tools/firmware-utils/src/mkdlinkfw.c

   1 /*
   2  * mkdlinkfw
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2018 Paweł Dembicki <paweldembicki@gmail.com>
   5  *
   6  * This tool is based on mktplinkfw.
   7  * Copyright (C) 2009 Gabor Juhos <juhosg@openwrt.org>
   8  * Copyright (C) 2008,2009 Wang Jian <lark@linux.net.cn>
   9  *
  10  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  11  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
  12  * Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
  13  * any later version.
  14  */
  15
  16 #include <stdio.h>
  17 #include <stdlib.h>
  18 #include <stdint.h>
  19 #include <string.h>
  20 #include <unistd.h>             /* for unlink() */
  21 #include <libgen.h>
  22 #include <getopt.h>             /* for getopt() */
  23 #include <stdarg.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <endian.h>
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <sys/stat.h>
  28 #include <zlib.h>               /*for crc32 */
  29
  30 #include "mkdlinkfw-lib.h"
  31
  32 /* ARM update header 2.0
  33  * used only in factory images to erase and flash selected area
  34  */
  35 struct auh_header {
  36         uint8_t rom_id[12];     /* 12-bit rom-id unique per router type */
  37         uint16_t derange;       /* used for scramble header */
  38         uint16_t image_checksum;        /* jboot_checksum of flashed data */
  39
  40         uint32_t space1;        /* zeros */
  41         uint32_t space2;        /* zeros */
  42         uint16_t space3;        /* zerosu */
  43         uint8_t lpvs;           /* must be 0x01 */
  44         uint8_t mbz;            /* bust be 0 */
  45         uint32_t time_stamp;    /* timestamp calculated in jboot way */
  46
  47         uint32_t erase_start;   /* erase start address */
  48         uint32_t erase_length;  /* erase length address */
  49         uint32_t data_offset;   /* data start address */
  50         uint32_t data_length;   /* data length address */
  51
  52         uint32_t space4;        /* zeros */
  53         uint32_t space5;        /* zeros */
  54         uint32_t space6;        /* zeros */
  55         uint32_t space7;        /* zeros */
  56
  57         uint16_t header_id;     /* magic 0x4842 */
  58         uint16_t header_version;        /* 0x02 for 2.0 */
  59         uint16_t space8;        /* zeros */
  60         uint8_t section_id;     /* section id */
  61         uint8_t image_info_type;        /* (?) 0x04 in factory images */
  62         uint32_t image_info_offset;     /* (?) zeros in factory images */
  63         uint16_t family_member; /* unique per router type */
  64         uint16_t header_checksum;       /* negated jboot_checksum of header data */
  65 };
  66
  67 struct stag_header {            /* used only of sch2 wrapped kernel data */
  68         uint8_t cmark;          /* in factory 0xFF ,in sysuograde must be the same as id */
  69         uint8_t id;             /* 0x04 */
  70         uint16_t magic;         /* magic 0x2B24 */
  71         uint32_t time_stamp;    /* timestamp calculated in jboot way */
  72         uint32_t image_length;  /* lentgh of kernel + sch2 header */
  73         uint16_t image_checksum;        /* negated jboot_checksum of sch2 + kernel */
  74         uint16_t tag_checksum;  /* negated jboot_checksum of stag header data */
  75 };
  76
  77 struct sch2_header {            /* used only in kernel partitions */
  78         uint16_t magic;         /* magic 0x2124 */
  79         uint8_t cp_type;        /* 0x00 for flat, 0x01 for jz, 0x02 for gzip, 0x03 for lzma */
  80         uint8_t version;        /* 0x02 for sch2 */
  81         uint32_t ram_addr;      /* ram entry address */
  82         uint32_t image_len;     /* kernel image length */
  83         uint32_t image_crc32;   /* kernel image crc */
  84         uint32_t start_addr;    /* ram start address */
  85         uint32_t rootfs_addr;   /* rootfs flash address */
  86         uint32_t rootfs_len;    /* rootfls length */
  87         uint32_t rootfs_crc32;  /* rootfs crc32 */
  88         uint32_t header_crc32;  /* sch2 header crc32, durring calculation this area is replaced by zero */
  89         uint16_t header_length; /* sch2 header length: 0x28 */
  90         uint16_t cmd_line_length;       /* cmd line length, known zeros */
  91 };
  92
  93 /* globals */
  94 static struct file_info inspect_info;
  95 struct file_info kernel_info;
  96 struct file_info rootfs_info;
  97 struct file_info image_info;
  98
  99 char *ofname;
 100 char *progname;
 101 uint32_t firmware_size;
 102 uint16_t family_member;
 103 char *rom_id[12] = { 0 };
 104 char image_type;
 105
 106 static void usage(int status)
 107 {
 108         fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [OPTIONS...]\n", progname);
 109         fprintf(stderr,
 110                 "\n"
 111                 "Options:\n"
 112                 "  -i <file>       inspect given firmware file <file>\n"
 113                 "  -f              set family member id (hexval prefixed with 0x)\n"
 114                 "  -F <file>       read image and convert it to FACTORY\n"
 115                 "  -k <file>       read kernel image from the file <file>\n"
 116                 "  -r <file>       read rootfs image from the file <file>\n"
 117                 "  -o <file>       write output to the file <file>\n"
 118                 "  -s <size>       set firmware partition size\n"
 119                 "  -m <version>    set rom id to <version> (12-bit string val: \"DLK*********\")\n"
 120                 "  -h              show this screen\n");
 121
 122         exit(status);
 123 }
 124
 125 void print_auh_header(struct auh_header *printed_header)
 126 {
 127         printf("\trom_id: %s\n"
 128                "\tderange: 0x%04X\n"
 129                "\timage_checksum: 0x%04X\n"
 130                "\tspace1: 0x%08X\n"
 131                "\tspace2: 0x%08X\n"
 132                "\tspace3: 0x%04X\n"
 133                "\tlpvs: 0x%02X\n"
 134                "\tmbz: 0x%02X\n"
 135                "\ttime_stamp: 0x%08X\n"
 136                "\terase_start: 0x%08X\n"
 137                "\terase_length: 0x%08X\n"
 138                "\tdata_offset: 0x%08X\n"
 139                "\tdata_length: 0x%08X\n"
 140                "\tspace4: 0x%08X\n"
 141                "\tspace5: 0x%08X\n"
 142                "\tspace6: 0x%08X\n"
 143                "\tspace7: 0x%08X\n"
 144                "\theader_id: 0x%04X\n"
 145                "\theader_version: 0x%02X\n"
 146                "\tspace8: 0x%04X\n"
 147                "\tsection_id: 0x%02X\n"
 148                "\timage_info_type: 0x%02X\n"
 149                "\timage_info_offset 0x%08X\n"
 150                "\tfamily_member: 0x%04X\n"
 151                "\theader_checksum: 0x%04X\n",
 152                printed_header->rom_id,
 153                printed_header->derange,
 154                printed_header->image_checksum,
 155                printed_header->space1,
 156                printed_header->space2,
 157                printed_header->space3,
 158                printed_header->lpvs,
 159                printed_header->mbz,
 160                printed_header->time_stamp,
 161                printed_header->erase_start,
 162                printed_header->erase_length,
 163                printed_header->data_offset,
 164                printed_header->data_length,
 165                printed_header->space4,
 166                printed_header->space5,
 167                printed_header->space6,
 168                printed_header->space7,
 169                printed_header->header_id,
 170                printed_header->header_version,
 171                printed_header->space8,
 172                printed_header->section_id,
 173                printed_header->image_info_type,
 174                printed_header->image_info_offset,
 175                printed_header->family_member, printed_header->header_checksum);
 176 }
 177
 178 void print_stag_header(struct stag_header *printed_header)
 179 {
 180         printf("\tcmark: 0x%02X\n"
 181                "\tid: 0x%02X\n"
 182                "\tmagic: 0x%04X\n"
 183                "\ttime_stamp: 0x%08X\n"
 184                "\timage_length: 0x%04X\n"
 185                "\timage_checksum: 0x%04X\n"
 186                "\ttag_checksum: 0x%04X\n",
 187                printed_header->cmark,
 188                printed_header->id,
 189                printed_header->magic,
 190                printed_header->time_stamp,
 191                printed_header->image_length,
 192                printed_header->image_checksum, printed_header->tag_checksum);
 193 }
 194
 195 void print_sch2_header(struct sch2_header *printed_header)
 196 {
 197         printf("\tmagic: 0x%04X\n"
 198                "\tcp_type: 0x%02X\n"
 199                "\tversion: 0x%02X\n"
 200                "\tram_addr: 0x%08X\n"
 201                "\timage_len: 0x%08X\n"
 202                "\timage_crc32: 0x%08X\n"
 203                "\tstart_addr: 0x%08X\n"
 204                "\trootfs_addr: 0x%08X\n"
 205                "\trootfs_len: 0x%08X\n"
 206                "\trootfs_crc32: 0x%08X\n"
 207                "\theader_crc32: 0x%08X\n"
 208                "\theader_length: 0x%04X\n"
 209                "\tcmd_line_length: 0x%04X\n",
 210                printed_header->magic,
 211                printed_header->cp_type,
 212                printed_header->version,
 213                printed_header->ram_addr,
 214                printed_header->image_len,
 215                printed_header->image_crc32,
 216                printed_header->start_addr,
 217                printed_header->rootfs_addr,
 218                printed_header->rootfs_len,
 219                printed_header->rootfs_crc32,
 220                printed_header->header_crc32,
 221                printed_header->header_length, printed_header->cmd_line_length);
 222 }
 223
 224 static int find_auh_headers(char *buf)
 225 {
 226         char *tmp_buf = buf;
 227         struct auh_header *tmp_header[MAX_HEADER_COUNTER];
 228         int header_counter = 0;
 229
 230         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 231
 232         while (tmp_buf - buf <= inspect_info.file_size - AUH_SIZE) {
 233                 if (!memcmp(tmp_buf, AUH_MAGIC, 3)) {
 234                         if (((struct auh_header *)tmp_buf)->header_checksum ==
 235                             (uint16_t) ~jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) tmp_buf,
 236                                                         AUH_SIZE - 2)) {
 237                                 uint16_t checksum = 0;
 238                                 printf("Find proper AUH header at: 0x%lX!\n",
 239                                        tmp_buf - buf);
 240                                 tmp_header[header_counter] =
 241                                     (struct auh_header *)tmp_buf;
 242                                 checksum =
 243                                     jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) ((char *)
 244                                                                     tmp_header
 245                                                                     [header_counter]
 246                                                                     + AUH_SIZE),
 247                                                    tmp_header
 248                                                    [header_counter]->data_length);
 249                                 if (tmp_header[header_counter]->image_checksum
 250                                     == checksum)
 251                                         printf("Image checksum ok.\n");
 252                                 else
 253                                         ERR("Image checksum incorrect! Stored: 0x%X Calculated: 0x%X\n", tmp_header[header_counter]->image_checksum, checksum);
 254                                 header_counter++;
 255                                 if (header_counter > MAX_HEADER_COUNTER)
 256                                         break;
 257                         }
 258                 }
 259                 tmp_buf++;
 260         }
 261
 262         if (header_counter == 0)
 263                 ERR("Can't find proper AUH header!\n");
 264         else if (header_counter > MAX_HEADER_COUNTER)
 265                 ERR("To many AUH headers!\n");
 266         else {
 267                 for (int i = 0; i < header_counter; i++) {
 268                         printf("AUH %d:\n", i);
 269                         print_auh_header(tmp_header[i]);
 270                 }
 271
 272                 ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 273         }
 274
 275         return ret;
 276 }
 277
 278 static int check_stag_header(char *buf, struct stag_header *header)
 279 {
 280
 281         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 282
 283         uint8_t cmark_tmp = header->cmark;
 284         header->cmark = header->id;
 285
 286         if (header->tag_checksum ==
 287             (uint16_t) ~jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) header,
 288                                         STAG_SIZE - 2)) {
 289                 uint16_t checksum = 0;
 290                 printf("Find proper STAG header at: 0x%lX!\n",
 291                        (char *)header - buf);
 292                 checksum =
 293                     jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) ((char *)header + STAG_SIZE),
 294                                    header->image_length);
 295                 if (header->image_checksum == checksum) {
 296                         printf("Image checksum ok.\n");
 297                         header->cmark = cmark_tmp;
 298                         print_stag_header(header);
 299                         ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 300                 } else
 301                         ERR("Image checksum incorrect! Stored: 0x%X Calculated: 0x%X\n", header->image_checksum, checksum);
 302         } else
 303                 ERR("STAG header checksum incorrect!");
 304
 305         header->cmark = cmark_tmp;
 306         return ret;
 307 }
 308
 309 static int check_sch2_header(char *buf, struct sch2_header *header)
 310 {
 311
 312         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 313
 314         uint32_t crc32_tmp = header->header_crc32;
 315         header->header_crc32 = 0;
 316
 317         if (crc32_tmp == crc32(0, (uint8_t *) header, header->header_length)) {
 318                 uint32_t crc32_val;
 319                 printf("Find proper SCH2 header at: 0x%lX!\n",
 320                        (char *)header - buf);
 321
 322                 crc32_val =
 323                     crc32(0, (uint8_t *) header + header->header_length,
 324                           header->image_len);
 325                 if (header->image_crc32 == crc32_val) {
 326                         printf("Kernel checksum ok.\n");
 327
 328                         header->header_crc32 = crc32_tmp;
 329                         print_sch2_header(header);
 330                         ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 331                 } else
 332                         ERR("Kernel checksum incorrect! Stored: 0x%X Calculated: 0x%X\n", header->image_crc32, crc32_val);
 333
 334         } else
 335                 ERR("SCH2 header checksum incorrect!");
 336
 337         header->header_crc32 = crc32_tmp;
 338         return ret;
 339 }
 340
 341 static int inspect_fw(void)
 342 {
 343         char *buf;
 344         struct stag_header *stag_header_kernel;
 345         struct sch2_header *sch2_header_kernel;
 346         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 347
 348         buf = malloc(inspect_info.file_size);
 349         if (!buf) {
 350                 ERR("no memory for buffer!\n");
 351                 goto out;
 352         }
 353
 354         ret = read_to_buf(&inspect_info, buf);
 355         if (ret)
 356                 goto out_free_buf;
 357
 358         ret = find_auh_headers(buf);
 359         if (ret)
 360                 goto out_free_buf;
 361
 362         stag_header_kernel = (struct stag_header *)(buf + AUH_SIZE);
 363
 364         ret = check_stag_header(buf, stag_header_kernel);
 365         if (ret)
 366                 goto out_free_buf;
 367
 368         sch2_header_kernel = (struct sch2_header *)(buf + AUH_SIZE + STAG_SIZE);
 369
 370         ret = check_sch2_header(buf, sch2_header_kernel);
 371         if (ret)
 372                 goto out_free_buf;
 373
 374  out_free_buf:
 375         free(buf);
 376  out:
 377         return ret;
 378 }
 379
 380 static int check_options(void)
 381 {
 382         int ret;
 383
 384         if (inspect_info.file_name) {
 385                 ret = get_file_stat(&inspect_info);
 386                 if (ret)
 387                         return ret;
 388
 389                 return 0;
 390         }
 391
 392         return 0;
 393 }
 394
 395 int fill_sch2(struct sch2_header *header, char *kernel_ptr, char *rootfs_ptr)
 396 {
 397
 398         header->magic = SCH2_MAGIC;
 399         header->cp_type = LZMA;
 400         header->version = SCH2_VER;
 401         header->ram_addr = RAM_LOAD_ADDR;
 402         header->image_len = kernel_info.file_size;
 403         header->image_crc32 = crc32(0, (uint8_t *) kernel_ptr, kernel_info.file_size);
 404         header->start_addr = RAM_ENTRY_ADDR;
 405         header->rootfs_addr =
 406             JBOOT_SIZE + STAG_SIZE + SCH2_SIZE + kernel_info.file_size;
 407         header->rootfs_len = rootfs_info.file_size;
 408         header->rootfs_crc32 = crc32(0, (uint8_t *) rootfs_ptr, rootfs_info.file_size);
 409         header->header_crc32 = 0;
 410         header->header_length = SCH2_SIZE;
 411         header->cmd_line_length = 0;
 412
 413         header->header_crc32 = crc32(0, (uint8_t *) header, header->header_length);
 414
 415         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 416 }
 417
 418 int fill_stag(struct stag_header *header, uint32_t length)
 419 {
 420         header->cmark = STAG_ID;
 421         header->id = STAG_ID;
 422         header->magic = STAG_MAGIC;
 423         header->time_stamp = jboot_timestamp();
 424         header->image_length = length + SCH2_SIZE;
 425         header->image_checksum =
 426             jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) ((char *)header + STAG_SIZE),
 427                            header->image_length);
 428         header->tag_checksum =
 429             ~jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) header, STAG_SIZE - 2);
 430
 431         if (image_type == FACTORY)
 432                 header->cmark = STAG_CMARK_FACTORY;
 433
 434         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 435 };
 436
 437 int fill_auh(struct auh_header *header, uint32_t length)
 438 {
 439         memcpy(header->rom_id, rom_id, 12);
 440         header->derange = 0;
 441         header->image_checksum =
 442             jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) ((char *)header + AUH_SIZE), length);
 443         header->space1 = 0;
 444         header->space2 = 0;
 445         header->space3 = 0;
 446         header->lpvs = AUH_LVPS;
 447         header->mbz = 0;
 448         header->time_stamp = jboot_timestamp();
 449         header->erase_start = JBOOT_SIZE;
 450         header->erase_length = firmware_size;
 451         header->data_offset = JBOOT_SIZE;
 452         header->data_length = length;
 453         header->space4 = 0;
 454         header->space5 = 0;
 455         header->space6 = 0;
 456         header->space7 = 0;
 457         header->header_id = AUH_HDR_ID;
 458         header->header_version = AUH_HDR_VER;
 459         header->space8 = 0;
 460         header->section_id = AUH_SEC_ID;
 461         header->image_info_type = AUH_INFO_TYPE;
 462         header->image_info_offset = 0;
 463         header->family_member = family_member;
 464         header->header_checksum =
 465             ~jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) header, AUH_SIZE - 2);
 466
 467         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 468 }
 469
 470 int build_fw(void)
 471 {
 472         char *buf;
 473         char *kernel_ptr;
 474         char *rootfs_ptr;
 475         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 476         int writelen;
 477
 478         struct stag_header *stag_header_kernel;
 479         struct sch2_header *sch2_header_kernel;
 480
 481         if (!kernel_info.file_name | !rootfs_info.file_name)
 482                 goto out;
 483
 484         ret = get_file_stat(&kernel_info);
 485         if (ret)
 486                 goto out;
 487         ret = get_file_stat(&rootfs_info);
 488         if (ret)
 489                 goto out;
 490
 491         buf = malloc(firmware_size);
 492         if (!buf) {
 493                 ERR("no memory for buffer\n");
 494                 goto out;
 495         }
 496
 497         if (rootfs_info.file_size + kernel_info.file_size + ALL_HEADERS_SIZE >
 498             firmware_size) {
 499                 ERR("data is bigger than firmware_size!\n");
 500                 goto out;
 501         }
 502
 503         memset(buf, 0xff, firmware_size);
 504
 505         stag_header_kernel = (struct stag_header *)buf;
 506
 507         sch2_header_kernel =
 508             (struct sch2_header *)((char *)stag_header_kernel + STAG_SIZE);
 509         kernel_ptr = (char *)sch2_header_kernel + SCH2_SIZE;
 510
 511         ret = read_to_buf(&kernel_info, kernel_ptr);
 512         if (ret)
 513                 goto out_free_buf;
 514
 515         rootfs_ptr = kernel_ptr + kernel_info.file_size;
 516
 517         ret = read_to_buf(&rootfs_info, rootfs_ptr);
 518         if (ret)
 519                 goto out_free_buf;
 520
 521         writelen = rootfs_ptr + rootfs_info.file_size - buf;
 522
 523         fill_sch2(sch2_header_kernel, kernel_ptr, rootfs_ptr);
 524         fill_stag(stag_header_kernel, kernel_info.file_size);
 525
 526         ret = write_fw(ofname, buf, writelen);
 527         if (ret)
 528                 goto out_free_buf;
 529
 530         ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 531
 532  out_free_buf:
 533         free(buf);
 534  out:
 535         return ret;
 536 }
 537
 538 int wrap_fw(void)
 539 {
 540         char *buf;
 541         char *image_ptr;
 542         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 543         int writelen;
 544
 545         struct auh_header *auh_header_kernel;
 546
 547         if (!image_info.file_name)
 548                 goto out;
 549
 550         ret = get_file_stat(&image_info);
 551         if (ret)
 552                 goto out;
 553
 554         buf = malloc(firmware_size);
 555         if (!buf) {
 556                 ERR("no memory for buffer\n");
 557                 goto out;
 558         }
 559
 560         if (image_info.file_size + AUH_SIZE >
 561             firmware_size) {
 562                 ERR("data is bigger than firmware_size!\n");
 563                 goto out;
 564         }
 565         if (!family_member) {
 566                 ERR("No family_member!\n");
 567                 goto out;
 568         }
 569         if (!(rom_id[0])) {
 570                 ERR("No rom_id!\n");
 571                 goto out;
 572         }
 573         memset(buf, 0xff, firmware_size);
 574
 575         image_ptr = (char *)(buf + AUH_SIZE);
 576
 577         ret = read_to_buf(&image_info, image_ptr);
 578         if (ret)
 579                 goto out_free_buf;
 580
 581         writelen = image_ptr + image_info.file_size - buf;
 582
 583         auh_header_kernel = (struct auh_header *)buf;
 584         fill_auh(auh_header_kernel, writelen - AUH_SIZE);
 585
 586         ret = write_fw(ofname, buf, writelen);
 587         if (ret)
 588                 goto out_free_buf;
 589
 590         ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 591
 592  out_free_buf:
 593         free(buf);
 594  out:
 595         return ret;
 596 }
 597
 598 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 599 {
 600         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 601
 602         progname = basename(argv[0]);
 603         image_type = SYSUPGRADE;
 604         family_member = 0;
 605         firmware_size = 0;
 606
 607         while (1) {
 608                 int c;
 609
 610                 c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:F:i:hk:m:o:r:s:");
 611                 if (c == -1)
 612                         break;
 613
 614                 switch (c) {
 615                 case 'f':
 616                         sscanf(optarg, "0x%hx", &family_member);
 617                         break;
 618                 case 'F':
 619                         image_info.file_name = optarg;
 620                         image_type = FACTORY;
 621                         break;
 622                 case 'i':
 623                         inspect_info.file_name = optarg;
 624                         break;
 625                 case 'k':
 626                         kernel_info.file_name = optarg;
 627                         break;
 628                 case 'm':
 629                         if (strlen(optarg) == 12)
 630                                 memcpy(rom_id, optarg, 12);
 631                         break;
 632                 case 'r':
 633                         rootfs_info.file_name = optarg;
 634                         break;
 635                 case 'o':
 636                         ofname = optarg;
 637                         break;
 638                 case 's':
 639                         sscanf(optarg, "0x%x", &firmware_size);
 640                         break;
 641                 default:
 642                         usage(EXIT_FAILURE);
 643                         break;
 644                 }
 645         }
 646
 647         ret = check_options();
 648         if (ret)
 649                 goto out;
 650
 651         if (!inspect_info.file_name) {
 652                 if (image_type == FACTORY)
 653                         ret = wrap_fw();
 654                 else
 655                         ret = build_fw();
 656                 }
 657         else
 658                 ret = inspect_fw();
 659
 660  out:
 661         return ret;
 662
 663 }