preparatory patch for -Wwrite-strings #2
[oweals/busybox.git] / networking / netstat.c
1 /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
2 /*
3  * Mini netstat implementation(s) for busybox
4  * based in part on the netstat implementation from net-tools.
5  *
6  * Copyright (C) 2002 by Bart Visscher <magick@linux-fan.com>
7  *
8  * 2002-04-20
9  * IPV6 support added by Bart Visscher <magick@linux-fan.com>
10  *
11  * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this tarball for details.
12  */
13
14 #include "busybox.h"
15 #include "inet_common.h"
16
17 #define NETSTAT_CONNECTED 0x01
18 #define NETSTAT_LISTENING 0x02
19 #define NETSTAT_NUMERIC   0x04
20 /* Must match getopt32 option string */
21 #define NETSTAT_TCP       0x10
22 #define NETSTAT_UDP       0x20
23 #define NETSTAT_RAW       0x40
24 #define NETSTAT_UNIX      0x80
25 #define NETSTAT_ALLPROTO  (NETSTAT_TCP|NETSTAT_UDP|NETSTAT_RAW|NETSTAT_UNIX)
26
27 static int flags = NETSTAT_CONNECTED | NETSTAT_ALLPROTO;
28
29 enum {
30         TCP_ESTABLISHED = 1,
31         TCP_SYN_SENT,
32         TCP_SYN_RECV,
33         TCP_FIN_WAIT1,
34         TCP_FIN_WAIT2,
35         TCP_TIME_WAIT,
36         TCP_CLOSE,
37         TCP_CLOSE_WAIT,
38         TCP_LAST_ACK,
39         TCP_LISTEN,
40         TCP_CLOSING /* now a valid state */
41 };
42
43 static const char * const tcp_state[] =
44 {
45         "",
46         "ESTABLISHED",
47         "SYN_SENT",
48         "SYN_RECV",
49         "FIN_WAIT1",
50         "FIN_WAIT2",
51         "TIME_WAIT",
52         "CLOSE",
53         "CLOSE_WAIT",
54         "LAST_ACK",
55         "LISTEN",
56         "CLOSING"
57 };
58
59 typedef enum {
60         SS_FREE = 0,     /* not allocated                */
61         SS_UNCONNECTED,  /* unconnected to any socket    */
62         SS_CONNECTING,   /* in process of connecting     */
63         SS_CONNECTED,    /* connected to socket          */
64         SS_DISCONNECTING /* in process of disconnecting  */
65 } socket_state;
66
67 #define SO_ACCEPTCON (1<<16)    /* performed a listen           */
68 #define SO_WAITDATA  (1<<17)    /* wait data to read            */
69 #define SO_NOSPACE   (1<<18)    /* no space to write            */
70
71 static const char *get_sname(int port, const char *proto, int num)
72 {
73         /* hummm, we return static buffer here!! */
74         const char *str = itoa(ntohs(port));
75         if (!num) {
76                 struct servent *se = getservbyport(port, proto);
77                 if (se)
78                         str = se->s_name;
79         }
80         if (!port) {
81                 str = "*";
82         }
83         return str;
84 }
85
86 static void snprint_ip_port(char *ip_port, int size, struct sockaddr *addr, int port, const char *proto, int numeric)
87 {
88         const char *port_name;
89
90 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
91         if (addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
92                 INET6_rresolve(ip_port, size, (struct sockaddr_in6 *)addr,
93                         (numeric & NETSTAT_NUMERIC) ? 0x0fff : 0);
94         } else
95 #endif
96         {
97                 INET_rresolve(ip_port, size, (struct sockaddr_in *)addr,
98                         0x4000 | ((numeric & NETSTAT_NUMERIC) ? 0x0fff : 0),
99                         0xffffffff);
100         }
101         port_name = get_sname(htons(port), proto, numeric);
102         if ((strlen(ip_port) + strlen(port_name)) > 22)
103                 ip_port[22 - strlen(port_name)] = '\0';
104         ip_port += strlen(ip_port);
105         strcat(ip_port, ":");
106         strcat(ip_port, port_name);
107 }
108
109 static void tcp_do_one(int lnr, const char *line)
110 {
111         char local_addr[64], rem_addr[64];
112         const char *state_str;
113         char more[512];
114         int num, local_port, rem_port, d, state, timer_run, uid, timeout;
115 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
116         struct sockaddr_in6 localaddr, remaddr;
117         char addr6[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
118         struct in6_addr in6;
119 #else
120         struct sockaddr_in localaddr, remaddr;
121 #endif
122         unsigned long rxq, txq, time_len, retr, inode;
123
124         if (lnr == 0)
125                 return;
126
127         more[0] = '\0';
128         num = sscanf(line,
129                                  "%d: %64[0-9A-Fa-f]:%X %64[0-9A-Fa-f]:%X %X %lX:%lX %X:%lX %lX %d %d %ld %512s\n",
130                                  &d, local_addr, &local_port,
131                                  rem_addr, &rem_port, &state,
132                                  &txq, &rxq, &timer_run, &time_len, &retr, &uid, &timeout, &inode, more);
133
134         if (strlen(local_addr) > 8) {
135 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
136                 sscanf(local_addr, "%08X%08X%08X%08X",
137                            &in6.s6_addr32[0], &in6.s6_addr32[1],
138                            &in6.s6_addr32[2], &in6.s6_addr32[3]);
139                 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6, addr6, sizeof(addr6));
140                 inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr6, (struct sockaddr *) &localaddr.sin6_addr);
141                 sscanf(rem_addr, "%08X%08X%08X%08X",
142                            &in6.s6_addr32[0], &in6.s6_addr32[1],
143                            &in6.s6_addr32[2], &in6.s6_addr32[3]);
144                 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6, addr6, sizeof(addr6));
145                 inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr6, (struct sockaddr *) &remaddr.sin6_addr);
146                 localaddr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
147                 remaddr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
148 #endif
149         } else {
150                 sscanf(local_addr, "%X",
151                            &((struct sockaddr_in *) &localaddr)->sin_addr.s_addr);
152                 sscanf(rem_addr, "%X",
153                            &((struct sockaddr_in *) &remaddr)->sin_addr.s_addr);
154                 ((struct sockaddr *) &localaddr)->sa_family = AF_INET;
155                 ((struct sockaddr *) &remaddr)->sa_family = AF_INET;
156         }
157
158         if (num < 10) {
159                 bb_error_msg("warning, got bogus tcp line");
160                 return;
161         }
162         state_str = tcp_state[state];
163         if ((rem_port && (flags & NETSTAT_CONNECTED))
164          || (!rem_port && (flags & NETSTAT_LISTENING))
165         ) {
166                 snprint_ip_port(local_addr, sizeof(local_addr),
167                                                 (struct sockaddr *) &localaddr, local_port,
168                                                 "tcp", flags & NETSTAT_NUMERIC);
169
170                 snprint_ip_port(rem_addr, sizeof(rem_addr),
171                                                 (struct sockaddr *) &remaddr, rem_port,
172                                                 "tcp", flags & NETSTAT_NUMERIC);
173
174                 printf("tcp   %6ld %6ld %-23s %-23s %-12s\n",
175                            rxq, txq, local_addr, rem_addr, state_str);
176         }
177 }
178
179 static void udp_do_one(int lnr, const char *line)
180 {
181         char local_addr[64], rem_addr[64];
182         const char *state_str;
183         char more[512];
184         int num, local_port, rem_port, d, state, timer_run, uid, timeout;
185 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
186         struct sockaddr_in6 localaddr, remaddr;
187         char addr6[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
188         struct in6_addr in6;
189 #else
190         struct sockaddr_in localaddr, remaddr;
191 #endif
192         unsigned long rxq, txq, time_len, retr, inode;
193
194         if (lnr == 0)
195                 return;
196
197         more[0] = '\0';
198         num = sscanf(line,
199                                  "%d: %64[0-9A-Fa-f]:%X %64[0-9A-Fa-f]:%X %X %lX:%lX %X:%lX %lX %d %d %ld %512s\n",
200                                  &d, local_addr, &local_port,
201                                  rem_addr, &rem_port, &state,
202                                  &txq, &rxq, &timer_run, &time_len, &retr, &uid, &timeout, &inode, more);
203
204         if (strlen(local_addr) > 8) {
205 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
206         /* Demangle what the kernel gives us */
207                 sscanf(local_addr, "%08X%08X%08X%08X",
208                            &in6.s6_addr32[0], &in6.s6_addr32[1],
209                            &in6.s6_addr32[2], &in6.s6_addr32[3]);
210                 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6, addr6, sizeof(addr6));
211                 inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr6, (struct sockaddr *) &localaddr.sin6_addr);
212                 sscanf(rem_addr, "%08X%08X%08X%08X",
213                            &in6.s6_addr32[0], &in6.s6_addr32[1],
214                            &in6.s6_addr32[2], &in6.s6_addr32[3]);
215                 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6, addr6, sizeof(addr6));
216                 inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr6, (struct sockaddr *) &remaddr.sin6_addr);
217                 localaddr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
218                 remaddr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
219 #endif
220         } else {
221                 sscanf(local_addr, "%X",
222                            &((struct sockaddr_in *) &localaddr)->sin_addr.s_addr);
223                 sscanf(rem_addr, "%X",
224                            &((struct sockaddr_in *) &remaddr)->sin_addr.s_addr);
225                 ((struct sockaddr *) &localaddr)->sa_family = AF_INET;
226                 ((struct sockaddr *) &remaddr)->sa_family = AF_INET;
227         }
228
229         if (num < 10) {
230                 bb_error_msg("warning, got bogus udp line");
231                 return;
232         }
233         switch (state) {
234                 case TCP_ESTABLISHED:
235                         state_str = "ESTABLISHED";
236                         break;
237
238                 case TCP_CLOSE:
239                         state_str = "";
240                         break;
241
242                 default:
243                         state_str = "UNKNOWN";
244                         break;
245         }
246
247 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
248 # define notnull(A) (((A.sin6_family == AF_INET6) &&            \
249                                          ((A.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0]) ||            \
250                                           (A.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1]) ||            \
251                                           (A.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]) ||            \
252                                           (A.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]))) ||          \
253                                         ((A.sin6_family == AF_INET) &&             \
254                                          ((struct sockaddr_in *) &A)->sin_addr.s_addr))
255 #else
256 # define notnull(A) (A.sin_addr.s_addr)
257 #endif
258         if ((notnull(remaddr) && (flags & NETSTAT_CONNECTED))
259          || (!notnull(remaddr) && (flags & NETSTAT_LISTENING))
260         ) {
261                 snprint_ip_port(local_addr, sizeof(local_addr),
262                                                 (struct sockaddr *) &localaddr, local_port,
263                                                 "udp", flags & NETSTAT_NUMERIC);
264
265                 snprint_ip_port(rem_addr, sizeof(rem_addr),
266                                                 (struct sockaddr *) &remaddr, rem_port,
267                                                 "udp", flags & NETSTAT_NUMERIC);
268
269                 printf("udp   %6ld %6ld %-23s %-23s %-12s\n",
270                            rxq, txq, local_addr, rem_addr, state_str);
271         }
272 }
273
274 static void raw_do_one(int lnr, const char *line)
275 {
276         char local_addr[64], rem_addr[64];
277         char *state_str, more[512];
278         int num, local_port, rem_port, d, state, timer_run, uid, timeout;
279 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
280         struct sockaddr_in6 localaddr, remaddr;
281         char addr6[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
282         struct in6_addr in6;
283 #else
284         struct sockaddr_in localaddr, remaddr;
285 #endif
286         unsigned long rxq, txq, time_len, retr, inode;
287
288         if (lnr == 0)
289                 return;
290
291         more[0] = '\0';
292         num = sscanf(line,
293                                  "%d: %64[0-9A-Fa-f]:%X %64[0-9A-Fa-f]:%X %X %lX:%lX %X:%lX %lX %d %d %ld %512s\n",
294                                  &d, local_addr, &local_port,
295                                  rem_addr, &rem_port, &state,
296                                  &txq, &rxq, &timer_run, &time_len, &retr, &uid, &timeout, &inode, more);
297
298         if (strlen(local_addr) > 8) {
299 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
300                 sscanf(local_addr, "%08X%08X%08X%08X",
301                            &in6.s6_addr32[0], &in6.s6_addr32[1],
302                            &in6.s6_addr32[2], &in6.s6_addr32[3]);
303                 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6, addr6, sizeof(addr6));
304                 inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr6, (struct sockaddr *) &localaddr.sin6_addr);
305                 sscanf(rem_addr, "%08X%08X%08X%08X",
306                            &in6.s6_addr32[0], &in6.s6_addr32[1],
307                            &in6.s6_addr32[2], &in6.s6_addr32[3]);
308                 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6, addr6, sizeof(addr6));
309                 inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr6, (struct sockaddr *) &remaddr.sin6_addr);
310                 localaddr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
311                 remaddr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
312 #endif
313         } else {
314                 sscanf(local_addr, "%X",
315                            &((struct sockaddr_in *) &localaddr)->sin_addr.s_addr);
316                 sscanf(rem_addr, "%X",
317                            &((struct sockaddr_in *) &remaddr)->sin_addr.s_addr);
318                 ((struct sockaddr *) &localaddr)->sa_family = AF_INET;
319                 ((struct sockaddr *) &remaddr)->sa_family = AF_INET;
320         }
321
322         if (num < 10) {
323                 bb_error_msg("warning, got bogus raw line");
324                 return;
325         }
326         state_str = itoa(state);
327
328 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
329 # define notnull(A) (((A.sin6_family == AF_INET6) &&            \
330                                          ((A.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0]) ||            \
331                                           (A.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1]) ||            \
332                                           (A.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]) ||            \
333                                           (A.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]))) ||          \
334                                         ((A.sin6_family == AF_INET) &&             \
335                                          ((struct sockaddr_in *) &A)->sin_addr.s_addr))
336 #else
337 # define notnull(A) (A.sin_addr.s_addr)
338 #endif
339         if ((notnull(remaddr) && (flags & NETSTAT_CONNECTED))
340          || (!notnull(remaddr) && (flags & NETSTAT_LISTENING))
341         ) {
342                 snprint_ip_port(local_addr, sizeof(local_addr),
343                                                 (struct sockaddr *) &localaddr, local_port,
344                                                 "raw", flags & NETSTAT_NUMERIC);
345
346                 snprint_ip_port(rem_addr, sizeof(rem_addr),
347                                                 (struct sockaddr *) &remaddr, rem_port,
348                                                 "raw", flags & NETSTAT_NUMERIC);
349
350                 printf("raw   %6ld %6ld %-23s %-23s %-12s\n",
351                            rxq, txq, local_addr, rem_addr, state_str);
352         }
353 }
354
355 #define HAS_INODE 1
356
357 static void unix_do_one(int nr, const char *line)
358 {
359         static int has = 0;
360         char path[PATH_MAX], ss_flags[32];
361         const char *ss_proto, *ss_state, *ss_type;
362         int num, state, type, inode;
363         void *d;
364         unsigned long refcnt, proto, unix_flags;
365
366         if (nr == 0) {
367                 if (strstr(line, "Inode"))
368                         has |= HAS_INODE;
369                 return;
370         }
371         path[0] = '\0';
372         num = sscanf(line, "%p: %lX %lX %lX %X %X %d %s",
373                                  &d, &refcnt, &proto, &unix_flags, &type, &state, &inode, path);
374         if (num < 6) {
375                 bb_error_msg("warning, got bogus unix line");
376                 return;
377         }
378         if (!(has & HAS_INODE))
379                 snprintf(path,sizeof(path),"%d",inode);
380
381         if ((flags & (NETSTAT_LISTENING|NETSTAT_CONNECTED)) != (NETSTAT_LISTENING|NETSTAT_CONNECTED)) {
382                 if ((state == SS_UNCONNECTED) && (unix_flags & SO_ACCEPTCON)) {
383                         if (!(flags & NETSTAT_LISTENING))
384                                 return;
385                 } else {
386                         if (!(flags & NETSTAT_CONNECTED))
387                                 return;
388                 }
389         }
390
391         switch (proto) {
392                 case 0:
393                         ss_proto = "unix";
394                         break;
395
396                 default:
397                         ss_proto = "??";
398         }
399
400         switch (type) {
401                 case SOCK_STREAM:
402                         ss_type = "STREAM";
403                         break;
404
405                 case SOCK_DGRAM:
406                         ss_type = "DGRAM";
407                         break;
408
409                 case SOCK_RAW:
410                         ss_type = "RAW";
411                         break;
412
413                 case SOCK_RDM:
414                         ss_type = "RDM";
415                         break;
416
417                 case SOCK_SEQPACKET:
418                         ss_type = "SEQPACKET";
419                         break;
420
421                 default:
422                         ss_type = "UNKNOWN";
423         }
424
425         switch (state) {
426                 case SS_FREE:
427                         ss_state = "FREE";
428                         break;
429
430                 case SS_UNCONNECTED:
431                         /*
432                          * Unconnected sockets may be listening
433                          * for something.
434                          */
435                         if (unix_flags & SO_ACCEPTCON) {
436                                 ss_state = "LISTENING";
437                         } else {
438                                 ss_state = "";
439                         }
440                         break;
441
442                 case SS_CONNECTING:
443                         ss_state = "CONNECTING";
444                         break;
445
446                 case SS_CONNECTED:
447                         ss_state = "CONNECTED";
448                         break;
449
450                 case SS_DISCONNECTING:
451                         ss_state = "DISCONNECTING";
452                         break;
453
454                 default:
455                         ss_state = "UNKNOWN";
456         }
457
458         strcpy(ss_flags, "[ ");
459         if (unix_flags & SO_ACCEPTCON)
460                 strcat(ss_flags, "ACC ");
461         if (unix_flags & SO_WAITDATA)
462                 strcat(ss_flags, "W ");
463         if (unix_flags & SO_NOSPACE)
464                 strcat(ss_flags, "N ");
465
466         strcat(ss_flags, "]");
467
468         printf("%-5s %-6ld %-11s %-10s %-13s ",
469                    ss_proto, refcnt, ss_flags, ss_type, ss_state);
470         if (has & HAS_INODE)
471                 printf("%-6d ",inode);
472         else
473                 printf("-      ");
474         puts(path);
475 }
476
477 #define _PATH_PROCNET_UDP "/proc/net/udp"
478 #define _PATH_PROCNET_UDP6 "/proc/net/udp6"
479 #define _PATH_PROCNET_TCP "/proc/net/tcp"
480 #define _PATH_PROCNET_TCP6 "/proc/net/tcp6"
481 #define _PATH_PROCNET_RAW "/proc/net/raw"
482 #define _PATH_PROCNET_RAW6 "/proc/net/raw6"
483 #define _PATH_PROCNET_UNIX "/proc/net/unix"
484
485 static void do_info(const char *file, const char *name, void (*proc)(int, const char *))
486 {
487         int lnr = 0;
488         FILE *procinfo;
489
490         procinfo = fopen(file, "r");
491         if (procinfo == NULL) {
492                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
493                         bb_perror_msg("%s", file);
494                 } else {
495                         bb_error_msg("no support for '%s' on this system", name);
496                 }
497                 return;
498         }
499         do {
500                 char *buffer = xmalloc_fgets(procinfo);
501                 if (buffer) {
502                         (proc)(lnr++, buffer);
503                         free(buffer);
504                 }
505         } while (!feof(procinfo));
506         fclose(procinfo);
507 }
508
509 /*
510  * Our main function.
511  */
512
513 int netstat_main(int argc, char **argv)
514 {
515         enum {
516                 OPT_extended = 0x4,
517                 OPT_showroute = 0x100,
518         };
519         unsigned opt;
520 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
521         int inet = 1;
522         int inet6 = 1;
523 #else
524         enum { inet = 1, inet6 = 0 };
525 #endif
526
527         /* Option string must match NETSTAT_xxx constants */
528         opt = getopt32(argc, argv, "laentuwxr");
529         if (opt & 0x1) { // -l
530                 flags &= ~NETSTAT_CONNECTED;
531                 flags |= NETSTAT_LISTENING;
532         }
533         if (opt & 0x2) flags |= NETSTAT_LISTENING | NETSTAT_CONNECTED; // -a
534         //if (opt & 0x4) // -e
535         if (opt & 0x8) flags |= NETSTAT_NUMERIC; // -n
536         //if (opt & 0x10) // -t: NETSTAT_TCP
537         //if (opt & 0x20) // -u: NETSTAT_UDP
538         //if (opt & 0x40) // -w: NETSTAT_RAW
539         //if (opt & 0x80) // -x: NETSTAT_UNIX
540         if (opt & OPT_showroute) { // -r
541 #if ENABLE_ROUTE
542                 bb_displayroutes(flags & NETSTAT_NUMERIC, !(opt & OPT_extended));
543                 return 0;
544 #else
545                 bb_error_msg_and_die("-r (display routing table) is not compiled in");
546 #endif
547         }
548
549         opt &= NETSTAT_ALLPROTO;
550         if (opt) {
551                 flags &= ~NETSTAT_ALLPROTO;
552                 flags |= opt;
553         }
554         if (flags & (NETSTAT_TCP|NETSTAT_UDP|NETSTAT_RAW)) {
555                 printf("Active Internet connections "); /* xxx */
556
557                 if ((flags & (NETSTAT_LISTENING|NETSTAT_CONNECTED)) == (NETSTAT_LISTENING|NETSTAT_CONNECTED))
558                         printf("(servers and established)");
559                 else if (flags & NETSTAT_LISTENING)
560                         printf("(only servers)");
561                 else
562                         printf("(w/o servers)");
563                 printf("\nProto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State\n");
564         }
565         if (inet && flags & NETSTAT_TCP)
566                 do_info(_PATH_PROCNET_TCP, "AF INET (tcp)", tcp_do_one);
567 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
568         if (inet6 && flags & NETSTAT_TCP)
569                 do_info(_PATH_PROCNET_TCP6, "AF INET6 (tcp)", tcp_do_one);
570 #endif
571         if (inet && flags & NETSTAT_UDP)
572                 do_info(_PATH_PROCNET_UDP, "AF INET (udp)", udp_do_one);
573 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
574         if (inet6 && flags & NETSTAT_UDP)
575                 do_info(_PATH_PROCNET_UDP6, "AF INET6 (udp)", udp_do_one);
576 #endif
577         if (inet && flags & NETSTAT_RAW)
578                 do_info(_PATH_PROCNET_RAW, "AF INET (raw)", raw_do_one);
579 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
580         if (inet6 && flags & NETSTAT_RAW)
581                 do_info(_PATH_PROCNET_RAW6, "AF INET6 (raw)", raw_do_one);
582 #endif
583         if (flags & NETSTAT_UNIX) {
584                 printf("Active UNIX domain sockets ");
585                 if ((flags & (NETSTAT_LISTENING|NETSTAT_CONNECTED)) == (NETSTAT_LISTENING|NETSTAT_CONNECTED))
586                         printf("(servers and established)");
587                 else if (flags & NETSTAT_LISTENING)
588                         printf("(only servers)");
589                 else
590                         printf("(w/o servers)");
591                 printf("\nProto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node Path\n");
592                 do_info(_PATH_PROCNET_UNIX, "AF UNIX", unix_do_one);
593         }
594         return 0;
595 }