1 /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
3 * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this source tree.
6 //config: bool "login (24 kb)"
8 //config: select FEATURE_SYSLOG
10 //config: login is used when signing onto a system.
12 //config: Note that busybox binary must be setuid root for this applet to
13 //config: work properly.
15 //config:config LOGIN_SESSION_AS_CHILD
16 //config: bool "Run logged in session in a child process"
17 //config: default y if PAM
18 //config: depends on LOGIN
20 //config: Run the logged in session in a child process. This allows
21 //config: login to clean up things such as utmp entries or PAM sessions
22 //config: when the login session is complete. If you use PAM, you
23 //config: almost always would want this to be set to Y, else PAM session
24 //config: will not be cleaned up.
26 //config:config LOGIN_SCRIPTS
27 //config: bool "Support login scripts"
28 //config: depends on LOGIN
31 //config: Enable this if you want login to execute $LOGIN_PRE_SUID_SCRIPT
32 //config: just prior to switching from root to logged-in user.
34 //config:config FEATURE_NOLOGIN
35 //config: bool "Support /etc/nologin"
37 //config: depends on LOGIN
39 //config: The file /etc/nologin is used by (some versions of) login(1).
40 //config: If it exists, non-root logins are prohibited.
42 //config:config FEATURE_SECURETTY
43 //config: bool "Support /etc/securetty"
45 //config: depends on LOGIN
47 //config: The file /etc/securetty is used by (some versions of) login(1).
48 //config: The file contains the device names of tty lines (one per line,
49 //config: without leading /dev/) on which root is allowed to login.
51 //applet:/* Needs to be run by root or be suid root - needs to change uid and gid: */
52 //applet:IF_LOGIN(APPLET(login, BB_DIR_BIN, BB_SUID_REQUIRE))
54 //kbuild:lib-$(CONFIG_LOGIN) += login.o
56 //usage:#define login_trivial_usage
57 //usage: "[-p] [-h HOST] [[-f] USER]"
58 //usage:#define login_full_usage "\n\n"
59 //usage: "Begin a new session on the system\n"
60 //usage: "\n -f Don't authenticate (user already authenticated)"
61 //usage: "\n -h HOST Host user came from (for network logins)"
62 //usage: "\n -p Preserve environment"
65 #include "common_bufsiz.h"
69 # include <selinux/selinux.h> /* for is_selinux_enabled() */
70 # include <selinux/get_context_list.h> /* for get_default_context() */
71 # /* from deprecated <selinux/flask.h>: */
72 # undef SECCLASS_CHR_FILE
73 # define SECCLASS_CHR_FILE 10
77 /* PAM may include <locale.h>. We may need to undefine bbox's stub define: */
79 /* For some obscure reason, PAM is not in pam/xxx, but in security/xxx.
80 * Apparently they like to confuse people. */
81 # include <security/pam_appl.h>
82 # include <security/pam_misc.h>
85 /* This supposedly can be used to avoid double password prompt,
86 * if used instead of standard misc_conv():
88 * "When we want to authenticate first with local method and then with tacacs for example,
89 * the password is asked for local method and if not good is asked a second time for tacacs.
90 * So if we want to authenticate a user with tacacs, and the user exists localy, the password is
91 * asked two times before authentication is accepted."
93 * However, code looks shaky. For example, why misc_conv() return value is ignored?
94 * Are msg[i] and resp[i] indexes handled correctly?
96 static char *passwd = NULL;
97 static int my_conv(int num_msg, const struct pam_message **msg,
98 struct pam_response **resp, void *data)
101 for (i = 0; i < num_msg; i++) {
102 switch (msg[i]->msg_style) {
103 case PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF:
104 if (passwd == NULL) {
105 misc_conv(num_msg, msg, resp, data);
106 passwd = xstrdup(resp[i]->resp);
110 resp[0] = xzalloc(sizeof(struct pam_response));
111 resp[0]->resp = passwd;
113 resp[0]->resp_retcode = PAM_SUCCESS;
126 static const struct pam_conv conv = {
134 EMPTY_USERNAME_COUNT = 10,
135 /* Some users found 32 chars limit to be too low: */
141 struct termios tty_attrs;
143 #define G (*(struct globals*)bb_common_bufsiz1)
144 #define INIT_G() do { setup_common_bufsiz(); } while (0)
147 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_NOLOGIN
148 static void die_if_nologin(void)
154 fp = fopen_for_read("/etc/nologin");
155 if (!fp) /* assuming it does not exist */
158 while ((c = getc(fp)) != EOF) {
165 puts("\r\nSystem closed for routine maintenance\r");
169 /* Users say that they do need this prior to exit: */
170 tcdrain(STDOUT_FILENO);
174 # define die_if_nologin() ((void)0)
178 static void initselinux(char *username, char *full_tty,
179 security_context_t *user_sid)
181 security_context_t old_tty_sid, new_tty_sid;
183 if (!is_selinux_enabled())
186 if (get_default_context(username, NULL, user_sid)) {
187 bb_error_msg_and_die("can't get SID for %s", username);
189 if (getfilecon(full_tty, &old_tty_sid) < 0) {
190 bb_perror_msg_and_die("getfilecon(%s) failed", full_tty);
192 if (security_compute_relabel(*user_sid, old_tty_sid,
193 SECCLASS_CHR_FILE, &new_tty_sid) != 0) {
194 bb_perror_msg_and_die("security_change_sid(%s) failed", full_tty);
196 if (setfilecon(full_tty, new_tty_sid) != 0) {
197 bb_perror_msg_and_die("chsid(%s, %s) failed", full_tty, new_tty_sid);
202 #if ENABLE_LOGIN_SCRIPTS
203 static void run_login_script(struct passwd *pw, char *full_tty)
207 t_argv[0] = getenv("LOGIN_PRE_SUID_SCRIPT");
210 xsetenv("LOGIN_TTY", full_tty);
211 xsetenv("LOGIN_USER", pw->pw_name);
212 xsetenv("LOGIN_UID", utoa(pw->pw_uid));
213 xsetenv("LOGIN_GID", utoa(pw->pw_gid));
214 xsetenv("LOGIN_SHELL", pw->pw_shell);
215 spawn_and_wait(t_argv); /* NOMMU-friendly */
216 unsetenv("LOGIN_TTY");
217 unsetenv("LOGIN_USER");
218 unsetenv("LOGIN_UID");
219 unsetenv("LOGIN_GID");
220 unsetenv("LOGIN_SHELL");
224 void run_login_script(struct passwd *pw, char *full_tty);
227 #if ENABLE_LOGIN_SESSION_AS_CHILD && ENABLE_PAM
228 static void login_pam_end(pam_handle_t *pamh)
232 pamret = pam_setcred(pamh, PAM_DELETE_CRED);
233 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
234 bb_error_msg("pam_%s failed: %s (%d)", "setcred",
235 pam_strerror(pamh, pamret), pamret);
237 pamret = pam_close_session(pamh, 0);
238 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
239 bb_error_msg("pam_%s failed: %s (%d)", "close_session",
240 pam_strerror(pamh, pamret), pamret);
242 pamret = pam_end(pamh, pamret);
243 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
244 bb_error_msg("pam_%s failed: %s (%d)", "end",
245 pam_strerror(pamh, pamret), pamret);
249 # define login_pam_end(pamh) ((void)0)
252 static void get_username_or_die(char *buf, int size_buf)
256 cntdown = EMPTY_USERNAME_COUNT;
258 print_login_prompt();
259 /* skip whitespace */
269 } while (isspace(c)); /* maybe isblank? */
272 if (!fgets(buf, size_buf-2, stdin))
274 if (!strchr(buf, '\n'))
276 while ((unsigned char)*buf > ' ')
281 static void motd(void)
285 fd = open(bb_path_motd_file, O_RDONLY);
288 bb_copyfd_eof(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
293 static void alarm_handler(int sig UNUSED_PARAM)
295 /* This is the escape hatch! Poor serial line users and the like
296 * arrive here when their connection is broken.
297 * We don't want to block here */
298 ndelay_on(STDOUT_FILENO);
299 /* Test for correct attr restoring:
300 * run "getty 0 -" from a shell, enter bogus username, stop at
301 * password prompt, let it time out. Without the tcsetattr below,
302 * when you are back at shell prompt, echo will be still off.
304 tcsetattr_stdin_TCSANOW(&G.tty_attrs);
305 printf("\r\nLogin timed out after %u seconds\r\n", TIMEOUT);
307 /* unix API is brain damaged regarding O_NONBLOCK,
308 * we should undo it, or else we can affect other processes */
309 ndelay_off(STDOUT_FILENO);
313 int login_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
314 int login_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
317 LOGIN_OPT_f = (1<<0),
318 LOGIN_OPT_h = (1<<1),
319 LOGIN_OPT_p = (1<<2),
322 char username[USERNAME_SIZE];
327 char *opt_host = NULL;
328 char *opt_user = opt_user; /* for compiler */
331 IF_SELINUX(security_context_t user_sid = NULL;)
336 const char *failed_msg;
337 struct passwd pwdstruct;
341 #if ENABLE_LOGIN_SESSION_AS_CHILD
347 /* More of suid paranoia if called by non-root: */
348 /* Clear dangerous stuff, set PATH */
349 run_by_root = !sanitize_env_if_suid();
351 /* Mandatory paranoia for suid applet:
352 * ensure that fd# 0,1,2 are opened (at least to /dev/null)
353 * and any extra open fd's are closed.
355 bb_daemon_helper(DAEMON_CLOSE_EXTRA_FDS);
358 opt = getopt32(argv, "f:h:p", &opt_user, &opt_host);
359 if (opt & LOGIN_OPT_f) {
361 bb_simple_error_msg_and_die("-f is for root only");
362 safe_strncpy(username, opt_user, sizeof(username));
365 if (argv[0]) /* user from command line (getty) */
366 safe_strncpy(username, argv[0], sizeof(username));
368 /* Save tty attributes - and by doing it, check that it's indeed a tty */
369 if (tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &G.tty_attrs) < 0
370 || !isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)
371 /*|| !isatty(STDERR_FILENO) - no, guess some people might want to redirect this */
373 return EXIT_FAILURE; /* Must be a terminal */
376 /* We install timeout handler only _after_ we saved G.tty_attrs */
377 signal(SIGALRM, alarm_handler);
380 /* Find out and memorize our tty name */
381 full_tty = xmalloc_ttyname(STDIN_FILENO);
383 full_tty = xstrdup("UNKNOWN");
384 short_tty = skip_dev_pfx(full_tty);
387 fromhost = xasprintf(" on '%s' from '%s'", short_tty, opt_host);
389 fromhost = xasprintf(" on '%s'", short_tty);
392 /* Was breaking "login <username>" from shell command line: */
395 openlog(applet_name, LOG_PID | LOG_CONS, LOG_AUTH);
398 /* flush away any type-ahead (as getty does) */
399 tcflush(0, TCIFLUSH);
402 get_username_or_die(username, sizeof(username));
405 pamret = pam_start("login", username, &conv, &pamh);
406 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
407 failed_msg = "start";
408 goto pam_auth_failed;
410 /* set TTY (so things like securetty work) */
411 pamret = pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_TTY, short_tty);
412 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
413 failed_msg = "set_item(TTY)";
414 goto pam_auth_failed;
418 pamret = pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_RHOST, opt_host);
419 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
420 failed_msg = "set_item(RHOST)";
421 goto pam_auth_failed;
424 if (!(opt & LOGIN_OPT_f)) {
425 pamret = pam_authenticate(pamh, 0);
426 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
427 failed_msg = "authenticate";
428 goto pam_auth_failed;
429 /* TODO: or just "goto auth_failed"
430 * since user seems to enter wrong password
431 * (in this case pamret == 7)
435 /* check that the account is healthy */
436 pamret = pam_acct_mgmt(pamh, 0);
437 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
438 failed_msg = "acct_mgmt";
439 goto pam_auth_failed;
443 /* gcc: "dereferencing type-punned pointer breaks aliasing rules..."
444 * thus we cast to (void*) */
445 if (pam_get_item(pamh, PAM_USER, (void*)&pamuser) != PAM_SUCCESS) {
446 failed_msg = "get_item(USER)";
447 goto pam_auth_failed;
449 if (!pamuser || !pamuser[0])
451 safe_strncpy(username, pamuser, sizeof(username));
452 /* Don't use "pw = getpwnam(username);",
453 * PAM is said to be capable of destroying static storage
454 * used by getpwnam(). We are using safe(r) function */
456 getpwnam_r(username, &pwdstruct, pwdbuf, sizeof(pwdbuf), &pw);
459 pamret = pam_open_session(pamh, 0);
460 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
461 failed_msg = "open_session";
462 goto pam_auth_failed;
464 pamret = pam_setcred(pamh, PAM_ESTABLISH_CRED);
465 if (pamret != PAM_SUCCESS) {
466 failed_msg = "setcred";
467 goto pam_auth_failed;
469 break; /* success, continue login process */
472 /* syslog, because we don't want potential attacker
473 * to know _why_ login failed */
474 syslog(LOG_WARNING, "pam_%s call failed: %s (%d)", failed_msg,
475 pam_strerror(pamh, pamret), pamret);
477 safe_strncpy(username, "UNKNOWN", sizeof(username));
479 pw = getpwnam(username);
481 strcpy(username, "UNKNOWN");
485 if (pw->pw_passwd[0] == '!' || pw->pw_passwd[0] == '*')
488 if (opt & LOGIN_OPT_f)
489 break; /* -f USER: success without asking passwd */
491 if (pw->pw_uid == 0 && !is_tty_secure(short_tty))
494 /* Don't check the password if password entry is empty (!) */
495 if (!pw->pw_passwd[0])
498 /* Password reading and authorization takes place here.
499 * Note that reads (in no-echo mode) trash tty attributes.
500 * If we get interrupted by SIGALRM, we need to restore attrs.
502 if (ask_and_check_password(pw) > 0)
504 #endif /* ENABLE_PAM */
507 bb_do_delay(LOGIN_FAIL_DELAY);
508 /* TODO: doesn't sound like correct English phrase to me */
509 puts("Login incorrect");
511 syslog(LOG_WARNING, "invalid password for '%s'%s",
514 if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
523 /* We can ignore /etc/nologin if we are logging in as root,
524 * it doesn't matter whether we are run by root or not */
528 #if ENABLE_LOGIN_SESSION_AS_CHILD
530 if (child_pid != 0) {
532 bb_simple_perror_msg("vfork");
534 wait_for_exitstatus(child_pid);
535 update_utmp_DEAD_PROCESS(child_pid);
542 IF_SELINUX(initselinux(username, full_tty, &user_sid);)
544 /* Try these, but don't complain if they fail.
545 * _f_chown is safe wrt race t=ttyname(0);...;chown(t); */
546 fchown(0, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_gid);
549 update_utmp(getpid(), USER_PROCESS, short_tty, username, run_by_root ? opt_host : NULL);
551 /* We trust environment only if we run by root */
552 if (ENABLE_LOGIN_SCRIPTS && run_by_root)
553 run_login_script(pw, full_tty);
556 setup_environment(pw->pw_shell,
557 (!(opt & LOGIN_OPT_p) * SETUP_ENV_CLEARENV) + SETUP_ENV_CHANGEENV,
561 /* Modules such as pam_env will setup the PAM environment,
562 * which should be copied into the new environment. */
563 pamenv = pam_getenvlist(pamh);
564 if (pamenv) while (*pamenv) {
570 if (access(".hushlogin", F_OK) != 0)
574 syslog(LOG_INFO, "root login%s", fromhost);
576 if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
579 /* well, a simple setexeccon() here would do the job as well,
580 * but let's play the game for now */
581 IF_SELINUX(set_current_security_context(user_sid);)
583 // util-linux login also does:
584 // /* start new session */
586 // /* TIOCSCTTY: steal tty from other process group */
587 // if (ioctl(0, TIOCSCTTY, 1)) error_msg...
588 // BBox login used to do this (see above):
590 // If this stuff is really needed, add it and explain why!
592 /* Set signals to defaults */
593 /* Non-ignored signals revert to SIG_DFL on exec anyway */
594 /*signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);*/
596 /* Is this correct? This way user can ctrl-c out of /etc/profile,
597 * potentially creating security breach (tested with bash 3.0).
598 * But without this, bash 3.0 will not enable ctrl-c either.
599 * Maybe bash is buggy?
600 * Need to find out what standards say about /bin/login -
601 * should we leave SIGINT etc enabled or disabled? */
602 signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
604 /* Exec login shell with no additional parameters */
605 run_shell(pw->pw_shell, 1, NULL);
607 /* return EXIT_FAILURE; - not reached */