2 * Copyright © 2000-2010 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
3 * Steven J. Hill <sjhill@realitydiluted.com>
4 * Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
6 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
9 * Contains standard defines and IDs for NAND flash devices
14 #ifndef __LINUX_MTD_RAWNAND_H
15 #define __LINUX_MTD_RAWNAND_H
19 #include <linux/compat.h>
20 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
21 #include <linux/mtd/flashchip.h>
22 #include <linux/mtd/bbm.h>
23 #include <asm/cache.h>
26 struct nand_flash_dev;
29 /* Scan and identify a NAND device */
30 int nand_scan(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips);
32 * Separate phases of nand_scan(), allowing board driver to intervene
33 * and override command or ECC setup according to flash type.
35 int nand_scan_ident(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips,
36 struct nand_flash_dev *table);
37 int nand_scan_tail(struct mtd_info *mtd);
39 /* Free resources held by the NAND device */
40 void nand_release(struct mtd_info *mtd);
42 /* Internal helper for board drivers which need to override command function */
43 void nand_wait_ready(struct mtd_info *mtd);
46 * This constant declares the max. oobsize / page, which
47 * is supported now. If you add a chip with bigger oobsize/page
48 * adjust this accordingly.
50 #define NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE 1664
51 #define NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE 16384
54 * Constants for hardware specific CLE/ALE/NCE function
56 * These are bits which can be or'ed to set/clear multiple
59 /* Select the chip by setting nCE to low */
61 /* Select the command latch by setting CLE to high */
63 /* Select the address latch by setting ALE to high */
66 #define NAND_CTRL_CLE (NAND_NCE | NAND_CLE)
67 #define NAND_CTRL_ALE (NAND_NCE | NAND_ALE)
68 #define NAND_CTRL_CHANGE 0x80
71 * Standard NAND flash commands
73 #define NAND_CMD_READ0 0
74 #define NAND_CMD_READ1 1
75 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUT 5
76 #define NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG 0x10
77 #define NAND_CMD_READOOB 0x50
78 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE1 0x60
79 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS 0x70
80 #define NAND_CMD_SEQIN 0x80
81 #define NAND_CMD_RNDIN 0x85
82 #define NAND_CMD_READID 0x90
83 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE2 0xd0
84 #define NAND_CMD_PARAM 0xec
85 #define NAND_CMD_GET_FEATURES 0xee
86 #define NAND_CMD_SET_FEATURES 0xef
87 #define NAND_CMD_RESET 0xff
89 #define NAND_CMD_LOCK 0x2a
90 #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK1 0x23
91 #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK2 0x24
93 /* Extended commands for large page devices */
94 #define NAND_CMD_READSTART 0x30
95 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUTSTART 0xE0
96 #define NAND_CMD_CACHEDPROG 0x15
98 /* Extended commands for AG-AND device */
100 * Note: the command for NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 is really 0x00 but
101 * there is no way to distinguish that from NAND_CMD_READ0
102 * until the remaining sequence of commands has been completed
103 * so add a high order bit and mask it off in the command.
105 #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 0x100
106 #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE2 0x38
107 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_MULTI 0x71
108 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR 0x72
109 /* multi-bank error status (banks 0-3) */
110 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR0 0x73
111 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR1 0x74
112 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR2 0x75
113 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR3 0x76
114 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_RESET 0x7f
115 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_CLEAR 0xff
117 #define NAND_CMD_NONE -1
120 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL 0x01
121 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL_N1 0x02
122 #define NAND_STATUS_TRUE_READY 0x20
123 #define NAND_STATUS_READY 0x40
124 #define NAND_STATUS_WP 0x80
126 #define NAND_DATA_IFACE_CHECK_ONLY -1
129 * Constants for ECC_MODES
135 NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME,
136 NAND_ECC_HW_OOB_FIRST,
141 * Constants for Hardware ECC
143 /* Reset Hardware ECC for read */
144 #define NAND_ECC_READ 0
145 /* Reset Hardware ECC for write */
146 #define NAND_ECC_WRITE 1
147 /* Enable Hardware ECC before syndrome is read back from flash */
148 #define NAND_ECC_READSYN 2
151 * Enable generic NAND 'page erased' check. This check is only done when
152 * ecc.correct() returns -EBADMSG.
153 * Set this flag if your implementation does not fix bitflips in erased
154 * pages and you want to rely on the default implementation.
156 #define NAND_ECC_GENERIC_ERASED_CHECK BIT(0)
157 #define NAND_ECC_MAXIMIZE BIT(1)
159 * If your controller already sends the required NAND commands when
160 * reading or writing a page, then the framework is not supposed to
161 * send READ0 and SEQIN/PAGEPROG respectively.
163 #define NAND_ECC_CUSTOM_PAGE_ACCESS BIT(2)
165 /* Bit mask for flags passed to do_nand_read_ecc */
166 #define NAND_GET_DEVICE 0x80
170 * Option constants for bizarre disfunctionality and real
173 /* Buswidth is 16 bit */
174 #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 0x00000002
175 /* Device supports partial programming without padding */
176 #define NAND_NO_PADDING 0x00000004
177 /* Chip has cache program function */
178 #define NAND_CACHEPRG 0x00000008
179 /* Chip has copy back function */
180 #define NAND_COPYBACK 0x00000010
182 * Chip requires ready check on read (for auto-incremented sequential read).
183 * True only for small page devices; large page devices do not support
186 #define NAND_NEED_READRDY 0x00000100
188 /* Chip does not allow subpage writes */
189 #define NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE 0x00000200
191 /* Device is one of 'new' xD cards that expose fake nand command set */
192 #define NAND_BROKEN_XD 0x00000400
194 /* Device behaves just like nand, but is readonly */
195 #define NAND_ROM 0x00000800
197 /* Device supports subpage reads */
198 #define NAND_SUBPAGE_READ 0x00001000
201 * Some MLC NANDs need data scrambling to limit bitflips caused by repeated
204 #define NAND_NEED_SCRAMBLING 0x00002000
206 /* Device needs 3rd row address cycle */
207 #define NAND_ROW_ADDR_3 0x00004000
209 /* Options valid for Samsung large page devices */
210 #define NAND_SAMSUNG_LP_OPTIONS NAND_CACHEPRG
212 /* Macros to identify the above */
213 #define NAND_HAS_CACHEPROG(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_CACHEPRG))
214 #define NAND_HAS_SUBPAGE_READ(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_SUBPAGE_READ))
215 #define NAND_HAS_SUBPAGE_WRITE(chip) !((chip)->options & NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE)
217 /* Non chip related options */
218 /* This option skips the bbt scan during initialization. */
219 #define NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN 0x00010000
221 * This option is defined if the board driver allocates its own buffers
222 * (e.g. because it needs them DMA-coherent).
224 #define NAND_OWN_BUFFERS 0x00020000
225 /* Chip may not exist, so silence any errors in scan */
226 #define NAND_SCAN_SILENT_NODEV 0x00040000
228 * Autodetect nand buswidth with readid/onfi.
229 * This suppose the driver will configure the hardware in 8 bits mode
230 * when calling nand_scan_ident, and update its configuration
231 * before calling nand_scan_tail.
233 #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_AUTO 0x00080000
235 * This option could be defined by controller drivers to protect against
236 * kmap'ed, vmalloc'ed highmem buffers being passed from upper layers
238 #define NAND_USE_BOUNCE_BUFFER 0x00100000
240 /* Options set by nand scan */
241 /* bbt has already been read */
242 #define NAND_BBT_SCANNED 0x40000000
243 /* Nand scan has allocated controller struct */
244 #define NAND_CONTROLLER_ALLOC 0x80000000
246 /* Cell info constants */
247 #define NAND_CI_CHIPNR_MSK 0x03
248 #define NAND_CI_CELLTYPE_MSK 0x0C
249 #define NAND_CI_CELLTYPE_SHIFT 2
255 #define ONFI_FEATURE_16_BIT_BUS (1 << 0)
256 #define ONFI_FEATURE_EXT_PARAM_PAGE (1 << 7)
258 /* ONFI timing mode, used in both asynchronous and synchronous mode */
259 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_0 (1 << 0)
260 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_1 (1 << 1)
261 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_2 (1 << 2)
262 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_3 (1 << 3)
263 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_4 (1 << 4)
264 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_5 (1 << 5)
265 #define ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN (1 << 6)
267 /* ONFI feature address */
268 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ADDR_TIMING_MODE 0x1
270 /* Vendor-specific feature address (Micron) */
271 #define ONFI_FEATURE_ADDR_READ_RETRY 0x89
273 /* ONFI subfeature parameters length */
274 #define ONFI_SUBFEATURE_PARAM_LEN 4
276 /* ONFI optional commands SET/GET FEATURES supported? */
277 #define ONFI_OPT_CMD_SET_GET_FEATURES (1 << 2)
279 struct nand_onfi_params {
280 /* rev info and features block */
281 /* 'O' 'N' 'F' 'I' */
287 __le16 ext_param_page_length; /* since ONFI 2.1 */
288 u8 num_of_param_pages; /* since ONFI 2.1 */
291 /* manufacturer information block */
292 char manufacturer[12];
298 /* memory organization block */
299 __le32 byte_per_page;
300 __le16 spare_bytes_per_page;
301 __le32 data_bytes_per_ppage;
302 __le16 spare_bytes_per_ppage;
303 __le32 pages_per_block;
304 __le32 blocks_per_lun;
309 __le16 block_endurance;
310 u8 guaranteed_good_blocks;
311 __le16 guaranteed_block_endurance;
312 u8 programs_per_page;
319 /* electrical parameter block */
320 u8 io_pin_capacitance_max;
321 __le16 async_timing_mode;
322 __le16 program_cache_timing_mode;
327 __le16 src_sync_timing_mode;
328 u8 src_ssync_features;
329 __le16 clk_pin_capacitance_typ;
330 __le16 io_pin_capacitance_typ;
331 __le16 input_pin_capacitance_typ;
332 u8 input_pin_capacitance_max;
333 u8 driver_strength_support;
339 __le16 vendor_revision;
345 #define ONFI_CRC_BASE 0x4F4E
347 /* Extended ECC information Block Definition (since ONFI 2.1) */
348 struct onfi_ext_ecc_info {
352 __le16 block_endurance;
356 #define ONFI_SECTION_TYPE_0 0 /* Unused section. */
357 #define ONFI_SECTION_TYPE_1 1 /* for additional sections. */
358 #define ONFI_SECTION_TYPE_2 2 /* for ECC information. */
359 struct onfi_ext_section {
364 #define ONFI_EXT_SECTION_MAX 8
366 /* Extended Parameter Page Definition (since ONFI 2.1) */
367 struct onfi_ext_param_page {
369 u8 sig[4]; /* 'E' 'P' 'P' 'S' */
371 struct onfi_ext_section sections[ONFI_EXT_SECTION_MAX];
374 * The actual size of the Extended Parameter Page is in
375 * @ext_param_page_length of nand_onfi_params{}.
376 * The following are the variable length sections.
377 * So we do not add any fields below. Please see the ONFI spec.
381 struct nand_onfi_vendor_micron {
386 u8 dq_imped_num_settings;
387 u8 dq_imped_feat_addr;
388 u8 rb_pulldown_strength;
389 u8 rb_pulldown_strength_feat_addr;
390 u8 rb_pulldown_strength_num_settings;
393 u8 otp_data_prot_addr;
396 u8 read_retry_options;
401 struct jedec_ecc_info {
405 __le16 block_endurance;
410 #define JEDEC_FEATURE_16_BIT_BUS (1 << 0)
412 struct nand_jedec_params {
413 /* rev info and features block */
414 /* 'J' 'E' 'S' 'D' */
420 u8 num_of_param_pages;
423 /* manufacturer information block */
424 char manufacturer[12];
429 /* memory organization block */
430 __le32 byte_per_page;
431 __le16 spare_bytes_per_page;
433 __le32 pages_per_block;
434 __le32 blocks_per_lun;
438 u8 programs_per_page;
440 u8 multi_plane_op_attr;
443 /* electrical parameter block */
444 __le16 async_sdr_speed_grade;
445 __le16 toggle_ddr_speed_grade;
446 __le16 sync_ddr_speed_grade;
447 u8 async_sdr_features;
448 u8 toggle_ddr_features;
449 u8 sync_ddr_features;
453 __le16 t_r_multi_plane;
455 __le16 io_pin_capacitance_typ;
456 __le16 input_pin_capacitance_typ;
457 __le16 clk_pin_capacitance_typ;
458 u8 driver_strength_support;
462 /* ECC and endurance block */
463 u8 guaranteed_good_blocks;
464 __le16 guaranteed_block_endurance;
465 struct jedec_ecc_info ecc_info[4];
472 __le16 vendor_rev_num;
475 /* CRC for Parameter Page */
480 * struct nand_hw_control - Control structure for hardware controller (e.g ECC generator) shared among independent devices
481 * @lock: protection lock
482 * @active: the mtd device which holds the controller currently
483 * @wq: wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in
484 * progress used instead of the per chip wait queue
485 * when a hw controller is available.
487 struct nand_hw_control {
489 struct nand_chip *active;
493 * struct nand_ecc_step_info - ECC step information of ECC engine
494 * @stepsize: data bytes per ECC step
495 * @strengths: array of supported strengths
496 * @nstrengths: number of supported strengths
498 struct nand_ecc_step_info {
500 const int *strengths;
505 * struct nand_ecc_caps - capability of ECC engine
506 * @stepinfos: array of ECC step information
507 * @nstepinfos: number of ECC step information
508 * @calc_ecc_bytes: driver's hook to calculate ECC bytes per step
510 struct nand_ecc_caps {
511 const struct nand_ecc_step_info *stepinfos;
513 int (*calc_ecc_bytes)(int step_size, int strength);
516 /* a shorthand to generate struct nand_ecc_caps with only one ECC stepsize */
517 #define NAND_ECC_CAPS_SINGLE(__name, __calc, __step, ...) \
518 static const int __name##_strengths[] = { __VA_ARGS__ }; \
519 static const struct nand_ecc_step_info __name##_stepinfo = { \
520 .stepsize = __step, \
521 .strengths = __name##_strengths, \
522 .nstrengths = ARRAY_SIZE(__name##_strengths), \
524 static const struct nand_ecc_caps __name = { \
525 .stepinfos = &__name##_stepinfo, \
527 .calc_ecc_bytes = __calc, \
531 * struct nand_ecc_ctrl - Control structure for ECC
533 * @steps: number of ECC steps per page
534 * @size: data bytes per ECC step
535 * @bytes: ECC bytes per step
536 * @strength: max number of correctible bits per ECC step
537 * @total: total number of ECC bytes per page
538 * @prepad: padding information for syndrome based ECC generators
539 * @postpad: padding information for syndrome based ECC generators
540 * @options: ECC specific options (see NAND_ECC_XXX flags defined above)
541 * @layout: ECC layout control struct pointer
542 * @priv: pointer to private ECC control data
543 * @hwctl: function to control hardware ECC generator. Must only
544 * be provided if an hardware ECC is available
545 * @calculate: function for ECC calculation or readback from ECC hardware
546 * @correct: function for ECC correction, matching to ECC generator (sw/hw).
547 * Should return a positive number representing the number of
548 * corrected bitflips, -EBADMSG if the number of bitflips exceed
549 * ECC strength, or any other error code if the error is not
550 * directly related to correction.
551 * If -EBADMSG is returned the input buffers should be left
553 * @read_page_raw: function to read a raw page without ECC. This function
554 * should hide the specific layout used by the ECC
555 * controller and always return contiguous in-band and
556 * out-of-band data even if they're not stored
557 * contiguously on the NAND chip (e.g.
558 * NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME interleaves in-band and
560 * @write_page_raw: function to write a raw page without ECC. This function
561 * should hide the specific layout used by the ECC
562 * controller and consider the passed data as contiguous
563 * in-band and out-of-band data. ECC controller is
564 * responsible for doing the appropriate transformations
565 * to adapt to its specific layout (e.g.
566 * NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME interleaves in-band and
568 * @read_page: function to read a page according to the ECC generator
569 * requirements; returns maximum number of bitflips corrected in
570 * any single ECC step, 0 if bitflips uncorrectable, -EIO hw error
571 * @read_subpage: function to read parts of the page covered by ECC;
572 * returns same as read_page()
573 * @write_subpage: function to write parts of the page covered by ECC.
574 * @write_page: function to write a page according to the ECC generator
576 * @write_oob_raw: function to write chip OOB data without ECC
577 * @read_oob_raw: function to read chip OOB data without ECC
578 * @read_oob: function to read chip OOB data
579 * @write_oob: function to write chip OOB data
581 struct nand_ecc_ctrl {
582 nand_ecc_modes_t mode;
590 unsigned int options;
591 struct nand_ecclayout *layout;
593 void (*hwctl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode);
594 int (*calculate)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *dat,
596 int (*correct)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *dat, uint8_t *read_ecc,
598 int (*read_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
599 uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
600 int (*write_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
601 const uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
602 int (*read_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
603 uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
604 int (*read_subpage)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
605 uint32_t offs, uint32_t len, uint8_t *buf, int page);
606 int (*write_subpage)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
607 uint32_t offset, uint32_t data_len,
608 const uint8_t *data_buf, int oob_required, int page);
609 int (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
610 const uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page);
611 int (*write_oob_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
613 int (*read_oob_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
615 int (*read_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip, int page);
616 int (*write_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
620 static inline int nand_standard_page_accessors(struct nand_ecc_ctrl *ecc)
622 return !(ecc->options & NAND_ECC_CUSTOM_PAGE_ACCESS);
626 * struct nand_buffers - buffer structure for read/write
627 * @ecccalc: buffer pointer for calculated ECC, size is oobsize.
628 * @ecccode: buffer pointer for ECC read from flash, size is oobsize.
629 * @databuf: buffer pointer for data, size is (page size + oobsize).
631 * Do not change the order of buffers. databuf and oobrbuf must be in
634 struct nand_buffers {
635 uint8_t ecccalc[ALIGN(NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN)];
636 uint8_t ecccode[ALIGN(NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN)];
637 uint8_t databuf[ALIGN(NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE + NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE,
642 * struct nand_sdr_timings - SDR NAND chip timings
644 * This struct defines the timing requirements of a SDR NAND chip.
645 * These information can be found in every NAND datasheets and the timings
646 * meaning are described in the ONFI specifications:
647 * www.onfi.org/~/media/ONFI/specs/onfi_3_1_spec.pdf (chapter 4.15 Timing
650 * All these timings are expressed in picoseconds.
652 * @tBERS_max: Block erase time
653 * @tCCS_min: Change column setup time
654 * @tPROG_max: Page program time
655 * @tR_max: Page read time
656 * @tALH_min: ALE hold time
657 * @tADL_min: ALE to data loading time
658 * @tALS_min: ALE setup time
659 * @tAR_min: ALE to RE# delay
660 * @tCEA_max: CE# access time
661 * @tCEH_min: CE# high hold time
662 * @tCH_min: CE# hold time
663 * @tCHZ_max: CE# high to output hi-Z
664 * @tCLH_min: CLE hold time
665 * @tCLR_min: CLE to RE# delay
666 * @tCLS_min: CLE setup time
667 * @tCOH_min: CE# high to output hold
668 * @tCS_min: CE# setup time
669 * @tDH_min: Data hold time
670 * @tDS_min: Data setup time
671 * @tFEAT_max: Busy time for Set Features and Get Features
672 * @tIR_min: Output hi-Z to RE# low
673 * @tITC_max: Interface and Timing Mode Change time
674 * @tRC_min: RE# cycle time
675 * @tREA_max: RE# access time
676 * @tREH_min: RE# high hold time
677 * @tRHOH_min: RE# high to output hold
678 * @tRHW_min: RE# high to WE# low
679 * @tRHZ_max: RE# high to output hi-Z
680 * @tRLOH_min: RE# low to output hold
681 * @tRP_min: RE# pulse width
682 * @tRR_min: Ready to RE# low (data only)
683 * @tRST_max: Device reset time, measured from the falling edge of R/B# to the
684 * rising edge of R/B#.
685 * @tWB_max: WE# high to SR[6] low
686 * @tWC_min: WE# cycle time
687 * @tWH_min: WE# high hold time
688 * @tWHR_min: WE# high to RE# low
689 * @tWP_min: WE# pulse width
690 * @tWW_min: WP# transition to WE# low
692 struct nand_sdr_timings {
734 * enum nand_data_interface_type - NAND interface timing type
735 * @NAND_SDR_IFACE: Single Data Rate interface
737 enum nand_data_interface_type {
742 * struct nand_data_interface - NAND interface timing
743 * @type: type of the timing
744 * @timings: The timing, type according to @type
746 struct nand_data_interface {
747 enum nand_data_interface_type type;
749 struct nand_sdr_timings sdr;
754 * nand_get_sdr_timings - get SDR timing from data interface
755 * @conf: The data interface
757 static inline const struct nand_sdr_timings *
758 nand_get_sdr_timings(const struct nand_data_interface *conf)
760 if (conf->type != NAND_SDR_IFACE)
761 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
763 return &conf->timings.sdr;
767 * struct nand_chip - NAND Private Flash Chip Data
768 * @mtd: MTD device registered to the MTD framework
769 * @IO_ADDR_R: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to read the 8 I/O lines of the
771 * @IO_ADDR_W: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to write the 8 I/O lines of the
773 * @flash_node: [BOARDSPECIFIC] device node describing this instance
774 * @read_byte: [REPLACEABLE] read one byte from the chip
775 * @read_word: [REPLACEABLE] read one word from the chip
776 * @write_byte: [REPLACEABLE] write a single byte to the chip on the
778 * @write_buf: [REPLACEABLE] write data from the buffer to the chip
779 * @read_buf: [REPLACEABLE] read data from the chip into the buffer
780 * @select_chip: [REPLACEABLE] select chip nr
781 * @block_bad: [REPLACEABLE] check if a block is bad, using OOB markers
782 * @block_markbad: [REPLACEABLE] mark a block bad
783 * @cmd_ctrl: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for controlling
784 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
785 * @dev_ready: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for accessing
786 * device ready/busy line. If set to NULL no access to
787 * ready/busy is available and the ready/busy information
788 * is read from the chip status register.
789 * @cmdfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for writing
790 * commands to the chip.
791 * @waitfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for wait on
793 * @setup_read_retry: [FLASHSPECIFIC] flash (vendor) specific function for
794 * setting the read-retry mode. Mostly needed for MLC NAND.
795 * @ecc: [BOARDSPECIFIC] ECC control structure
796 * @buffers: buffer structure for read/write
797 * @buf_align: minimum buffer alignment required by a platform
798 * @hwcontrol: platform-specific hardware control structure
799 * @erase: [REPLACEABLE] erase function
800 * @scan_bbt: [REPLACEABLE] function to scan bad block table
801 * @chip_delay: [BOARDSPECIFIC] chip dependent delay for transferring
802 * data from array to read regs (tR).
803 * @state: [INTERN] the current state of the NAND device
804 * @oob_poi: "poison value buffer," used for laying out OOB data
806 * @page_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a page (column
808 * @phys_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a physical eraseblock
809 * @bbt_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a bbt entry
810 * @chip_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in one chip
811 * @options: [BOARDSPECIFIC] various chip options. They can partly
812 * be set to inform nand_scan about special functionality.
813 * See the defines for further explanation.
814 * @bbt_options: [INTERN] bad block specific options. All options used
815 * here must come from bbm.h. By default, these options
816 * will be copied to the appropriate nand_bbt_descr's.
817 * @badblockpos: [INTERN] position of the bad block marker in the oob
819 * @badblockbits: [INTERN] minimum number of set bits in a good block's
820 * bad block marker position; i.e., BBM == 11110111b is
821 * not bad when badblockbits == 7
822 * @bits_per_cell: [INTERN] number of bits per cell. i.e., 1 means SLC.
823 * @ecc_strength_ds: [INTERN] ECC correctability from the datasheet.
824 * Minimum amount of bit errors per @ecc_step_ds guaranteed
825 * to be correctable. If unknown, set to zero.
826 * @ecc_step_ds: [INTERN] ECC step required by the @ecc_strength_ds,
827 * also from the datasheet. It is the recommended ECC step
828 * size, if known; if unknown, set to zero.
829 * @onfi_timing_mode_default: [INTERN] default ONFI timing mode. This field is
830 * set to the actually used ONFI mode if the chip is
831 * ONFI compliant or deduced from the datasheet if
832 * the NAND chip is not ONFI compliant.
833 * @numchips: [INTERN] number of physical chips
834 * @chipsize: [INTERN] the size of one chip for multichip arrays
835 * @pagemask: [INTERN] page number mask = number of (pages / chip) - 1
836 * @pagebuf: [INTERN] holds the pagenumber which is currently in
838 * @pagebuf_bitflips: [INTERN] holds the bitflip count for the page which is
839 * currently in data_buf.
840 * @subpagesize: [INTERN] holds the subpagesize
841 * @onfi_version: [INTERN] holds the chip ONFI version (BCD encoded),
842 * non 0 if ONFI supported.
843 * @jedec_version: [INTERN] holds the chip JEDEC version (BCD encoded),
844 * non 0 if JEDEC supported.
845 * @onfi_params: [INTERN] holds the ONFI page parameter when ONFI is
846 * supported, 0 otherwise.
847 * @jedec_params: [INTERN] holds the JEDEC parameter page when JEDEC is
848 * supported, 0 otherwise.
849 * @read_retries: [INTERN] the number of read retry modes supported
850 * @onfi_set_features: [REPLACEABLE] set the features for ONFI nand
851 * @onfi_get_features: [REPLACEABLE] get the features for ONFI nand
852 * @setup_data_interface: [OPTIONAL] setup the data interface and timing. If
853 * chipnr is set to %NAND_DATA_IFACE_CHECK_ONLY this
854 * means the configuration should not be applied but
856 * @bbt: [INTERN] bad block table pointer
857 * @bbt_td: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table descriptor for flash
859 * @bbt_md: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table mirror descriptor
860 * @badblock_pattern: [REPLACEABLE] bad block scan pattern used for initial
862 * @controller: [REPLACEABLE] a pointer to a hardware controller
863 * structure which is shared among multiple independent
865 * @priv: [OPTIONAL] pointer to private chip data
866 * @write_page: [REPLACEABLE] High-level page write function
871 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_R;
872 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_W;
876 uint8_t (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
877 u16 (*read_word)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
878 void (*write_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t byte);
879 void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
880 void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
881 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
882 int (*block_bad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
883 int (*block_markbad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
884 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat, unsigned int ctrl);
885 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
886 void (*cmdfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned command, int column,
888 int(*waitfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this);
889 int (*erase)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int page);
890 int (*scan_bbt)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
891 int (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
892 uint32_t offset, int data_len, const uint8_t *buf,
893 int oob_required, int page, int raw);
894 int (*onfi_set_features)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
895 int feature_addr, uint8_t *subfeature_para);
896 int (*onfi_get_features)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
897 int feature_addr, uint8_t *subfeature_para);
898 int (*setup_read_retry)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int retry_mode);
899 int (*setup_data_interface)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chipnr,
900 const struct nand_data_interface *conf);
904 unsigned int options;
905 unsigned int bbt_options;
908 int phys_erase_shift;
915 unsigned int pagebuf_bitflips;
917 uint8_t bits_per_cell;
918 uint16_t ecc_strength_ds;
919 uint16_t ecc_step_ds;
920 int onfi_timing_mode_default;
926 struct nand_onfi_params onfi_params;
927 struct nand_jedec_params jedec_params;
929 struct nand_data_interface *data_interface;
936 struct nand_hw_control *controller;
937 struct nand_ecclayout *ecclayout;
939 struct nand_ecc_ctrl ecc;
940 struct nand_buffers *buffers;
941 unsigned long buf_align;
942 struct nand_hw_control hwcontrol;
945 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_td;
946 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_md;
948 struct nand_bbt_descr *badblock_pattern;
953 static inline struct nand_chip *mtd_to_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd)
955 return container_of(mtd, struct nand_chip, mtd);
958 static inline struct mtd_info *nand_to_mtd(struct nand_chip *chip)
963 static inline void *nand_get_controller_data(struct nand_chip *chip)
968 static inline void nand_set_controller_data(struct nand_chip *chip, void *priv)
974 * NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Codes
976 #define NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA 0x98
977 #define NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG 0xec
978 #define NAND_MFR_FUJITSU 0x04
979 #define NAND_MFR_NATIONAL 0x8f
980 #define NAND_MFR_RENESAS 0x07
981 #define NAND_MFR_STMICRO 0x20
982 #define NAND_MFR_HYNIX 0xad
983 #define NAND_MFR_MICRON 0x2c
984 #define NAND_MFR_AMD 0x01
985 #define NAND_MFR_MACRONIX 0xc2
986 #define NAND_MFR_EON 0x92
987 #define NAND_MFR_SANDISK 0x45
988 #define NAND_MFR_INTEL 0x89
989 #define NAND_MFR_ATO 0x9b
991 /* The maximum expected count of bytes in the NAND ID sequence */
992 #define NAND_MAX_ID_LEN 8
995 * A helper for defining older NAND chips where the second ID byte fully
996 * defined the chip, including the geometry (chip size, eraseblock size, page
997 * size). All these chips have 512 bytes NAND page size.
999 #define LEGACY_ID_NAND(nm, devid, chipsz, erasesz, opts) \
1000 { .name = (nm), {{ .dev_id = (devid) }}, .pagesize = 512, \
1001 .chipsize = (chipsz), .erasesize = (erasesz), .options = (opts) }
1004 * A helper for defining newer chips which report their page size and
1005 * eraseblock size via the extended ID bytes.
1007 * The real difference between LEGACY_ID_NAND and EXTENDED_ID_NAND is that with
1008 * EXTENDED_ID_NAND, manufacturers overloaded the same device ID so that the
1009 * device ID now only represented a particular total chip size (and voltage,
1010 * buswidth), and the page size, eraseblock size, and OOB size could vary while
1011 * using the same device ID.
1013 #define EXTENDED_ID_NAND(nm, devid, chipsz, opts) \
1014 { .name = (nm), {{ .dev_id = (devid) }}, .chipsize = (chipsz), \
1017 #define NAND_ECC_INFO(_strength, _step) \
1018 { .strength_ds = (_strength), .step_ds = (_step) }
1019 #define NAND_ECC_STRENGTH(type) ((type)->ecc.strength_ds)
1020 #define NAND_ECC_STEP(type) ((type)->ecc.step_ds)
1023 * struct nand_flash_dev - NAND Flash Device ID Structure
1024 * @name: a human-readable name of the NAND chip
1025 * @dev_id: the device ID (the second byte of the full chip ID array)
1026 * @mfr_id: manufecturer ID part of the full chip ID array (refers the same
1027 * memory address as @id[0])
1028 * @dev_id: device ID part of the full chip ID array (refers the same memory
1029 * address as @id[1])
1030 * @id: full device ID array
1031 * @pagesize: size of the NAND page in bytes; if 0, then the real page size (as
1032 * well as the eraseblock size) is determined from the extended NAND
1034 * @chipsize: total chip size in MiB
1035 * @erasesize: eraseblock size in bytes (determined from the extended ID if 0)
1036 * @options: stores various chip bit options
1037 * @id_len: The valid length of the @id.
1038 * @oobsize: OOB size
1039 * @ecc: ECC correctability and step information from the datasheet.
1040 * @ecc.strength_ds: The ECC correctability from the datasheet, same as the
1041 * @ecc_strength_ds in nand_chip{}.
1042 * @ecc.step_ds: The ECC step required by the @ecc.strength_ds, same as the
1043 * @ecc_step_ds in nand_chip{}, also from the datasheet.
1044 * For example, the "4bit ECC for each 512Byte" can be set with
1045 * NAND_ECC_INFO(4, 512).
1046 * @onfi_timing_mode_default: the default ONFI timing mode entered after a NAND
1047 * reset. Should be deduced from timings described
1051 struct nand_flash_dev {
1058 uint8_t id[NAND_MAX_ID_LEN];
1060 unsigned int pagesize;
1061 unsigned int chipsize;
1062 unsigned int erasesize;
1063 unsigned int options;
1067 uint16_t strength_ds;
1070 int onfi_timing_mode_default;
1074 * struct nand_manufacturers - NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Structure
1075 * @name: Manufacturer name
1076 * @id: manufacturer ID code of device.
1078 struct nand_manufacturers {
1083 extern struct nand_flash_dev nand_flash_ids[];
1084 extern struct nand_manufacturers nand_manuf_ids[];
1086 int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1087 int nand_markbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
1088 int nand_isreserved_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
1089 int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt);
1090 int nand_erase_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr,
1092 int nand_do_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
1093 size_t *retlen, uint8_t *buf);
1096 * Constants for oob configuration
1098 #define NAND_SMALL_BADBLOCK_POS 5
1099 #define NAND_LARGE_BADBLOCK_POS 0
1102 * struct platform_nand_chip - chip level device structure
1103 * @nr_chips: max. number of chips to scan for
1104 * @chip_offset: chip number offset
1105 * @nr_partitions: number of partitions pointed to by partitions (or zero)
1106 * @partitions: mtd partition list
1107 * @chip_delay: R/B delay value in us
1108 * @options: Option flags, e.g. 16bit buswidth
1109 * @bbt_options: BBT option flags, e.g. NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH
1110 * @part_probe_types: NULL-terminated array of probe types
1112 struct platform_nand_chip {
1116 struct mtd_partition *partitions;
1118 unsigned int options;
1119 unsigned int bbt_options;
1120 const char **part_probe_types;
1123 /* Keep gcc happy */
1124 struct platform_device;
1127 * struct platform_nand_ctrl - controller level device structure
1128 * @probe: platform specific function to probe/setup hardware
1129 * @remove: platform specific function to remove/teardown hardware
1130 * @hwcontrol: platform specific hardware control structure
1131 * @dev_ready: platform specific function to read ready/busy pin
1132 * @select_chip: platform specific chip select function
1133 * @cmd_ctrl: platform specific function for controlling
1134 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
1135 * @write_buf: platform specific function for write buffer
1136 * @read_buf: platform specific function for read buffer
1137 * @read_byte: platform specific function to read one byte from chip
1138 * @priv: private data to transport driver specific settings
1140 * All fields are optional and depend on the hardware driver requirements
1142 struct platform_nand_ctrl {
1143 int (*probe)(struct platform_device *pdev);
1144 void (*remove)(struct platform_device *pdev);
1145 void (*hwcontrol)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd);
1146 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1147 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
1148 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat, unsigned int ctrl);
1149 void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
1150 void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
1151 unsigned char (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1156 * struct platform_nand_data - container structure for platform-specific data
1157 * @chip: chip level chip structure
1158 * @ctrl: controller level device structure
1160 struct platform_nand_data {
1161 struct platform_nand_chip chip;
1162 struct platform_nand_ctrl ctrl;
1165 #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ONFI_DETECTION
1166 /* return the supported features. */
1167 static inline int onfi_feature(struct nand_chip *chip)
1169 return chip->onfi_version ? le16_to_cpu(chip->onfi_params.features) : 0;
1172 /* return the supported asynchronous timing mode. */
1173 static inline int onfi_get_async_timing_mode(struct nand_chip *chip)
1175 if (!chip->onfi_version)
1176 return ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN;
1177 return le16_to_cpu(chip->onfi_params.async_timing_mode);
1180 /* return the supported synchronous timing mode. */
1181 static inline int onfi_get_sync_timing_mode(struct nand_chip *chip)
1183 if (!chip->onfi_version)
1184 return ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN;
1185 return le16_to_cpu(chip->onfi_params.src_sync_timing_mode);
1188 static inline int onfi_feature(struct nand_chip *chip)
1193 static inline int onfi_get_async_timing_mode(struct nand_chip *chip)
1195 return ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN;
1198 static inline int onfi_get_sync_timing_mode(struct nand_chip *chip)
1200 return ONFI_TIMING_MODE_UNKNOWN;
1204 int onfi_init_data_interface(struct nand_chip *chip,
1205 struct nand_data_interface *iface,
1206 enum nand_data_interface_type type,
1210 * Check if it is a SLC nand.
1211 * The !nand_is_slc() can be used to check the MLC/TLC nand chips.
1212 * We do not distinguish the MLC and TLC now.
1214 static inline bool nand_is_slc(struct nand_chip *chip)
1216 return chip->bits_per_cell == 1;
1220 * Check if the opcode's address should be sent only on the lower 8 bits
1221 * @command: opcode to check
1223 static inline int nand_opcode_8bits(unsigned int command)
1226 case NAND_CMD_READID:
1227 case NAND_CMD_PARAM:
1228 case NAND_CMD_GET_FEATURES:
1229 case NAND_CMD_SET_FEATURES:
1237 /* return the supported JEDEC features. */
1238 static inline int jedec_feature(struct nand_chip *chip)
1240 return chip->jedec_version ? le16_to_cpu(chip->jedec_params.features)
1244 /* Standard NAND functions from nand_base.c */
1245 void nand_write_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
1246 void nand_write_buf16(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
1247 void nand_read_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
1248 void nand_read_buf16(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
1249 uint8_t nand_read_byte(struct mtd_info *mtd);
1251 /* get timing characteristics from ONFI timing mode. */
1252 const struct nand_sdr_timings *onfi_async_timing_mode_to_sdr_timings(int mode);
1253 /* get data interface from ONFI timing mode 0, used after reset. */
1254 const struct nand_data_interface *nand_get_default_data_interface(void);
1256 int nand_check_erased_ecc_chunk(void *data, int datalen,
1257 void *ecc, int ecclen,
1258 void *extraoob, int extraooblen,
1261 int nand_check_ecc_caps(struct nand_chip *chip,
1262 const struct nand_ecc_caps *caps, int oobavail);
1264 int nand_match_ecc_req(struct nand_chip *chip,
1265 const struct nand_ecc_caps *caps, int oobavail);
1267 int nand_maximize_ecc(struct nand_chip *chip,
1268 const struct nand_ecc_caps *caps, int oobavail);
1270 /* Reset and initialize a NAND device */
1271 int nand_reset(struct nand_chip *chip, int chipnr);
1272 #endif /* __LINUX_MTD_RAWNAND_H */