '$*' */
+                        * and in this case should treat it like '$*' - see 'else...' below */
                        if (first_ch == ('@'|0x80) && !or_mask) { /* quoted $@ */
                                while (1) {
                                        strcpy(pos, global_argv[i]);
@@ -2521,7 +2624,7 @@ static int expand_vars_to_list(char **list, int n, char **posp, char *arg, char
                                while (1) {
                                        strcpy(pos, global_argv[i]);
                                        pos += strlen(global_argv[i]);
-                                       if (++i >= global_argc)
+                                       if (!global_argv[++i])
                                                break;
                                        if (ifs[0])
                                                *pos++ = ifs[0];
@@ -2797,9 +2900,9 @@ static int setup_redirect(struct p_context *ctx, int fd, redir_type style,
                last_redir = redir;
                redir = redir->next;
        }
-       redir = xmalloc(sizeof(struct redir_struct));
-       redir->next = NULL;
-       redir->word.gl_pathv = NULL;
+       redir = xzalloc(sizeof(struct redir_struct));
+       /* redir->next = NULL; */
+       /* redir->glob_word = NULL; */
        if (last_redir) {
                last_redir->next = redir;
        } else {
@@ -2889,10 +2992,10 @@ static int reserved_word(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx)
                { "done",  RES_DONE,  FLAG_END  }
 #endif
        };
-       enum { NRES = sizeof(reserved_list)/sizeof(reserved_list[0]) };
+
        const struct reserved_combo *r;
 
-       for (r = reserved_list; r < reserved_list + NRES; r++) {
+       for (r = reserved_list; r < reserved_list + ARRAY_SIZE(reserved_list); r++) {
                if (strcmp(dest->data, r->literal) != 0)
                        continue;
                debug_printf("found reserved word %s, code %d\n", r->literal, r->code);
@@ -2943,8 +3046,8 @@ static int reserved_word(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx)
 static int done_word(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx)
 {
        struct child_prog *child = ctx->child;
-       glob_t *glob_target;
-       int gr, flags = 0;
+       char ***glob_target;
+       int gr;
 
        debug_printf_parse("done_word entered: '%s' %p\n", dest->data, child);
        if (dest->length == 0 && !dest->nonnull) {
@@ -2952,7 +3055,7 @@ static int done_word(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx)
                return 0;
        }
        if (ctx->pending_redirect) {
-               glob_target = &ctx->pending_redirect->word;
+               glob_target = &ctx->pending_redirect->glob_word;
        } else {
                if (child->group) {
                        syntax(NULL);
@@ -2966,11 +3069,9 @@ static int done_word(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx)
                                return (ctx->res_w == RES_SNTX);
                        }
                }
-               glob_target = &child->glob_result;
-               if (child->argv)
-                       flags |= GLOB_APPEND;
+               glob_target = &child->argv;
        }
-       gr = xglob(dest, flags, glob_target);
+       gr = xglob(dest, glob_target);
        if (gr != 0) {
                debug_printf_parse("done_word return 1: xglob returned %d\n", gr);
                return 1;
@@ -2978,14 +3079,18 @@ static int done_word(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx)
 
        b_reset(dest);
        if (ctx->pending_redirect) {
-               ctx->pending_redirect = NULL;
-               if (glob_target->gl_pathc != 1) {
+               /* NB: don't free_strings(ctx->pending_redirect->glob_word) here */
+               if (ctx->pending_redirect->glob_word
+                && ctx->pending_redirect->glob_word[0]
+                && ctx->pending_redirect->glob_word[1]
+               ) {
+                       /* more than one word resulted from globbing redir */
+                       ctx->pending_redirect = NULL;
                        bb_error_msg("ambiguous redirect");
                        debug_printf_parse("done_word return 1: ambiguous redirect\n");
                        return 1;
                }
-       } else {
-               child->argv = glob_target->gl_pathv;
+               ctx->pending_redirect = NULL;
        }
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_LOOPS
        if (ctx->res_w == RES_FOR) {
@@ -3030,7 +3135,6 @@ static int done_command(struct p_context *ctx)
        /*child->argv = NULL;*/
        /*child->is_stopped = 0;*/
        /*child->group = NULL;*/
-       /*child->glob_result.gl_pathv = NULL;*/
        child->family = pi;
        //sp: /*child->sp = 0;*/
        //pt: child->parse_type = ctx->parse_type;
@@ -3121,25 +3225,26 @@ static int redirect_opt_num(o_string *o)
 }
 
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_TICK
+/* NB: currently disabled on NOMMU */
 static FILE *generate_stream_from_list(struct pipe *head)
 {
        FILE *pf;
        int pid, channel[2];
 
        xpipe(channel);
-#if BB_MMU
-       pid = fork();
-#else
-       pid = vfork();
-#endif
-       if (pid < 0) {
-               bb_perror_msg_and_die("fork");
-       } else if (pid == 0) {
-               close(channel[0]);
-               if (channel[1] != 1) {
-                       dup2(channel[1], 1);
-                       close(channel[1]);
-               }
+/* *** NOMMU WARNING *** */
+/* By using vfork here, we suspend parent till child exits or execs.
+ * If child will not do it before it fills the pipe, it can block forever
+ * in write(STDOUT_FILENO), and parent (shell) will be also stuck.
+ */
+       pid = BB_MMU ? fork() : vfork();
+       if (pid < 0)
+               bb_perror_msg_and_die(BB_MMU ? "fork" : "vfork");
+       if (pid == 0) { /* child */
+               if (ENABLE_HUSH_JOB)
+                       die_sleep = 0; /* let nofork's xfuncs die */
+               close(channel[0]); /* NB: close _first_, then move fd! */
+               xmove_fd(channel[1], 1);
                /* Prevent it from trying to handle ctrl-z etc */
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_JOB
                run_list_level = 1;
@@ -3151,11 +3256,13 @@ static FILE *generate_stream_from_list(struct pipe *head)
                 * everywhere outside actual command execution. */
                /*set_jobctrl_sighandler(SIG_IGN);*/
                set_misc_sighandler(SIG_DFL);
-               _exit(run_list_real(head));   /* leaks memory */
+               /* Freeing 'head' here would break NOMMU. */
+               _exit(run_list(head));
        }
        close(channel[1]);
        pf = fdopen(channel[0], "r");
        return pf;
+       /* 'head' is freed by the caller */
 }
 
 /* Return code is exit status of the process that is run. */
@@ -3179,8 +3286,9 @@ static int process_command_subs(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
        b_free(&result);
 
        p = generate_stream_from_list(inner.list_head);
-       if (p == NULL) return 1;
-       mark_open(fileno(p));
+       if (p == NULL)
+               return 1;
+       close_on_exec_on(fileno(p));
        setup_file_in_str(&pipe_str, p);
 
        /* now send results of command back into original context */
@@ -3191,10 +3299,10 @@ static int process_command_subs(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
                        continue;
                }
                while (eol_cnt) {
-                       b_addqchr(dest, '\n', dest->quote);
+                       b_addqchr(dest, '\n', dest->o_quote);
                        eol_cnt--;
                }
-               b_addqchr(dest, ch, dest->quote);
+               b_addqchr(dest, ch, dest->o_quote);
        }
 
        debug_printf("done reading from pipe, pclose()ing\n");
@@ -3203,9 +3311,8 @@ static int process_command_subs(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
         * to do better, by using wait(), and keeping track of background jobs
         * at the same time.  That would be a lot of work, and contrary
         * to the KISS philosophy of this program. */
-       mark_closed(fileno(p));
        retcode = fclose(p);
-       free_pipe_list(inner.list_head, 0);
+       free_pipe_list(inner.list_head, /* indent: */ 0);
        debug_printf("closed FILE from child, retcode=%d\n", retcode);
        return retcode;
 }
@@ -3256,7 +3363,7 @@ static const char *lookup_param(const char *src)
 static int handle_dollar(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx, struct in_str *input)
 {
        int ch = b_peek(input);  /* first character after the $ */
-       unsigned char quote_mask = dest->quote ? 0x80 : 0;
+       unsigned char quote_mask = dest->o_quote ? 0x80 : 0;
 
        debug_printf_parse("handle_dollar entered: ch='%c'\n", ch);
        if (isalpha(ch)) {
@@ -3321,7 +3428,7 @@ static int handle_dollar(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx, struct in_str *i
                        return 1;
                        break;
                default:
-                       b_addqchr(dest, '$', dest->quote);
+                       b_addqchr(dest, '$', dest->o_quote);
        }
        debug_printf_parse("handle_dollar return 0\n");
        return 0;
@@ -3336,9 +3443,9 @@ static int parse_stream(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
        redir_type redir_style;
        int next;
 
-       /* Only double-quote state is handled in the state variable dest->quote.
+       /* Only double-quote state is handled in the state variable dest->o_quote.
         * A single-quote triggers a bypass of the main loop until its mate is
-        * found.  When recursing, quote state is passed in via dest->quote. */
+        * found.  When recursing, quote state is passed in via dest->o_quote. */
 
        debug_printf_parse("parse_stream entered, end_trigger='%s'\n", end_trigger);
 
@@ -3352,16 +3459,16 @@ static int parse_stream(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
                                next = b_peek(input);
                }
                debug_printf_parse(": ch=%c (%d) m=%d quote=%d\n",
-                                               ch, ch, m, dest->quote);
+                                               ch, ch, m, dest->o_quote);
                if (m == CHAR_ORDINARY
-                || (m != CHAR_SPECIAL && dest->quote)
+                || (m != CHAR_SPECIAL && dest->o_quote)
                ) {
                        if (ch == EOF) {
                                syntax("unterminated \"");
                                debug_printf_parse("parse_stream return 1: unterminated \"\n");
                                return 1;
                        }
-                       b_addqchr(dest, ch, dest->quote);
+                       b_addqchr(dest, ch, dest->o_quote);
                        continue;
                }
                if (m == CHAR_IFS) {
@@ -3379,7 +3486,7 @@ static int parse_stream(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
                        }
                }
                if ((end_trigger && strchr(end_trigger, ch))
-                && !dest->quote && ctx->res_w == RES_NONE
+                && !dest->o_quote && ctx->res_w == RES_NONE
                ) {
                        debug_printf_parse("parse_stream return 0: end_trigger char found\n");
                        return 0;
@@ -3388,7 +3495,7 @@ static int parse_stream(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
                        continue;
                switch (ch) {
                case '#':
-                       if (dest->length == 0 && !dest->quote) {
+                       if (dest->length == 0 && !dest->o_quote) {
                                while (1) {
                                        ch = b_peek(input);
                                        if (ch == EOF || ch == '\n')
@@ -3396,7 +3503,7 @@ static int parse_stream(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
                                        b_getch(input);
                                }
                        } else {
-                               b_addqchr(dest, ch, dest->quote);
+                               b_addqchr(dest, ch, dest->o_quote);
                        }
                        break;
                case '\\':
@@ -3405,8 +3512,8 @@ static int parse_stream(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
                                debug_printf_parse("parse_stream return 1: \\<eof>\n");
                                return 1;
                        }
-                       b_addqchr(dest, '\\', dest->quote);
-                       b_addqchr(dest, b_getch(input), dest->quote);
+                       b_addqchr(dest, '\\', dest->o_quote);
+                       b_addqchr(dest, b_getch(input), dest->o_quote);
                        break;
                case '$':
                        if (handle_dollar(dest, ctx, input) != 0) {
@@ -3430,7 +3537,7 @@ static int parse_stream(o_string *dest, struct p_context *ctx,
                        break;
                case '"':
                        dest->nonnull = 1;
-                       dest->quote = !dest->quote;
+                       dest->o_quote ^= 1; /* invert */
                        break;
 #if ENABLE_HUSH_TICK
                case '`':
@@ -3585,17 +3692,17 @@ static int parse_and_run_stream(struct in_str *inp, int parse_flag)
                        done_word(&temp, &ctx);
                        done_pipe(&ctx, PIPE_SEQ);
                        debug_print_tree(ctx.list_head, 0);
-                       debug_printf_exec("parse_stream_outer: run_list\n");
-                       run_list(ctx.list_head);
+                       debug_printf_exec("parse_stream_outer: run_and_free_list\n");
+                       run_and_free_list(ctx.list_head);
                } else {
                        if (ctx.old_flag != 0) {
                                free(ctx.stack);
                                b_reset(&temp);
                        }
                        temp.nonnull = 0;
-                       temp.quote = 0;
+                       temp.o_quote = 0;
                        inp->p = NULL;
-                       free_pipe_list(ctx.list_head, 0);
+                       free_pipe_list(ctx.list_head, /* indent: */ 0);
                }
                b_free(&temp);
        } while (rcode != -1 && !(parse_flag & PARSEFLAG_EXIT_FROM_LOOP));   /* loop on syntax errors, return on EOF */
@@ -3628,7 +3735,7 @@ static void setup_job_control(void)
 
        saved_task_pgrp = shell_pgrp = getpgrp();
        debug_printf_jobs("saved_task_pgrp=%d\n", saved_task_pgrp);
-       fcntl(interactive_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+       close_on_exec_on(interactive_fd);
 
        /* If we were ran as 'hush &',
         * sleep until we are in the foreground.  */
@@ -3653,10 +3760,10 @@ static void setup_job_control(void)
 }
 #endif
 
-int hush_main(int argc, char **argv);
+int hush_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
 int hush_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-       static const char version_str[] = "HUSH_VERSION="HUSH_VER_STR;
+       static const char version_str[] ALIGN1 = "HUSH_VERSION="HUSH_VER_STR;
        static const struct variable const_shell_ver = {
                .next = NULL,
                .varstr = (char*)version_str,
@@ -3715,9 +3822,8 @@ int hush_main(int argc, char **argv)
                debug_printf("sourcing /etc/profile\n");
                input = fopen("/etc/profile", "r");
                if (input != NULL) {
-                       mark_open(fileno(input));
+                       close_on_exec_on(fileno(input));
                        parse_and_run_file(input);
-                       mark_closed(fileno(input));
                        fclose(input);
                }
        }
@@ -3777,17 +3883,18 @@ int hush_main(int argc, char **argv)
        }
        debug_printf("interactive_fd=%d\n", interactive_fd);
        if (interactive_fd) {
+               fcntl(interactive_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
                /* Looks like they want an interactive shell */
                setup_job_control();
-               /* Make xfuncs do cleanup on exit */
-               die_sleep = -1; /* flag */
-// FIXME: should we reset die_sleep = 0 whereever we fork?
+               /* -1 is special - makes xfuncs longjmp, not exit
+                * (we reset die_sleep = 0 whereever we [v]fork) */
+               die_sleep = -1;
                if (setjmp(die_jmp)) {
                        /* xfunc has failed! die die die */
                        hush_exit(xfunc_error_retval);
                }
 #if !ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_EXTRA_QUIET
-               printf("\n\n%s hush - the humble shell v"HUSH_VER_STR"\n", BB_BANNER);
+               printf("\n\n%s hush - the humble shell v"HUSH_VER_STR"\n", bb_banner);
                printf("Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.\n\n");
 #endif
        }
@@ -3804,21 +3911,22 @@ int hush_main(int argc, char **argv)
                                /* give up */
                                interactive_fd = 0;
                }
+               if (interactive_fd)
+                       fcntl(interactive_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
        }
-
 #endif
 
        if (argv[optind] == NULL) {
                opt = parse_and_run_file(stdin);
-               goto final_return;
+       } else {
+               debug_printf("\nrunning script '%s'\n", argv[optind]);
+               global_argv = argv + optind;
+               global_argc = argc - optind;
+               input = xfopen(argv[optind], "r");
+               fcntl(fileno(input), F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+               opt = parse_and_run_file(input);
        }
 
-       debug_printf("\nrunning script '%s'\n", argv[optind]);
-       global_argv = argv + optind;
-       global_argc = argc - optind;
-       input = xfopen(argv[optind], "r");
-       opt = parse_and_run_file(input);
-
  final_return:
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP
@@ -3836,3 +3944,13 @@ int hush_main(int argc, char **argv)
 #endif
        hush_exit(opt ? opt : last_return_code);
 }
+
+
+#if ENABLE_LASH
+int lash_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
+int lash_main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+       //bb_error_msg("lash is deprecated, please use hush instead");
+       return hush_main(argc, argv);
+}
+#endif