tools/firmware-utils/src/tplink-safeloader.c

   1 /*
   2   Copyright (c) 2014, Matthias Schiffer <mschiffer@universe-factory.net>
   3   All rights reserved.
   4
   5   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
   7
   8     1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
   9        this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10     2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
  11        this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
  12        and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13
  14   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
  15   AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  16   IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
  17   DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  18   FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  19   DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
  20   SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
  21   CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
  22   OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  23   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  24 */
  25
  26
  27 /*
  28    tplink-safeloader
  29
  30    Image generation tool for the TP-LINK SafeLoader as seen on
  31    TP-LINK Pharos devices (CPE210/220/510/520)
  32 */
  33
  34
  35 #include <assert.h>
  36 #include <errno.h>
  37 #include <stdbool.h>
  38 #include <stdio.h>
  39 #include <stdint.h>
  40 #include <stdlib.h>
  41 #include <string.h>
  42 #include <time.h>
  43 #include <unistd.h>
  44
  45 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  46
  47 #include <sys/types.h>
  48 #include <sys/stat.h>
  49
  50 #include "md5.h"
  51
  52
  53 #define ALIGN(x,a) ({ typeof(a) __a = (a); (((x) + __a - 1) & ~(__a - 1)); })
  54
  55
  56 #define MAX_PARTITIONS  32
  57
  58 /** An image partition table entry */
  59 struct image_partition_entry {
  60         const char *name;
  61         size_t size;
  62         uint8_t *data;
  63 };
  64
  65 /** A flash partition table entry */
  66 struct flash_partition_entry {
  67         const char *name;
  68         uint32_t base;
  69         uint32_t size;
  70 };
  71
  72 /** Firmware layout description */
  73 struct device_info {
  74         const char *id;
  75         const char *vendor;
  76         const char *support_list;
  77         char support_trail;
  78         const struct flash_partition_entry partitions[MAX_PARTITIONS+1];
  79         const char *first_sysupgrade_partition;
  80         const char *last_sysupgrade_partition;
  81 };
  82
  83 /** The content of the soft-version structure */
  84 struct __attribute__((__packed__)) soft_version {
  85         uint32_t magic;
  86         uint32_t zero;
  87         uint8_t pad1;
  88         uint8_t version_major;
  89         uint8_t version_minor;
  90         uint8_t version_patch;
  91         uint8_t year_hi;
  92         uint8_t year_lo;
  93         uint8_t month;
  94         uint8_t day;
  95         uint32_t rev;
  96         uint8_t pad2;
  97 };
  98
  99
 100 static const uint8_t jffs2_eof_mark[4] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xc0, 0xde};
 101
 102
 103 /**
 104    Salt for the MD5 hash
 105
 106    Fortunately, TP-LINK seems to use the same salt for most devices which use
 107    the new image format.
 108 */
 109 static const uint8_t md5_salt[16] = {
 110         0x7a, 0x2b, 0x15, 0xed,
 111         0x9b, 0x98, 0x59, 0x6d,
 112         0xe5, 0x04, 0xab, 0x44,
 113         0xac, 0x2a, 0x9f, 0x4e,
 114 };
 115
 116
 117 /** Firmware layout table */
 118 static struct device_info boards[] = {
 119         /** Firmware layout for the CPE210/220 */
 120         {
 121                 .id     = "CPE210",
 122                 .vendor = "CPE510(TP-LINK|UN|N300-5):1.0\r\n",
 123                 .support_list =
 124                         "SupportList:\r\n"
 125                         "CPE210(TP-LINK|UN|N300-2):1.0\r\n"
 126                         "CPE210(TP-LINK|UN|N300-2):1.1\r\n"
 127                         "CPE210(TP-LINK|US|N300-2):1.1\r\n"
 128                         "CPE210(TP-LINK|EU|N300-2):1.1\r\n"
 129                         "CPE220(TP-LINK|UN|N300-2):1.1\r\n"
 130                         "CPE220(TP-LINK|US|N300-2):1.1\r\n"
 131                         "CPE220(TP-LINK|EU|N300-2):1.1\r\n",
 132                 .support_trail = '\xff',
 133
 134                 .partitions = {
 135                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x20000},
 136                         {"partition-table", 0x20000, 0x02000},
 137                         {"default-mac", 0x30000, 0x00020},
 138                         {"product-info", 0x31100, 0x00100},
 139                         {"signature", 0x32000, 0x00400},
 140                         {"os-image", 0x40000, 0x170000},
 141                         {"soft-version", 0x1b0000, 0x00100},
 142                         {"support-list", 0x1b1000, 0x00400},
 143                         {"file-system", 0x1c0000, 0x600000},
 144                         {"user-config", 0x7c0000, 0x10000},
 145                         {"default-config", 0x7d0000, 0x10000},
 146                         {"log", 0x7e0000, 0x10000},
 147                         {"radio", 0x7f0000, 0x10000},
 148                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 149                 },
 150
 151                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 152                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system",
 153         },
 154
 155         /** Firmware layout for the CPE510/520 */
 156         {
 157                 .id     = "CPE510",
 158                 .vendor = "CPE510(TP-LINK|UN|N300-5):1.0\r\n",
 159                 .support_list =
 160                         "SupportList:\r\n"
 161                         "CPE510(TP-LINK|UN|N300-5):1.0\r\n"
 162                         "CPE510(TP-LINK|UN|N300-5):1.1\r\n"
 163                         "CPE510(TP-LINK|UN|N300-5):1.1\r\n"
 164                         "CPE510(TP-LINK|US|N300-5):1.1\r\n"
 165                         "CPE510(TP-LINK|EU|N300-5):1.1\r\n"
 166                         "CPE520(TP-LINK|UN|N300-5):1.1\r\n"
 167                         "CPE520(TP-LINK|US|N300-5):1.1\r\n"
 168                         "CPE520(TP-LINK|EU|N300-5):1.1\r\n",
 169                 .support_trail = '\xff',
 170
 171                 .partitions = {
 172                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x20000},
 173                         {"partition-table", 0x20000, 0x02000},
 174                         {"default-mac", 0x30000, 0x00020},
 175                         {"product-info", 0x31100, 0x00100},
 176                         {"signature", 0x32000, 0x00400},
 177                         {"os-image", 0x40000, 0x170000},
 178                         {"soft-version", 0x1b0000, 0x00100},
 179                         {"support-list", 0x1b1000, 0x00400},
 180                         {"file-system", 0x1c0000, 0x600000},
 181                         {"user-config", 0x7c0000, 0x10000},
 182                         {"default-config", 0x7d0000, 0x10000},
 183                         {"log", 0x7e0000, 0x10000},
 184                         {"radio", 0x7f0000, 0x10000},
 185                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 186                 },
 187
 188                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 189                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system",
 190         },
 191
 192         {
 193                 .id     = "WBS210",
 194                 .vendor = "CPE510(TP-LINK|UN|N300-5):1.0\r\n",
 195                 .support_list =
 196                         "SupportList:\r\n"
 197                         "WBS210(TP-LINK|UN|N300-2):1.20\r\n"
 198                         "WBS210(TP-LINK|US|N300-2):1.20\r\n"
 199                         "WBS210(TP-LINK|EU|N300-2):1.20\r\n",
 200                 .support_trail = '\xff',
 201
 202                 .partitions = {
 203                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x20000},
 204                         {"partition-table", 0x20000, 0x02000},
 205                         {"default-mac", 0x30000, 0x00020},
 206                         {"product-info", 0x31100, 0x00100},
 207                         {"signature", 0x32000, 0x00400},
 208                         {"os-image", 0x40000, 0x170000},
 209                         {"soft-version", 0x1b0000, 0x00100},
 210                         {"support-list", 0x1b1000, 0x00400},
 211                         {"file-system", 0x1c0000, 0x600000},
 212                         {"user-config", 0x7c0000, 0x10000},
 213                         {"default-config", 0x7d0000, 0x10000},
 214                         {"log", 0x7e0000, 0x10000},
 215                         {"radio", 0x7f0000, 0x10000},
 216                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 217                 },
 218
 219                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 220                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system",
 221         },
 222
 223         {
 224                 .id     = "WBS510",
 225                 .vendor = "CPE510(TP-LINK|UN|N300-5):1.0\r\n",
 226                 .support_list =
 227                         "SupportList:\r\n"
 228                         "WBS510(TP-LINK|UN|N300-5):1.20\r\n"
 229                         "WBS510(TP-LINK|US|N300-5):1.20\r\n"
 230                         "WBS510(TP-LINK|EU|N300-5):1.20\r\n",
 231                 .support_trail = '\xff',
 232
 233                 .partitions = {
 234                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x20000},
 235                         {"partition-table", 0x20000, 0x02000},
 236                         {"default-mac", 0x30000, 0x00020},
 237                         {"product-info", 0x31100, 0x00100},
 238                         {"signature", 0x32000, 0x00400},
 239                         {"os-image", 0x40000, 0x170000},
 240                         {"soft-version", 0x1b0000, 0x00100},
 241                         {"support-list", 0x1b1000, 0x00400},
 242                         {"file-system", 0x1c0000, 0x600000},
 243                         {"user-config", 0x7c0000, 0x10000},
 244                         {"default-config", 0x7d0000, 0x10000},
 245                         {"log", 0x7e0000, 0x10000},
 246                         {"radio", 0x7f0000, 0x10000},
 247                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 248                 },
 249
 250                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 251                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system",
 252         },
 253
 254         /** Firmware layout for the C2600 */
 255         {
 256                 .id = "C2600",
 257                 .vendor = "",
 258                 .support_list =
 259                         "SupportList:\r\n"
 260                         "{product_name:Archer C2600,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:00000000}\r\n",
 261                 .support_trail = '\x00',
 262
 263                 .partitions = {
 264                         {"SBL1", 0x00000, 0x20000},
 265                         {"MIBIB", 0x20000, 0x20000},
 266                         {"SBL2", 0x40000, 0x20000},
 267                         {"SBL3", 0x60000, 0x30000},
 268                         {"DDRCONFIG", 0x90000, 0x10000},
 269                         {"SSD", 0xa0000, 0x10000},
 270                         {"TZ", 0xb0000, 0x30000},
 271                         {"RPM", 0xe0000, 0x20000},
 272                         {"fs-uboot", 0x100000, 0x70000},
 273                         {"uboot-env", 0x170000, 0x40000},
 274                         {"radio", 0x1b0000, 0x40000},
 275                         {"os-image", 0x1f0000, 0x200000},
 276                         {"file-system", 0x3f0000, 0x1b00000},
 277                         {"default-mac", 0x1ef0000, 0x00200},
 278                         {"pin", 0x1ef0200, 0x00200},
 279                         {"product-info", 0x1ef0400, 0x0fc00},
 280                         {"partition-table", 0x1f00000, 0x10000},
 281                         {"soft-version", 0x1f10000, 0x10000},
 282                         {"support-list", 0x1f20000, 0x10000},
 283                         {"profile", 0x1f30000, 0x10000},
 284                         {"default-config", 0x1f40000, 0x10000},
 285                         {"user-config", 0x1f50000, 0x40000},
 286                         {"qos-db", 0x1f90000, 0x40000},
 287                         {"usb-config", 0x1fd0000, 0x10000},
 288                         {"log", 0x1fe0000, 0x20000},
 289                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 290                 },
 291
 292                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 293                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system"
 294         },
 295
 296         /** Firmware layout for the C59v1 */
 297         {
 298                 .id     = "ARCHER-C59-V1",
 299                 .vendor = "",
 300                 .support_list =
 301                         "SupportList:\r\n"
 302                         "{product_name:Archer C59,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:00000000}\r\n"
 303                         "{product_name:Archer C59,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:45550000}\r\n"
 304                         "{product_name:Archer C59,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:55530000}\r\n",
 305                 .support_trail = '\x00',
 306
 307                 .partitions = {
 308                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x10000},
 309                         {"default-mac", 0x10000, 0x00200},
 310                         {"pin", 0x10200, 0x00200},
 311                         {"device-id", 0x10400, 0x00100},
 312                         {"product-info", 0x10500, 0x0fb00},
 313                         {"os-image", 0x20000, 0x180000},
 314                         {"file-system", 0x1a0000, 0xcb0000},
 315                         {"partition-table", 0xe50000, 0x10000},
 316                         {"soft-version", 0xe60000, 0x10000},
 317                         {"support-list", 0xe70000, 0x10000},
 318                         {"profile", 0xe80000, 0x10000},
 319                         {"default-config", 0xe90000, 0x10000},
 320                         {"user-config", 0xea0000, 0x40000},
 321                         {"usb-config", 0xee0000, 0x10000},
 322                         {"certificate", 0xef0000, 0x10000},
 323                         {"qos-db", 0xf00000, 0x40000},
 324                         {"log", 0xfe0000, 0x10000},
 325                         {"radio", 0xff0000, 0x10000},
 326                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 327                 },
 328
 329                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 330                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system",
 331         },
 332
 333         /** Firmware layout for the C60v1 */
 334         {
 335                 .id     = "ARCHER-C60-V1",
 336                 .vendor = "",
 337                 .support_list =
 338                         "SupportList:\r\n"
 339                         "{product_name:Archer C60,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:00000000}\r\n"
 340                         "{product_name:Archer C60,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:45550000}\r\n"
 341                         "{product_name:Archer C60,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:55530000}\r\n",
 342                 .support_trail = '\x00',
 343
 344                 .partitions = {
 345                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x10000},
 346                         {"default-mac", 0x10000, 0x00200},
 347                         {"pin", 0x10200, 0x00200},
 348                         {"product-info", 0x10400, 0x00100},
 349                         {"partition-table", 0x10500, 0x00800},
 350                         {"soft-version", 0x11300, 0x00200},
 351                         {"support-list", 0x11500, 0x00100},
 352                         {"device-id", 0x11600, 0x00100},
 353                         {"profile", 0x11700, 0x03900},
 354                         {"default-config", 0x15000, 0x04000},
 355                         {"user-config", 0x19000, 0x04000},
 356                         {"os-image", 0x20000, 0x150000},
 357                         {"file-system", 0x170000, 0x678000},
 358                         {"certyficate", 0x7e8000, 0x08000},
 359                         {"radio", 0x7f0000, 0x10000},
 360                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 361                 },
 362
 363                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 364                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system",
 365         },
 366
 367         /** Firmware layout for the C9 */
 368         {
 369                 .id = "ARCHERC9",
 370                 .vendor = "",
 371                 .support_list =
 372                         "SupportList:\n"
 373                         "{product_name:ArcherC9,"
 374                         "product_ver:1.0.0,"
 375                         "special_id:00000000}\n",
 376                 .support_trail = '\x00',
 377
 378                 .partitions = {
 379                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x40000},
 380                         {"os-image", 0x40000, 0x200000},
 381                         {"file-system", 0x240000, 0xc00000},
 382                         {"default-mac", 0xe40000, 0x00200},
 383                         {"pin", 0xe40200, 0x00200},
 384                         {"product-info", 0xe40400, 0x00200},
 385                         {"partition-table", 0xe50000, 0x10000},
 386                         {"soft-version", 0xe60000, 0x00200},
 387                         {"support-list", 0xe61000, 0x0f000},
 388                         {"profile", 0xe70000, 0x10000},
 389                         {"default-config", 0xe80000, 0x10000},
 390                         {"user-config", 0xe90000, 0x50000},
 391                         {"log", 0xee0000, 0x100000},
 392                         {"radio_bk", 0xfe0000, 0x10000},
 393                         {"radio", 0xff0000, 0x10000},
 394                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 395                 },
 396
 397                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 398                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system"
 399         },
 400
 401         /** Firmware layout for the EAP120 */
 402         {
 403                 .id     = "EAP120",
 404                 .vendor = "EAP120(TP-LINK|UN|N300-2):1.0\r\n",
 405                 .support_list =
 406                         "SupportList:\r\n"
 407                         "EAP120(TP-LINK|UN|N300-2):1.0\r\n",
 408                 .support_trail = '\xff',
 409
 410                 .partitions = {
 411                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x20000},
 412                         {"partition-table", 0x20000, 0x02000},
 413                         {"default-mac", 0x30000, 0x00020},
 414                         {"support-list", 0x31000, 0x00100},
 415                         {"product-info", 0x31100, 0x00100},
 416                         {"soft-version", 0x32000, 0x00100},
 417                         {"os-image", 0x40000, 0x180000},
 418                         {"file-system", 0x1c0000, 0x600000},
 419                         {"user-config", 0x7c0000, 0x10000},
 420                         {"backup-config", 0x7d0000, 0x10000},
 421                         {"log", 0x7e0000, 0x10000},
 422                         {"radio", 0x7f0000, 0x10000},
 423                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 424                 },
 425
 426                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 427                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system"
 428         },
 429
 430         /** Firmware layout for the TL-WR1043 v4 */
 431         {
 432                 .id     = "TLWR1043NDV4",
 433                 .vendor = "",
 434                 .support_list =
 435                         "SupportList:\n"
 436                         "{product_name:TL-WR1043ND,product_ver:4.0.0,special_id:45550000}\n",
 437                 .support_trail = '\x00',
 438
 439                 /**
 440                     We use a bigger os-image partition than the stock images (and thus
 441                     smaller file-system), as our kernel doesn't fit in the stock firmware's
 442                     1MB os-image.
 443                 */
 444                 .partitions = {
 445                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x20000},
 446                         {"os-image", 0x20000, 0x180000},
 447                         {"file-system", 0x1a0000, 0xdb0000},
 448                         {"default-mac", 0xf50000, 0x00200},
 449                         {"pin", 0xf50200, 0x00200},
 450                         {"product-info", 0xf50400, 0x0fc00},
 451                         {"soft-version", 0xf60000, 0x0b000},
 452                         {"support-list", 0xf6b000, 0x04000},
 453                         {"profile", 0xf70000, 0x04000},
 454                         {"default-config", 0xf74000, 0x0b000},
 455                         {"user-config", 0xf80000, 0x40000},
 456                         {"partition-table", 0xfc0000, 0x10000},
 457                         {"log", 0xfd0000, 0x20000},
 458                         {"radio", 0xff0000, 0x10000},
 459                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 460                 },
 461
 462                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 463                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system"
 464         },
 465
 466         /** Firmware layout for the RE450 */
 467         {
 468                 .id = "RE450",
 469                 .vendor = "",
 470                 .support_list =
 471                         "SupportList:\r\n"
 472                         "{product_name:RE450,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:00000000}\r\n"
 473                         "{product_name:RE450,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:55530000}\r\n"
 474                         "{product_name:RE450,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:45550000}\r\n"
 475                         "{product_name:RE450,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:4A500000}\r\n"
 476                         "{product_name:RE450,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:43410000}\r\n"
 477                         "{product_name:RE450,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:41550000}\r\n"
 478                         "{product_name:RE450,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:4B520000}\r\n"
 479                         "{product_name:RE450,product_ver:1.0.0,special_id:55534100}\r\n",
 480                 .support_trail = '\x00',
 481
 482                 /**
 483                    The flash partition table for RE450;
 484                    it is almost the same as the one used by the stock images,
 485                    576KB were moved from file-system to os-image.
 486                 */
 487                 .partitions = {
 488                         {"fs-uboot", 0x00000, 0x20000},
 489                         {"os-image", 0x20000, 0x150000},
 490                         {"file-system", 0x170000, 0x4a0000},
 491                         {"partition-table", 0x600000, 0x02000},
 492                         {"default-mac", 0x610000, 0x00020},
 493                         {"pin", 0x610100, 0x00020},
 494                         {"product-info", 0x611100, 0x01000},
 495                         {"soft-version", 0x620000, 0x01000},
 496                         {"support-list", 0x621000, 0x01000},
 497                         {"profile", 0x622000, 0x08000},
 498                         {"user-config", 0x630000, 0x10000},
 499                         {"default-config", 0x640000, 0x10000},
 500                         {"radio", 0x7f0000, 0x10000},
 501                         {NULL, 0, 0}
 502                 },
 503
 504                 .first_sysupgrade_partition = "os-image",
 505                 .last_sysupgrade_partition = "file-system"
 506         },
 507
 508         {}
 509 };
 510
 511 #define error(_ret, _errno, _str, ...)                          \
 512         do {                                                    \
 513                 fprintf(stderr, _str ": %s\n", ## __VA_ARGS__,  \
 514                         strerror(_errno));                      \
 515                 if (_ret)                                       \
 516                         exit(_ret);                             \
 517         } while (0)
 518
 519
 520 /** Stores a uint32 as big endian */
 521 static inline void put32(uint8_t *buf, uint32_t val) {
 522         buf[0] = val >> 24;
 523         buf[1] = val >> 16;
 524         buf[2] = val >> 8;
 525         buf[3] = val;
 526 }
 527
 528 /** Allocates a new image partition */
 529 static struct image_partition_entry alloc_image_partition(const char *name, size_t len) {
 530         struct image_partition_entry entry = {name, len, malloc(len)};
 531         if (!entry.data)
 532                 error(1, errno, "malloc");
 533
 534         return entry;
 535 }
 536
 537 /** Frees an image partition */
 538 static void free_image_partition(struct image_partition_entry entry) {
 539         free(entry.data);
 540 }
 541
 542 /** Generates the partition-table partition */
 543 static struct image_partition_entry make_partition_table(const struct flash_partition_entry *p) {
 544         struct image_partition_entry entry = alloc_image_partition("partition-table", 0x800);
 545
 546         char *s = (char *)entry.data, *end = (char *)(s+entry.size);
 547
 548         *(s++) = 0x00;
 549         *(s++) = 0x04;
 550         *(s++) = 0x00;
 551         *(s++) = 0x00;
 552
 553         size_t i;
 554         for (i = 0; p[i].name; i++) {
 555                 size_t len = end-s;
 556                 size_t w = snprintf(s, len, "partition %s base 0x%05x size 0x%05x\n", p[i].name, p[i].base, p[i].size);
 557
 558                 if (w > len-1)
 559                         error(1, 0, "flash partition table overflow?");
 560
 561                 s += w;
 562         }
 563
 564         s++;
 565
 566         memset(s, 0xff, end-s);
 567
 568         return entry;
 569 }
 570
 571
 572 /** Generates a binary-coded decimal representation of an integer in the range [0, 99] */
 573 static inline uint8_t bcd(uint8_t v) {
 574         return 0x10 * (v/10) + v%10;
 575 }
 576
 577
 578 /** Generates the soft-version partition */
 579 static struct image_partition_entry make_soft_version(uint32_t rev) {
 580         struct image_partition_entry entry = alloc_image_partition("soft-version", sizeof(struct soft_version));
 581         struct soft_version *s = (struct soft_version *)entry.data;
 582
 583         time_t t;
 584
 585         if (time(&t) == (time_t)(-1))
 586                 error(1, errno, "time");
 587
 588         struct tm *tm = localtime(&t);
 589
 590         s->magic = htonl(0x0000000c);
 591         s->zero = 0;
 592         s->pad1 = 0xff;
 593
 594         s->version_major = 0;
 595         s->version_minor = 0;
 596         s->version_patch = 0;
 597
 598         s->year_hi = bcd((1900+tm->tm_year)/100);
 599         s->year_lo = bcd(tm->tm_year%100);
 600         s->month = bcd(tm->tm_mon+1);
 601         s->day = bcd(tm->tm_mday);
 602         s->rev = htonl(rev);
 603
 604         s->pad2 = 0xff;
 605
 606         return entry;
 607 }
 608
 609 /** Generates the support-list partition */
 610 static struct image_partition_entry make_support_list(const struct device_info *info) {
 611         size_t len = strlen(info->support_list);
 612         struct image_partition_entry entry = alloc_image_partition("support-list", len + 9);
 613
 614         put32(entry.data, len);
 615         memset(entry.data+4, 0, 4);
 616         memcpy(entry.data+8, info->support_list, len);
 617         entry.data[len+8] = info->support_trail;
 618
 619         return entry;
 620 }
 621
 622 /** Creates a new image partition with an arbitrary name from a file */
 623 static struct image_partition_entry read_file(const char *part_name, const char *filename, bool add_jffs2_eof) {
 624         struct stat statbuf;
 625
 626         if (stat(filename, &statbuf) < 0)
 627                 error(1, errno, "unable to stat file `%s'", filename);
 628
 629         size_t len = statbuf.st_size;
 630
 631         if (add_jffs2_eof)
 632                 len = ALIGN(len, 0x10000) + sizeof(jffs2_eof_mark);
 633
 634         struct image_partition_entry entry = alloc_image_partition(part_name, len);
 635
 636         FILE *file = fopen(filename, "rb");
 637         if (!file)
 638                 error(1, errno, "unable to open file `%s'", filename);
 639
 640         if (fread(entry.data, statbuf.st_size, 1, file) != 1)
 641                 error(1, errno, "unable to read file `%s'", filename);
 642
 643         if (add_jffs2_eof) {
 644                 uint8_t *eof = entry.data + statbuf.st_size, *end = entry.data+entry.size;
 645
 646                 memset(eof, 0xff, end - eof - sizeof(jffs2_eof_mark));
 647                 memcpy(end - sizeof(jffs2_eof_mark), jffs2_eof_mark, sizeof(jffs2_eof_mark));
 648         }
 649
 650         fclose(file);
 651
 652         return entry;
 653 }
 654
 655
 656 /**
 657    Copies a list of image partitions into an image buffer and generates the image partition table while doing so
 658
 659    Example image partition table:
 660
 661      fwup-ptn partition-table base 0x00800 size 0x00800
 662      fwup-ptn os-image base 0x01000 size 0x113b45
 663      fwup-ptn file-system base 0x114b45 size 0x1d0004
 664      fwup-ptn support-list base 0x2e4b49 size 0x000d1
 665
 666    Each line of the partition table is terminated with the bytes 09 0d 0a ("\t\r\n"),
 667    the end of the partition table is marked with a zero byte.
 668
 669    The firmware image must contain at least the partition-table and support-list partitions
 670    to be accepted. There aren't any alignment constraints for the image partitions.
 671
 672    The partition-table partition contains the actual flash layout; partitions
 673    from the image partition table are mapped to the corresponding flash partitions during
 674    the firmware upgrade. The support-list partition contains a list of devices supported by
 675    the firmware image.
 676
 677    The base offsets in the firmware partition table are relative to the end
 678    of the vendor information block, so the partition-table partition will
 679    actually start at offset 0x1814 of the image.
 680
 681    I think partition-table must be the first partition in the firmware image.
 682 */
 683 static void put_partitions(uint8_t *buffer, const struct flash_partition_entry *flash_parts, const struct image_partition_entry *parts) {
 684         size_t i, j;
 685         char *image_pt = (char *)buffer, *end = image_pt + 0x800;
 686
 687         size_t base = 0x800;
 688         for (i = 0; parts[i].name; i++) {
 689                 for (j = 0; flash_parts[j].name; j++) {
 690                         if (!strcmp(flash_parts[j].name, parts[i].name)) {
 691                                 if (parts[i].size > flash_parts[j].size)
 692                                         error(1, 0, "%s partition too big (more than %u bytes)", flash_parts[j].name, (unsigned)flash_parts[j].size);
 693                                 break;
 694                         }
 695                 }
 696
 697                 assert(flash_parts[j].name);
 698
 699                 memcpy(buffer + base, parts[i].data, parts[i].size);
 700
 701                 size_t len = end-image_pt;
 702                 size_t w = snprintf(image_pt, len, "fwup-ptn %s base 0x%05x size 0x%05x\t\r\n", parts[i].name, (unsigned)base, (unsigned)parts[i].size);
 703
 704                 if (w > len-1)
 705                         error(1, 0, "image partition table overflow?");
 706
 707                 image_pt += w;
 708
 709                 base += parts[i].size;
 710         }
 711 }
 712
 713 /** Generates and writes the image MD5 checksum */
 714 static void put_md5(uint8_t *md5, uint8_t *buffer, unsigned int len) {
 715         MD5_CTX ctx;
 716
 717         MD5_Init(&ctx);
 718         MD5_Update(&ctx, md5_salt, (unsigned int)sizeof(md5_salt));
 719         MD5_Update(&ctx, buffer, len);
 720         MD5_Final(md5, &ctx);
 721 }
 722
 723
 724 /**
 725    Generates the firmware image in factory format
 726
 727    Image format:
 728
 729      Bytes (hex)  Usage
 730      -----------  -----
 731      0000-0003    Image size (4 bytes, big endian)
 732      0004-0013    MD5 hash (hash of a 16 byte salt and the image data starting with byte 0x14)
 733      0014-0017    Vendor information length (without padding) (4 bytes, big endian)
 734      0018-1013    Vendor information (4092 bytes, padded with 0xff; there seem to be older
 735                   (VxWorks-based) TP-LINK devices which use a smaller vendor information block)
 736      1014-1813    Image partition table (2048 bytes, padded with 0xff)
 737      1814-xxxx    Firmware partitions
 738 */
 739 static void * generate_factory_image(const struct device_info *info, const struct image_partition_entry *parts, size_t *len) {
 740         *len = 0x1814;
 741
 742         size_t i;
 743         for (i = 0; parts[i].name; i++)
 744                 *len += parts[i].size;
 745
 746         uint8_t *image = malloc(*len);
 747         if (!image)
 748                 error(1, errno, "malloc");
 749
 750         memset(image, 0xff, *len);
 751         put32(image, *len);
 752
 753         if (info->vendor) {
 754                 size_t vendor_len = strlen(info->vendor);
 755                 put32(image+0x14, vendor_len);
 756                 memcpy(image+0x18, info->vendor, vendor_len);
 757         }
 758
 759         put_partitions(image + 0x1014, info->partitions, parts);
 760         put_md5(image+0x04, image+0x14, *len-0x14);
 761
 762         return image;
 763 }
 764
 765 /**
 766    Generates the firmware image in sysupgrade format
 767
 768    This makes some assumptions about the provided flash and image partition tables and
 769    should be generalized when TP-LINK starts building its safeloader into hardware with
 770    different flash layouts.
 771 */
 772 static void * generate_sysupgrade_image(const struct device_info *info, const struct image_partition_entry *image_parts, size_t *len) {
 773         size_t i, j;
 774         size_t flash_first_partition_index = 0;
 775         size_t flash_last_partition_index = 0;
 776         const struct flash_partition_entry *flash_first_partition = NULL;
 777         const struct flash_partition_entry *flash_last_partition = NULL;
 778         const struct image_partition_entry *image_last_partition = NULL;
 779
 780         /** Find first and last partitions */
 781         for (i = 0; info->partitions[i].name; i++) {
 782                 if (!strcmp(info->partitions[i].name, info->first_sysupgrade_partition)) {
 783                         flash_first_partition = &info->partitions[i];
 784                         flash_first_partition_index = i;
 785                 } else if (!strcmp(info->partitions[i].name, info->last_sysupgrade_partition)) {
 786                         flash_last_partition = &info->partitions[i];
 787                         flash_last_partition_index = i;
 788                 }
 789         }
 790
 791         assert(flash_first_partition && flash_last_partition);
 792         assert(flash_first_partition_index < flash_last_partition_index);
 793
 794         /** Find last partition from image to calculate needed size */
 795         for (i = 0; image_parts[i].name; i++) {
 796                 if (!strcmp(image_parts[i].name, info->last_sysupgrade_partition)) {
 797                         image_last_partition = &image_parts[i];
 798                         break;
 799                 }
 800         }
 801
 802         assert(image_last_partition);
 803
 804         *len = flash_last_partition->base - flash_first_partition->base + image_last_partition->size;
 805
 806         uint8_t *image = malloc(*len);
 807         if (!image)
 808                 error(1, errno, "malloc");
 809
 810         memset(image, 0xff, *len);
 811
 812         for (i = flash_first_partition_index; i <= flash_last_partition_index; i++) {
 813                 for (j = 0; image_parts[j].name; j++) {
 814                         if (!strcmp(info->partitions[i].name, image_parts[j].name)) {
 815                                 if (image_parts[j].size > info->partitions[i].size)
 816                                         error(1, 0, "%s partition too big (more than %u bytes)", info->partitions[i].name, (unsigned)info->partitions[i].size);
 817                                 memcpy(image + info->partitions[i].base - flash_first_partition->base, image_parts[j].data, image_parts[j].size);
 818                                 break;
 819                         }
 820
 821                         assert(image_parts[j].name);
 822                 }
 823         }
 824
 825         return image;
 826 }
 827
 828 /** Generates an image according to a given layout and writes it to a file */
 829 static void build_image(const char *output,
 830                 const char *kernel_image,
 831                 const char *rootfs_image,
 832                 uint32_t rev,
 833                 bool add_jffs2_eof,
 834                 bool sysupgrade,
 835                 const struct device_info *info) {
 836         struct image_partition_entry parts[6] = {};
 837
 838         parts[0] = make_partition_table(info->partitions);
 839         parts[1] = make_soft_version(rev);
 840         parts[2] = make_support_list(info);
 841         parts[3] = read_file("os-image", kernel_image, false);
 842         parts[4] = read_file("file-system", rootfs_image, add_jffs2_eof);
 843
 844         size_t len;
 845         void *image;
 846         if (sysupgrade)
 847                 image = generate_sysupgrade_image(info, parts, &len);
 848         else
 849                 image = generate_factory_image(info, parts, &len);
 850
 851         FILE *file = fopen(output, "wb");
 852         if (!file)
 853                 error(1, errno, "unable to open output file");
 854
 855         if (fwrite(image, len, 1, file) != 1)
 856                 error(1, 0, "unable to write output file");
 857
 858         fclose(file);
 859
 860         free(image);
 861
 862         size_t i;
 863         for (i = 0; parts[i].name; i++)
 864                 free_image_partition(parts[i]);
 865 }
 866
 867 /** Usage output */
 868 static void usage(const char *argv0) {
 869         fprintf(stderr,
 870                 "Usage: %s [OPTIONS...]\n"
 871                 "\n"
 872                 "Options:\n"
 873                 "  -B <board>      create image for the board specified with <board>\n"
 874                 "  -k <file>       read kernel image from the file <file>\n"
 875                 "  -r <file>       read rootfs image from the file <file>\n"
 876                 "  -o <file>       write output to the file <file>\n"
 877                 "  -V <rev>        sets the revision number to <rev>\n"
 878                 "  -j              add jffs2 end-of-filesystem markers\n"
 879                 "  -S              create sysupgrade instead of factory image\n"
 880                 "  -h              show this help\n",
 881                 argv0
 882         );
 883 };
 884
 885
 886 static const struct device_info *find_board(const char *id)
 887 {
 888         struct device_info *board = NULL;
 889
 890         for (board = boards; board->id != NULL; board++)
 891                 if (strcasecmp(id, board->id) == 0)
 892                         return board;
 893
 894         return NULL;
 895 }
 896
 897 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 898         const char *board = NULL, *kernel_image = NULL, *rootfs_image = NULL, *output = NULL;
 899         bool add_jffs2_eof = false, sysupgrade = false;
 900         unsigned rev = 0;
 901         const struct device_info *info;
 902
 903         while (true) {
 904                 int c;
 905
 906                 c = getopt(argc, argv, "B:k:r:o:V:jSh");
 907                 if (c == -1)
 908                         break;
 909
 910                 switch (c) {
 911                 case 'B':
 912                         board = optarg;
 913                         break;
 914
 915                 case 'k':
 916                         kernel_image = optarg;
 917                         break;
 918
 919                 case 'r':
 920                         rootfs_image = optarg;
 921                         break;
 922
 923                 case 'o':
 924                         output = optarg;
 925                         break;
 926
 927                 case 'V':
 928                         sscanf(optarg, "r%u", &rev);
 929                         break;
 930
 931                 case 'j':
 932                         add_jffs2_eof = true;
 933                         break;
 934
 935                 case 'S':
 936                         sysupgrade = true;
 937                         break;
 938
 939                 case 'h':
 940                         usage(argv[0]);
 941                         return 0;
 942
 943                 default:
 944                         usage(argv[0]);
 945                         return 1;
 946                 }
 947         }
 948
 949         if (!board)
 950                 error(1, 0, "no board has been specified");
 951         if (!kernel_image)
 952                 error(1, 0, "no kernel image has been specified");
 953         if (!rootfs_image)
 954                 error(1, 0, "no rootfs image has been specified");
 955         if (!output)
 956                 error(1, 0, "no output filename has been specified");
 957
 958         info = find_board(board);
 959
 960         if (info == NULL)
 961                 error(1, 0, "unsupported board %s", board);
 962
 963         build_image(output, kernel_image, rootfs_image, rev, add_jffs2_eof, sysupgrade, info);
 964
 965         return 0;
 966 }