1 /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
3 * mkswap.c - set up a linux swap device
5 * (C) 1991 Linus Torvalds. This file may be redistributed as per
10 * 20.12.91 - time began. Got VM working yesterday by doing this by hand.
12 * Usage: mkswap [-c] [-vN] [-f] device [size-in-blocks]
14 * -c for readability checking. (Use it unless you are SURE!)
15 * -vN for swap areas version N. (Only N=0,1 known today.)
16 * -f for forcing swap creation even if it would smash partition table.
18 * The device may be a block device or an image of one, but this isn't
19 * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
21 * Patches from jaggy@purplet.demon.co.uk (Mike Jagdis) to make the
22 * size-in-blocks parameter optional added Wed Feb 8 10:33:43 1995.
24 * Version 1 swap area code (for kernel 2.1.117), aeb, 981010.
26 * Sparc fixes, jj@ultra.linux.cz (Jakub Jelinek), 981201 - mangled by aeb.
27 * V1_MAX_PAGES fixes, jj, 990325.
29 * 1999-02-22 Arkadiusz Mi¶kiewicz <misiek@misiek.eu.org>
30 * - added Native Language Support
32 * from util-linux -- adapted for busybox by
33 * Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org>. I ripped out Native Language
34 * Support, made some stuff smaller, and fitted for life in busybox.
43 #include <sys/ioctl.h> /* for _IO */
44 #include <sys/utsname.h>
45 #include <asm/page.h> /* for PAGE_SIZE and PAGE_SHIFT */
46 /* we also get PAGE_SIZE via getpagesize() */
51 static const int BLKGETSIZE = 0x1260;
53 /* same on i386, m68k, arm; different on alpha, mips, sparc, ppc */
54 #define BLKGETSIZE _IO(0x12,96)
57 static char *device_name = NULL;
59 static long PAGES = 0;
61 static int badpages = 0;
62 static int version = -1;
64 #define MAKE_VERSION(p,q,r) (65536*(p) + 256*(q) + (r))
67 * The definition of the union swap_header uses the constant PAGE_SIZE.
68 * Unfortunately, on some architectures this depends on the hardware model,
69 * and can only be found at run time -- we use getpagesize().
73 static int *signature_page;
75 static struct swap_header_v1 {
76 char bootbits[1024]; /* Space for disklabel etc. */
78 unsigned int last_page;
79 unsigned int nr_badpages;
80 unsigned int padding[125];
81 unsigned int badpages[1];
84 static void init_signature_page()
86 pagesize = getpagesize();
89 if (pagesize != PAGE_SIZE)
90 error_msg("Assuming pages of size %d", pagesize);
92 signature_page = (int *) xmalloc(pagesize);
93 memset(signature_page, 0, pagesize);
94 p = (struct swap_header_v1 *) signature_page;
97 static void write_signature(char *sig)
99 char *sp = (char *) signature_page;
101 strncpy(sp + pagesize - 10, sig, 10);
104 #define V0_MAX_PAGES (8 * (pagesize - 10))
105 /* Before 2.2.0pre9 */
106 #define V1_OLD_MAX_PAGES ((0x7fffffff / pagesize) - 1)
108 error if nr of pages >= SWP_OFFSET(SWP_ENTRY(0,~0UL))
110 #define SWP_ENTRY(type,offset) (((type) << 1) | ((offset) << 8))
111 #define SWP_OFFSET(entry) ((entry) >> 8)
112 on the various architectures. Below the result - yuk.
114 Machine pagesize SWP_ENTRY SWP_OFFSET bound+1 oldbound+2
115 i386 2^12 o<<8 e>>8 1<<24 1<<19
116 mips 2^12 o<<15 e>>15 1<<17 1<<19
117 alpha 2^13 o<<40 e>>40 1<<24 1<<18
118 m68k 2^12 o<<12 e>>12 1<<20 1<<19
119 sparc 2^{12,13} (o&0x3ffff)<<9 (e>>9)&0x3ffff 1<<18 1<<{19,18}
120 sparc64 2^13 o<<13 e>>13 1<<51 1<<18
121 ppc 2^12 o<<8 e>>8 1<<24 1<<19
122 armo 2^{13,14,15} o<<8 e>>8 1<<24 1<<{18,17,16}
123 armv 2^12 o<<9 e>>9 1<<23 1<<19
125 assuming that longs have 64 bits on alpha and sparc64 and 32 bits elsewhere.
127 The bad part is that we need to know this since the kernel will
128 refuse a swap space if it is too large.
130 /* patch from jj - why does this differ from the above? */
131 #if defined(__alpha__)
132 #define V1_MAX_PAGES ((1 << 24) - 1)
133 #elif defined(__mips__)
134 #define V1_MAX_PAGES ((1 << 17) - 1)
135 #elif defined(__sparc_v9__)
136 #define V1_MAX_PAGES ((3 << 29) - 1)
137 #elif defined(__sparc__)
138 #define V1_MAX_PAGES (pagesize == 8192 ? ((3 << 29) - 1) : ((1 << 18) - 1))
140 #define V1_MAX_PAGES V1_OLD_MAX_PAGES
142 /* man page now says:
143 The maximum useful size of a swap area now depends on the architecture.
144 It is roughly 2GB on i386, PPC, m68k, ARM, 1GB on sparc, 512MB on mips,
145 128GB on alpha and 3TB on sparc64.
148 #define MAX_BADPAGES ((pagesize-1024-128*sizeof(int)-10)/sizeof(int))
150 static void bit_set(unsigned int *addr, unsigned int nr)
154 addr += nr / (8 * sizeof(int));
157 m = 1 << (nr & (8 * sizeof(int) - 1));
162 static int bit_test_and_clear(unsigned int *addr, unsigned int nr)
166 addr += nr / (8 * sizeof(int));
169 m = 1 << (nr & (8 * sizeof(int) - 1));
176 static void page_ok(int page)
179 bit_set(signature_page, page);
182 static void page_bad(int page)
185 bit_test_and_clear(signature_page, page);
187 if (badpages == MAX_BADPAGES)
188 error_msg_and_die("too many bad pages");
189 p->badpages[badpages] = page;
194 static void check_blocks(void)
196 unsigned int current_page;
200 buffer = xmalloc(pagesize);
202 while (current_page < PAGES) {
204 page_ok(current_page++);
207 if (do_seek && lseek(DEV, current_page * pagesize, SEEK_SET) !=
208 current_page * pagesize)
209 error_msg_and_die("seek failed in check_blocks");
210 if ((do_seek = (pagesize != read(DEV, buffer, pagesize)))) {
211 page_bad(current_page++);
214 page_ok(current_page++);
217 printf("one bad page\n");
218 else if (badpages > 1)
219 printf("%d bad pages\n", badpages);
222 static long valid_offset(int fd, int offset)
226 if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
228 if (read(fd, &ch, 1) < 1)
233 static int find_size(int fd)
235 unsigned int high, low;
238 for (high = 1; high > 0 && valid_offset(fd, high); high *= 2)
240 while (low < high - 1) {
241 const int mid = (low + high) / 2;
243 if (valid_offset(fd, mid))
251 /* return size in pages, to avoid integer overflow */
252 static long get_size(const char *file)
257 if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
258 perror_msg_and_die("%s", file);
259 if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, &size) >= 0) {
260 int sectors_per_page = pagesize / 512;
262 size /= sectors_per_page;
264 size = find_size(fd) / pagesize;
270 int mkswap_main(int argc, char **argv)
280 init_signature_page(); /* get pagesize */
284 if (argv[0][0] != '-') {
286 int blocks_per_page = pagesize / 1024;
288 PAGES = strtol(argv[0], &tmp, 0) / blocks_per_page;
292 device_name = argv[0];
294 switch (argv[0][1]) {
302 version = atoi(argv[0] + 2);
310 error_msg("error: Nowhere to set up swap on?");
313 sz = get_size(device_name);
316 } else if (PAGES > sz && !force) {
317 error_msg("error: size %ld is larger than device size %d",
318 PAGES * (pagesize / 1024), sz * (pagesize / 1024));
323 if (PAGES <= V0_MAX_PAGES)
325 else if (get_kernel_revision() < MAKE_VERSION(2, 1, 117))
327 else if (pagesize < 2048)
332 if (version != 0 && version != 1) {
333 error_msg("error: unknown version %d", version);
337 error_msg("error: swap area needs to be at least %ldkB",
338 (long) (10 * pagesize / 1024));
342 maxpages = ((version == 0) ? V0_MAX_PAGES : V1_MAX_PAGES);
345 maxpages = V0_MAX_PAGES;
346 else if (get_kernel_revision() >= MAKE_VERSION(2, 2, 1))
347 maxpages = V1_MAX_PAGES;
349 maxpages = V1_OLD_MAX_PAGES;
350 if (maxpages > V1_MAX_PAGES)
351 maxpages = V1_MAX_PAGES;
354 if (PAGES > maxpages) {
356 error_msg("warning: truncating swap area to %ldkB",
357 PAGES * pagesize / 1024);
360 DEV = open(device_name, O_RDWR);
361 if (DEV < 0 || fstat(DEV, &statbuf) < 0)
362 perror_msg_and_die("%s", device_name);
363 if (!S_ISBLK(statbuf.st_mode))
365 else if (statbuf.st_rdev == 0x0300 || statbuf.st_rdev == 0x0340)
366 error_msg_and_die("Will not try to make swapdevice on '%s'", device_name);
369 if (!force && version == 0) {
370 /* Don't overwrite partition table unless forced */
371 unsigned char *buffer = (unsigned char *) signature_page;
372 unsigned short *q, sum;
374 if (read(DEV, buffer, 512) != 512)
375 error_msg_and_die("fatal: first page unreadable");
376 if (buffer[508] == 0xDA && buffer[509] == 0xBE) {
377 q = (unsigned short *) (buffer + 510);
378 for (sum = 0; q >= (unsigned short *) buffer;)
381 error_msg("Device '%s' contains a valid Sun disklabel.\n"
382 "This probably means creating v0 swap would destroy your partition table\n"
383 "No swap created. If you really want to create swap v0 on that device, use\n"
384 "the -f option to force it.", device_name);
391 if (version == 0 || check)
393 if (version == 0 && !bit_test_and_clear(signature_page, 0))
394 error_msg_and_die("fatal: first page unreadable");
396 p->version = version;
397 p->last_page = PAGES - 1;
398 p->nr_badpages = badpages;
401 goodpages = PAGES - badpages - 1;
403 error_msg_and_die("Unable to set up swap-space: unreadable");
404 printf("Setting up swapspace version %d, size = %ld bytes\n",
405 version, (long) (goodpages * pagesize));
406 write_signature((version == 0) ? "SWAP-SPACE" : "SWAPSPACE2");
408 offset = ((version == 0) ? 0 : 1024);
409 if (lseek(DEV, offset, SEEK_SET) != offset)
410 error_msg_and_die("unable to rewind swap-device");
411 if (write(DEV, (char *) signature_page + offset, pagesize - offset)
412 != pagesize - offset)
413 error_msg_and_die("unable to write signature page");
416 * A subsequent swapon() will fail if the signature
417 * is not actually on disk. (This is a kernel bug.)
420 error_msg_and_die("fsync failed");