2 * Copyright (C) 2009 Gabor Juhos <juhosg@openwrt.org>
4 * This tool was based on:
5 * TP-Link WR941 V2 firmware checksum fixing tool.
6 * Copyright (C) 2008,2009 Wang Jian <lark@linux.net.cn>
8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published
10 * by the Free Software Foundation.
18 #include <unistd.h> /* for unlink() */
20 #include <getopt.h> /* for getopt() */
27 #include <arpa/inet.h>
28 #include <netinet/in.h>
31 #include "mktplinkfw-lib.h"
33 #define HEADER_VERSION_V1 0x01000000
34 #define HEADER_VERSION_V2 0x02000000
37 uint32_t version; /* header version */
40 uint32_t hw_id; /* hardware id */
41 uint32_t hw_rev; /* hardware revision */
42 uint32_t region_code; /* region code */
43 uint8_t md5sum1[MD5SUM_LEN];
45 uint8_t md5sum2[MD5SUM_LEN];
47 uint32_t kernel_la; /* kernel load address */
48 uint32_t kernel_ep; /* kernel entry point */
49 uint32_t fw_length; /* total length of the firmware */
50 uint32_t kernel_ofs; /* kernel data offset */
51 uint32_t kernel_len; /* kernel data length */
52 uint32_t rootfs_ofs; /* rootfs data offset */
53 uint32_t rootfs_len; /* rootfs data length */
54 uint32_t boot_ofs; /* bootloader data offset */
55 uint32_t boot_len; /* bootloader data length */
63 } __attribute__ ((packed));
76 static char *vendor = "TP-LINK Technologies";
77 static char *version = "ver. 1.0";
78 static char *fw_ver = "0.0.0";
79 static uint32_t hdr_ver = HEADER_VERSION_V1;
81 static char *layout_id;
82 struct flash_layout *layout;
83 static char *opt_hw_id;
84 static uint32_t hw_id;
85 static char *opt_hw_rev;
86 static uint32_t hw_rev;
87 static uint32_t opt_hdr_ver = 1;
89 static const struct fw_region *region;
91 static int fw_ver_mid;
93 struct file_info kernel_info;
94 static uint32_t kernel_la = 0;
95 static uint32_t kernel_ep = 0;
96 uint32_t kernel_len = 0;
97 struct file_info rootfs_info;
98 uint32_t rootfs_ofs = 0;
99 uint32_t rootfs_align;
100 static struct file_info boot_info;
104 static uint32_t fw_max_len;
105 static uint32_t reserved_space;
107 static struct file_info inspect_info;
108 static int extract = 0;
109 static bool endian_swap = false;
110 static bool rootfs_ofs_calc = false;
112 static const char md5salt_normal[MD5SUM_LEN] = {
113 0xdc, 0xd7, 0x3a, 0xa5, 0xc3, 0x95, 0x98, 0xfb,
114 0xdd, 0xf9, 0xe7, 0xf4, 0x0e, 0xae, 0x47, 0x38,
117 static const char md5salt_boot[MD5SUM_LEN] = {
118 0x8c, 0xef, 0x33, 0x5b, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0xce, 0xfa,
119 0xa7, 0x9c, 0x28, 0xda, 0xb2, 0xe9, 0x0f, 0x42,
122 static struct flash_layout layouts[] = {
125 .fw_max_len = 0x3c0000,
126 .kernel_la = 0x80060000,
127 .kernel_ep = 0x80060000,
128 .rootfs_ofs = 0x140000,
131 .fw_max_len = 0x3c0000,
132 .kernel_la = 0x80060000,
133 .kernel_ep = 0x80060000,
134 .rootfs_ofs = 0x100000,
137 .fw_max_len = 0x7c0000,
138 .kernel_la = 0x80060000,
139 .kernel_ep = 0x80060000,
140 .rootfs_ofs = 0x140000,
143 .fw_max_len = 0x7c0000,
144 .kernel_la = 0x80060000,
145 .kernel_ep = 0x80060000,
146 .rootfs_ofs = 0x100000,
149 .fw_max_len = 0xf80000,
150 .kernel_la = 0x80060000,
151 .kernel_ep = 0x80060000,
152 .rootfs_ofs = 0x140000,
155 .fw_max_len = 0xf80000,
156 .kernel_la = 0x80060000,
157 .kernel_ep = 0x80060000,
158 .rootfs_ofs = 0x100000,
161 .fw_max_len = 0xf80000,
162 .kernel_la = 0x00000000 ,
163 .kernel_ep = 0xc0000000,
164 .rootfs_ofs = 0x2a0000,
166 /* terminating entry */
170 static const struct fw_region regions[] = {
171 /* Default region (universal) uses code 0 as well */
177 static const struct fw_region * find_region(const char *country) {
180 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(regions); i++) {
181 if (strcasecmp(regions[i].name, country) == 0)
188 static void usage(int status)
190 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [OPTIONS...]\n", progname);
194 " -c use combined kernel image\n"
195 " -e swap endianness in kernel load address and entry point\n"
196 " -E <ep> overwrite kernel entry point with <ep> (hexval prefixed with 0x)\n"
197 " -L <la> overwrite kernel load address with <la> (hexval prefixed with 0x)\n"
198 " -H <hwid> use hardware id specified with <hwid>\n"
199 " -W <hwrev> use hardware revision specified with <hwrev>\n"
200 " -C <country> set region code to <country>\n"
201 " -F <id> use flash layout specified with <id>\n"
202 " -k <file> read kernel image from the file <file>\n"
203 " -r <file> read rootfs image from the file <file>\n"
204 " -a <align> align the rootfs start on an <align> bytes boundary\n"
205 " -R <offset> overwrite rootfs offset with <offset> (hexval prefixed with 0x)\n"
206 " -O calculate rootfs offset for combined images\n"
207 " -o <file> write output to the file <file>\n"
208 " -s strip padding from the end of the image\n"
209 " -j add jffs2 end-of-filesystem markers\n"
210 " -N <vendor> set image vendor to <vendor>\n"
211 " -V <version> set image version to <version>\n"
212 " -v <version> set firmware version to <version>\n"
213 " -m <version> set header version to <version>\n"
214 " -i <file> inspect given firmware file <file>\n"
215 " -x extract kernel and rootfs while inspecting (requires -i)\n"
216 " -X <size> reserve <size> bytes in the firmware image (hexval prefixed with 0x)\n"
217 " -h show this screen\n"
223 static int check_options(void)
228 if (inspect_info.file_name) {
229 ret = get_file_stat(&inspect_info);
234 } else if (extract) {
235 ERR("no firmware for inspection specified");
239 if (opt_hw_id == NULL) {
240 ERR("hardware id not specified");
243 hw_id = strtoul(opt_hw_id, NULL, 0);
245 if (!combined && layout_id == NULL) {
246 ERR("flash layout is not specified");
251 hw_rev = strtoul(opt_hw_rev, NULL, 0);
256 region = find_region(country);
258 ERR("unknown region code \"%s\"", country);
264 if (!kernel_la || !kernel_ep) {
265 ERR("kernel loading address and entry point must be specified for combined image");
269 layout = find_layout(layouts, layout_id);
270 if (layout == NULL) {
271 ERR("unknown flash layout \"%s\"", layout_id);
276 kernel_la = layout->kernel_la;
278 kernel_ep = layout->kernel_ep;
280 rootfs_ofs = layout->rootfs_ofs;
282 if (reserved_space > layout->fw_max_len) {
283 ERR("reserved space is not valid");
288 if (kernel_info.file_name == NULL) {
289 ERR("no kernel image specified");
293 ret = get_file_stat(&kernel_info);
297 kernel_len = kernel_info.file_size;
300 fw_max_len = layout->fw_max_len - reserved_space;
302 if (rootfs_info.file_name == NULL) {
303 ERR("no rootfs image specified");
307 ret = get_file_stat(&rootfs_info);
312 kernel_len += sizeof(struct fw_header);
313 rootfs_ofs = ALIGN(kernel_len, rootfs_align);
314 kernel_len -= sizeof(struct fw_header);
316 DBG("rootfs offset aligned to 0x%u", rootfs_ofs);
318 exceed_bytes = kernel_len + rootfs_info.file_size - (fw_max_len - sizeof(struct fw_header));
319 if (exceed_bytes > 0) {
320 ERR("images are too big by %i bytes", exceed_bytes);
324 exceed_bytes = kernel_info.file_size - (rootfs_ofs - sizeof(struct fw_header));
325 if (exceed_bytes > 0) {
326 ERR("kernel image is too big by %i bytes", exceed_bytes);
330 exceed_bytes = rootfs_info.file_size - (fw_max_len - rootfs_ofs);
331 if (exceed_bytes > 0) {
332 ERR("rootfs image is too big by %i bytes", exceed_bytes);
338 if (ofname == NULL) {
339 ERR("no output file specified");
343 ret = sscanf(fw_ver, "%d.%d.%d", &fw_ver_hi, &fw_ver_mid, &fw_ver_lo);
345 ERR("invalid firmware version '%s'", fw_ver);
349 if (opt_hdr_ver == 1) {
350 hdr_ver = HEADER_VERSION_V1;
351 } else if (opt_hdr_ver == 2) {
352 hdr_ver = HEADER_VERSION_V2;
354 ERR("invalid header version '%u'", opt_hdr_ver);
361 void fill_header(char *buf, int len)
363 struct fw_header *hdr = (struct fw_header *)buf;
365 memset(hdr, 0, sizeof(struct fw_header));
367 hdr->version = htonl(hdr_ver);
368 strncpy(hdr->vendor_name, vendor, sizeof(hdr->vendor_name));
369 strncpy(hdr->fw_version, version, sizeof(hdr->fw_version));
370 hdr->hw_id = htonl(hw_id);
371 hdr->hw_rev = htonl(hw_rev);
373 hdr->kernel_la = htonl(kernel_la);
374 hdr->kernel_ep = htonl(kernel_ep);
375 hdr->kernel_ofs = htonl(sizeof(struct fw_header));
376 hdr->kernel_len = htonl(kernel_len);
379 if (boot_info.file_size == 0)
380 memcpy(hdr->md5sum1, md5salt_normal, sizeof(hdr->md5sum1));
382 memcpy(hdr->md5sum1, md5salt_boot, sizeof(hdr->md5sum1));
384 hdr->fw_length = htonl(layout->fw_max_len);
385 hdr->rootfs_ofs = htonl(rootfs_ofs);
386 hdr->rootfs_len = htonl(rootfs_info.file_size);
389 if (combined && rootfs_ofs_calc) {
390 hdr->rootfs_ofs = htonl(sizeof(struct fw_header) + kernel_len);
393 hdr->ver_hi = htons(fw_ver_hi);
394 hdr->ver_mid = htons(fw_ver_mid);
395 hdr->ver_lo = htons(fw_ver_lo);
398 hdr->region_code = htonl(region->code);
400 hdr->region_str1, sizeof(hdr->region_str1), "00000000;%02X%02X%02X%02X;",
401 region->name[0], region->name[1], region->name[2], region->name[3]
404 hdr->region_str2, sizeof(hdr->region_str2), "%02X%02X%02X%02X",
405 region->name[0], region->name[1], region->name[2], region->name[3]
410 hdr->kernel_la = bswap_32(hdr->kernel_la);
411 hdr->kernel_ep = bswap_32(hdr->kernel_ep);
415 get_md5(buf, len, hdr->md5sum1);
418 static int inspect_fw(void)
421 struct fw_header *hdr;
422 uint8_t md5sum[MD5SUM_LEN];
423 int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
425 buf = malloc(inspect_info.file_size);
427 ERR("no memory for buffer!\n");
431 ret = read_to_buf(&inspect_info, buf);
434 hdr = (struct fw_header *)buf;
436 inspect_fw_pstr("File name", inspect_info.file_name);
437 inspect_fw_phexdec("File size", inspect_info.file_size);
439 if ((ntohl(hdr->version) != HEADER_VERSION_V1) &&
440 (ntohl(hdr->version) != HEADER_VERSION_V2)) {
441 ERR("file does not seem to have V1/V2 header!\n");
445 inspect_fw_phexdec("Version 1 Header size", sizeof(struct fw_header));
447 memcpy(md5sum, hdr->md5sum1, sizeof(md5sum));
448 if (ntohl(hdr->boot_len) == 0)
449 memcpy(hdr->md5sum1, md5salt_normal, sizeof(md5sum));
451 memcpy(hdr->md5sum1, md5salt_boot, sizeof(md5sum));
452 get_md5(buf, inspect_info.file_size, hdr->md5sum1);
454 if (memcmp(md5sum, hdr->md5sum1, sizeof(md5sum))) {
455 inspect_fw_pmd5sum("Header MD5Sum1", md5sum, "(*ERROR*)");
456 inspect_fw_pmd5sum(" --> expected", hdr->md5sum1, "");
458 inspect_fw_pmd5sum("Header MD5Sum1", md5sum, "(ok)");
460 if (ntohl(hdr->unk2) != 0)
461 inspect_fw_phexdec("Unknown value 2", hdr->unk2);
462 inspect_fw_pmd5sum("Header MD5Sum2", hdr->md5sum2,
463 "(purpose yet unknown, unchecked here)");
464 if (ntohl(hdr->unk3) != 0)
465 inspect_fw_phexdec("Unknown value 3", hdr->unk3);
469 inspect_fw_pstr("Vendor name", hdr->vendor_name);
470 inspect_fw_pstr("Firmware version", hdr->fw_version);
471 inspect_fw_phex("Hardware ID", ntohl(hdr->hw_id));
472 inspect_fw_phex("Hardware Revision", ntohl(hdr->hw_rev));
473 inspect_fw_phex("Region code", ntohl(hdr->region_code));
477 inspect_fw_phexdec("Kernel data offset",
478 ntohl(hdr->kernel_ofs));
479 inspect_fw_phexdec("Kernel data length",
480 ntohl(hdr->kernel_len));
481 inspect_fw_phex("Kernel load address",
482 ntohl(hdr->kernel_la));
483 inspect_fw_phex("Kernel entry point",
484 ntohl(hdr->kernel_ep));
485 inspect_fw_phexdec("Rootfs data offset",
486 ntohl(hdr->rootfs_ofs));
487 inspect_fw_phexdec("Rootfs data length",
488 ntohl(hdr->rootfs_len));
489 inspect_fw_phexdec("Boot loader data offset",
490 ntohl(hdr->boot_ofs));
491 inspect_fw_phexdec("Boot loader data length",
492 ntohl(hdr->boot_len));
493 inspect_fw_phexdec("Total firmware length",
494 ntohl(hdr->fw_length));
502 filename = malloc(strlen(inspect_info.file_name) + 8);
503 sprintf(filename, "%s-kernel", inspect_info.file_name);
504 printf("Extracting kernel to \"%s\"...\n", filename);
505 fp = fopen(filename, "w");
507 if (!fwrite(buf + ntohl(hdr->kernel_ofs),
508 ntohl(hdr->kernel_len), 1, fp)) {
509 ERR("error in fwrite(): %s", strerror(errno));
513 ERR("error in fopen(): %s", strerror(errno));
517 filename = malloc(strlen(inspect_info.file_name) + 8);
518 sprintf(filename, "%s-rootfs", inspect_info.file_name);
519 printf("Extracting rootfs to \"%s\"...\n", filename);
520 fp = fopen(filename, "w");
522 if (!fwrite(buf + ntohl(hdr->rootfs_ofs),
523 ntohl(hdr->rootfs_len), 1, fp)) {
524 ERR("error in fwrite(): %s", strerror(errno));
528 ERR("error in fopen(): %s", strerror(errno));
539 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
541 int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
543 progname = basename(argv[0]);
548 c = getopt(argc, argv, "a:H:E:F:L:m:V:N:W:C:ci:k:r:R:o:OxX:ehsjv:");
554 sscanf(optarg, "0x%x", &rootfs_align);
560 sscanf(optarg, "0x%x", &kernel_ep);
572 sscanf(optarg, "0x%x", &kernel_la);
575 sscanf(optarg, "%u", &opt_hdr_ver);
590 kernel_info.file_name = optarg;
593 rootfs_info.file_name = optarg;
596 sscanf(optarg, "0x%x", &rootfs_ofs);
608 inspect_info.file_name = optarg;
623 sscanf(optarg, "0x%x", &reserved_space);
631 ret = check_options();
635 if (!inspect_info.file_name)
636 ret = build_fw(sizeof(struct fw_header));