* More information at <http://www.minetest.net/>
* Developer Wiki: <http://dev.minetest.net/>
-
Introduction
-============
+------------
Content and functionality can be added to Minetest using Lua scripting
in run-time loaded mods.
Aliases
=======
-Aliases can be added by using `minetest.register_alias(name, convert_to)` or
-`minetest.register_alias_force(name, convert_to)`.
+Aliases of itemnames can be added by using
+`minetest.register_alias(alias, original_name)` or
+`minetest.register_alias_force(alias, original_name)`.
-This converts anything called `name` to `convert_to`.
+This adds an alias `alias` for the item called `original_name`.
+From now on, you can use `alias` to refer to the item `original_name`.
The only difference between `minetest.register_alias` and
-`minetest.register_alias_force` is that if an item called `name` exists,
+`minetest.register_alias_force` is that if an item named `alias` already exists,
`minetest.register_alias` will do nothing while
`minetest.register_alias_force` will unregister it.
}
Looped sounds must either be connected to an object or played locationless to
-one player using `to_player = name,`
+one player using `to_player = name,`.
+
+A positional sound will only be heard by players that are within
+`max_hear_distance` of the sound position, at the start of the sound.
`SimpleSoundSpec`
-----------------
+Map terminology and coordinates
+===============================
+
+Nodes, mapblocks, mapchunks
+---------------------------
+
+A 'node' is the fundamental cubic unit of a world and appears to a player as
+roughly 1x1x1 meters in size.
+
+A 'mapblock' (often abbreviated to 'block') is 16x16x16 nodes and is the
+fundamental region of a world that is stored in the world database, sent to
+clients and handled by many parts of the engine.
+'mapblock' is preferred terminology to 'block' to help avoid confusion with
+'node', however 'block' often appears in the API.
+
+A 'mapchunk' (sometimes abbreviated to 'chunk') is usually 5x5x5 mapblocks
+(80x80x80 nodes) and is the volume of world generated in one operation by
+the map generator.
+The size in mapblocks has been chosen to optimise map generation.
+
+Coordinates
+-----------
+
+### Orientation of axes
+
+For node and mapblock coordinates, +X is East, +Y is up, +Z is North.
+
+### Node coordinates
+
+Almost all positions used in the API use node coordinates.
+
+### Mapblock coordinates
+
+Occasionally the API uses 'blockpos' which refers to mapblock coordinates that
+specify a particular mapblock.
+For example blockpos (0,0,0) specifies the mapblock that extends from
+node position (0,0,0) to node position (15,15,15).
+
+#### Converting node position to the containing blockpos
+
+To calculate the blockpos of the mapblock that contains the node at 'nodepos',
+for each axis:
+
+* blockpos = math.floor(nodepos / 16)
+
+#### Converting blockpos to min/max node positions
+
+To calculate the min/max node positions contained in the mapblock at 'blockpos',
+for each axis:
+
+* Minimum:
+ nodepos = blockpos * 16
+* Maximum:
+ nodepos = blockpos * 16 + 15
+
+
+
+
HUD
===
`0` draws from left to right, `1` draws from right to left, `2` draws from
top to bottom, and `3` draws from bottom to top.
-The `alignment` field specifies how the item will be aligned. It ranges from
-`-1` to `1`, with `0` being the center. `-1` is moved to the left/up, and `1`
-is to the right/down. Fractional values can be used.
+The `alignment` field specifies how the item will be aligned. It is a table
+where `x` and `y` range from `-1` to `1`, with `0` being central. `-1` is
+moved to the left/up, and `1` is to the right/down. Fractional values can be
+used.
The `offset` field specifies a pixel offset from the position. Contrary to
position, the offset is not scaled to screen size. This allows for some
* `fall_damage_add_percent`: damage speed = `speed * (1 + value/100)`
* `bouncy`: value is bounce speed in percent
* `falling_node`: if there is no walkable block under the node it will fall
+* `float`: the node will not fall through liquids
* `attached_node`: if the node under it is not a walkable block the node will be
dropped as an item. If the node is wallmounted the wallmounted direction is
checked.
Formspec
========
-Formspec defines a menu. Currently not much else than inventories are
-supported. It is a string, with a somewhat strange format.
+Formspec defines a menu. This supports inventories and some of the
+typical widgets like buttons, checkboxes, text input fields, etc.
+It is a string, with a somewhat strange format.
+
+A formspec is made out of formspec elements, which includes widgets
+like buttons but also can be used to set stuff like background color.
+
+Many formspec elements have a `name`, which is a unique identifier which
+is used when the server receives user input. You must not use the name
+"quit" for formspec elements.
Spaces and newlines can be inserted between the blocks, as is used in the
examples.
Spatial Vectors
===============
+A spatial vector is similar to a position, but instead using
+absolute world coordinates, it uses *relative* coordinates, relative to
+no particular point.
+
+Internally, it is implemented as a table with the 3 fields
+`x`, `y` and `z`. Example: `{x = 0, y = 1, z = 0}`.
For the following functions, `v`, `v1`, `v2` are vectors,
`p1`, `p2` are positions:
* Returns a boolean, `true` if the vectors are identical.
* `vector.sort(v1, v2)`:
* Returns in order minp, maxp vectors of the cuboid defined by `v1`, `v2`.
+* `vector.angle(v1, v2)`:
+ * Returns the angle between `v1` and `v2` in radians.
For the following functions `x` can be either a vector or a number:
* `vector.add(v, x)`:
* Returns a vector.
+ * If `x` is a vector: Returns the sum of `v` and `x`.
+ * If `x` is a number: Adds `x` to each component of `v`.
* `vector.subtract(v, x)`:
* Returns a vector.
+ * If `x` is a vector: Returns the difference of `v` subtracted by `x`.
+ * If `x` is a number: Subtracts `x` from each component of `v`.
* `vector.multiply(v, x)`:
* Returns a scaled vector or Schur product.
* `vector.divide(v, x)`:
* tolerance: number, default: `0.0`
* If the absolute value of `x` is within the `tolerance` or `x` is NaN,
`0` is returned.
+* `math.factorial(x)`: returns the factorial of `x`
* `string.split(str, separator, include_empty, max_splits, sep_is_pattern)`
* `separator`: string, default: `","`
* `include_empty`: boolean, default: `false`
* returns time with microsecond precision. May not return wall time.
* `table.copy(table)`: returns a table
* returns a deep copy of `table`
+* `table.indexof(list, val)`: returns the smallest numerical index containing
+ the value `val` in the table `list`. Non-numerical indices are ignored.
+ If `val` could not be found, `-1` is returned. `list` must not have
+ negative indices.
* `table.insert_all(table, other_table)`:
* Appends all values in `other_table` to `table` - uses `#table + 1` to
find new indices.
* `minetest.pointed_thing_to_face_pos(placer, pointed_thing)`: returns a
position.
* returns the exact position on the surface of a pointed node
+* `minetest.get_dig_params(groups, tool_capabilities)`: Simulates a tool
+ that digs a node.
+ Returns a table with the following fields:
+ * `diggable`: `true` if node can be dug, `false` otherwise.
+ * `time`: Time it would take to dig the node.
+ * `wear`: How much wear would be added to the tool.
+ `time` and `wear` are meaningless if node's not diggable
+ Parameters:
+ * `groups`: Table of the node groups of the node that would be dug
+ * `tool_capabilities`: Tool capabilities table of the tool
+* `minetest.get_hit_params(groups, tool_capabilities [, time_from_last_punch])`:
+ Simulates an item that punches an object.
+ Returns a table with the following fields:
+ * `hp`: How much damage the punch would cause.
+ * `wear`: How much wear would be added to the tool.
+ Parameters:
+ * `groups`: Damage groups of the object
+ * `tool_capabilities`: Tool capabilities table of the item
+ * `time_from_last_punch`: time in seconds since last punch action
* To be used only by a `VoxelManip` object from
`minetest.get_mapgen_object`.
* (`p1`, `p2`) is the area in which lighting is set, defaults to the whole
- area if left out or nil.
+ area if left out or nil. For almost all uses these should be left out
+ or nil to use the default.
* `propagate_shadow` is an optional boolean deciding whether shadows in a
generated mapchunk above are propagated down into the mapchunk, defaults
to `true` if left out.
* `minetest.features`: Table containing API feature flags
{
- glasslike_framed = true,
- nodebox_as_selectionbox = true,
- chat_send_player_param3 = true,
- get_all_craft_recipes_works = true,
+ glasslike_framed = true, -- 0.4.7
+ nodebox_as_selectionbox = true, -- 0.4.7
+ get_all_craft_recipes_works = true, -- 0.4.7
-- The transparency channel of textures can optionally be used on
- -- nodes
+ -- nodes (0.4.7)
use_texture_alpha = true,
- -- Tree and grass ABMs are no longer done from C++
+ -- Tree and grass ABMs are no longer done from C++ (0.4.8)
no_legacy_abms = true,
- -- Texture grouping is possible using parentheses
+ -- Texture grouping is possible using parentheses (0.4.11)
texture_names_parens = true,
- -- Unique Area ID for AreaStore:insert_area
+ -- Unique Area ID for AreaStore:insert_area (0.4.14)
area_store_custom_ids = true,
-- add_entity supports passing initial staticdata to on_activate
+ -- (0.4.16)
add_entity_with_staticdata = true,
- -- Chat messages are no longer predicted
+ -- Chat messages are no longer predicted (0.4.16)
no_chat_message_prediction = true,
-- The transparency channel of textures can optionally be used on
- -- objects (ie: players and lua entities)
+ -- objects (ie: players and lua entities) (5.0.0)
object_use_texture_alpha = true,
-- Object selectionbox is settable independently from collisionbox
+ -- (5.0.0)
object_independent_selectionbox = true,
+ -- Specifies whether binary data can be uploaded or downloaded using
+ -- the HTTP API (5.1.0)
+ httpfetch_binary_data = true,
}
* `minetest.has_feature(arg)`: returns `boolean, missing_features`
* `minetest.register_entity(name, entity definition)`
* `minetest.register_abm(abm definition)`
* `minetest.register_lbm(lbm definition)`
-* `minetest.register_alias(name, convert_to)`
+* `minetest.register_alias(alias, original_name)`
* Also use this to set the 'mapgen aliases' needed in a game for the core
mapgens. See [Mapgen aliases] section above.
-* `minetest.register_alias_force(name, convert_to)`
+* `minetest.register_alias_force(alias, original_name)`
* `minetest.register_ore(ore definition)`
* Returns an integer uniquely identifying the registered ore on success.
+ * The order of ore registrations determines the order of ore generation.
* `minetest.register_biome(biome definition)`
* Returns an integer uniquely identifying the registered biome on success.
* `minetest.unregister_biome(name)`
* `minetest.register_decoration(decoration definition)`
* Returns an integer uniquely identifying the registered decoration on
success.
+ * The order of decoration registrations determines the order of decoration
+ generation.
* `minetest.register_schematic(schematic definition)`
* Returns an integer uniquely identifying the registered schematic on
success.
* Called after a new player has been created
* `minetest.register_on_punchplayer(function(player, hitter, time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, dir, damage))`
* Called when a player is punched
+ * Note: This callback is invoked even if the punched player is dead.
* `player`: ObjectRef - Player that was punched
* `hitter`: ObjectRef - Player that hit
* `time_from_last_punch`: Meant for disallowing spamming of clicks
giving a type - use this for custom damage types.
* `punch`: Was punched. `reason.object` will hold the puncher, or nil if none.
* `fall`
- * `node_damage`: damage_per_second from a neighbouring node.
+ * `node_damage`: `damage_per_second` from a neighbouring node.
+ `reason.node` will hold the node name or nil.
* `drown`
* `respawn`
* Any of the above types may have additional fields from mods.
* `reason.from` will be `mod` or `engine`.
* `modifier`: when true, the function should return the actual `hp_change`.
- Note: modifiers only get a temporary hp_change that can be modified by later modifiers.
- modifiers can return true as a second argument to stop the execution of further functions.
- Non-modifiers receive the final hp change calculated by the modifiers.
+ Note: modifiers only get a temporary `hp_change` that can be modified by later modifiers.
+ Modifiers can return true as a second argument to stop the execution of further functions.
+ Non-modifiers receive the final HP change calculated by the modifiers.
* `minetest.register_on_dieplayer(function(ObjectRef, reason))`
* Called when a player dies
* `reason`: a PlayerHPChangeReason table, see register_on_player_hpchange
* Return `true` to mark the message as handled, which means that it will
not be sent to other players.
* `minetest.register_on_player_receive_fields(function(player, formname, fields))`
- * Called when a button is pressed in player's inventory form, when form
- values are submitted or when the form is actively closed by the player.
- * Fields are sent for formspec elements which define a field, and the "quit"
- field is sent when actively closing the form by mouse click, keypress or
- through a button_exit[] element.
+ * Called when the server received input from `player` in a formspec with
+ the given `formname`. Specifically, this is called on any of the
+ following events:
+ * a button was pressed,
+ * Enter was pressed while the focus was on a text field
+ * a checkbox was toggled,
+ * something was selecteed in a drop-down list,
+ * a different tab was selected,
+ * selection was changed in a textlist or table,
+ * an entry was double-clicked in a textlist or table,
+ * a scrollbar was moved, or
+ * the form was actively closed by the player.
+ * Fields are sent for formspec elements which define a field. `fields`
+ is a table containing each formspecs element value (as string), with
+ the `name` parameter as index for each. The value depends on the
+ formspec element type:
+ * `button` and variants: If pressed, contains the user-facing button
+ text as value. If not pressed, is `nil`
+ * `field`, `textarea` and variants: Text in the field
+ * `dropdown`: Text of selected item
+ * `tabheader`: Tab index, starting with `"1"` (only if tab changed)
+ * `checkbox`: `"true"` if checked, `"false"` if unchecked
+ * `textlist`: See `minetest.explode_textlist_event`
+ * `table`: See `minetest.explode_table_event`
+ * `scrollbar`: See `minetest.explode_scrollbar_event`
+ * Special case: `["quit"]="true"` is sent when the user actively
+ closed the form by mouse click, keypress or through a button_exit[]
+ element.
+ * Special case: `["key_enter"]="true"` is sent when the user pressed
+ the Enter key and the focus was either nowhere (causing the formspec
+ to be closed) or on a button. If the focus was on a text field,
+ additionally, the index `key_enter_field` contains the name of the
+ text field. See also: `field_close_on_enter`.
* Newest functions are called first
* If function returns `true`, remaining functions are not called
* `minetest.register_on_craft(function(itemstack, player, old_craft_grid, craft_inv))`
* Return value: Table with all node positions with a node air above
* Area volume is limited to 4,096,000 nodes
* `minetest.get_perlin(noiseparams)`
-* `minetest.get_perlin(seeddiff, octaves, persistence, scale)`
+* `minetest.get_perlin(seeddiff, octaves, persistence, spread)`
* Return world-specific perlin noise (`int(worldseed)+seeddiff`)
* `minetest.get_voxel_manip([pos1, pos2])`
* Return voxel manipulator object.
* `acc` is a vector
* `get_acceleration()`: returns the acceleration, a vector
* `set_rotation(rot)`
- * `rot` is a vector (radians)
-* `get_rotation()` : returns the rotation, a vector (radians)
-* `set_yaw(radians)`
+ * `rot` is a vector (radians). X is pitch (elevation), Y is yaw (heading)
+ and Z is roll (bank).
+* `get_rotation()`: returns the rotation, a vector (radians)
+* `set_yaw(radians)`: sets the yaw (heading).
* `get_yaw()`: returns number in radians
* `set_texture_mod(mod)`
* `get_texture_mod()` returns current texture modifier
* in first person view
* in third person view (max. values `{x=-10/10,y=-10,15,z=-5/5}`)
* `get_eye_offset()`: returns `offset_first` and `offset_third`
+* `send_mapblock(blockpos)`:
+ * Sends a server-side loaded mapblock to the player.
+ * Returns `false` if failed.
+ * Resource intensive - use sparsely
+ * To get blockpos, integer divide pos by 16
`PcgRandom`
-----------
-------------
A perlin noise generator.
-It can be created via `PerlinNoise(seed, octaves, persistence, scale)`
+It can be created via `PerlinNoise(seed, octaves, persistence, spread)`
or `PerlinNoise(noiseparams)`.
-Alternatively with `minetest.get_perlin(seeddiff, octaves, persistence, scale)`
+Alternatively with `minetest.get_perlin(seeddiff, octaves, persistence, spread)`
or `minetest.get_perlin(noiseparams)`.
### Methods
textures = {},
-- Number of required textures depends on visual.
- -- "cube" uses 6 textures in the way a node does.
+ -- "cube" uses 6 textures just like a node, but all 6 must be defined.
-- "sprite" uses 1 texture.
-- "upright_sprite" uses 2 textures: {front, back}.
-- "wielditem" expects 'textures = {itemname}' (see 'visual' above).
automatic_face_movement_max_rotation_per_sec = -1,
-- Limit automatic rotation to this value in degrees per second.
- -- No limit if value < 0.
+ -- No limit if value <= 0.
backface_culling = true,
-- Set to false to disable backface_culling for model
place_param2 = nil, -- Force value for param2 when player places node
is_ground_content = true,
- -- If false, the cave generator will not carve through this node
+ -- If false, the cave generator and dungeon generator will not carve
+ -- through this node.
+ -- Specifically, this stops mod-added nodes being removed by caves and
+ -- dungeons when those generate in a neighbor mapchunk and extend out
+ -- beyond the edge of that mapchunk.
sunlight_propagates = false,
-- If true, sunlight will go infinitely through this node
legacy_wallmounted = false,
waving = 0,
- -- Valid for mesh, nodebox, plantlike, allfaces_optional nodes.
- -- 1 - wave node like plants (top of node moves, bottom is fixed)
+ -- Valid for drawtypes:
+ -- mesh, nodebox, plantlike, allfaces_optional, liquid, flowingliquid.
+ -- 1 - wave node like plants (node top moves side-to-side, bottom is fixed)
-- 2 - wave node like leaves (whole node moves side-to-side)
- -- caveats: not all models will properly wave.
- -- plantlike drawtype nodes can only wave like plants.
- -- allfaces_optional drawtype nodes can only wave like leaves.
+ -- 3 - wave node like liquids (whole node moves up and down)
+ -- Not all models will properly wave.
+ -- plantlike drawtype can only wave like plants.
+ -- allfaces_optional drawtype can only wave like leaves.
+ -- liquid, flowingliquid drawtypes can only wave like liquids.
sounds = {
footstep = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
dug = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
place = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
place_failed = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
+ fall = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
},
drop = "",
- -- Name of dropped node when dug. Default is the node itself.
- -- Alternatively:
+ -- Name of dropped item when dug.
+ -- Default dropped item is the node itself.
+ -- Using a table allows multiple items, drop chances and tool filtering:
drop = {
- -- Maximum number of items to drop
max_items = 1,
- -- Choose max_items randomly from this list
+ -- Maximum number of item lists to drop.
+ -- The entries in 'items' are processed in order. For each:
+ -- Tool filtering is applied, chance of drop is applied, if both are
+ -- successful the entire item list is dropped.
+ -- Entry processing continues until the number of dropped item lists
+ -- equals 'max_items'.
+ -- Therefore, entries should progress from low to high drop chance.
items = {
+ -- Entry examples.
+ {
+ -- 1 in 1000 chance of dropping a diamond.
+ -- Default rarity is '1'.
+ rarity = 1000,
+ items = {"default:diamond"},
+ },
+ {
+ -- Only drop if using a tool whose name is identical to one
+ -- of these.
+ tools = {"default:shovel_mese", "default:shovel_diamond"},
+ rarity = 5,
+ items = {"default:dirt"},
+ -- Whether all items in the dropped item list inherit the
+ -- hardware coloring palette color from the dug node.
+ -- Default is 'false'.
+ inherit_color = true,
+ },
{
- items = {"foo:bar", "baz:frob"}, -- Items to drop
- rarity = 1, -- Probability of dropping is 1 / rarity
- inherit_color = true, -- Inherit palette color from the node
+ -- Only drop if using a tool whose name contains
+ -- "default:shovel_".
+ tools = {"~default:shovel_"},
+ rarity = 2,
+ -- The item list dropped.
+ items = {"default:sand", "default:desert_sand"},
},
},
},
on_receive_fields = function(pos, formname, fields, sender),
-- fields = {name1 = value1, name2 = value2, ...}
-- Called when an UI form (e.g. sign text input) returns data.
+ -- See minetest.register_on_player_receive_fields for more info.
-- default: nil
allow_metadata_inventory_move = function(pos, from_list, from_index, to_list, to_index, count, player),
depth_riverbed = 2,
-- Node placed under river water and thickness of this layer
- node_cave_liquid = "default:water_source",
- -- Nodes placed as a blob of liquid in 50% of large caves.
- -- If absent, cave liquids fall back to classic behaviour of lava or
- -- water distributed according to a hardcoded 3D noise.
+ node_cave_liquid = "default:lava_source",
+ node_cave_liquid = {"default:water_source", "default:lava_source"},
+ -- Nodes placed inside 50% of the medium size caves.
+ -- Multiple nodes can be specified, each cave will use a randomly
+ -- chosen node from the list.
+ -- If this field is left out or 'nil', cave liquids fall back to
+ -- classic behaviour of lava and water distributed using 3D noise.
+ -- For no cave liquid, specify "air".
node_dungeon = "default:cobble",
-- Node used for primary dungeon structure.
projects / oweals / minetest.git / blobdiff