1 /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
3 * universal getopt_ulflags implementation for busybox
5 * Copyright (C) 2003-2005 Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10 * (at your option) any later version.
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 * General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
32 bb_getopt_ulflags (int argc, char **argv, const char *applet_opts, ...)
34 The command line options must be declared in const char
35 *applet_opts as a string of chars, for example:
37 flags = bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "rnug");
39 If one of the given options is found, a flag value is added to
40 the return value (an unsigned long).
42 The flag value is determined by the position of the char in
43 applet_opts string. For example, in the above case:
45 flags = bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "rnug");
47 "r" will add 1 (bit 0)
48 "n" will add 2 (bit 1)
50 "g" will add 8 (bit 3)
52 and so on. You can also look at the return value as a bit
53 field and each option sets one bit.
55 ":" If one of the options requires an argument, then add a ":"
56 after the char in applet_opts and provide a pointer to store
57 the argument. For example:
59 char *pointer_to_arg_for_a;
60 char *pointer_to_arg_for_b;
61 char *pointer_to_arg_for_c;
62 char *pointer_to_arg_for_d;
64 flags = bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "a:b:c:d:",
65 &pointer_to_arg_for_a, &pointer_to_arg_for_b,
66 &pointer_to_arg_for_c, &pointer_to_arg_for_d);
68 The type of the pointer (char* or llist_t*) may be controlled
69 by the "::" special separator that is set in the external string
70 bb_opt_complementally (see below for more info).
72 "+" If the first character in the applet_opts string is a plus,
73 then option processing will stop as soon as a non-option is
74 encountered in the argv array. Useful for applets like env
75 which should not process arguments to subprograms:
77 Here we want env to process just the '-i', not the '-d'.
79 const struct option *bb_applet_long_options
81 This struct allows you to define long options. The syntax for
82 declaring the array is just like that of getopt's longopts.
85 static const struct option applet_long_options[] = {
86 { "verbose", 0, 0, 'v' },
89 bb_applet_long_options = applet_long_options;
91 The last member of struct option (val) typically is set to
92 matching short option from applet_opts. If there is no matching
93 char in applet_opts, then:
94 - return bit have next position after short options
95 - if has_arg is not "no_argument", use ptr for arg also
96 - bb_opt_complementally affects it too
98 Note: a good applet will make long options configurable via the
99 config process and not a required feature. The current standard
100 is to name the config option CONFIG_FEATURE_<applet>_LONG_OPTIONS.
102 const char *bb_opt_complementally
103 this should be bb_opt_complementary, but we'll just keep it as
104 bb_opt_complementally due to the Russian origins
106 ":" The colon (":") is used to separate groups of two or more chars
107 and/or groups of chars and special characters (stating some
108 conditions to be checked).
110 "abc" If groups of two or more chars are specified, the first char
111 is the main option and the other chars are secondary options.
112 Their flags will be turned on if the main option is found even
113 if they are not specifed on the command line. For example:
115 bb_opt_complementally = "abc";
117 flags = bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "abcd")
119 If getopt() finds "-a" on the command line, then
120 bb_getopt_ulflags's return value will be as if "-a -b -c" were
123 "ww" Adjacent double options have a counter associated which indicates
124 the number of occurences of the option.
125 For example the ps applet needs:
126 if w is given once, GNU ps sets the width to 132,
127 if w is given more than once, it is "unlimited"
130 bb_opt_complementally = "ww";
131 bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "w", &w_counter);
134 width = (w_counter == 1) ? 132 : INT_MAX;
136 get_terminal_width(...&width...);
138 w_counter is a pointer to an integer. It has to be passed to
139 bb_getopt_ulflags() after all other option argument sinks.
140 For example: accept multiple -v to indicate the level of verbosity
141 and for each -b optarg, add optarg to my_b. Finally, if b is given,
142 turn off c and vice versa:
144 llist_t *my_b = NULL;
145 int verbose_level = 0;
146 bb_opt_complementally = "vv:b::b-c:c-b";
147 f = bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "vb:c", &my_b, &verbose_level);
148 if((f & 2)) // -c after -b unsets -b flag
149 while(my_b) { dosomething_with(my_b->data) ; my_b = my_b->link; }
150 if(my_b) // but llist is stored if -b is specified
152 if(verbose_level) bb_printf("verbose level is %d\n", verbose_level);
156 "-" A dash between two options causes the second of the two
157 to be unset (and ignored) if it is given on the command line.
159 [FIXME: what if they are the same? like "x-x"? Is it ever useful?]
162 The du applet has the options "-s" and "-d depth". If
163 bb_getopt_ulflags finds -s, then -d is unset or if it finds -d
164 then -s is unset. (Note: busybox implements the GNU
165 "--max-depth" option as "-d".) To obtain this behavior, you
166 set bb_opt_complementally = "s-d:d-s". Only one flag value is
167 added to bb_getopt_ulflags's return value depending on the
168 position of the options on the command line. If one of the
169 two options requires an argument pointer (":" in applet_opts
170 as in "d:") optarg is set accordingly.
172 char *smax_print_depth;
174 bb_opt_complementally = "s-d:d-s:x-x";
175 opt = bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "sd:x", &smax_print_depth);
178 max_print_depth = atoi(smax_print_depth);
180 printf("Detected odd -x usage\n");
182 "-" A dash as the first char in a bb_opt_complementally group forces
183 all arguments to be treated as options, even if they have
184 no leading dashes. Next char in this case can't be a digit (0-9),
185 use ':' or end of line. For example:
187 bb_opt_complementally = "-:w-x:x-w";
188 bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "wx");
190 Allows any arguments to be given without a dash (./program w x)
191 as well as with a dash (./program -x).
193 "-N" A dash as the first char in a bb_opt_complementally group followed
194 by a single digit (0-9) means that at least N non-option
195 arguments must be present on the command line
197 "V-" An option with dash before colon or end-of-line results in
198 bb_show_usage being called if this option is encountered.
199 This is typically used to implement "print verbose usage message
202 "--" A double dash between two options, or between an option and a group
203 of options, means that they are mutually exclusive. Unlike
204 the "-" case above, an error will be forced if the options
208 The cut applet must have only one type of list specified, so
209 -b, -c and -f are mutally exclusive and should raise an error
210 if specified together. In this case you must set
211 bb_opt_complementally = "b--cf:c--bf:f--bc". If two of the
212 mutually exclusive options are found, bb_getopt_ulflags's
213 return value will have the error flag set (BB_GETOPT_ERROR) so
214 that we can check for it:
216 if (flags & BB_GETOPT_ERROR)
219 "?" A "?" as the first char in a bb_opt_complementally group means:
220 if BB_GETOPT_ERROR is detected, don't return, call bb_show_usage
221 and exit instead. Next char after '?' can't be a digit.
223 "?N" A "?" as the first char in a bb_opt_complementally group followed
224 by a single digit (0-9) means that at most N arguments must be present
227 "::" A double colon after a char in bb_opt_complementally means that the
228 option can occur multiple times. Each occurrence will be saved as
229 a llist_t element instead of char*.
232 The grep applet can have one or more "-e pattern" arguments.
233 In this case you should use bb_getopt_ulflags() as follows:
235 llist_t *patterns = NULL;
237 (this pointer must be initializated to NULL if the list is empty
238 as required by *llist_add_to(llist_t *old_head, char *new_item).)
240 bb_opt_complementally = "e::";
242 bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "e:", &patterns);
243 $ grep -e user -e root /etc/passwd
244 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
245 user:x:500:500::/home/user:/bin/bash
247 "--" A double dash at the beginning of bb_opt_complementally means the
248 argv[1] string should always be treated as options, even if it isn't
249 prefixed with a "-". This is to support the special syntax in applets
250 such as "ar" and "tar":
253 "?" An "?" between an option and a group of options means that
254 at least one of them is required to occur if the first option
255 occurs in preceding command line arguments.
257 For example from "id" applet:
259 // Don't allow -n -r -rn -ug -rug -nug -rnug
260 bb_opt_complementally = "r?ug:n?ug:?u--g:g--u";
261 flags = bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "rnug");
263 This example allowed only:
264 $ id; id -u; id -g; id -ru; id -nu; id -rg; id -ng; id -rnu; id -rng
266 "X" A bb_opt_complementally group with just a single letter means
267 that this this option is required. If more than one such group exists,
268 at least one option is required to occur (not all of them).
269 For example from "start-stop-daemon" applet:
271 // Don't allow -KS -SK, but -S or -K is required
272 bb_opt_complementally = "K:S:?K--S:S--K";
273 flags = bb_getopt_ulflags(argc, argv, "KS...);
276 "x--x" give error if double or more used -x option
278 Don't forget to use ':'. For example "?322-22-23X-x-a" is interpreted as
279 "?3:22:-2:2-2:2-3Xa:2--x": max 3 args; count uses of '-2'; min 2 args;
280 if there is a '-2' option then unset '-3', '-X' and '-a'; if there is
281 a '-2' and after it a '-x' then error out.
285 /* this should be bb_opt_complementary, but we'll just keep it as
286 bb_opt_complementally due to the Russian origins */
287 const char *bb_opt_complementally;
292 unsigned long switch_on;
293 unsigned long switch_off;
294 unsigned long incongruously;
295 unsigned long requires;
296 void **optarg; /* char **optarg or llist_t **optarg */
300 /* You can set bb_applet_long_options for parse called long options */
302 static const struct option bb_default_long_options[] = {
303 /* { "help", 0, NULL, '?' }, */
307 const struct option *bb_applet_long_options = bb_default_long_options;
310 bb_getopt_ulflags (int argc, char **argv, const char *applet_opts, ...)
312 unsigned long flags = 0;
313 unsigned long requires = 0;
314 t_complementally complementally[sizeof(flags) * 8 + 1];
316 const unsigned char *s;
317 t_complementally *on_off;
319 const struct option *l_o;
320 unsigned long trigger;
327 #define SHOW_USAGE_IF_ERROR 1
328 #define ALL_ARGV_IS_OPTS 2
329 #define FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT 4
330 #define FREE_FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT 8
333 va_start (p, applet_opts);
336 on_off = complementally;
337 memset(on_off, 0, sizeof(complementally));
339 /* skip GNU extension */
340 s = (const unsigned char *)applet_opts;
341 if(*s == '+' || *s == '-')
344 if(c >= (int)(sizeof(flags)*8))
347 on_off->switch_on = (1 << c);
349 on_off->optarg = va_arg (p, void **);
358 for(l_o = bb_applet_long_options; l_o->name; l_o++) {
361 for(on_off = complementally; on_off->opt != 0; on_off++)
362 if(on_off->opt == l_o->val)
364 if(on_off->opt == 0) {
365 if(c >= (int)(sizeof(flags)*8))
367 on_off->opt = l_o->val;
368 on_off->switch_on = (1 << c);
369 if(l_o->has_arg != no_argument)
370 on_off->optarg = va_arg (p, void **);
374 for (s = (const unsigned char *)bb_opt_complementally; s && *s; s++) {
375 t_complementally *pair;
376 unsigned long *pair_switch;
382 if(c < '0' || c > '9') {
383 spec_flgs |= SHOW_USAGE_IF_ERROR;
391 if(c < '0' || c > '9') {
393 spec_flgs |= FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT;
396 spec_flgs |= ALL_ARGV_IS_OPTS;
403 for (on_off = complementally; on_off->opt; on_off++)
404 if (on_off->opt == *s)
406 if(c == ':' && s[2] == ':') {
410 if(c == ':' || c == '\0') {
411 requires |= on_off->switch_on;
414 if(c == '-' && (s[2] == ':' || s[2] == '\0')) {
415 flags |= on_off->switch_on;
416 on_off->incongruously |= on_off->switch_on;
421 on_off->counter = va_arg (p, int *);
425 pair_switch = &(pair->switch_on);
426 for(s++; *s && *s != ':'; s++) {
428 pair_switch = &(pair->requires);
429 } else if (*s == '-') {
430 if(pair_switch == &(pair->switch_off))
431 pair_switch = &(pair->incongruously);
433 pair_switch = &(pair->switch_off);
435 for (on_off = complementally; on_off->opt; on_off++)
436 if (on_off->opt == *s) {
437 *pair_switch |= on_off->switch_on;
446 #if defined(CONFIG_AR) || defined(CONFIG_TAR)
447 if((spec_flgs & FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT)) {
448 if(argv[1] && argv[1][0] != '-' && argv[1][0] != '\0') {
449 argv[1] = bb_xasprintf("-%s", argv[1]);
450 if(ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
451 spec_flgs |= FREE_FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT;
455 while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv, applet_opts,
456 bb_applet_long_options, NULL)) >= 0) {
460 for (on_off = complementally; on_off->opt != c; on_off++) {
461 /* c==0 if long opt have non NULL flag */
462 if(on_off->opt == 0 && c != 0)
465 if(flags & on_off->incongruously) {
466 if((spec_flgs & SHOW_USAGE_IF_ERROR))
468 flags |= BB_GETOPT_ERROR;
470 trigger = on_off->switch_on & on_off->switch_off;
471 flags &= ~(on_off->switch_off ^ trigger);
472 flags |= on_off->switch_on ^ trigger;
475 (*(on_off->counter))++;
476 if(on_off->list_flg) {
477 *(llist_t **)(on_off->optarg) =
478 llist_add_to(*(llist_t **)(on_off->optarg), optarg);
479 } else if (on_off->optarg) {
480 *(char **)(on_off->optarg) = optarg;
489 if((spec_flgs & ALL_ARGV_IS_OPTS)) {
490 /* process argv is option, for example "ps" applet */
492 pargv = argv + optind;
499 goto loop_arg_is_opt;
505 #if (defined(CONFIG_AR) || defined(CONFIG_TAR)) && \
506 defined(CONFIG_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
507 if((spec_flgs & FREE_FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT))
510 /* check depending requires for given options */
511 for (on_off = complementally; on_off->opt; on_off++) {
512 if(on_off->requires && (flags & on_off->switch_on) &&
513 (flags & on_off->requires) == 0)
516 if(requires && (flags & requires) == 0)
519 if(argc < min_arg || (max_arg >= 0 && argc > max_arg))