*: introduce and use xfork()
[oweals/busybox.git] / networking / httpd.c
index b31b7368713b11422e872d243877d3d081bedd5f..9b4b7172d74fa485011c02581958bb958bda654a 100644 (file)
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  * Doc:
  * "CGI Environment Variables": http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/env.html
  *
- * The server can also be invoked as a url arg decoder and html text encoder
+ * The applet can also be invoked as a url arg decoder and html text encoder
  * as follows:
  *  foo=`httpd -d $foo`           # decode "Hello%20World" as "Hello World"
  *  bar=`httpd -e "<Hello World>"`  # encode as "&#60Hello&#32World&#62"
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
  * A:127.0.0.1       # Allow local loopback connections
  * D:*               # Deny from other IP connections
  * E404:/path/e404.html # /path/e404.html is the 404 (not found) error page
+ * I:index.html      # Show index.html when a directory is requested
  *
  * P:/url:[http://]hostname[:port]/new/path
  *                   # When /urlXXXXXX is requested, reverse proxy
  * .au:audio/basic   # additional mime type for audio.au files
  * *.php:/path/php   # running cgi.php scripts through an interpreter
  *
- * A/D may be as a/d or allow/deny - first char case insensitive
- * Deny IP rules take precedence over allow rules.
- *
- *
- * The Deny/Allow IP logic:
- *
- *  - Default is to allow all.  No addresses are denied unless
- *         denied with a D: rule.
- *  - Order of Deny/Allow rules is significant
+ * A/D may be as a/d or allow/deny - only first char matters.
+ * Deny/Allow IP logic:
+ *  - Default is to allow all (Allow all (A:*) is a no-op).
  *  - Deny rules take precedence over allow rules.
- *  - If a deny all rule (D:*) is used it acts as a catch-all for unmatched
- *       addresses.
- *  - Specification of Allow all (A:*) is a no-op
+ *  - "Deny all" rule (D:*) is applied last.
  *
  * Example:
  *   1. Allow only specified addresses
@@ -250,6 +243,7 @@ struct globals {
        const char *g_query;
        const char *configFile;
        const char *home_httpd;
+       const char *index_page;
 
        const char *found_mime_type;
        const char *found_moved_temporarily;
@@ -295,6 +289,7 @@ struct globals {
 #define g_query           (G.g_query          )
 #define configFile        (G.configFile       )
 #define home_httpd        (G.home_httpd       )
+#define index_page        (G.index_page       )
 #define found_mime_type   (G.found_mime_type  )
 #define found_moved_temporarily (G.found_moved_temporarily)
 #define last_mod          (G.last_mod         )
@@ -319,9 +314,10 @@ struct globals {
 #define http_error_page   (G.http_error_page  )
 #define proxy             (G.proxy            )
 #define INIT_G() do { \
-       PTR_TO_GLOBALS = xzalloc(sizeof(G)); \
+       SET_PTR_TO_GLOBALS(xzalloc(sizeof(G))); \
        USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(g_realm = "Web Server Authentication";) \
        bind_addr_or_port = "80"; \
+       index_page = "index.html"; \
        file_size = -1; \
 } while (0)
 
@@ -337,7 +333,12 @@ enum {
 #define STRNCASECMP(a, str) strncasecmp((a), (str), sizeof(str)-1)
 
 /* Prototypes */
-static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int headers) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+enum {
+       SEND_HEADERS     = (1 << 0),
+       SEND_BODY        = (1 << 1),
+       SEND_HEADERS_AND_BODY = SEND_HEADERS + SEND_BODY,
+};
+static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int what) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
 
 static void free_llist(has_next_ptr **pptr)
 {
@@ -485,10 +486,10 @@ static void parse_conf(const char *path, int flag)
  || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
        Htaccess *cur;
 #endif
-       const char *cf = configFile;
+       const char *filename = configFile;
        char buf[160];
-       char *p0;
-       char *c, *p;
+       char *p, *p0;
+       char *after_colon;
        Htaccess_IP *pip;
 
        /* discard old rules */
@@ -511,20 +512,20 @@ static void parse_conf(const char *path, int flag)
        }
 #endif
 
-       if (flag == SUBDIR_PARSE || cf == NULL) {
-               cf = alloca(strlen(path) + sizeof(httpd_conf) + 2);
-               sprintf((char *)cf, "%s/%s", path, httpd_conf);
+       if (flag == SUBDIR_PARSE || filename == NULL) {
+               filename = alloca(strlen(path) + sizeof(httpd_conf) + 2);
+               sprintf((char *)filename, "%s/%s", path, httpd_conf);
        }
 
-       while ((f = fopen(cf, "r")) == NULL) {
+       while ((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
                if (flag == SUBDIR_PARSE || flag == FIND_FROM_HTTPD_ROOT) {
                        /* config file not found, no changes to config */
                        return;
                }
                if (configFile && flag == FIRST_PARSE) /* if -c option given */
-                       bb_simple_perror_msg_and_die(cf);
+                       bb_simple_perror_msg_and_die(filename);
                flag = FIND_FROM_HTTPD_ROOT;
-               cf = httpd_conf;
+               filename = httpd_conf;
        }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
@@ -532,58 +533,53 @@ static void parse_conf(const char *path, int flag)
 #endif
        /* This could stand some work */
        while ((p0 = fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) != NULL) {
-               c = NULL;
+               after_colon = NULL;
                for (p = p0; *p0 != '\0' && *p0 != '#'; p0++) {
                        if (!isspace(*p0)) {
                                *p++ = *p0;
-                               if (*p0 == ':' && c == NULL)
-                                       c = p;
+                               if (*p0 == ':' && after_colon == NULL)
+                                       after_colon = p;
                        }
                }
                *p = '\0';
 
                /* test for empty or strange line */
-               if (c == NULL || *c == '\0')
+               if (after_colon == NULL || *after_colon == '\0')
                        continue;
                p0 = buf;
-               if (*p0 == 'd')
-                       *p0 = 'D';
-               if (*c == '*') {
+               if (*p0 == 'd' || *p0 == 'a')
+                       *p0 -= 0x20; /* a/d -> A/D */
+               if (*after_colon == '*') {
                        if (*p0 == 'D') {
-                               /* memorize deny all */
+                               /* memorize "deny all" */
                                flg_deny_all = 1;
                        }
-                       /* skip default other "word:*" config lines */
+                       /* skip assumed "A:*", it is a default anyway */
                        continue;
                }
 
-               if (*p0 == 'a')
-                       *p0 = 'A';
                if (*p0 == 'A' || *p0 == 'D') {
                        /* storing current config IP line */
                        pip = xzalloc(sizeof(Htaccess_IP));
-                       if (pip) {
-                               if (scan_ip_mask(c, &(pip->ip), &(pip->mask))) {
-                                       /* syntax IP{/mask} error detected, protect all */
-                                       *p0 = 'D';
-                                       pip->mask = 0;
-                               }
-                               pip->allow_deny = *p0;
-                               if (*p0 == 'D') {
-                                       /* Deny:from_IP move top */
-                                       pip->next = ip_a_d;
+                       if (scan_ip_mask(after_colon, &(pip->ip), &(pip->mask))) {
+                               /* IP{/mask} syntax error detected, protect all */
+                               *p0 = 'D';
+                               pip->mask = 0;
+                       }
+                       pip->allow_deny = *p0;
+                       if (*p0 == 'D') {
+                               /* Deny:from_IP - prepend */
+                               pip->next = ip_a_d;
+                               ip_a_d = pip;
+                       } else {
+                               /* A:from_IP - append (thus D precedes A) */
+                               Htaccess_IP *prev_IP = ip_a_d;
+                               if (prev_IP == NULL) {
                                        ip_a_d = pip;
                                } else {
-                                       /* add to bottom A:form_IP config line */
-                                       Htaccess_IP *prev_IP = ip_a_d;
-
-                                       if (prev_IP == NULL) {
-                                               ip_a_d = pip;
-                                       } else {
-                                               while (prev_IP->next)
-                                                       prev_IP = prev_IP->next;
-                                               prev_IP->next = pip;
-                                       }
+                                       while (prev_IP->next)
+                                               prev_IP = prev_IP->next;
+                                       prev_IP->next = pip;
                                }
                        }
                        continue;
@@ -591,20 +587,19 @@ static void parse_conf(const char *path, int flag)
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ERROR_PAGES
                if (flag == FIRST_PARSE && *p0 == 'E') {
-                       int i;
-                       /* error status code */
-                       int status = atoi(++p0);
-                       /* c already points at the character following ':' in parse loop */
-                       /* c = strchr(p0, ':'); c++; */
+                       unsigned i;
+                       int status = atoi(++p0); /* error status code */
                        if (status < HTTP_CONTINUE) {
-                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, cf);
+                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, filename);
                                continue;
                        }
-
                        /* then error page; find matching status */
                        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(http_response_type); i++) {
                                if (http_response_type[i] == status) {
-                                       http_error_page[i] = concat_path_file((*c == '/') ? NULL : home_httpd, c);
+                                       /* We chdir to home_httpd, thus no need to
+                                        * concat_path_file(home_httpd, after_colon)
+                                        * here */
+                                       http_error_page[i] = xstrdup(after_colon);
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
@@ -618,22 +613,22 @@ static void parse_conf(const char *path, int flag)
                        char *url_from, *host_port, *url_to;
                        Htaccess_Proxy *proxy_entry;
 
-                       url_from = c;
-                       host_port = strchr(c, ':');
+                       url_from = after_colon;
+                       host_port = strchr(after_colon, ':');
                        if (host_port == NULL) {
-                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, cf);
+                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, filename);
                                continue;
                        }
                        *host_port++ = '\0';
                        if (strncmp(host_port, "http://", 7) == 0)
                                host_port += 7;
                        if (*host_port == '\0') {
-                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, cf);
+                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, filename);
                                continue;
                        }
                        url_to = strchr(host_port, '/');
                        if (url_to == NULL) {
-                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, cf);
+                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, filename);
                                continue;
                        }
                        *url_to = '\0';
@@ -651,80 +646,85 @@ static void parse_conf(const char *path, int flag)
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
                if (*p0 == '/') {
                        /* make full path from httpd root / current_path / config_line_path */
-                       cf = (flag == SUBDIR_PARSE ? path : "");
-                       p0 = xmalloc(strlen(cf) + (c - buf) + 2 + strlen(c));
-                       c[-1] = '\0';
-                       sprintf(p0, "/%s%s", cf, buf);
-
-                       /* another call bb_simplify_path */
-                       cf = p = p0;
+                       const char *tp = (flag == SUBDIR_PARSE ? path : "");
+                       p0 = xmalloc(strlen(tp) + (after_colon - buf) + 2 + strlen(after_colon));
+                       after_colon[-1] = '\0';
+                       sprintf(p0, "/%s%s", tp, buf);
 
+                       /* looks like bb_simplify_path... */
+                       tp = p = p0;
                        do {
                                if (*p == '/') {
-                                       if (*cf == '/') {    /* skip duplicate (or initial) slash */
+                                       if (*tp == '/') {    /* skip duplicate (or initial) slash */
                                                continue;
                                        }
-                                       if (*cf == '.') {
-                                               if (cf[1] == '/' || cf[1] == '\0') { /* remove extra '.' */
+                                       if (*tp == '.') {
+                                               if (tp[1] == '/' || tp[1] == '\0') { /* remove extra '.' */
                                                        continue;
                                                }
-                                               if ((cf[1] == '.') && (cf[2] == '/' || cf[2] == '\0')) {
-                                                       ++cf;
+                                               if ((tp[1] == '.') && (tp[2] == '/' || tp[2] == '\0')) {
+                                                       ++tp;
                                                        if (p > p0) {
-                                                               while (*--p != '/') /* omit previous dir */;
+                                                               while (*--p != '/') /* omit previous dir */
+                                                                       continue;
                                                        }
                                                        continue;
                                                }
                                        }
                                }
-                               *++p = *cf;
-                       } while (*++cf);
+                               *++p = *tp;
+                       } while (*++tp);
 
-                       if ((p == p0) || (*p != '/')) {      /* not a trailing slash */
-                               ++p;                             /* so keep last character */
+                       if ((p == p0) || (*p != '/')) { /* not a trailing slash */
+                               ++p;                    /* so keep last character */
                        }
                        *p = ':';
-                       strcpy(p + 1, c);
+                       strcpy(p + 1, after_colon);
                }
 #endif
+               if (*p0 == 'I') {
+                       index_page = xstrdup(after_colon);
+                       continue;
+               }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH \
  || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES \
  || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
                /* storing current config line */
                cur = xzalloc(sizeof(Htaccess) + strlen(p0));
-               cf = strcpy(cur->before_colon, p0);
+               strcpy(cur->before_colon, p0);
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-               if (*p0 == '/')
+               if (*p0 == '/') /* was malloced - see above */
                        free(p0);
 #endif
-               c = strchr(cf, ':');
-               *c++ = '\0';
-               cur->after_colon = c;
+               cur->after_colon = strchr(cur->before_colon, ':');
+               *cur->after_colon++ = '\0';
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES
-               if (*cf == '.') {
-                       /* config .mime line move top for overwrite previous */
+               if (cur->before_colon[0] == '.') {
+                       /* .mime line: prepend to mime_a list */
                        cur->next = mime_a;
                        mime_a = cur;
                        continue;
                }
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
-               if (*cf == '*' && cf[1] == '.') {
-                       /* config script interpreter line move top for overwrite previous */
+               if (cur->before_colon[0] == '*' && cur->before_colon[1] == '.') {
+                       /* script interpreter line: prepend to script_i list */
                        cur->next = script_i;
                        script_i = cur;
                        continue;
                }
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
+//TODO: we do not test for leading "/"??
+//also, do we leak cur if BASIC_AUTH is off?
                if (prev == NULL) {
                        /* first line */
                        g_auth = prev = cur;
                } else {
                        /* sort path, if current length eq or bigger then move up */
                        Htaccess *prev_hti = g_auth;
-                       size_t l = strlen(cf);
+                       size_t l = strlen(cur->before_colon);
                        Htaccess *hti;
 
                        for (hti = prev_hti; hti; hti = hti->next) {
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ static char *encodeString(const char *string)
 /*
  * Given a URL encoded string, convert it to plain ascii.
  * Since decoding always makes strings smaller, the decode is done in-place.
- * Thus, callers should strdup() the argument if they do not want the
+ * Thus, callers should xstrdup() the argument if they do not want the
  * argument modified.  The return is the original pointer, allowing this
  * function to be easily used as arguments to other functions.
  *
@@ -925,9 +925,12 @@ static void log_and_exit(void)
        /* Paranoia. IE said to be buggy. It may send some extra data
         * or be confused by us just exiting without SHUT_WR. Oh well. */
        shutdown(1, SHUT_WR);
+       /* Why??
+       (this also messes up stdin when user runs httpd -i from terminal)
        ndelay_on(0);
-       while (read(0, iobuf, IOBUF_SIZE) > 0)
+       while (read(STDIN_FILENO, iobuf, IOBUF_SIZE) > 0)
                continue;
+       */
 
        if (verbose > 2)
                bb_error_msg("closed");
@@ -949,7 +952,7 @@ static void send_headers(int responseNum)
        const char *infoString = NULL;
        const char *mime_type;
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ERROR_PAGES
-       const char *error_page = 0;
+       const char *error_page = NULL;
 #endif
        unsigned i;
        time_t timer = time(0);
@@ -995,16 +998,16 @@ static void send_headers(int responseNum)
        }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ERROR_PAGES
-       if (error_page && !access(error_page, R_OK)) {
+       if (error_page && access(error_page, R_OK) == 0) {
                strcat(iobuf, "\r\n");
                len += 2;
 
                if (DEBUG)
                        fprintf(stderr, "headers: '%s'\n", iobuf);
-               full_write(1, iobuf, len);
+               full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, iobuf, len);
                if (DEBUG)
                        fprintf(stderr, "writing error page: '%s'\n", error_page);
-               return send_file_and_exit(error_page, FALSE);
+               return send_file_and_exit(error_page, SEND_BODY);
        }
 #endif
 
@@ -1040,7 +1043,7 @@ static void send_headers(int responseNum)
        }
        if (DEBUG)
                fprintf(stderr, "headers: '%s'\n", iobuf);
-       if (full_write(1, iobuf, len) != len) {
+       if (full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, iobuf, len) != len) {
                if (verbose > 1)
                        bb_perror_msg("error");
                log_and_exit();
@@ -1068,7 +1071,7 @@ static int get_line(void)
 
        while (1) {
                if (hdr_cnt <= 0) {
-                       hdr_cnt = safe_read(0, hdr_buf, sizeof(hdr_buf));
+                       hdr_cnt = safe_read(STDIN_FILENO, hdr_buf, sizeof(hdr_buf));
                        if (hdr_cnt <= 0)
                                break;
                        hdr_ptr = hdr_buf;
@@ -1144,7 +1147,7 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                count = safe_poll(pfd, 3, -1);
                if (count <= 0) {
 #if 0
-                       if (waitpid(pid, &status, WNOHANG) <= 0) {
+                       if (safe_waitpid(pid, &status, WNOHANG) <= 0) {
                                /* Weird. CGI didn't exit and no fd's
                                 * are ready, yet poll returned?! */
                                continue;
@@ -1180,8 +1183,8 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                         * and there *is* data to read from the peer
                         * (POSTDATA) */
                        //count = post_len > (int)sizeof(hdr_buf) ? (int)sizeof(hdr_buf) : post_len;
-                       //count = safe_read(0, hdr_buf, count);
-                       count = safe_read(0, hdr_buf, sizeof(hdr_buf));
+                       //count = safe_read(STDIN_FILENO, hdr_buf, count);
+                       count = safe_read(STDIN_FILENO, hdr_buf, sizeof(hdr_buf));
                        if (count > 0) {
                                hdr_cnt = count;
                                hdr_ptr = hdr_buf;
@@ -1215,8 +1218,8 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                                        /* eof (or error) and there was no "HTTP",
                                         * so write it, then write received data */
                                        if (out_cnt) {
-                                               full_write(1, HTTP_200, sizeof(HTTP_200)-1);
-                                               full_write(1, rbuf, out_cnt);
+                                               full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, HTTP_200, sizeof(HTTP_200)-1);
+                                               full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, rbuf, out_cnt);
                                        }
                                        break; /* CGI stdout is closed, exiting */
                                }
@@ -1225,7 +1228,7 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                                /* "Status" header format is: "Status: 302 Redirected\r\n" */
                                if (out_cnt >= 8 && memcmp(rbuf, "Status: ", 8) == 0) {
                                        /* send "HTTP/1.0 " */
-                                       if (full_write(1, HTTP_200, 9) != 9)
+                                       if (full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, HTTP_200, 9) != 9)
                                                break;
                                        rbuf += 8; /* skip "Status: " */
                                        count = out_cnt - 8;
@@ -1234,7 +1237,7 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                                        /* Did CGI add "HTTP"? */
                                        if (memcmp(rbuf, HTTP_200, 4) != 0) {
                                                /* there is no "HTTP", do it ourself */
-                                               if (full_write(1, HTTP_200, sizeof(HTTP_200)-1) != sizeof(HTTP_200)-1)
+                                               if (full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, HTTP_200, sizeof(HTTP_200)-1) != sizeof(HTTP_200)-1)
                                                        break;
                                        }
                                        /* Commented out:
@@ -1254,7 +1257,7 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                                if (count <= 0)
                                        break;  /* eof (or error) */
                        }
-                       if (full_write(1, rbuf, count) != count)
+                       if (full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, rbuf, count) != count)
                                break;
                        if (DEBUG)
                                fprintf(stderr, "cgi read %d bytes: '%.*s'\n", count, count, rbuf);
@@ -1297,51 +1300,51 @@ static void send_cgi_and_exit(
                const char *cookie,
                const char *content_type)
 {
-       struct { int rd; int wr; } fromCgi;  /* CGI -> httpd pipe */
-       struct { int rd; int wr; } toCgi;    /* httpd -> CGI pipe */
-       char *fullpath;
+       struct fd_pair fromCgi;  /* CGI -> httpd pipe */
+       struct fd_pair toCgi;    /* httpd -> CGI pipe */
        char *script;
-       char *purl;
        int pid;
 
+       /* Make a copy. NB: caller guarantees:
+        * url[0] == '/', url[1] != '/' */
+       url = xstrdup(url);
+
        /*
         * We are mucking with environment _first_ and then vfork/exec,
-        * this allows us to use vfork safely. Parent don't care about
+        * this allows us to use vfork safely. Parent doesn't care about
         * these environment changes anyway.
         */
 
-       /*
-        * Find PATH_INFO.
-        */
-       purl = xstrdup(url);
-       script = purl;
+       /* Check for [dirs/]script.cgi/PATH_INFO */
+       script = (char*)url;
        while ((script = strchr(script + 1, '/')) != NULL) {
-               /* have script.cgi/PATH_INFO or dirs/script.cgi[/PATH_INFO] */
                struct stat sb;
 
                *script = '\0';
-               if (!is_directory(purl + 1, 1, &sb)) {
+               if (!is_directory(url + 1, 1, &sb)) {
                        /* not directory, found script.cgi/PATH_INFO */
                        *script = '/';
                        break;
                }
-               *script = '/';          /* is directory, find next '/' */
+               *script = '/'; /* is directory, find next '/' */
        }
-       setenv1("PATH_INFO", script);   /* set /PATH_INFO or "" */
+       setenv1("PATH_INFO", script);   /* set to /PATH_INFO or "" */
        setenv1("REQUEST_METHOD", request);
        if (g_query) {
-               putenv(xasprintf("%s=%s?%s", "REQUEST_URI", purl, g_query));
+               putenv(xasprintf("%s=%s?%s", "REQUEST_URI", url, g_query));
        } else {
-               setenv1("REQUEST_URI", purl);
+               setenv1("REQUEST_URI", url);
        }
        if (script != NULL)
                *script = '\0';         /* cut off /PATH_INFO */
 
-       /* SCRIPT_FILENAME required by PHP in CGI mode */
-       fullpath = concat_path_file(home_httpd, purl);
-       setenv1("SCRIPT_FILENAME", fullpath);
+       /* SCRIPT_FILENAME is required by PHP in CGI mode */
+       if (home_httpd[0] == '/') {
+               char *fullpath = concat_path_file(home_httpd, url);
+               setenv1("SCRIPT_FILENAME", fullpath);
+       }
        /* set SCRIPT_NAME as full path: /cgi-bin/dirs/script.cgi */
-       setenv1("SCRIPT_NAME", purl);
+       setenv1("SCRIPT_NAME", url);
        /* http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/env.html:
         * QUERY_STRING: The information which follows the ? in the URL
         * which referenced this script. This is the query information.
@@ -1388,8 +1391,8 @@ static void send_cgi_and_exit(
        if (referer)
                setenv1("HTTP_REFERER", referer);
 
-       xpipe(&fromCgi.rd);
-       xpipe(&toCgi.rd);
+       xpiped_pair(fromCgi);
+       xpiped_pair(toCgi);
 
        pid = vfork();
        if (pid < 0) {
@@ -1399,49 +1402,66 @@ static void send_cgi_and_exit(
 
        if (!pid) {
                /* Child process */
+               char *argv[3];
+
                xfunc_error_retval = 242;
 
+               /* NB: close _first_, then move fds! */
+               close(toCgi.wr);
+               close(fromCgi.rd);
                xmove_fd(toCgi.rd, 0);  /* replace stdin with the pipe */
                xmove_fd(fromCgi.wr, 1);  /* replace stdout with the pipe */
-               close(fromCgi.rd);
-               close(toCgi.wr);
                /* User seeing stderr output can be a security problem.
                 * If CGI really wants that, it can always do dup itself. */
                /* dup2(1, 2); */
 
-               /* script must have absolute path */
-               script = strrchr(fullpath, '/');
-               if (!script)
-                       goto error_execing_cgi;
-               *script = '\0';
-               /* chdiring to script's dir */
-               if (chdir(fullpath) == 0) {
-                       char *argv[2];
+               /* Chdiring to script's dir */
+               script = strrchr(url, '/');
+               if (script != url) { /* paranoia */
+                       *script = '\0';
+                       if (chdir(url + 1) != 0) {
+                               bb_perror_msg("chdir %s", url + 1);
+                               goto error_execing_cgi;
+                       }
+                       // not needed: *script = '/';
+               }
+               script++;
+
+               /* set argv[0] to name without path */
+               argv[0] = script;
+               argv[1] = NULL;
+
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
-                       char *interpr = NULL;
-                       char *suffix = strrchr(purl, '.');
+               {
+                       char *suffix = strrchr(script, '.');
 
                        if (suffix) {
                                Htaccess *cur;
                                for (cur = script_i; cur; cur = cur->next) {
                                        if (strcmp(cur->before_colon + 1, suffix) == 0) {
-                                               interpr = cur->after_colon;
+                                               /* found interpreter name */
+                                               argv[0] = cur->after_colon;
+                                               argv[1] = script;
+                                               argv[2] = NULL;
                                                break;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
-#endif
-                       *script = '/';
-                       /* set argv[0] to name without path */
-                       argv[0] = (char*)bb_basename(purl);
-                       argv[1] = NULL;
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
-                       if (interpr)
-                               execv(interpr, argv);
-                       else
-#endif
-                               execv(fullpath, argv);
                }
+#endif
+               /* restore default signal dispositions for CGI process */
+               bb_signals(0
+                       | (1 << SIGCHLD)
+                       | (1 << SIGPIPE)
+                       | (1 << SIGHUP)
+                       , SIG_DFL);
+
+               /* _NOT_ execvp. We do not search PATH. argv[0] is a filename
+                * without any dir components and will only match a file
+                * in the current directory */
+               execv(argv[0], argv);
+               if (verbose)
+                       bb_perror_msg("exec %s", argv[0]);
  error_execing_cgi:
                /* send to stdout
                 * (we are CGI here, our stdout is pumped to the net) */
@@ -1465,10 +1485,10 @@ static void send_cgi_and_exit(
  * Send a file response to a HTTP request, and exit
  *
  * Parameters:
- * const char *url    The requested URL (with leading /).
- * headers            Don't send headers before if FALSE.
+ * const char *url  The requested URL (with leading /).
+ * what             What to send (headers/body/both).
  */
-static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int headers)
+static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int what)
 {
        static const char *const suffixTable[] = {
        /* Warning: shorter equivalent suffix in one line must be first */
@@ -1501,6 +1521,10 @@ static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int headers)
        off_t offset;
 #endif
 
+       /* If you want to know about EPIPE below
+        * (happens if you abort downloads from local httpd): */
+       signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
        suffix = strrchr(url, '.');
 
        /* If not found, set default as "application/octet-stream";  */
@@ -1537,11 +1561,15 @@ static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int headers)
        if (f < 0) {
                if (DEBUG)
                        bb_perror_msg("cannot open '%s'", url);
-               if (headers)
+               /* Error pages are sent by using send_file_and_exit(SEND_BODY).
+                * IOW: it is unsafe to call send_headers_and_exit
+                * if what is SEND_BODY! Can recurse! */
+               if (what != SEND_BODY)
                        send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+               log_and_exit();
        }
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES
-       if (!headers)
+       if (what == SEND_BODY)
                range_start = 0; /* err pages and ranges don't mix */
        range_len = MAXINT(off_t);
        if (range_start) {
@@ -1556,18 +1584,14 @@ static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int headers)
                } else {
                        range_len = range_end - range_start + 1;
                        send_headers(HTTP_PARTIAL_CONTENT);
-                       headers = 0;
+                       what = SEND_BODY;
                }
        }
 #endif
 
-       if (headers)
+       if (what & SEND_HEADERS)
                send_headers(HTTP_OK);
 
-       /* If you want to know about EPIPE below
-        * (happens if you abort downloads from local httpd): */
-       signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_USE_SENDFILE
        offset = range_start;
        do {
@@ -1589,7 +1613,7 @@ static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int headers)
        while ((count = safe_read(f, iobuf, IOBUF_SIZE)) > 0) {
                ssize_t n;
                USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(if (count > range_len) count = range_len;)
-               n = full_write(1, iobuf, count);
+               n = full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, iobuf, count);
                if (count != n)
                        break;
                USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(range_len -= count;)
@@ -1608,7 +1632,6 @@ static int checkPermIP(void)
 {
        Htaccess_IP *cur;
 
-       /* This could stand some work */
        for (cur = ip_a_d; cur; cur = cur->next) {
 #if DEBUG
                fprintf(stderr,
@@ -1625,91 +1648,92 @@ static int checkPermIP(void)
                );
 #endif
                if ((rmt_ip & cur->mask) == cur->ip)
-                       return cur->allow_deny == 'A';   /* Allow/Deny */
+                       return (cur->allow_deny == 'A'); /* A -> 1 */
        }
 
-       /* if unconfigured, return 1 - access from all */
-       return !flg_deny_all;
+       return !flg_deny_all; /* depends on whether we saw "D:*" */
 }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
 /*
- * Check the permission file for access password protected.
- *
- * If config file isn't present, everything is allowed.
- * Entries are of the form you can see example from header source
+ * Config file entries are of the form "/<path>:<user>:<passwd>".
+ * If config file has no prefix match for path, access is allowed.
  *
- * path      The file path.
- * request   User information to validate.
+ * path                 The file path
+ * user_and_passwd      "user:passwd" to validate
  *
- * Returns 1 if request is OK.
+ * Returns 1 if user_and_passwd is OK.
  */
-static int checkPerm(const char *path, const char *request)
+static int check_user_passwd(const char *path, const char *user_and_passwd)
 {
        Htaccess *cur;
-       const char *p;
-       const char *p0;
-
        const char *prev = NULL;
 
-       /* This could stand some work */
        for (cur = g_auth; cur; cur = cur->next) {
-               size_t l;
+               const char *dir_prefix;
+               size_t len;
+
+               dir_prefix = cur->before_colon;
+
+               /* WHY? */
+               /* If already saw a match, don't accept other different matches */
+               if (prev && strcmp(prev, dir_prefix) != 0)
+                       continue;
 
-               p0 = cur->before_colon;
-               if (prev != NULL && strcmp(prev, p0) != 0)
-                       continue;       /* find next identical */
-               p = cur->after_colon;
                if (DEBUG)
-                       fprintf(stderr, "checkPerm: '%s' ? '%s'\n", p0, request);
+                       fprintf(stderr, "checkPerm: '%s' ? '%s'\n", dir_prefix, user_and_passwd);
 
-               l = strlen(p0);
-               if (strncmp(p0, path, l) == 0
-                && (l == 1 || path[l] == '/' || path[l] == '\0')
+               /* If it's not a prefix match, continue searching */
+               len = strlen(dir_prefix);
+               if (len != 1 /* dir_prefix "/" matches all, don't need to check */
+                && (strncmp(dir_prefix, path, len) != 0
+                   || (path[len] != '/' && path[len] != '\0'))
                ) {
-                       char *u;
-                       /* path match found.  Check request */
-                       /* for check next /path:user:password */
-                       prev = p0;
-                       u = strchr(request, ':');
-                       if (u == NULL) {
-                               /* bad request, ':' required */
-                               break;
-                       }
+                       continue;
+               }
 
-                       if (ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5) {
-                               char *cipher;
-                               char *pp;
+               /* Path match found */
+               prev = dir_prefix;
 
-                               if (strncmp(p, request, u - request) != 0) {
-                                       /* user doesn't match */
-                                       continue;
-                               }
-                               pp = strchr(p, ':');
-                               if (pp && pp[1] == '$' && pp[2] == '1'
-                                && pp[3] == '$' && pp[4]
-                               ) {
-                                       pp++;
-                                       cipher = pw_encrypt(u+1, pp);
-                                       if (strcmp(cipher, pp) == 0)
-                                               goto set_remoteuser_var;   /* Ok */
-                                       /* unauthorized */
+               if (ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5) {
+                       char *md5_passwd;
+
+                       md5_passwd = strchr(cur->after_colon, ':');
+                       if (md5_passwd && md5_passwd[1] == '$' && md5_passwd[2] == '1'
+                        && md5_passwd[3] == '$' && md5_passwd[4]
+                       ) {
+                               char *encrypted;
+                               int r, user_len_p1;
+
+                               md5_passwd++;
+                               user_len_p1 = md5_passwd - cur->after_colon;
+                               /* comparing "user:" */
+                               if (strncmp(cur->after_colon, user_and_passwd, user_len_p1) != 0) {
                                        continue;
                                }
+
+                               encrypted = pw_encrypt(
+                                       user_and_passwd + user_len_p1 /* cleartext pwd from user */,
+                                       md5_passwd /*salt */, 1 /* cleanup */);
+                               r = strcmp(encrypted, md5_passwd);
+                               free(encrypted);
+                               if (r == 0)
+                                       goto set_remoteuser_var; /* Ok */
+                               continue;
                        }
+               }
 
-                       if (strcmp(p, request) == 0) {
+               /* Comparing plaintext "user:pass" in one go */
+               if (strcmp(cur->after_colon, user_and_passwd) == 0) {
  set_remoteuser_var:
-                               remoteuser = strdup(request);
-                               if (remoteuser)
-                                       remoteuser[u - request] = '\0';
-                               return 1;   /* Ok */
-                       }
-                       /* unauthorized */
+                       remoteuser = xstrndup(user_and_passwd,
+                                       strchrnul(user_and_passwd, ':') - user_and_passwd);
+                       return 1; /* Ok */
                }
        } /* for */
 
-       return prev == NULL;
+       /* 0(bad) if prev is set: matches were found but passwd was wrong */
+       return (prev == NULL);
 }
 #endif  /* FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH */
 
@@ -1729,7 +1753,7 @@ static Htaccess_Proxy *find_proxy_entry(const char *url)
  * Handle timeouts
  */
 static void exit_on_signal(int sig) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
-static void exit_on_signal(int sig)
+static void exit_on_signal(int sig ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
 {
        send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT);
 }
@@ -1741,13 +1765,12 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr) ATTRIBUTE
 static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
 {
        static const char request_GET[] ALIGN1 = "GET";
-
        struct stat sb;
        char *urlcopy;
        char *urlp;
        char *tptr;
-       int ip_allowed;
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI
+       static const char request_HEAD[] ALIGN1 = "HEAD";
        const char *prequest;
        char *cookie = NULL;
        char *content_type = NULL;
@@ -1756,6 +1779,10 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
 #define prequest request_GET
        unsigned long length = 0;
 #endif
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
+       smallint authorized = -1;
+#endif
+       smallint ip_allowed;
        char http_major_version;
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY
        char http_minor_version;
@@ -1763,42 +1790,36 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
        char *header_ptr = header_ptr;
        Htaccess_Proxy *proxy_entry;
 #endif
-       struct sigaction sa;
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-       int credentials = -1;  /* if not required this is Ok */
-#endif
 
        /* Allocation of iobuf is postponed until now
         * (IOW, server process doesn't need to waste 8k) */
        iobuf = xmalloc(IOBUF_SIZE);
 
        rmt_ip = 0;
-       if (fromAddr->sa.sa_family == AF_INET) {
-               rmt_ip = ntohl(fromAddr->sin.sin_addr.s_addr);
+       if (fromAddr->u.sa.sa_family == AF_INET) {
+               rmt_ip = ntohl(fromAddr->u.sin.sin_addr.s_addr);
        }
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
-       if (fromAddr->sa.sa_family == AF_INET6
-        && fromAddr->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] == 0
-        && fromAddr->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] == 0
-        && ntohl(fromAddr->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]) == 0xffff)
-               rmt_ip = ntohl(fromAddr->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]);
+       if (fromAddr->u.sa.sa_family == AF_INET6
+        && fromAddr->u.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] == 0
+        && fromAddr->u.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] == 0
+        && ntohl(fromAddr->u.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]) == 0xffff)
+               rmt_ip = ntohl(fromAddr->u.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]);
 #endif
        if (ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI || DEBUG || verbose) {
-               rmt_ip_str = xmalloc_sockaddr2dotted(&fromAddr->sa);
+               /* NB: can be NULL (user runs httpd -i by hand?) */
+               rmt_ip_str = xmalloc_sockaddr2dotted(&fromAddr->u.sa);
        }
        if (verbose) {
                /* this trick makes -v logging much simpler */
-               applet_name = rmt_ip_str;
+               if (rmt_ip_str)
+                       applet_name = rmt_ip_str;
                if (verbose > 2)
                        bb_error_msg("connected");
        }
 
        /* Install timeout handler */
-       memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
-       sa.sa_handler = exit_on_signal;
-       /* sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); - memset should be enough */
-       /*sa.sa_flags = 0; - no SA_RESTART */
-       sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
+       signal_no_SA_RESTART_empty_mask(SIGALRM, exit_on_signal);
        alarm(HEADER_READ_TIMEOUT);
 
        if (!get_line()) /* EOF or error or empty line */
@@ -1812,9 +1833,12 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI
        prequest = request_GET;
        if (strcasecmp(iobuf, prequest) != 0) {
-               prequest = "POST";
-               if (strcasecmp(iobuf, prequest) != 0)
-                       send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
+               prequest = request_HEAD;
+               if (strcasecmp(iobuf, prequest) != 0) {
+                       prequest = "POST";
+                       if (strcasecmp(iobuf, prequest) != 0)
+                               send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
+               }
        }
 #else
        if (strcasecmp(iobuf, request_GET) != 0)
@@ -1836,7 +1860,7 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
        *tptr = '\0';
 
        /* Copy URL from after "GET "/"POST " to stack-allocated char[] */
-       urlcopy = alloca((tptr - urlp) + sizeof("/index.html"));
+       urlcopy = alloca((tptr - urlp) + 2 + strlen(index_page));
        /*if (urlcopy == NULL)
         *      send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);*/
        strcpy(urlcopy, urlp);
@@ -1861,7 +1885,7 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
 
        /* Canonicalize path */
        /* Algorithm stolen from libbb bb_simplify_path(),
-        * but don't strdup and reducing trailing slash and protect out root */
+        * but don't strdup, retain trailing slash, protect root */
        urlp = tptr = urlcopy;
        do {
                if (*urlp == '/') {
@@ -1870,11 +1894,11 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (*tptr == '.') {
-                               /* skip extra '.' */
+                               /* skip extra "/./" */
                                if (tptr[1] == '/' || !tptr[1]) {
                                        continue;
                                }
-                               /* '..': be careful */
+                               /* "..": be careful */
                                if (tptr[1] == '.' && (tptr[2] == '/' || !tptr[2])) {
                                        ++tptr;
                                        if (urlp == urlcopy) /* protect root */
@@ -1886,11 +1910,10 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                }
                *++urlp = *tptr;
        } while (*++tptr);
-       *++urlp = '\0';       /* so keep last character */
-       tptr = urlp;          /* end ptr */
+       *++urlp = '\0';       /* terminate after last character */
 
        /* If URL is a directory, add '/' */
-       if (tptr[-1] != '/') {
+       if (urlp[-1] != '/') {
                if (is_directory(urlcopy + 1, 1, &sb)) {
                        found_moved_temporarily = urlcopy;
                }
@@ -1906,7 +1929,7 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                /* have path1/path2 */
                *tptr = '\0';
                if (is_directory(urlcopy + 1, 1, &sb)) {
-                       /* may be having subdir config */
+                       /* may have subdir config */
                        parse_conf(urlcopy + 1, SUBDIR_PARSE);
                        ip_allowed = checkPermIP();
                }
@@ -1949,37 +1972,38 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                        /* Try and do our best to parse more lines */
                        if ((STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Content-length:") == 0)) {
                                /* extra read only for POST */
-                               if (prequest != request_GET) {
-                                       tptr = iobuf + sizeof("Content-length:") - 1;
+                               if (prequest != request_GET
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI
+                                && prequest != request_HEAD
+#endif
+                               ) {
+                                       tptr = skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Content-length:") - 1);
                                        if (!tptr[0])
                                                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
-                                       errno = 0;
                                        /* not using strtoul: it ignores leading minus! */
-                                       length = strtol(tptr, &tptr, 10);
+                                       length = bb_strtou(tptr, NULL, 10);
                                        /* length is "ulong", but we need to pass it to int later */
-                                       /* so we check for negative or too large values in one go: */
-                                       /* (long -> ulong conv caused negatives to be seen as > INT_MAX) */
-                                       if (tptr[0] || errno || length > INT_MAX)
+                                       if (errno || length > INT_MAX)
                                                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
                                }
                        }
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI
                        else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Cookie:") == 0) {
-                               cookie = strdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Cookie:")-1));
+                               cookie = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Cookie:")-1));
                        } else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Content-Type:") == 0) {
-                               content_type = strdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Content-Type:")-1));
+                               content_type = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Content-Type:")-1));
                        } else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Referer:") == 0) {
-                               referer = strdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Referer:")-1));
+                               referer = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Referer:")-1));
                        } else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "User-Agent:") == 0) {
-                               user_agent = strdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("User-Agent:")-1));
+                               user_agent = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("User-Agent:")-1));
                        }
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
                        if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Authorization:") == 0) {
                                /* We only allow Basic credentials.
-                                * It shows up as "Authorization: Basic <userid:password>" where
-                                * the userid:password is base64 encoded.
+                                * It shows up as "Authorization: Basic <user>:<passwd>" where
+                                * "<user>:<passwd>" is base64 encoded.
                                 */
                                tptr = skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Authorization:")-1);
                                if (STRNCASECMP(tptr, "Basic") != 0)
@@ -1987,9 +2011,9 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                                tptr += sizeof("Basic")-1;
                                /* decodeBase64() skips whitespace itself */
                                decodeBase64(tptr);
-                               credentials = checkPerm(urlcopy, tptr);
+                               authorized = check_user_passwd(urlcopy, tptr);
                        }
-#endif          /* FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH */
+#endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES
                        if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Range:") == 0) {
                                /* We know only bytes=NNN-[MMM] */
@@ -2013,15 +2037,18 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
        /* We are done reading headers, disable peer timeout */
        alarm(0);
 
-       if (strcmp(bb_basename(urlcopy), httpd_conf) == 0 || ip_allowed == 0) {
+       if (strcmp(bb_basename(urlcopy), httpd_conf) == 0 || !ip_allowed) {
                /* protect listing [/path]/httpd_conf or IP deny */
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
        }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-       if (credentials <= 0 && checkPerm(urlcopy, ":") == 0) {
+       /* Case: no "Authorization:" was seen, but page does require passwd.
+        * Check that with dummy user:pass */
+       if (authorized < 0)
+               authorized = check_user_passwd(urlcopy, ":");
+       if (!authorized)
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
-       }
 #endif
 
        if (found_moved_temporarily) {
@@ -2039,7 +2066,7 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                lsa = host2sockaddr(proxy_entry->host_port, 80);
                if (lsa == NULL)
                        send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
-               if (connect(proxy_fd, &lsa->sa, lsa->len) < 0)
+               if (connect(proxy_fd, &lsa->u.sa, lsa->len) < 0)
                        send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
                fdprintf(proxy_fd, "%s %s%s%s%s HTTP/%c.%c\r\n",
                                prequest, /* GET or POST */
@@ -2081,13 +2108,13 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                }
        }
 #endif
-       if (prequest != request_GET) {
+       if (prequest != request_GET && prequest != request_HEAD) {
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
        }
 #endif  /* FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI */
 
        if (urlp[-1] == '/')
-               strcpy(urlp, "index.html");
+               strcpy(urlp, index_page);
        if (stat(tptr, &sb) == 0) {
                file_size = sb.st_size;
                last_mod = sb.st_mtime;
@@ -2108,7 +2135,13 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
         * }
         */
 
-       send_file_and_exit(tptr, TRUE);
+       send_file_and_exit(tptr,
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI
+               (prequest != request_HEAD ? SEND_HEADERS_AND_BODY : SEND_HEADERS)
+#else
+               SEND_HEADERS_AND_BODY
+#endif
+       );
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2132,7 +2165,7 @@ static void mini_httpd(int server_socket)
 
                /* Wait for connections... */
                fromAddr.len = LSA_SIZEOF_SA;
-               n = accept(server_socket, &fromAddr.sa, &fromAddr.len);
+               n = accept(server_socket, &fromAddr.u.sa, &fromAddr.len);
 
                if (n < 0)
                        continue;
@@ -2177,7 +2210,7 @@ static void mini_httpd_nommu(int server_socket, int argc, char **argv)
 
                /* Wait for connections... */
                fromAddr.len = LSA_SIZEOF_SA;
-               n = accept(server_socket, &fromAddr.sa, &fromAddr.len);
+               n = accept(server_socket, &fromAddr.u.sa, &fromAddr.len);
 
                if (n < 0)
                        continue;
@@ -2213,23 +2246,19 @@ static void mini_httpd_inetd(void)
 {
        len_and_sockaddr fromAddr;
 
+       memset(&fromAddr, 0, sizeof(fromAddr));
        fromAddr.len = LSA_SIZEOF_SA;
-       getpeername(0, &fromAddr.sa, &fromAddr.len);
+       /* NB: can fail if user runs it by hand and types in http cmds */
+       getpeername(0, &fromAddr.u.sa, &fromAddr.len);
        handle_incoming_and_exit(&fromAddr);
 }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RELOAD_CONFIG_SIGHUP
 static void sighup_handler(int sig)
 {
-       struct sigaction sa;
-
        parse_conf(default_path_httpd_conf, sig == SIGHUP ? SIGNALED_PARSE : FIRST_PARSE);
 
-       memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
-       sa.sa_handler = sighup_handler;
-       /*sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); - memset should be enough */
-       sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
-       sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
+       signal_SA_RESTART_empty_mask(SIGHUP, sighup_handler);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -2260,7 +2289,7 @@ enum {
 
 
 int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
-int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
+int httpd_main(int argc ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, char **argv)
 {
        int server_socket = server_socket; /* for gcc */
        unsigned opt;
@@ -2281,8 +2310,8 @@ int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
        /* -v counts, -i implies -f */
        opt_complementary = "vv:if";
        /* We do not "absolutize" path given by -h (home) opt.
-        * If user gives relative path in -h, $SCRIPT_FILENAME can end up
-        * relative too. */
+        * If user gives relative path in -h,
+        * $SCRIPT_FILENAME will not be set. */
        opt = getopt32(argv, "c:d:h:"
                        USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR("e:")
                        USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH("r:")
@@ -2309,14 +2338,14 @@ int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5
        if (opt & OPT_MD5) {
-               puts(pw_encrypt(pass, "$1$"));
+               puts(pw_encrypt(pass, "$1$", 1));
                return 0;
        }
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID
        if (opt & OPT_SETUID) {
                if (!get_uidgid(&ugid, s_ugid, 1))
-                       bb_error_msg_and_die("unrecognized user[:group] "
+                       bb_error_msg_and_die("unknown user[:group] "
                                                "name '%s'", s_ugid);
        }
 #endif
@@ -2353,7 +2382,7 @@ int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
         * Besides, it is also smaller. */
        {
                char *p = getenv("PATH");
-               /* env strings themself are not freed, no need to strdup(p): */
+               /* env strings themself are not freed, no need to xstrdup(p): */
                clearenv();
                if (p)
                        putenv(p - 5);
@@ -2365,9 +2394,8 @@ int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RELOAD_CONFIG_SIGHUP
        if (!(opt & OPT_INETD))
                sighup_handler(0);
-       else /* do not install HUP handler in inetd mode */
 #endif
-               parse_conf(default_path_httpd_conf, FIRST_PARSE);
+       parse_conf(default_path_httpd_conf, FIRST_PARSE);
 
        xfunc_error_retval = 0;
        if (opt & OPT_INETD)