B<openssl> B<ciphers>
[B<-v>]
+[B<-V>]
[B<-ssl2>]
[B<-ssl3>]
[B<-tls1>]
=head1 DESCRIPTION
-The B<cipherlist> command converts OpenSSL cipher lists into ordered
+The B<ciphers> command converts textual OpenSSL cipher lists into ordered
SSL cipher preference lists. It can be used as a test tool to determine
the appropriate cipherlist.
=item B<-v>
-verbose option. List ciphers with a complete decsription of the authentication,
-key exchange, encryption and mac algorithms used along with any key size
+Verbose option. List ciphers with a complete description of
+protocol version (SSLv2 or SSLv3; the latter includes TLS), key exchange,
+authentication, encryption and mac algorithms used along with any key size
restrictions and whether the algorithm is classed as an "export" cipher.
+Note that without the B<-v> option, ciphers may seem to appear twice
+in a cipher list; this is when similar ciphers are available for
+SSL v2 and for SSL v3/TLS v1.
+
+=item B<-V>
+
+Like B<-V>, but include cipher suite codes in output (hex format).
=item B<-ssl3>
=item B<DEFAULT>
-the default cipher list. This is determined at compile time and is normally
-B<TBA>. This must be the first cipher string specified.
+the default cipher list. This is determined at compile time and, as of OpenSSL
+1.0.0, is normally B<ALL:!aNULL:!eNULL>. This must be the first cipher string
+specified.
+
+=item B<COMPLEMENTOFDEFAULT>
+
+the ciphers included in B<ALL>, but not enabled by default. Currently
+this is B<ADH>. Note that this rule does not cover B<eNULL>, which is
+not included by B<ALL> (use B<COMPLEMENTOFALL> if necessary).
=item B<ALL>
-all ciphers suites except the B<eNULL> ciphers which must be explicitly enabled.
+all cipher suites except the B<eNULL> ciphers which must be explicitly enabled;
+as of OpenSSL, the B<ALL> cipher suites are reasonably ordered by default
+
+=item B<COMPLEMENTOFALL>
+
+the cipher suites not enabled by B<ALL>, currently being B<eNULL>.
=item B<HIGH>
"high" encryption cipher suites. This currently means those with key lengths larger
-than 128 bits.
+than 128 bits, and some cipher suites with 128-bit keys.
=item B<MEDIUM>
-"medium" encryption cipher suites, currently those using 128 bit encryption.
+"medium" encryption cipher suites, currently some of those using 128 bit encryption.
=item B<LOW>
=item B<EXPORT56>
-56 bit export encryption algorithms.
+56 bit export encryption algorithms. In OpenSSL 0.9.8c and later the set of
+56 bit export ciphers is empty unless OpenSSL has been explicitly configured
+with support for experimental ciphers.
=item B<eNULL>, B<NULL>
the cipher suites offering no authentication. This is currently the anonymous
DH algorithms. These cipher suites are vulnerable to a "man in the middle"
-attack and so there use is normally discouraged.
+attack and so their use is normally discouraged.
=item B<kRSA>, B<RSA>
=item B<ADH>
-anoymous DH cipher suites.
+anonymous DH cipher suites.
+
+=item B<AES>
+
+cipher suites using AES.
+
+=item B<CAMELLIA>
+
+cipher suites using Camellia.
=item B<3DES>
cipher suites using IDEA.
+=item B<SEED>
+
+cipher suites using SEED.
+
=item B<MD5>
cipher suites using MD5.
cipher suites using SHA1.
+=item B<aGOST>
+
+cipher suites using GOST R 34.10 (either 2001 or 94) for authenticaction
+(needs an engine supporting GOST algorithms).
+
+=item B<aGOST01>
+
+cipher suites using GOST R 34.10-2001 authentication.
+
+=item B<aGOST94>
+
+cipher suites using GOST R 34.10-94 authentication (note that R 34.10-94
+standard has been expired so use GOST R 34.10-2001)
+
+=item B<kGOST>
+
+cipher suites, using VKO 34.10 key exchange, specified in the RFC 4357.
+
+=item B<GOST94>
+
+cipher suites, using HMAC based on GOST R 34.11-94.
+
+=item B<GOST89MAC>
+
+cipher suites using GOST 28147-89 MAC B<instead of> HMAC.
+
+
=back
=head1 CIPHER SUITE NAMES
The following lists give the SSL or TLS cipher suites names from the
-relevant specification and their OpenSSL equivalents.
+relevant specification and their OpenSSL equivalents. It should be noted,
+that several cipher suite names do not include the authentication used,
+e.g. DES-CBC3-SHA. In these cases, RSA authentication is used.
=head2 SSL v3.0 cipher suites.
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA
+=head2 AES ciphersuites from RFC3268, extending TLS v1.0
+
+ TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA AES128-SHA
+ TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA AES256-SHA
+
+ TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+ TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+ TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+ TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+
+ TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA
+ TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA
+ TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA
+ TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
+
+ TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA ADH-AES128-SHA
+ TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA ADH-AES256-SHA
+
+=head2 Camellia ciphersuites from RFC4132, extending TLS v1.0
+
+ TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA CAMELLIA128-SHA
+ TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA CAMELLIA256-SHA
+
+ TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+ TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+ TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+ TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+
+ TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA128-SHA
+ TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA256-SHA
+ TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA
+ TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA
+
+ TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA ADH-CAMELLIA128-SHA
+ TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA ADH-CAMELLIA256-SHA
+
+=head2 SEED ciphersuites from RFC4162, extending TLS v1.0
+
+ TLS_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA SEED-SHA
+
+ TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+ TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
+
+ TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA DHE-DSS-SEED-SHA
+ TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA DHE-RSA-SEED-SHA
+
+ TLS_DH_anon_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA ADH-SEED-SHA
+
+=head2 GOST ciphersuites from draft-chudov-cryptopro-cptls, extending TLS v1.0
+
+Note: these ciphers require an engine which including GOST cryptographic
+algorithms, such as the B<ccgost> engine, included in the OpenSSL distribution.
+
+ TLS_GOSTR341094_WITH_28147_CNT_IMIT GOST94-GOST89-GOST89
+ TLS_GOSTR341001_WITH_28147_CNT_IMIT GOST2001-GOST89-GOST89
+ TLS_GOSTR341094_WITH_NULL_GOSTR3411 GOST94-NULL-GOST94
+ TLS_GOSTR341001_WITH_NULL_GOSTR3411 GOST2001-NULL-GOST94
+
=head2 Additional Export 1024 and other cipher suites
Note: these ciphers can also be used in SSL v3.
=head1 NOTES
-The non ephemeral DH modes are currently unimplimented in OpenSSL
+The non-ephemeral DH modes are currently unimplemented in OpenSSL
because there is no support for DH certificates.
Some compiled versions of OpenSSL may not include all the ciphers
openssl ciphers -v '3DES:+RSA'
+Include all RC4 ciphers but leave out those without authentication:
+
+ openssl ciphers -v 'RC4:!COMPLEMENTOFDEFAULT'
+
+Include all chiphers with RSA authentication but leave out ciphers without
+encryption.
+
+ openssl ciphers -v 'RSA:!COMPLEMENTOFALL'
+
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<s_client(1)|s_client(1)>, L<s_server(1)|s_server(1)>, L<ssl(3)|ssl(3)>
+=head1 HISTORY
+
+The B<COMPLENTOFALL> and B<COMPLEMENTOFDEFAULT> selection options
+for cipherlist strings were added in OpenSSL 0.9.7.
+The B<-V> option for the B<ciphers> command was added in OpenSSL 1.0.0.
+
=cut