2 * mtd - simple memory technology device manipulation tool
4 * Copyright (C) 2005 Waldemar Brodkorb <wbx@dass-it.de>,
5 * Felix Fietkau <nbd@openwrt.org>
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
9 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
10 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 * GNU General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
22 * The code is based on the linux-mtd examples.
31 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
32 #include <sys/syscall.h>
38 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
39 #include <sys/types.h>
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <sys/mount.h>
43 #include <sys/reboot.h>
44 #include <linux/reboot.h>
49 #define JFFS2_DEFAULT_DIR "" /* directory name without /, empty means root dir */
52 uint32_t magic; /* "HDR0" */
53 uint32_t len; /* Length of file including header */
54 uint32_t crc32; /* 32-bit CRC from flag_version to end of file */
55 uint32_t flag_version; /* 0:15 flags, 16:31 version */
56 uint32_t offsets[3]; /* Offsets of partitions from start of header */
59 static char *buf = NULL;
60 static char *imagefile = NULL;
61 static char *jffs2file = NULL, *jffs2dir = JFFS2_DEFAULT_DIR;
62 static int buflen = 0;
67 int mtd_open(const char *mtd, bool block)
73 int flags = O_RDWR | O_SYNC;
75 if ((fp = fopen("/proc/mtd", "r"))) {
76 while (fgets(dev, sizeof(dev), fp)) {
77 if (sscanf(dev, "mtd%d:", &i) && strstr(dev, mtd)) {
78 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%s/%d", (block ? "block" : ""), i);
79 if ((ret=open(dev, flags))<0) {
80 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%s%d", (block ? "block" : ""), i);
90 return open(mtd, flags);
93 int mtd_check_open(const char *mtd)
95 struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
98 fd = mtd_open(mtd, false);
100 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
104 if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
105 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
109 mtdsize = mtdInfo.size;
110 erasesize = mtdInfo.erasesize;
115 int mtd_erase_block(int fd, int offset)
117 struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
119 mtdEraseInfo.start = offset;
120 mtdEraseInfo.length = erasesize;
121 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
122 if (ioctl (fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo) < 0) {
123 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing mtd failed.\n");
129 int mtd_write_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, int offset, int length)
131 lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
132 write(fd, buf, length);
138 image_check(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
142 ret = trx_check(imagefd, mtd, buf, &buflen);
147 static int mtd_check(const char *mtd)
151 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
156 buf = malloc(erasesize);
163 mtd_unlock(const char *mtd)
166 struct erase_info_user mtdLockInfo;
168 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
170 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
175 fprintf(stderr, "Unlocking %s ...\n", mtd);
177 mtdLockInfo.start = 0;
178 mtdLockInfo.length = mtdsize;
179 if(ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdLockInfo)) {
189 mtd_erase(const char *mtd)
192 struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
195 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing %s ...\n", mtd);
197 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
199 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
203 mtdEraseInfo.length = erasesize;
205 for (mtdEraseInfo.start = 0;
206 mtdEraseInfo.start < mtdsize;
207 mtdEraseInfo.start += erasesize) {
209 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
210 if(ioctl(fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo))
211 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to erase block on %s at 0x%x\n", mtd, mtdEraseInfo.start);
220 mtd_refresh(const char *mtd)
225 fprintf(stderr, "Refreshing mtd partition %s ... ", mtd);
227 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
229 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
233 if (ioctl(fd, MTDREFRESH, NULL)) {
234 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to refresh the MTD device\n");
241 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
247 mtd_write(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
252 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
254 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
259 fprintf(stderr, "Writing from %s to %s ... ", imagefile, mtd);
263 fprintf(stderr, " [ ]");
266 /* buffer may contain data already (from trx check) */
268 r = read(imagefd, buf + buflen, erasesize - buflen);
270 if ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN))
282 } while (buflen < erasesize);
288 if (memcmp(buf, JFFS2_EOF, sizeof(JFFS2_EOF)) == 0) {
290 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b ");
292 fprintf(stderr, "\nAppending jffs2 data to from %s to %s...", jffs2file, mtd);
293 /* got an EOF marker - this is the place to add some jffs2 data */
294 mtd_replace_jffs2(mtd, fd, e, jffs2file);
297 /* no EOF marker, make sure we figure out the last inode number
298 * before appending some data */
299 mtd_parse_jffs2data(buf, jffs2dir);
302 /* need to erase the next block before writing data to it */
303 while (w + buflen > e) {
305 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[e]");
307 mtd_erase_block(fd, e);
309 /* erase the chunk */
314 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[w]");
316 if ((result = write(fd, buf, buflen)) < buflen) {
318 fprintf(stderr, "Error writing image.\n");
321 fprintf(stderr, "Insufficient space.\n");
330 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b\b");
334 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
340 static void usage(void)
342 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: mtd [<options> ...] <command> [<arguments> ...] <device>\n\n"
343 "The device is in the format of mtdX (eg: mtd4) or its label.\n"
344 "mtd recognizes these commands:\n"
345 " unlock unlock the device\n"
346 " refresh refresh mtd partition\n"
347 " erase erase all data on device\n"
348 " write <imagefile>|- write <imagefile> (use - for stdin) to device\n"
349 " jffs2write <file> append <file> to the jffs2 partition on the device\n"
350 "Following options are available:\n"
351 " -q quiet mode (once: no [w] on writing,\n"
352 " twice: no status messages)\n"
353 " -r reboot after successful command\n"
354 " -f force write without trx checks\n"
355 " -e <device> erase <device> before executing the command\n"
356 " -d <name> directory for jffs2write, defaults to \"tmp\"\n"
357 " -j <name> integrate <file> into jffs2 data when writing an image\n"
359 "Example: To write linux.trx to mtd4 labeled as linux and reboot afterwards\n"
360 " mtd -r write linux.trx linux\n\n");
364 static void do_reboot(void)
366 fprintf(stderr, "Rebooting ...\n");
369 /* try regular reboot method first */
370 system("/sbin/reboot");
373 /* if we're still alive at this point, force the kernel to reboot */
374 syscall(SYS_reboot,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC1,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2,LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART,NULL);
377 int main (int argc, char **argv)
379 int ch, i, boot, imagefd = 0, force, unlocked;
380 char *erase[MAX_ARGS], *device = NULL;
395 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "frqe:d:j:")) != -1)
411 while ((erase[i] != NULL) && ((i + 1) < MAX_ARGS))
430 if ((strcmp(argv[0], "unlock") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
433 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "refresh") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
436 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "erase") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
439 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
443 if (strcmp(argv[1], "-") == 0) {
444 imagefile = "<stdin>";
448 if ((imagefd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
449 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open image file: %s!\n", imagefile);
454 if (!mtd_check(device)) {
455 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
458 /* check trx file before erasing or writing anything */
459 if (!image_check(imagefd, device) && !force) {
460 fprintf(stderr, "Image check failed.\n");
463 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "jffs2write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
464 cmd = CMD_JFFS2WRITE;
468 if (!mtd_check(device)) {
469 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
480 while (erase[i] != NULL) {
481 mtd_unlock(erase[i]);
483 if (strcmp(erase[i], device) == 0)
502 mtd_write(imagefd, device);
507 mtd_write_jffs2(device, imagefile, jffs2dir);