small ipv6 doc changes; nslookup a tiny bit smaller
[oweals/busybox.git] / networking / ifupdown.c
index c34e2b955bf8dfbd58b2c0eceff2c7d2d50b38e2..ede2f8997a46980e09a8959ab92dec3cac79500b 100644 (file)
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
 /*
  *  ifupdown for busybox
- *  Copyright (c) 2002 Glenn McGrath <bug1@optushome.com.au>
+ *  Copyright (c) 2002 Glenn McGrath <bug1@iinet.net.au>
  *  Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>
  *
  *  Based on ifupdown v 0.6.4 by Anthony Towns
  *  Lines in the interfaces file cannot wrap.
  *  To adhere to the FHS, the default state file is /var/run/ifstate.
  *
- *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+ * Licensed under the GPL v2 or later, see the file LICENSE in this tarball.
  */
 
-#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include "busybox.h"
 #include <sys/utsname.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
-
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <fnmatch.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include "libbb.h"
 
 #define MAX_OPT_DEPTH 10
 #define EUNBALBRACK 10001
 #define MAX_INTERFACE_LENGTH 10
 #endif
 
-#if 0
-#define debug_noise(fmt, args...) printf(fmt, ## args)
-#else
 #define debug_noise(fmt, args...)
-#endif
 
 /* Forward declaration */
 struct interface_defn_t;
 
 typedef int (execfn)(char *command);
-typedef int (command_set)(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *e);
-
-extern llist_t *llist_add_to_end(llist_t *list_head, char *data)
-{
-       llist_t *new_item, *tmp, *prev;
-
-       new_item = xmalloc(sizeof(llist_t));
-       new_item->data = data;
-       new_item->link = NULL;
-
-       prev = NULL;
-       tmp = list_head;
-       while(tmp) {
-               prev = tmp;
-               tmp = tmp->link;
-       }
-       if (prev) {
-               prev->link = new_item;
-       } else {
-               list_head = new_item;
-       }
-
-       return(list_head);
-}
 
 struct method_t
 {
        char *name;
-       command_set *up;
-       command_set *down;
+       int (*up)(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *e);
+       int (*down)(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *e);
 };
 
 struct address_family_t
 {
        char *name;
        int n_methods;
-       struct method_t *method;
+       const struct method_t *method;
 };
 
 struct mapping_defn_t
@@ -125,15 +73,10 @@ struct variable_t
 
 struct interface_defn_t
 {
-       struct interface_defn_t *prev;
-       struct interface_defn_t *next;
+       const struct address_family_t *address_family;
+       const struct method_t *method;
 
        char *iface;
-       struct address_family_t *address_family;
-       struct method_t *method;
-
-       int automatic;
-
        int max_options;
        int n_options;
        struct variable_t *option;
@@ -146,9 +89,25 @@ struct interfaces_file_t
        struct mapping_defn_t *mappings;
 };
 
-static char no_act = 0;
-static char verbose = 0;
-static char **environ = NULL;
+#define OPTION_STR "anvf" USE_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_MAPPING("m") "i:"
+enum {
+       OPT_do_all = 0x1,
+       OPT_no_act = 0x2,
+       OPT_verbose = 0x4,
+       OPT_force = 0x8,
+       OPT_no_mappings = 0x10,
+};
+#define DO_ALL (option_mask32 & OPT_do_all)
+#define NO_ACT (option_mask32 & OPT_no_act)
+#define VERBOSE (option_mask32 & OPT_verbose)
+#define FORCE (option_mask32 & OPT_force)
+#define NO_MAPPINGS (option_mask32 & OPT_no_mappings)
+
+static char **__myenviron;
+
+static char *startup_PATH;
+
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IPV4 || ENABLE_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IPV6
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IP
 
@@ -157,7 +116,7 @@ static unsigned int count_bits(unsigned int a)
        unsigned int result;
        result = (a & 0x55) + ((a >> 1) & 0x55);
        result = (result & 0x33) + ((result >> 2) & 0x33);
-       return((result & 0x0F) + ((result >> 4) & 0x0F));
+       return ((result & 0x0F) + ((result >> 4) & 0x0F));
 }
 
 static int count_netmask_bits(char *dotted_quad)
@@ -170,11 +129,11 @@ static int count_netmask_bits(char *dotted_quad)
        result += count_bits(b);
        result += count_bits(c);
        result += count_bits(d);
-       return ((int)result);
+       return (int)result;
 }
 #endif
 
-static void addstr(char **buf, size_t *len, size_t *pos, char *str, size_t str_length)
+static void addstr(char **buf, size_t *len, size_t *pos, const char *str, size_t str_length)
 {
        if (*pos + str_length >= *len) {
                char *newbuf;
@@ -191,18 +150,18 @@ static void addstr(char **buf, size_t *len, size_t *pos, char *str, size_t str_l
        (*buf)[*pos] = '\0';
 }
 
-static int strncmpz(char *l, char *r, size_t llen)
+static int strncmpz(const char *l, const char *r, size_t llen)
 {
        int i = strncmp(l, r, llen);
 
        if (i == 0) {
-               return(-r[llen]);
+               return -r[llen];
        } else {
-               return(i);
+               return i;
        }
 }
 
-static char *get_var(char *id, size_t idlen, struct interface_defn_t *ifd)
+static char *get_var(const char *id, size_t idlen, struct interface_defn_t *ifd)
 {
        int i;
 
@@ -215,21 +174,21 @@ static char *get_var(char *id, size_t idlen, struct interface_defn_t *ifd)
                if (result) {
                        *result=0;
                }
-               return( label_buf);
+               return label_buf;
        } else if (strncmpz(id, "label", idlen) == 0) {
-               return (ifd->iface);
+               return ifd->iface;
        } else {
                for (i = 0; i < ifd->n_options; i++) {
                        if (strncmpz(id, ifd->option[i].name, idlen) == 0) {
-                               return (ifd->option[i].value);
+                               return ifd->option[i].value;
                        }
                }
        }
 
-       return(NULL);
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-static char *parse(char *command, struct interface_defn_t *ifd)
+static char *parse(const char *command, struct interface_defn_t *ifd)
 {
 
        char *result = NULL;
@@ -240,168 +199,139 @@ static char *parse(char *command, struct interface_defn_t *ifd)
 
        while (*command) {
                switch (*command) {
-
-                       default:
+               default:
+                       addstr(&result, &len, &pos, command, 1);
+                       command++;
+                       break;
+               case '\\':
+                       if (command[1]) {
+                               addstr(&result, &len, &pos, command + 1, 1);
+                               command += 2;
+                       } else {
                                addstr(&result, &len, &pos, command, 1);
                                command++;
-                               break;
-                       case '\\':
-                               if (command[1]) {
-                                       addstr(&result, &len, &pos, command + 1, 1);
-                                       command += 2;
-                               } else {
-                                       addstr(&result, &len, &pos, command, 1);
-                                       command++;
-                               }
-                               break;
-                       case '[':
-                               if (command[1] == '[' && opt_depth < MAX_OPT_DEPTH) {
-                                       old_pos[opt_depth] = pos;
-                                       okay[opt_depth] = 1;
-                                       opt_depth++;
-                                       command += 2;
-                               } else {
-                                       addstr(&result, &len, &pos, "[", 1);
-                                       command++;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case '[':
+                       if (command[1] == '[' && opt_depth < MAX_OPT_DEPTH) {
+                               old_pos[opt_depth] = pos;
+                               okay[opt_depth] = 1;
+                               opt_depth++;
+                               command += 2;
+                       } else {
+                               addstr(&result, &len, &pos, "[", 1);
+                               command++;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case ']':
+                       if (command[1] == ']' && opt_depth > 1) {
+                               opt_depth--;
+                               if (!okay[opt_depth]) {
+                                       pos = old_pos[opt_depth];
+                                       result[pos] = '\0';
                                }
-                               break;
-                       case ']':
-                               if (command[1] == ']' && opt_depth > 1) {
-                                       opt_depth--;
-                                       if (!okay[opt_depth]) {
-                                               pos = old_pos[opt_depth];
-                                               result[pos] = '\0';
-                                       }
-                                       command += 2;
-                               } else {
-                                       addstr(&result, &len, &pos, "]", 1);
-                                       command++;
+                               command += 2;
+                       } else {
+                               addstr(&result, &len, &pos, "]", 1);
+                               command++;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case '%':
+                       {
+                               char *nextpercent;
+                               char *varvalue;
+
+                               command++;
+                               nextpercent = strchr(command, '%');
+                               if (!nextpercent) {
+                                       errno = EUNBALPER;
+                                       free(result);
+                                       return NULL;
                                }
-                               break;
-                       case '%':
-                               {
-                                       char *nextpercent;
-                                       char *varvalue;
-
-                                       command++;
-                                       nextpercent = strchr(command, '%');
-                                       if (!nextpercent) {
-                                               errno = EUNBALPER;
-                                               free(result);
-                                               return (NULL);
-                                       }
 
-                                       varvalue = get_var(command, nextpercent - command, ifd);
+                               varvalue = get_var(command, nextpercent - command, ifd);
 
-                                       if (varvalue) {
-                                               addstr(&result, &len, &pos, varvalue, bb_strlen(varvalue));
-                                       } else {
+                               if (varvalue) {
+                                       addstr(&result, &len, &pos, varvalue, strlen(varvalue));
+                               } else {
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IP
-                                               /* Sigh...  Add a special case for 'ip' to convert from
-                                                * dotted quad to bit count style netmasks.  */
-                                               if (strncmp(command, "bnmask", 6)==0) {
-                                                       int res;
-                                                       varvalue = get_var("netmask", 7, ifd);
-                                                       if (varvalue && (res=count_netmask_bits(varvalue)) > 0) {
-                                                               char argument[255];
-                                                               sprintf(argument, "%d", res);
-                                                               addstr(&result, &len, &pos, argument, bb_strlen(argument));
-                                                               command = nextpercent + 1;
-                                                               break;
-                                                       }
+                                       /* Sigh...  Add a special case for 'ip' to convert from
+                                        * dotted quad to bit count style netmasks.  */
+                                       if (strncmp(command, "bnmask", 6)==0) {
+                                               int res;
+                                               varvalue = get_var("netmask", 7, ifd);
+                                               if (varvalue && (res=count_netmask_bits(varvalue)) > 0) {
+                                                       char argument[255];
+                                                       sprintf(argument, "%d", res);
+                                                       addstr(&result, &len, &pos, argument, strlen(argument));
+                                                       command = nextpercent + 1;
+                                                       break;
                                                }
-#endif
-                                               okay[opt_depth - 1] = 0;
                                        }
-
-                                       command = nextpercent + 1;
+#endif
+                                       okay[opt_depth - 1] = 0;
                                }
-                               break;
+
+                               command = nextpercent + 1;
+                       }
+                       break;
                }
        }
 
        if (opt_depth > 1) {
                errno = EUNBALBRACK;
                free(result);
-               return(NULL);
+               return NULL;
        }
 
        if (!okay[0]) {
                errno = EUNDEFVAR;
                free(result);
-               return(NULL);
+               return NULL;
        }
 
-       return(result);
+       return result;
 }
 
-static int execute(char *command, struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
+/* execute() returns 1 for success and 0 for failure */
+static int execute(const char *command, struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
        char *out;
        int ret;
 
        out = parse(command, ifd);
        if (!out) {
-               return(0);
+               return 0;
        }
-       ret = (*exec) (out);
+       ret = (*exec)(out);
 
        free(out);
-       return(1);
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IPX
-static int static_up_ipx(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
-{
-       return(execute("ipx_interface add %iface% %frame% %netnum%", ifd, exec));
-}
-
-static int static_down_ipx(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
-{
-       return(execute("ipx_interface del %iface% %frame%", ifd, exec));
-}
-
-static int dynamic_up(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
-{
-       return(execute("ipx_interface add %iface% %frame%", ifd, exec));
-}
-
-static int dynamic_down(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
-{
-       return(execute("ipx_interface del %iface% %frame%", ifd, exec));
+       if (ret != 1) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+       return 1;
 }
-
-static struct method_t methods_ipx[] = {
-       { "dynamic", dynamic_up, dynamic_down, },
-       { "static", static_up_ipx, static_down_ipx, },
-};
-
-struct address_family_t addr_ipx = {
-       "ipx",
-       sizeof(methods_ipx) / sizeof(struct method_t),
-       methods_ipx
-};
-#endif /* IFUP_FEATURE_IPX */
+#endif
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IPV6
 static int loopback_up6(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IP
        int result;
-       result =execute("ip addr add ::1 dev %iface%", ifd, exec);
+       result = execute("ip addr add ::1 dev %iface%", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("ip link set %iface% up", ifd, exec);
-       return( result);
+       return ((result == 2) ? 2 : 0);
 #else
-       return( execute("ifconfig %iface% add ::1", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("ifconfig %iface% add ::1", ifd, exec);
 #endif
 }
 
 static int loopback_down6(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IP
-       return(execute("ip link set %iface% down", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("ip link set %iface% down", ifd, exec);
 #else
-       return(execute("ifconfig %iface% del ::1", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("ifconfig %iface% del ::1", ifd, exec);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -417,15 +347,15 @@ static int static_up6(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
        result += execute("ifconfig %iface% add %address%/%netmask%", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("[[ route -A inet6 add ::/0 gw %gateway% ]]", ifd, exec);
 #endif
-       return( result);
+       return ((result == 3) ? 3 : 0);
 }
 
 static int static_down6(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IP
-       return(execute("ip link set %iface% down", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("ip link set %iface% down", ifd, exec);
 #else
-       return(execute("ifconfig %iface% down", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("ifconfig %iface% down", ifd, exec);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -434,20 +364,20 @@ static int v4tunnel_up(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
        int result;
        result = execute("ip tunnel add %iface% mode sit remote "
-                               "%endpoint% [[local %local%]] [[ttl %ttl%]]", ifd, exec);
+                       "%endpoint% [[local %local%]] [[ttl %ttl%]]", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("ip link set %iface% up", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("ip addr add %address%/%netmask% dev %iface%", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("[[ ip route add ::/0 via %gateway% ]]", ifd, exec);
-       return( result);
+       return ((result == 4) ? 4 : 0);
 }
 
 static int v4tunnel_down(struct interface_defn_t * ifd, execfn * exec)
 {
-       return( execute("ip tunnel del %iface%", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("ip tunnel del %iface%", ifd, exec);
 }
 #endif
 
-static struct method_t methods6[] = {
+static const struct method_t methods6[] = {
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IP
        { "v4tunnel", v4tunnel_up, v4tunnel_down, },
 #endif
@@ -455,7 +385,7 @@ static struct method_t methods6[] = {
        { "loopback", loopback_up6, loopback_down6, },
 };
 
-struct address_family_t addr_inet6 = {
+static const struct address_family_t addr_inet6 = {
        "inet6",
        sizeof(methods6) / sizeof(struct method_t),
        methods6
@@ -469,9 +399,9 @@ static int loopback_up(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
        int result;
        result = execute("ip addr add 127.0.0.1/8 dev %iface%", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("ip link set %iface% up", ifd, exec);
-       return(result);
+       return ((result == 2) ? 2 : 0);
 #else
-       return( execute("ifconfig %iface% 127.0.0.1 up", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("ifconfig %iface% 127.0.0.1 up", ifd, exec);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -481,9 +411,9 @@ static int loopback_down(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
        int result;
        result = execute("ip addr flush dev %iface%", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("ip link set %iface% down", ifd, exec);
-       return(result);
+       return ((result == 2) ? 2 : 0);
 #else
-       return( execute("ifconfig %iface% 127.0.0.1 down", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("ifconfig %iface% 127.0.0.1 down", ifd, exec);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -495,14 +425,15 @@ static int static_up(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
                        "dev %iface% [[peer %pointopoint%]] [[label %label%]]", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("ip link set [[mtu %mtu%]] [[address %hwaddress%]] %iface% up", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("[[ ip route add default via %gateway% dev %iface% ]]", ifd, exec);
+       return ((result == 3) ? 3 : 0);
 #else
        result = execute("ifconfig %iface% %address% netmask %netmask% "
-                               "[[broadcast %broadcast%]]      [[pointopoint %pointopoint%]] "
-                               "[[media %media%]] [[mtu %mtu%]]        [[hw %hwaddress%]] up",
-                               ifd, exec);
+                       "[[broadcast %broadcast%]] [[pointopoint %pointopoint%]] "
+                       "[[media %media%]] [[mtu %mtu%]] [[hw %hwaddress%]] up",
+                       ifd, exec);
        result += execute("[[ route add default gw %gateway% %iface% ]]", ifd, exec);
+       return ((result == 2) ? 2 : 0);
 #endif
-       return(result);
 }
 
 static int static_down(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
@@ -515,101 +446,115 @@ static int static_down(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
        result = execute("[[ route del default gw %gateway% %iface% ]]", ifd, exec);
        result += execute("ifconfig %iface% down", ifd, exec);
 #endif
-       return(result);
+       return ((result == 2) ? 2 : 0);
 }
 
-static int execable(char *program)
+#ifndef CONFIG_APP_UDHCPC
+struct dhcp_client_t
 {
-       struct stat buf;
-       if (0 == stat(program, &buf)) {
-               if (S_ISREG(buf.st_mode) && (S_IXUSR & buf.st_mode)) {
-                       return(1);
-               }
-       }
-       return(0);
-}
+       const char *name;
+       const char *startcmd;
+       const char *stopcmd;
+};
+
+static const struct dhcp_client_t ext_dhcp_clients[] = {
+       { "udhcpc",
+               "udhcpc -R -n -p /var/run/udhcpc.%iface%.pid -i %iface% [[-H %hostname%]] [[-c %clientid%]] [[-s %script%]]",
+               "kill -TERM `cat /var/run/udhcpc.%iface%.pid` 2>/dev/null",
+       },
+       { "pump",
+               "pump -i %iface% [[-h %hostname%]] [[-l %leasehours%]]",
+               "pump -i %iface% -k",
+       },
+       { "dhclient",
+               "dhclient -pf /var/run/dhclient.%iface%.pid %iface%",
+               "kill -9 `cat /var/run/dhclient.%iface%.pid` 2>/dev/null",
+       },
+       { "dhcpcd",
+               "dhcpcd [[-h %hostname%]] [[-i %vendor%]] [[-I %clientid%]] [[-l %leasetime%]] %iface%",
+               "dhcpcd -k %iface%",
+       },
+};
+#endif
 
 static int dhcp_up(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
-       if (execable("/sbin/udhcpc")) {
-               return( execute("udhcpc -n -p /var/run/udhcpc.%iface%.pid -i "
-                                       "%iface% [[-H %hostname%]] [[-c %clientid%]]", ifd, exec));
-       } else if (execable("/sbin/pump")) {
-               return( execute("pump -i %iface% [[-h %hostname%]] [[-l %leasehours%]]", ifd, exec));
-       } else if (execable("/sbin/dhclient")) {
-               return( execute("dhclient -pf /var/run/dhclient.%iface%.pid %iface%", ifd, exec));
-       } else if (execable("/sbin/dhcpcd")) {
-               return( execute("dhcpcd [[-h %hostname%]] [[-i %vendor%]] [[-I %clientid%]] "
-                                       "[[-l %leasetime%]] %iface%", ifd, exec));
+#ifdef CONFIG_APP_UDHCPC
+       return execute("udhcpc -R -n -p /var/run/udhcpc.%iface%.pid "
+                       "-i %iface% [[-H %hostname%]] [[-c %clientid%]] [[-s %script%]]",
+                       ifd, exec);
+#else
+       int i, nclients = sizeof(ext_dhcp_clients) / sizeof(ext_dhcp_clients[0]);
+       for (i = 0; i < nclients; i++) {
+               if (exists_execable(ext_dhcp_clients[i].name))
+                       return execute(ext_dhcp_clients[i].startcmd, ifd, exec);
        }
-       return(0);
+       bb_error_msg("no dhcp clients found");
+       return 0;
+#endif
 }
 
 static int dhcp_down(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
-       int result = 0;
-       if (execable("/sbin/udhcpc")) {
-               execute("kill -9 `cat /var/run/udhcpc.%iface%.pid` 2>/dev/null", ifd, exec);
-       } else if (execable("/sbin/pump")) {
-               result = execute("pump -i %iface% -k", ifd, exec);
-       } else if (execable("/sbin/dhclient")) {
-               execute("kill -9 `cat /var/run/udhcpc.%iface%.pid` 2>/dev/null", ifd, exec);
-       } else if (execable("/sbin/dhcpcd")) {
-               result = execute("dhcpcd -k %iface%", ifd, exec);
+#ifdef CONFIG_APP_UDHCPC
+       return execute("kill -TERM "
+                      "`cat /var/run/udhcpc.%iface%.pid` 2>/dev/null", ifd, exec);
+#else
+       int i, nclients = sizeof(ext_dhcp_clients) / sizeof(ext_dhcp_clients[0]);
+       for (i = 0; i < nclients; i++) {
+               if (exists_execable(ext_dhcp_clients[i].name))
+                       return execute(ext_dhcp_clients[i].stopcmd, ifd, exec);
        }
-       return (result || execute("ifconfig %iface% down", ifd, exec));
+       bb_error_msg("no dhcp clients found, using static interface shutdown");
+       return static_down(ifd, exec);
+#endif
 }
 
-static int bootp_up(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
+static int manual_up_down(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
-       return( execute("bootpc [[--bootfile %bootfile%]] --dev %iface% "
-                               "[[--server %server%]] [[--hwaddr %hwaddr%]] "
-                               "--returniffail --serverbcast", ifd, exec));
+       return 1;
 }
 
-static int bootp_down(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
+static int bootp_up(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
-#ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IP
-       return(execute("ip link set %iface% down", ifd, exec));
-#else
-       return(execute("ifconfig %iface% down", ifd, exec));
-#endif
+       return execute("bootpc [[--bootfile %bootfile%]] --dev %iface% "
+                       "[[--server %server%]] [[--hwaddr %hwaddr%]] "
+                       "--returniffail --serverbcast", ifd, exec);
 }
 
 static int ppp_up(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
-       return( execute("pon [[%provider%]]", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("pon [[%provider%]]", ifd, exec);
 }
 
 static int ppp_down(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
-       return( execute("poff [[%provider%]]", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("poff [[%provider%]]", ifd, exec);
 }
 
 static int wvdial_up(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
-       return( execute("/sbin/start-stop-daemon --start -x /usr/bin/wvdial "
-                               "-p /var/run/wvdial.%iface% -b -m -- [[ %provider% ]]", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("/sbin/start-stop-daemon --start -x /usr/bin/wvdial "
+               "-p /var/run/wvdial.%iface% -b -m -- [[ %provider% ]]", ifd, exec);
 }
 
 static int wvdial_down(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec)
 {
-       return( execute("/sbin/start-stop-daemon --stop -x /usr/bin/wvdial "
-                               "-p /var/run/wvdial.%iface% -s 2", ifd, exec));
+       return execute("/sbin/start-stop-daemon --stop -x /usr/bin/wvdial "
+                       "-p /var/run/wvdial.%iface% -s 2", ifd, exec);
 }
 
-static struct method_t methods[] =
-{
+static const struct method_t methods[] = {
+       { "manual", manual_up_down, manual_up_down, },
        { "wvdial", wvdial_up, wvdial_down, },
        { "ppp", ppp_up, ppp_down, },
        { "static", static_up, static_down, },
-       { "bootp", bootp_up, bootp_down, },
+       { "bootp", bootp_up, static_down, },
        { "dhcp", dhcp_up, dhcp_down, },
        { "loopback", loopback_up, loopback_down, },
 };
 
-struct address_family_t addr_inet =
-{
+static const struct address_family_t addr_inet = {
        "inet",
        sizeof(methods) / sizeof(struct method_t),
        methods
@@ -627,20 +572,17 @@ static char *next_word(char **buf)
        }
 
        /* Skip over leading whitespace */
-       word = *buf;
-       while (isspace(*word)) {
-               ++word;
-       }
+       word = skip_whitespace(*buf);
 
        /* Skip over comments */
        if (*word == '#') {
-               return(NULL);
+               return NULL;
        }
 
        /* Find the length of this word */
        length = strcspn(word, " \t\n");
        if (length == 0) {
-               return(NULL);
+               return NULL;
        }
        *buf = word + length;
        /*DBU:[dave@cray.com] if we are already at EOL dont't increment beyond it */
@@ -652,7 +594,7 @@ static char *next_word(char **buf)
        return word;
 }
 
-static struct address_family_t *get_address_family(struct address_family_t *af[], char *name)
+static const struct address_family_t *get_address_family(const struct address_family_t *const af[], char *name)
 {
        int i;
 
@@ -664,7 +606,7 @@ static struct address_family_t *get_address_family(struct address_family_t *af[]
        return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct method_t *get_method(struct address_family_t *af, char *name)
+static const struct method_t *get_method(const struct address_family_t *af, char *name)
 {
        int i;
 
@@ -673,32 +615,21 @@ static struct method_t *get_method(struct address_family_t *af, char *name)
                        return &af->method[i];
                }
        }
-       return(NULL);
-}
-
-static int duplicate_if(struct interface_defn_t *ifa, struct interface_defn_t *ifb)
-{
-       if (strcmp(ifa->iface, ifb->iface) != 0) {
-               return(0);
-       }
-       if (ifa->address_family != ifb->address_family) {
-               return(0);
-       }
-       return(1);
+       return NULL;
 }
 
 static const llist_t *find_list_string(const llist_t *list, const char *string)
 {
        while (list) {
                if (strcmp(list->data, string) == 0) {
-                       return(list);
+                       return list;
                }
                list = list->link;
        }
-       return(NULL);
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct interfaces_file_t *read_interfaces(char *filename)
+static struct interfaces_file_t *read_interfaces(const char *filename)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_MAPPING
        struct mapping_defn_t *currmap = NULL;
@@ -711,14 +642,11 @@ static struct interfaces_file_t *read_interfaces(char *filename)
 
        enum { NONE, IFACE, MAPPING } currently_processing = NONE;
 
-       defn = xmalloc(sizeof(struct interfaces_file_t));
-       defn->autointerfaces = NULL;
-       defn->mappings = NULL;
-       defn->ifaces = NULL;
+       defn = xzalloc(sizeof(struct interfaces_file_t));
 
-       f = bb_xfopen(filename, "r");
+       f = xfopen(filename, "r");
 
-       while ((buf = bb_get_chomped_line_from_file(f)) != NULL) {
+       while ((buf = xmalloc_getline(f)) != NULL) {
                char *buf_ptr = buf;
 
                firstword = next_word(&buf_ptr);
@@ -729,10 +657,7 @@ static struct interfaces_file_t *read_interfaces(char *filename)
 
                if (strcmp(firstword, "mapping") == 0) {
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_MAPPING
-                       currmap = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mapping_defn_t));
-                       currmap->max_matches = 0;
-                       currmap->n_matches = 0;
-                       currmap->match = NULL;
+                       currmap = xzalloc(sizeof(struct mapping_defn_t));
 
                        while ((firstword = next_word(&buf_ptr)) != NULL) {
                                if (currmap->max_matches == currmap->n_matches) {
@@ -740,7 +665,7 @@ static struct interfaces_file_t *read_interfaces(char *filename)
                                        currmap->match = xrealloc(currmap->match, sizeof(currmap->match) * currmap->max_matches);
                                }
 
-                               currmap->match[currmap->n_matches++] = bb_xstrdup(firstword);
+                               currmap->match[currmap->n_matches++] = xstrdup(firstword);
                        }
                        currmap->max_mappings = 0;
                        currmap->n_mappings = 0;
@@ -758,79 +683,64 @@ static struct interfaces_file_t *read_interfaces(char *filename)
 #endif
                        currently_processing = MAPPING;
                } else if (strcmp(firstword, "iface") == 0) {
-                       {
-                               char *iface_name;
-                               char *address_family_name;
-                               char *method_name;
-                               struct address_family_t *addr_fams[] = {
+                       static const struct address_family_t *const addr_fams[] = {
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IPV4
-                                       &addr_inet,
+                               &addr_inet,
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IPV6
-                                       &addr_inet6,
+                               &addr_inet6,
 #endif
-#ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IPX
-                                       &addr_ipx,
-#endif
-                                       NULL
-                               };
-
-                               currif = xmalloc(sizeof(struct interface_defn_t));
-                               iface_name = next_word(&buf_ptr);
-                               address_family_name = next_word(&buf_ptr);
-                               method_name = next_word(&buf_ptr);
+                               NULL
+                       };
+
+                       char *iface_name;
+                       char *address_family_name;
+                       char *method_name;
+                       llist_t *iface_list;
+
+                       currif = xzalloc(sizeof(struct interface_defn_t));
+                       iface_name = next_word(&buf_ptr);
+                       address_family_name = next_word(&buf_ptr);
+                       method_name = next_word(&buf_ptr);
+
+                       if (buf_ptr == NULL) {
+                               bb_error_msg("too few parameters for line \"%s\"", buf);
+                               return NULL;
+                       }
 
-                               if (buf_ptr == NULL) {
-                                       bb_error_msg("too few parameters for line \"%s\"", buf);
-                                       return NULL;
-                               }
+                       /* ship any trailing whitespace */
+                       buf_ptr = skip_whitespace(buf_ptr);
 
-                               /* ship any trailing whitespace */
-                               while (isspace(*buf_ptr)) {
-                                       ++buf_ptr;
-                               }
+                       if (buf_ptr[0] != '\0') {
+                               bb_error_msg("too many parameters \"%s\"", buf);
+                               return NULL;
+                       }
 
-                               if (buf_ptr[0] != '\0') {
-                                       bb_error_msg("too many parameters \"%s\"", buf);
-                                       return NULL;
-                               }
+                       currif->iface = xstrdup(iface_name);
 
-                               currif->iface = bb_xstrdup(iface_name);
+                       currif->address_family = get_address_family(addr_fams, address_family_name);
+                       if (!currif->address_family) {
+                               bb_error_msg("unknown address type \"%s\"", address_family_name);
+                               return NULL;
+                       }
 
-                               currif->address_family = get_address_family(addr_fams, address_family_name);
-                               if (!currif->address_family) {
-                                       bb_error_msg("unknown address type \"%s\"", buf);
-                                       return NULL;
-                               }
+                       currif->method = get_method(currif->address_family, method_name);
+                       if (!currif->method) {
+                               bb_error_msg("unknown method \"%s\"", method_name);
+                               return NULL;
+                       }
 
-                               currif->method = get_method(currif->address_family, method_name);
-                               if (!currif->method) {
-                                       bb_error_msg("unknown method \"%s\"", buf);
+                       for (iface_list = defn->ifaces; iface_list; iface_list = iface_list->link) {
+                               struct interface_defn_t *tmp = (struct interface_defn_t *) iface_list->data;
+                               if ((strcmp(tmp->iface, currif->iface) == 0) &&
+                                       (tmp->address_family == currif->address_family)) {
+                                       bb_error_msg("duplicate interface \"%s\"", tmp->iface);
                                        return NULL;
                                }
-
-                               currif->automatic = 1;
-                               currif->max_options = 0;
-                               currif->n_options = 0;
-                               currif->option = NULL;
-
-                               {
-                                       struct interface_defn_t *tmp;
-                                       llist_t *iface_list;
-                                       iface_list = defn->ifaces;
-                                       while (iface_list) {
-                                               tmp = (struct interface_defn_t *) iface_list->data;
-                                               if (duplicate_if(tmp, currif)) {
-                                                       bb_error_msg("duplicate interface \"%s\"", tmp->iface);
-                                                       return NULL;
-                                               }
-                                               iface_list = iface_list->link;
-                                       }
-
-                                       defn->ifaces = llist_add_to_end(defn->ifaces, (char*)currif);
-                               }
-                               debug_noise("iface %s %s %s\n", currif->iface, address_family_name, method_name);
                        }
+                       llist_add_to_end(&(defn->ifaces), (char*)currif);
+
+                       debug_noise("iface %s %s %s\n", currif->iface, address_family_name, method_name);
                        currently_processing = IFACE;
                } else if (strcmp(firstword, "auto") == 0) {
                        while ((firstword = next_word(&buf_ptr)) != NULL) {
@@ -841,80 +751,80 @@ static struct interfaces_file_t *read_interfaces(char *filename)
                                }
 
                                /* Add the interface to the list */
-                               defn->autointerfaces = llist_add_to_end(defn->autointerfaces, strdup(firstword));
+                               llist_add_to_end(&(defn->autointerfaces), xstrdup(firstword));
                                debug_noise("\nauto %s\n", firstword);
                        }
                        currently_processing = NONE;
                } else {
                        switch (currently_processing) {
-                               case IFACE:
-                                       {
-                                               int i;
+                       case IFACE:
+                               {
+                                       int i;
 
-                                               if (bb_strlen(buf_ptr) == 0) {
-                                                       bb_error_msg("option with empty value \"%s\"", buf);
-                                                       return NULL;
-                                               }
+                                       if (strlen(buf_ptr) == 0) {
+                                               bb_error_msg("option with empty value \"%s\"", buf);
+                                               return NULL;
+                                       }
 
-                                               if (strcmp(firstword, "up") != 0
-                                                               && strcmp(firstword, "down") != 0
-                                                               && strcmp(firstword, "pre-up") != 0
-                                                               && strcmp(firstword, "post-down") != 0) {
-                                                       for (i = 0; i < currif->n_options; i++) {
-                                                               if (strcmp(currif->option[i].name, firstword) == 0) {
-                                                                       bb_error_msg("duplicate option \"%s\"", buf);
-                                                                       return NULL;
-                                                               }
+                                       if (strcmp(firstword, "up") != 0
+                                                       && strcmp(firstword, "down") != 0
+                                                       && strcmp(firstword, "pre-up") != 0
+                                                       && strcmp(firstword, "post-down") != 0) {
+                                               for (i = 0; i < currif->n_options; i++) {
+                                                       if (strcmp(currif->option[i].name, firstword) == 0) {
+                                                               bb_error_msg("duplicate option \"%s\"", buf);
+                                                               return NULL;
                                                        }
                                                }
                                        }
-                                       if (currif->n_options >= currif->max_options) {
-                                               struct variable_t *opt;
+                               }
+                               if (currif->n_options >= currif->max_options) {
+                                       struct variable_t *opt;
 
-                                               currif->max_options = currif->max_options + 10;
-                                               opt = xrealloc(currif->option, sizeof(*opt) * currif->max_options);
-                                               currif->option = opt;
-                                       }
-                                       currif->option[currif->n_options].name = bb_xstrdup(firstword);
-                                       currif->option[currif->n_options].value = bb_xstrdup(buf_ptr);
-                                       if (!currif->option[currif->n_options].name) {
-                                               perror(filename);
-                                               return NULL;
-                                       }
-                                       if (!currif->option[currif->n_options].value) {
-                                               perror(filename);
-                                               return NULL;
-                                       }
-                                       debug_noise("\t%s=%s\n", currif->option[currif->n_options].name,
-                                                       currif->option[currif->n_options].value);
-                                       currif->n_options++;
-                                       break;
-                               case MAPPING:
+                                       currif->max_options = currif->max_options + 10;
+                                       opt = xrealloc(currif->option, sizeof(*opt) * currif->max_options);
+                                       currif->option = opt;
+                               }
+                               currif->option[currif->n_options].name = xstrdup(firstword);
+                               currif->option[currif->n_options].value = xstrdup(buf_ptr);
+                               if (!currif->option[currif->n_options].name) {
+                                       perror(filename);
+                                       return NULL;
+                               }
+                               if (!currif->option[currif->n_options].value) {
+                                       perror(filename);
+                                       return NULL;
+                               }
+                               debug_noise("\t%s=%s\n", currif->option[currif->n_options].name,
+                                               currif->option[currif->n_options].value);
+                               currif->n_options++;
+                               break;
+                       case MAPPING:
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_MAPPING
-                                       if (strcmp(firstword, "script") == 0) {
-                                               if (currmap->script != NULL) {
-                                                       bb_error_msg("duplicate script in mapping \"%s\"", buf);
-                                                       return NULL;
-                                               } else {
-                                                       currmap->script = bb_xstrdup(next_word(&buf_ptr));
-                                               }
-                                       } else if (strcmp(firstword, "map") == 0) {
-                                               if (currmap->max_mappings == currmap->n_mappings) {
-                                                       currmap->max_mappings = currmap->max_mappings * 2 + 1;
-                                                       currmap->mapping = xrealloc(currmap->mapping, sizeof(char *) * currmap->max_mappings);
-                                               }
-                                               currmap->mapping[currmap->n_mappings] = bb_xstrdup(next_word(&buf_ptr));
-                                               currmap->n_mappings++;
-                                       } else {
-                                               bb_error_msg("misplaced option \"%s\"", buf);
+                               if (strcmp(firstword, "script") == 0) {
+                                       if (currmap->script != NULL) {
+                                               bb_error_msg("duplicate script in mapping \"%s\"", buf);
                                                return NULL;
+                                       } else {
+                                               currmap->script = xstrdup(next_word(&buf_ptr));
                                        }
-#endif
-                                       break;
-                               case NONE:
-                               default:
+                               } else if (strcmp(firstword, "map") == 0) {
+                                       if (currmap->max_mappings == currmap->n_mappings) {
+                                               currmap->max_mappings = currmap->max_mappings * 2 + 1;
+                                               currmap->mapping = xrealloc(currmap->mapping, sizeof(char *) * currmap->max_mappings);
+                                       }
+                                       currmap->mapping[currmap->n_mappings] = xstrdup(next_word(&buf_ptr));
+                                       currmap->n_mappings++;
+                               } else {
                                        bb_error_msg("misplaced option \"%s\"", buf);
                                        return NULL;
+                               }
+#endif
+                               break;
+                       case NONE:
+                       default:
+                               bb_error_msg("misplaced option \"%s\"", buf);
+                               return NULL;
                        }
                }
                free(buf);
@@ -927,15 +837,13 @@ static struct interfaces_file_t *read_interfaces(char *filename)
        return defn;
 }
 
-static char *setlocalenv(char *format, char *name, char *value)
+static char *setlocalenv(char *format, const char *name, const char *value)
 {
        char *result;
        char *here;
        char *there;
 
-       result = xmalloc(bb_strlen(format) + bb_strlen(name) + bb_strlen(value) + 1);
-
-       sprintf(result, format, name, value);
+       result = xasprintf(format, name, value);
 
        for (here = there = result; *there != '=' && *there; there++) {
                if (*there == '-')
@@ -948,29 +856,27 @@ static char *setlocalenv(char *format, char *name, char *value)
                        here++;
                }
        }
-       memmove(here, there, bb_strlen(there) + 1);
+       memmove(here, there, strlen(there) + 1);
 
        return result;
 }
 
-static void set_environ(struct interface_defn_t *iface, char *mode)
+static void set_environ(struct interface_defn_t *iface, const char *mode)
 {
        char **environend;
        int i;
        const int n_env_entries = iface->n_options + 5;
        char **ppch;
 
-       if (environ != NULL) {
-               for (ppch = environ; *ppch; ppch++) {
+       if (__myenviron != NULL) {
+               for (ppch = __myenviron; *ppch; ppch++) {
                        free(*ppch);
                        *ppch = NULL;
                }
-               free(environ);
-               environ = NULL;
+               free(__myenviron);
        }
-       environ = xmalloc(sizeof(char *) * (n_env_entries + 1 /* for final NULL */ ));
-       environend = environ;
-       *environend = NULL;
+       __myenviron = xzalloc(sizeof(char *) * (n_env_entries + 1 /* for final NULL */ ));
+       environend = __myenviron;
 
        for (i = 0; i < iface->n_options; i++) {
                if (strcmp(iface->option[i].name, "up") == 0
@@ -980,62 +886,57 @@ static void set_environ(struct interface_defn_t *iface, char *mode)
                        continue;
                }
                *(environend++) = setlocalenv("IF_%s=%s", iface->option[i].name, iface->option[i].value);
-               *environend = NULL;
        }
 
        *(environend++) = setlocalenv("%s=%s", "IFACE", iface->iface);
-       *environend = NULL;
        *(environend++) = setlocalenv("%s=%s", "ADDRFAM", iface->address_family->name);
-       *environend = NULL;
        *(environend++) = setlocalenv("%s=%s", "METHOD", iface->method->name);
-       *environend = NULL;
        *(environend++) = setlocalenv("%s=%s", "MODE", mode);
-       *environend = NULL;
-       *(environend++) = setlocalenv("%s=%s", "PATH", "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin");
-       *environend = NULL;
+       *(environend++) = setlocalenv("%s=%s", "PATH", startup_PATH);
 }
 
 static int doit(char *str)
 {
-       if (verbose || no_act) {
-               printf("%s\n", str);
+       if (option_mask32 & (OPT_no_act|OPT_verbose)) {
+               puts(str);
        }
-       if (!no_act) {
+       if (!(option_mask32 & OPT_no_act)) {
                pid_t child;
                int status;
 
                fflush(NULL);
                switch (child = fork()) {
-                       case -1:                /* failure */
-                               return 0;
-                       case 0:         /* child */
-                               execle(DEFAULT_SHELL, DEFAULT_SHELL, "-c", str, NULL, environ);
-                               exit(127);
+               case -1:                /* failure */
+                       return 0;
+               case 0:         /* child */
+                       execle(DEFAULT_SHELL, DEFAULT_SHELL, "-c", str, NULL, __myenviron);
+                       exit(127);
                }
                waitpid(child, &status, 0);
                if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
                        return 0;
                }
        }
-       return (1);
+       return 1;
 }
 
-static int execute_all(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, execfn *exec, const char *opt)
+static int execute_all(struct interface_defn_t *ifd, const char *opt)
 {
        int i;
        char *buf;
        for (i = 0; i < ifd->n_options; i++) {
                if (strcmp(ifd->option[i].name, opt) == 0) {
-                       if (!(*exec) (ifd->option[i].value)) {
+                       if (!doit(ifd->option[i].value)) {
                                return 0;
                        }
                }
        }
 
-       bb_xasprintf(&buf, "run-parts /etc/network/if-%s.d", opt);
-       (*exec)(buf);
-
-       return (1);
+       buf = xasprintf("run-parts /etc/network/if-%s.d", opt);
+       if (doit(buf) != 1) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+       return 1;
 }
 
 static int check(char *str) {
@@ -1046,9 +947,9 @@ static int iface_up(struct interface_defn_t *iface)
 {
        if (!iface->method->up(iface,check)) return -1;
        set_environ(iface, "start");
-       if (!execute_all(iface, doit, "pre-up")) return 0;
+       if (!execute_all(iface, "pre-up")) return 0;
        if (!iface->method->up(iface, doit)) return 0;
-       if (!execute_all(iface, doit, "up")) return 0;
+       if (!execute_all(iface, "up")) return 0;
        return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1056,9 +957,9 @@ static int iface_down(struct interface_defn_t *iface)
 {
        if (!iface->method->down(iface,check)) return -1;
        set_environ(iface, "stop");
-       if (!execute_all(iface, doit, "down")) return 0;
+       if (!execute_all(iface, "down")) return 0;
        if (!iface->method->down(iface, doit)) return 0;
-       if (!execute_all(iface, doit, "post-down")) return 0;
+       if (!execute_all(iface, "post-down")) return 0;
        return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1091,38 +992,38 @@ static int popen2(FILE **in, FILE **out, char *command, ...)
 
        fflush(NULL);
        switch (pid = fork()) {
-               case -1:                        /* failure */
-                       close(infd[0]);
-                       close(infd[1]);
-                       close(outfd[0]);
-                       close(outfd[1]);
-                       return 0;
-               case 0:                 /* child */
-                       dup2(infd[0], 0);
-                       dup2(outfd[1], 1);
-                       close(infd[0]);
-                       close(infd[1]);
-                       close(outfd[0]);
-                       close(outfd[1]);
-                       execvp(command, argv);
-                       exit(127);
-               default:                        /* parent */
-                       *in = fdopen(infd[1], "w");
-                       *out = fdopen(outfd[0], "r");
-                       close(infd[0]);
-                       close(outfd[1]);
-                       return pid;
+       case -1:                        /* failure */
+               close(infd[0]);
+               close(infd[1]);
+               close(outfd[0]);
+               close(outfd[1]);
+               return 0;
+       case 0:                 /* child */
+               dup2(infd[0], 0);
+               dup2(outfd[1], 1);
+               close(infd[0]);
+               close(infd[1]);
+               close(outfd[0]);
+               close(outfd[1]);
+               execvp(command, argv);
+               exit(127);
+       default:                        /* parent */
+               *in = fdopen(infd[1], "w");
+               *out = fdopen(outfd[0], "r");
+               close(infd[0]);
+               close(outfd[1]);
+               return pid;
        }
        /* unreached */
 }
 
-static char * run_mapping(char *physical, struct mapping_defn_t * map)
+static char *run_mapping(char *physical, struct mapping_defn_t * map)
 {
        FILE *in, *out;
        int i, status;
        pid_t pid;
 
-       char *logical = bb_xstrdup(physical);
+       char *logical = xstrdup(physical);
 
        /* Run the mapping script. */
        pid = popen2(&in, &out, map->script, physical, NULL);
@@ -1148,7 +1049,7 @@ static char * run_mapping(char *physical, struct mapping_defn_t * map)
                        /* If we are able to read a line of output from the script,
                         * remove any trailing whitespace and use this value
                         * as the name of the logical interface. */
-                       char *pch = new_logical + bb_strlen(new_logical) - 1;
+                       char *pch = new_logical + strlen(new_logical) - 1;
 
                        while (pch >= new_logical && isspace(*pch))
                                *(pch--) = '\0';
@@ -1156,7 +1057,7 @@ static char * run_mapping(char *physical, struct mapping_defn_t * map)
                        free(logical);
                        logical = new_logical;
                } else {
-                       /* If we are UNABLE to read a line of output, discard are
+                       /* If we are UNABLE to read a line of output, discard our
                         * freshly allocated memory. */
                        free(new_logical);
                }
@@ -1170,37 +1071,31 @@ static char * run_mapping(char *physical, struct mapping_defn_t * map)
 
 static llist_t *find_iface_state(llist_t *state_list, const char *iface)
 {
-       unsigned short iface_len = bb_strlen(iface);
+       unsigned short iface_len = strlen(iface);
        llist_t *search = state_list;
 
        while (search) {
                if ((strncmp(search->data, iface, iface_len) == 0) &&
                                (search->data[iface_len] == '=')) {
-                       return(search);
+                       return search;
                }
                search = search->link;
        }
-       return(NULL);
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-extern int ifupdown_main(int argc, char **argv)
+int ifupdown_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-       int (*cmds) (struct interface_defn_t *) = NULL;
+       static const char statefile[] = "/var/run/ifstate";
+
+       int (*cmds)(struct interface_defn_t *) = NULL;
        struct interfaces_file_t *defn;
-       FILE *state_fp = NULL;
        llist_t *state_list = NULL;
        llist_t *target_list = NULL;
-       char *interfaces = "/etc/network/interfaces";
-       const char *statefile = "/var/run/ifstate";
+       const char *interfaces = "/etc/network/interfaces";
+       int any_failures = 0;
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_MAPPING
-       int run_mappings = 1;
-#endif
-       int do_all = 0;
-       int force = 0;
-       int i;
-
-       if (bb_applet_name[2] == 'u') {
+       if (applet_name[2] == 'u') {
                /* ifup command */
                cmds = iface_up;
        } else {
@@ -1208,48 +1103,11 @@ extern int ifupdown_main(int argc, char **argv)
                cmds = iface_down;
        }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_MAPPING
-       while ((i = getopt(argc, argv, "i:hvnamf")) != -1)
-#else
-               while ((i = getopt(argc, argv, "i:hvnaf")) != -1)
-#endif
-               {
-                       switch (i) {
-                               case 'i':       /* interfaces */
-                                       interfaces = bb_xstrdup(optarg);
-                                       break;
-                               case 'v':       /* verbose */
-                                       verbose = 1;
-                                       break;
-                               case 'a':       /* all */
-                                       do_all = 1;
-                                       break;
-                               case 'n':       /* no-act */
-                                       no_act = 1;
-                                       break;
-#ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_MAPPING
-                               case 'm':       /* no-mappings */
-                                       run_mappings = 0;
-                                       break;
-#endif
-                               case 'f':       /* force */
-                                       force = 1;
-                                       break;
-                               default:
-                                       bb_show_usage();
-                                       break;
-                       }
-               }
-
+       getopt32(argc, argv, OPTION_STR, &interfaces);
        if (argc - optind > 0) {
-               if (do_all) {
-                       bb_show_usage();
-               }
-       } else {
-               if (!do_all) {
-                       bb_show_usage();
-               }
-       }
+               if (DO_ALL) bb_show_usage();
+       } else
+               if (!DO_ALL) bb_show_usage();
 
        debug_noise("reading %s file:\n", interfaces);
        defn = read_interfaces(interfaces);
@@ -1259,48 +1117,24 @@ extern int ifupdown_main(int argc, char **argv)
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
 
-       if (no_act) {
-               state_fp = fopen(statefile, "r");
-       }
+       startup_PATH = getenv("PATH");
+       if (!startup_PATH) startup_PATH = "";
 
        /* Create a list of interfaces to work on */
-       if (do_all) {
+       if (DO_ALL) {
                if (cmds == iface_up) {
                        target_list = defn->autointerfaces;
                } else {
-#if 0
-                       /* iface_down */
-                       llist_t *new_item;
-                       const llist_t *list = state_list;
-                       while (list) {
-                               new_item = xmalloc(sizeof(llist_t));
-                               new_item->data = strdup(list->data);
-                               new_item->link = NULL;
-                               list = target_list;
-                               if (list == NULL)
-                                       target_list = new_item;
-                               else {
-                                       while (list->link) {
-                                               list = list->link;
-                                       }
-                                       list = new_item;
-                               }
-                               list = list->link;
-                       }
-                       target_list = defn->autointerfaces;
-#else
-
                        /* iface_down */
                        const llist_t *list = state_list;
                        while (list) {
-                               target_list = llist_add_to_end(target_list, strdup(list->data));
+                               llist_add_to_end(&target_list, xstrdup(list->data));
                                list = list->link;
                        }
                        target_list = defn->autointerfaces;
-#endif
                }
        } else {
-               target_list = llist_add_to_end(target_list, argv[optind]);
+               llist_add_to_end(&target_list, argv[optind]);
        }
 
 
@@ -1312,19 +1146,20 @@ extern int ifupdown_main(int argc, char **argv)
                char *liface;
                char *pch;
                int okay = 0;
+               int cmds_ret;
 
-               iface = strdup(target_list->data);
+               iface = xstrdup(target_list->data);
                target_list = target_list->link;
 
                pch = strchr(iface, '=');
                if (pch) {
                        *pch = '\0';
-                       liface = strdup(pch + 1);
+                       liface = xstrdup(pch + 1);
                } else {
-                       liface = strdup(iface);
+                       liface = xstrdup(iface);
                }
 
-               if (!force) {
+               if (!FORCE) {
                        const llist_t *iface_state = find_iface_state(state_list, iface);
 
                        if (cmds == iface_up) {
@@ -1343,15 +1178,15 @@ extern int ifupdown_main(int argc, char **argv)
                }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_MAPPING
-               if ((cmds == iface_up) && run_mappings) {
+               if ((cmds == iface_up) && !NO_MAPPINGS) {
                        struct mapping_defn_t *currmap;
 
                        for (currmap = defn->mappings; currmap; currmap = currmap->next) {
-
+                               int i;
                                for (i = 0; i < currmap->n_matches; i++) {
                                        if (fnmatch(currmap->match[i], liface, 0) != 0)
                                                continue;
-                                       if (verbose) {
+                                       if (VERBOSE) {
                                                printf("Running mapping script %s on %s\n", currmap->script, liface);
                                        }
                                        liface = run_mapping(iface, currmap);
@@ -1374,64 +1209,49 @@ extern int ifupdown_main(int argc, char **argv)
                                debug_noise("\nConfiguring interface %s (%s)\n", liface, currif->address_family->name);
 
                                /* Call the cmds function pointer, does either iface_up() or iface_down() */
-                               if (cmds(currif) == -1) {
-                                       bb_error_msg("Don't seem to be have all the variables for %s/%s.",
+                               cmds_ret = cmds(currif);
+                               if (cmds_ret == -1) {
+                                       bb_error_msg("don't seem to have all the variables for %s/%s",
                                                        liface, currif->address_family->name);
+                                       any_failures += 1;
+                               } else if (cmds_ret == 0) {
+                                       any_failures += 1;
                                }
 
                                currif->iface = oldiface;
                        }
                        iface_list = iface_list->link;
                }
-               if (verbose) {
-                       printf("\n");
+               if (VERBOSE) {
+                       puts("");
                }
 
-               if (!okay && !force) {
-                       bb_error_msg("Ignoring unknown interface %s", liface);
+               if (!okay && !FORCE) {
+                       bb_error_msg("ignoring unknown interface %s", liface);
+                       any_failures += 1;
                } else {
                        llist_t *iface_state = find_iface_state(state_list, iface);
 
                        if (cmds == iface_up) {
-                               char *newiface = xmalloc(bb_strlen(iface) + 1 + bb_strlen(liface) + 1);
-                               sprintf(newiface, "%s=%s", iface, liface);
+                               char *newiface = xasprintf("%s=%s", iface, liface);
                                if (iface_state == NULL) {
-                                       state_list = llist_add_to_end(state_list, newiface);
+                                       llist_add_to_end(&state_list, newiface);
                                } else {
                                        free(iface_state->data);
                                        iface_state->data = newiface;
                                }
-                       } else if (cmds == iface_down) {
+                       } else {
                                /* Remove an interface from the linked list */
-                               if (iface_state) {
-                                       /* This needs to be done better */
-                                       free(iface_state->data);
-                                       free(iface_state->link);
-                                       if (iface_state->link) {
-                                               iface_state->data = iface_state->link->data;
-                                               iface_state->link = iface_state->link->link;
-                                       } else {
-                                               iface_state->data = NULL;
-                                               iface_state->link = NULL;
-                                       }
-                               }
+                               free(llist_pop(&iface_state));
                        }
                }
        }
 
        /* Actually write the new state */
-       if (!no_act) {
-
-               if (state_fp)
-                       fclose(state_fp);
-               state_fp = bb_xfopen(statefile, "a+");
-
-               if (ftruncate(fileno(state_fp), 0) < 0) {
-                       bb_error_msg_and_die("failed to truncate statefile %s: %s", statefile, strerror(errno));
-               }
-
-               rewind(state_fp);
+       if (!NO_ACT) {
+               FILE *state_fp = NULL;
 
+               state_fp = xfopen(statefile, "w");
                while (state_list) {
                        if (state_list->data) {
                                fputs(state_list->data, state_fp);
@@ -1439,14 +1259,10 @@ extern int ifupdown_main(int argc, char **argv)
                        }
                        state_list = state_list->link;
                }
-               fflush(state_fp);
-       }
-
-       /* Cleanup */
-       if (state_fp != NULL) {
                fclose(state_fp);
-               state_fp = NULL;
        }
 
+       if (any_failures)
+               return 1;
        return 0;
 }