2 * A tiny 'top' utility.
4 * This is written specifically for the linux /proc/<PID>/stat(m)
7 * This reads the PIDs of all processes and their status and shows
8 * the status of processes (first ones that fit to screen) at given
12 * - At startup this changes to /proc, all the reads are then
15 * (C) Eero Tamminen <oak at welho dot com>
17 * Rewritten by Vladimir Oleynik (C) 2002 <dzo@simtreas.ru>
20 /* Original code Copyrights */
22 * Copyright (c) 1992 Branko Lankester
23 * Copyright (c) 1992 Roger Binns
24 * Copyright (C) 1994-1996 Charles L. Blake.
25 * Copyright (C) 1992-1998 Michael K. Johnson
27 * This reads the PIDs of all processes and their status and shows
28 * the status of processes (first ones that fit to screen) at given
32 * - At startup this changes to /proc, all the reads are then
35 * (C) Eero Tamminen <oak at welho dot com>
37 * Rewritten by Vladimir Oleynik (C) 2002 <dzo@simtreas.ru>
40 /* Original code Copyrights */
42 * Copyright (c) 1992 Branko Lankester
43 * Copyright (c) 1992 Roger Binns
44 * Copyright (C) 1994-1996 Charles L. Blake.
45 * Copyright (C) 1992-1998 Michael K. Johnson
46 * May be distributed under the conditions of the
47 * GNU Library General Public License
50 #include <sys/types.h>
55 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
60 //#define FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE /* + 2k */
62 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
66 #include <netinet/in.h> /* htons */
70 typedef int (*cmp_t)(procps_status_t *P, procps_status_t *Q);
72 static procps_status_t *top; /* Hehe */
76 static int pid_sort (procps_status_t *P, procps_status_t *Q)
78 return (Q->pid - P->pid);
81 static int mem_sort (procps_status_t *P, procps_status_t *Q)
83 return (int)(Q->rss - P->rss);
86 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
89 static cmp_t sort_function[sort_depth];
91 static int pcpu_sort (procps_status_t *P, procps_status_t *Q)
93 return (Q->pcpu - P->pcpu);
96 static int time_sort (procps_status_t *P, procps_status_t *Q)
98 return (int)((Q->stime + Q->utime) - (P->stime + P->utime));
101 int mult_lvl_cmp(void* a, void* b) {
104 for(i = 0; i < sort_depth; i++) {
105 cmp_val = (*sort_function[i])(a, b);
112 /* This structure stores some critical information from one frame to
113 the next. mostly used for sorting. Added cumulative and resident fields. */
122 * Calculates percent cpu usage for each task.
125 static struct save_hist *save_history;
127 static unsigned long Hertz;
129 /***********************************************************************
130 * Some values in /proc are expressed in units of 1/HZ seconds, where HZ
131 * is the kernel clock tick rate. One of these units is called a jiffy.
132 * The HZ value used in the kernel may vary according to hacker desire.
133 * According to Linus Torvalds, this is not true. He considers the values
134 * in /proc as being in architecture-dependent units that have no relation
135 * to the kernel clock tick rate. Examination of the kernel source code
136 * reveals that opinion as wishful thinking.
138 * In any case, we need the HZ constant as used in /proc. (the real HZ value
139 * may differ, but we don't care) There are several ways we could get HZ:
141 * 1. Include the kernel header file. If it changes, recompile this library.
142 * 2. Use the sysconf() function. When HZ changes, recompile the C library!
143 * 3. Ask the kernel. This is obviously correct...
145 * Linus Torvalds won't let us ask the kernel, because he thinks we should
146 * not know the HZ value. Oh well, we don't have to listen to him.
147 * Someone smuggled out the HZ value. :-)
149 * This code should work fine, even if Linus fixes the kernel to match his
150 * stated behavior. The code only fails in case of a partial conversion.
154 #define FILE_TO_BUF(filename, fd) do{ \
155 if (fd == -1 && (fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY)) == -1) { \
156 bb_perror_msg_and_die("/proc not be mounted?"); \
158 lseek(fd, 0L, SEEK_SET); \
159 if ((local_n = read(fd, buf, sizeof buf - 1)) < 0) { \
160 bb_perror_msg_and_die("%s", filename); \
162 buf[local_n] = '\0'; \
165 #define FILE_TO_BUF2(filename, fd) do{ \
166 lseek(fd, 0L, SEEK_SET); \
167 if ((local_n = read(fd, buf, sizeof buf - 1)) < 0) { \
168 bb_perror_msg_and_die("%s", filename); \
170 buf[local_n] = '\0'; \
173 static void init_Hertz_value(void) {
174 unsigned long user_j, nice_j, sys_j, other_j; /* jiffies (clock ticks) */
175 double up_1, up_2, seconds;
176 unsigned long jiffies, h;
181 long smp_num_cpus = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF);
183 if(smp_num_cpus<1) smp_num_cpus=1;
187 FILE_TO_BUF("uptime", uptime_fd);
188 up_1 = strtod(buf, 0);
189 FILE_TO_BUF("stat", stat_fd);
190 sscanf(buf, "cpu %lu %lu %lu %lu", &user_j, &nice_j, &sys_j, &other_j);
191 FILE_TO_BUF2("uptime", uptime_fd);
192 up_2 = strtod(buf, 0);
193 } while((long)( (up_2-up_1)*1000.0/up_1 )); /* want under 0.1% error */
198 jiffies = user_j + nice_j + sys_j + other_j;
199 seconds = (up_1 + up_2) / 2;
200 h = (unsigned long)( (double)jiffies/seconds/smp_num_cpus );
201 /* actual values used by 2.4 kernels: 32 64 100 128 1000 1024 1200 */
203 case 30 ... 34 : Hertz = 32; break; /* ia64 emulator */
204 case 48 ... 52 : Hertz = 50; break;
205 case 58 ... 62 : Hertz = 60; break;
206 case 63 ... 65 : Hertz = 64; break; /* StrongARM /Shark */
207 case 95 ... 105 : Hertz = 100; break; /* normal Linux */
208 case 124 ... 132 : Hertz = 128; break; /* MIPS, ARM */
209 case 195 ... 204 : Hertz = 200; break; /* normal << 1 */
210 case 253 ... 260 : Hertz = 256; break;
211 case 295 ... 304 : Hertz = 300; break; /* 3 cpus */
212 case 393 ... 408 : Hertz = 400; break; /* normal << 2 */
213 case 495 ... 504 : Hertz = 500; break; /* 5 cpus */
214 case 595 ... 604 : Hertz = 600; break; /* 6 cpus */
215 case 695 ... 704 : Hertz = 700; break; /* 7 cpus */
216 case 790 ... 808 : Hertz = 800; break; /* normal << 3 */
217 case 895 ... 904 : Hertz = 900; break; /* 9 cpus */
218 case 990 ... 1010 : Hertz = 1000; break; /* ARM */
219 case 1015 ... 1035 : Hertz = 1024; break; /* Alpha, ia64 */
220 case 1095 ... 1104 : Hertz = 1100; break; /* 11 cpus */
221 case 1180 ... 1220 : Hertz = 1200; break; /* Alpha */
223 /* If 32-bit or big-endian (not Alpha or ia64), assume HZ is 100. */
224 Hertz = (sizeof(long)==sizeof(int) || htons(999)==999) ? 100UL : 1024UL;
228 static void do_stats(void)
231 static struct timeval oldtime;
232 struct timezone timez;
235 procps_status_t *cur;
236 int total_time, i, n;
237 static int prev_count;
238 int systime, usrtime, pid;
240 struct save_hist *New_save_hist;
243 * Finds the current time (in microseconds) and calculates the time
244 * elapsed since the last update.
246 gettimeofday(&t, &timez);
247 elapsed_time = (t.tv_sec - oldtime.tv_sec)
248 + (float) (t.tv_usec - oldtime.tv_usec) / 1000000.0;
249 oldtime.tv_sec = t.tv_sec;
250 oldtime.tv_usec = t.tv_usec;
252 New_save_hist = alloca(sizeof(struct save_hist)*ntop);
254 * Make a pass through the data to get stats.
256 for(n = 0; n < ntop; n++) {
260 * Calculate time in cur process. Time is sum of user time
261 * (usrtime) plus system time (systime).
263 systime = cur->stime;
264 usrtime = cur->utime;
266 total_time = systime + usrtime;
267 New_save_hist[n].ticks = total_time;
268 New_save_hist[n].pid = pid;
269 New_save_hist[n].stime = systime;
270 New_save_hist[n].utime = usrtime;
272 /* find matching entry from previous pass */
273 for (i = 0; i < prev_count; i++) {
274 if (save_history[i].pid == pid) {
275 total_time -= save_history[i].ticks;
276 systime -= save_history[i].stime;
277 usrtime -= save_history[i].utime;
283 * Calculate percent cpu time for cur task.
285 i = (total_time * 10 * 100/Hertz) / elapsed_time;
293 * Save cur frame's information.
296 save_history = memcpy(xmalloc(sizeof(struct save_hist)*n), New_save_hist,
297 sizeof(struct save_hist)*n);
299 qsort(top, n, sizeof(procps_status_t), (void*)mult_lvl_cmp);
302 static cmp_t sort_function;
303 #endif /* FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE */
305 /* display generic info (meminfo / loadavg) */
306 static unsigned long display_generic(void)
310 float avg1, avg2, avg3;
311 unsigned long total, used, mfree, shared, buffers, cached;
312 unsigned int needs_conversion = 1;
314 /* read memory info */
315 fp = bb_xfopen("meminfo", "r");
318 * Old kernels (such as 2.4.x) had a nice summary of memory info that
319 * we could parse, however this is gone entirely in 2.6. Try parsing
320 * the old way first, and if that fails, parse each field manually.
322 * First, we read in the first line. Old kernels will have bogus
323 * strings we don't care about, whereas new kernels will start right
327 if (fscanf(fp, "MemTotal: %lu %s\n", &total, buf) != 2) {
328 fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp); /* skip first line */
330 fscanf(fp, "Mem: %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu",
331 &total, &used, &mfree, &shared, &buffers, &cached);
334 * Revert to manual parsing, which incidentally already has the
335 * sizes in kilobytes. This should be safe for both 2.4 and
338 needs_conversion = 0;
340 fscanf(fp, "MemFree: %lu %s\n", &mfree, buf);
343 * MemShared: is no longer present in 2.6. Report this as 0,
344 * to maintain consistent behavior with normal procps.
346 if (fscanf(fp, "MemShared: %lu %s\n", &shared, buf) != 2)
349 fscanf(fp, "Buffers: %lu %s\n", &buffers, buf);
350 fscanf(fp, "Cached: %lu %s\n", &cached, buf);
352 used = total - mfree;
356 /* read load average */
357 fp = bb_xfopen("loadavg", "r");
358 if (fscanf(fp, "%f %f %f", &avg1, &avg2, &avg3) != 3) {
359 bb_error_msg_and_die("failed to read '%s'", "loadavg");
363 if (needs_conversion) {
364 /* convert to kilobytes */
373 /* output memory info and load average */
374 /* clear screen & go to top */
375 printf("\e[H\e[J" "Mem: "
376 "%ldK used, %ldK free, %ldK shrd, %ldK buff, %ldK cached\n",
377 used, mfree, shared, buffers, cached);
378 printf("Load average: %.2f, %.2f, %.2f "
379 "(State: S=sleeping R=running, W=waiting)\n",
385 /* display process statuses */
386 static void display_status(int count, int col)
388 procps_status_t *s = top;
390 unsigned long total_memory = display_generic();
392 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
393 /* what info of the processes is shown */
394 printf("\n\e[7m PID USER STATUS RSS PPID %%CPU %%MEM COMMAND\e[0m\n");
396 printf("\n\e[7m PID USER STATUS RSS PPID %%MEM COMMAND\e[0m\n");
400 char *namecmd = s->short_cmd;
403 pmem = 1000.0 * s->rss / total_memory;
404 if (pmem > 999) pmem = 999;
407 sprintf(rss_str_buf, "%6ldM", s->rss/1024);
409 sprintf(rss_str_buf, "%7ld", s->rss);
410 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
411 printf("%5d %-8s %s %s %5d %2d.%d %2u.%u ",
412 s->pid, s->user, s->state, rss_str_buf, s->ppid,
413 s->pcpu/10, s->pcpu%10, pmem/10, pmem%10);
415 printf("%5d %-8s %s %s %5d %2u.%u ",
416 s->pid, s->user, s->state, rss_str_buf, s->ppid,
419 if(strlen(namecmd) > col)
421 printf("%s\n", namecmd);
426 static void clearmems(void)
433 #if defined CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_TERMIOS
435 #include <sys/time.h>
439 static struct termios initial_settings;
441 static void reset_term(void)
443 tcsetattr(0, TCSANOW, (void *) &initial_settings);
444 #ifdef CONFIG_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP
446 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
449 #endif /* CONFIG_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP */
452 static void sig_catcher (int sig)
456 #endif /* CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_TERMIOS */
459 int top_main(int argc, char **argv)
461 int opt, interval, lines, col;
462 #if defined CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_TERMIOS
463 struct termios new_settings;
468 #endif /* CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_TERMIOS */
470 /* Default update rate is 5 seconds */
473 /* do normal option parsing */
474 while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "d:")) > 0) {
477 interval = atoi(optarg);
484 /* Default to 25 lines - 5 lines for status */
486 /* Default CMD format size */
487 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
492 /* change to /proc */
493 if (chdir("/proc") < 0) {
494 bb_perror_msg_and_die("chdir('/proc')");
496 #if defined CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_TERMIOS
497 tcgetattr(0, (void *) &initial_settings);
498 memcpy(&new_settings, &initial_settings, sizeof(struct termios));
499 new_settings.c_lflag &= ~(ISIG | ICANON); /* unbuffered input */
500 /* Turn off echoing */
501 new_settings.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ECHONL);
503 signal (SIGTERM, sig_catcher);
504 sigaction (SIGTERM, (struct sigaction *) 0, &sa);
505 sa.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART;
506 sa.sa_flags &= ~SA_INTERRUPT;
507 sigaction (SIGTERM, &sa, (struct sigaction *) 0);
508 sigaction (SIGINT, &sa, (struct sigaction *) 0);
509 tcsetattr(0, TCSANOW, (void *) &new_settings);
512 get_terminal_width_height(0, &col, &lines);
515 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
516 col = col - 80 + 35 - 6;
521 #endif /* CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_TERMIOS */
522 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
523 sort_function[0] = pcpu_sort;
524 sort_function[1] = mem_sort;
525 sort_function[2] = time_sort;
527 sort_function = mem_sort;
530 /* read process IDs & status for all the processes */
533 #ifdef CONFIG_SELINUX
534 while ((p = procps_scan(0, 0, NULL) ) != 0) {
536 while ((p = procps_scan(0)) != 0) {
540 top = xrealloc(top, (++ntop)*sizeof(procps_status_t));
541 memcpy(top + n, p, sizeof(procps_status_t));
544 bb_perror_msg_and_die("scandir('/proc')");
546 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
556 qsort(top, ntop, sizeof(procps_status_t), (void*)sort_function);
562 /* show status for each of the processes */
563 display_status(opt, col);
564 #if defined CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_TERMIOS
565 tv.tv_sec = interval;
568 FD_SET (0, &readfds);
569 select (1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
570 if (FD_ISSET (0, &readfds)) {
571 if (read (0, &c, 1) <= 0) { /* signal */
574 if(c == 'q' || c == initial_settings.c_cc[VINTR])
577 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
578 sort_function[0] = mem_sort;
579 sort_function[1] = pcpu_sort;
580 sort_function[2] = time_sort;
582 sort_function = mem_sort;
585 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
587 sort_function[0] = pcpu_sort;
588 sort_function[1] = mem_sort;
589 sort_function[2] = time_sort;
592 sort_function[0] = time_sort;
593 sort_function[1] = mem_sort;
594 sort_function[2] = pcpu_sort;
598 #ifdef FEATURE_CPU_USAGE_PERCENTAGE
599 sort_function[0] = pid_sort;
601 sort_function = pid_sort;
607 #endif /* CONFIG_FEATURE_USE_TERMIOS */