1 /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
3 * fsck --- A generic, parallelizing front-end for the fsck program.
4 * It will automatically try to run fsck programs in parallel if the
5 * devices are on separate spindles. It is based on the same ideas as
6 * the generic front end for fsck by David Engel and Fred van Kempen,
7 * but it has been completely rewritten from scratch to support
10 * Written by Theodore Ts'o, <tytso@mit.edu>
12 * Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@drinkel.ow.org) 20-Oct-1994:
13 * o Changed -t fstype to behave like with mount when -A (all file
14 * systems) or -M (like mount) is specified.
15 * o fsck looks if it can find the fsck.type program to decide
16 * if it should ignore the fs type. This way more fsck programs
17 * can be added without changing this front-end.
18 * o -R flag skip root file system.
20 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
21 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 by Theodore Ts'o.
24 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
29 /* All filesystem specific hooks have been removed.
30 * If filesystem cannot be determined, we will execute
31 * "fsck.auto". Currently this also happens if you specify
32 * UUID=xxx or LABEL=xxx as an object to check.
33 * Detection code for that is also probably has to be in fsck.auto.
35 * In other words, this is _really_ is just a driver program which
36 * spawns actual fsck.something for each filesystem to check.
37 * It doesn't guess filesystem types from on-disk format.
43 #define EXIT_NONDESTRUCT 1
44 #define EXIT_DESTRUCT 2
45 #define EXIT_UNCORRECTED 4
48 #define FSCK_CANCELED 32 /* Aborted with a signal or ^C */
51 * Internal structure for mount table entries.
66 #define FLAG_PROGRESS 2
68 * Structure to allow exit codes to be stored
70 struct fsck_instance {
71 struct fsck_instance *next;
79 char *base_device; /* /dev/hda for /dev/hdaN etc */
82 static const char *const ignored_types[] = {
95 static const char *const really_wanted[] = {
107 #define BASE_MD "/dev/md"
109 static char **devices;
111 static int num_devices;
115 #define FS_TYPE_FLAG_NORMAL 0
116 #define FS_TYPE_FLAG_OPT 1
117 #define FS_TYPE_FLAG_NEGOPT 2
118 static char **fs_type_list;
119 static uint8_t *fs_type_flag;
120 static smallint fs_type_negated;
122 static volatile smallint cancel_requested;
123 static smallint doall;
124 static smallint noexecute;
125 static smallint serialize;
126 static smallint skip_root;
127 /* static smallint like_mount; */
128 static smallint notitle;
129 static smallint parallel_root;
130 static smallint force_all_parallel;
132 /* "progress indicator" code is somewhat buggy and ext[23] specific.
133 * We should be filesystem agnostic. IOW: there should be a well-defined
134 * API for fsck.something, NOT ad-hoc hacks in generic fsck. */
135 #define DO_PROGRESS_INDICATOR 0
136 #if DO_PROGRESS_INDICATOR
137 static smallint progress;
138 static int progress_fd;
141 static int num_running;
142 static int max_running;
144 static struct fs_info *filesys_info;
145 static struct fs_info *filesys_last;
146 static struct fsck_instance *instance_list;
149 * Return the "base device" given a particular device; this is used to
150 * assure that we only fsck one partition on a particular drive at any
151 * one time. Otherwise, the disk heads will be seeking all over the
152 * place. If the base device cannot be determined, return NULL.
154 * The base_device() function returns an allocated string which must
157 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DEVFS
159 * Required for the uber-silly devfs /dev/ide/host1/bus2/target3/lun3
162 static const char *const devfs_hier[] = {
163 "host", "bus", "target", "lun", NULL
167 static char *base_device(const char *device)
170 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DEVFS
171 const char *const *hier;
175 cp = str = xstrdup(device);
177 /* Skip over /dev/; if it's not present, give up. */
178 if (strncmp(cp, "/dev/", 5) != 0)
183 * For md devices, we treat them all as if they were all
184 * on one disk, since we don't know how to parallelize them.
186 if (cp[0] == 'm' && cp[1] == 'd') {
191 /* Handle DAC 960 devices */
192 if (strncmp(cp, "rd/", 3) == 0) {
194 if (cp[0] != 'c' || !isdigit(cp[1])
195 || cp[2] != 'd' || !isdigit(cp[3]))
201 /* Now let's handle /dev/hd* and /dev/sd* devices.... */
202 if ((cp[0] == 'h' || cp[0] == 's') && cp[1] == 'd') {
204 /* If there's a single number after /dev/hd, skip it */
207 /* What follows must be an alpha char, or give up */
214 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DEVFS
215 /* Now let's handle devfs (ugh) names */
217 if (strncmp(cp, "ide/", 4) == 0)
219 if (strncmp(cp, "scsi/", 5) == 0)
224 * Now we proceed down the expected devfs hierarchy.
225 * i.e., .../host1/bus2/target3/lun4/...
226 * If we don't find the expected token, followed by
227 * some number of digits at each level, abort.
229 for (hier = devfs_hier; *hier; hier++) {
231 if (strncmp(cp, *hier, len) != 0)
234 while (*cp != '/' && *cp != 0) {
245 /* Now handle devfs /dev/disc or /dev/disk names */
247 if (strncmp(cp, "discs/", 6) == 0)
249 else if (strncmp(cp, "disks/", 6) == 0)
253 if (strncmp(cp, disk, 4) != 0)
256 while (*cp != '/' && *cp != 0) {
270 static void free_instance(struct fsck_instance *p)
274 free(p->base_device);
278 static struct fs_info *create_fs_device(const char *device, const char *mntpnt,
279 const char *type, const char *opts,
280 int freq, int passno)
284 fs = xzalloc(sizeof(*fs));
285 fs->device = xstrdup(device);
286 fs->mountpt = xstrdup(mntpnt);
287 fs->type = xstrdup(type);
288 fs->opts = xstrdup(opts ? opts : "");
292 /*fs->next = NULL; */
297 filesys_last->next = fs;
303 static void strip_line(char *line)
305 char *p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
308 if (*p != '\n' && *p != '\r')
314 static char *parse_word(char **buf)
322 word = skip_whitespace(word);
323 next = skip_non_whitespace(word);
330 static void parse_escape(char *word)
338 for (p = q = word; *p; q++) {
343 *q = bb_process_escape_sequence(&p);
349 static int parse_fstab_line(char *line, struct fs_info **ret_fs)
351 char *device, *mntpnt, *type, *opts, *freq, *passno, *cp;
356 cp = strchr(line, '#');
358 *cp = '\0'; /* Ignore everything after the comment char */
361 device = parse_word(&cp);
362 if (!device) return 0; /* Allow blank lines */
363 mntpnt = parse_word(&cp);
364 type = parse_word(&cp);
365 opts = parse_word(&cp);
366 freq = parse_word(&cp);
367 passno = parse_word(&cp);
369 if (!mntpnt || !type)
372 parse_escape(device);
373 parse_escape(mntpnt);
377 parse_escape(passno);
379 if (strchr(type, ','))
382 fs = create_fs_device(device, mntpnt, type ? type : "auto", opts,
383 freq ? atoi(freq) : -1,
384 passno ? atoi(passno) : -1);
389 /* Load the filesystem database from /etc/fstab */
390 static void load_fs_info(const char *filename)
397 f = fopen_or_warn(filename, "r");
403 char *buf = xmalloc_getline(f);
405 r = parse_fstab_line(buf, &fs);
409 bb_error_msg("WARNING: bad format "
410 "on line %d of %s", lineno, filename);
424 "WARNING: Your /etc/fstab does not contain the fsck passno field.\n"
425 "I will kludge around things for you, but you should fix\n"
426 "your /etc/fstab file as soon as you can.\n\n", stderr);
427 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
433 /* Lookup filesys in /etc/fstab and return the corresponding entry. */
434 static struct fs_info *lookup(char *filesys)
438 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
439 if (strcmp(filesys, fs->device) == 0
440 || (fs->mountpt && strcmp(filesys, fs->mountpt) == 0)
448 #if DO_PROGRESS_INDICATOR
449 static int progress_active(void)
451 struct fsck_instance *inst;
453 for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
454 if (inst->flags & FLAG_DONE)
456 if (inst->flags & FLAG_PROGRESS)
465 * Send a signal to all outstanding fsck child processes
467 static void kill_all_if_cancel_requested(void)
469 static smallint kill_sent;
471 struct fsck_instance *inst;
473 if (!cancel_requested || kill_sent)
476 for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
477 if (inst->flags & FLAG_DONE)
479 kill(inst->pid, SIGTERM);
485 * Wait for one child process to exit; when it does, unlink it from
486 * the list of executing child processes, and return it.
488 static struct fsck_instance *wait_one(int flags)
492 struct fsck_instance *inst, *prev;
499 inst = instance_list;
502 while (inst->next && (random() & 1)) {
507 inst->exit_status = 0;
511 inst = prev = NULL; /* for gcc */
513 pid = waitpid(-1, &status, flags);
514 kill_all_if_cancel_requested();
515 if (pid == 0 && (flags & WNOHANG))
518 if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
520 if (errno == ECHILD) {
521 bb_error_msg("wait: no more child process?!?");
524 bb_perror_msg("wait");
528 inst = instance_list;
530 if (inst->pid == pid)
537 if (WIFEXITED(status))
538 status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
539 else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
540 sig = WTERMSIG(status);
541 status = EXIT_UNCORRECTED;
543 printf("Warning... %s %s exited "
545 inst->prog, inst->device, sig);
549 printf("%s %s: status is %x, should never happen\n",
550 inst->prog, inst->device, status);
553 inst->exit_status = status;
555 #if DO_PROGRESS_INDICATOR
556 if (progress && (inst->flags & FLAG_PROGRESS) && !progress_active()) {
557 struct fsck_instance *inst2;
558 for (inst2 = instance_list; inst2; inst2 = inst2->next) {
559 if (inst2->flags & FLAG_DONE)
561 if (strcmp(inst2->type, "ext2") != 0
562 && strcmp(inst2->type, "ext3") != 0
566 /* ext[23], we will send USR1
567 * (request to start displaying progress bar)
569 * If we've just started the fsck, wait a tiny
570 * bit before sending the kill, to give it
571 * time to set up the signal handler
573 if (inst2->start_time >= time(NULL) - 1)
575 kill(inst2->pid, SIGUSR1);
576 inst2->flags |= FLAG_PROGRESS;
584 prev->next = inst->next;
586 instance_list = inst->next;
588 printf("Finished with %s (exit status %d)\n",
589 inst->device, inst->exit_status);
594 #define FLAG_WAIT_ALL 0
595 #define FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE 1
597 * Wait until all executing child processes have exited; return the
598 * logical OR of all of their exit code values.
600 static int wait_many(int flags)
602 struct fsck_instance *inst;
603 int global_status = 0;
606 while ((inst = wait_one(wait_flags))) {
607 global_status |= inst->exit_status;
610 if (noexecute && (flags & WNOHANG) && !(random() % 3))
613 if (flags & FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE)
614 wait_flags = WNOHANG;
616 return global_status;
620 * Execute a particular fsck program, and link it into the list of
621 * child processes we are waiting for.
623 static void execute(const char *type, const char *device, const char *mntpt,
626 char *argv[num_args + 4]; /* see count below: */
629 struct fsck_instance *inst;
632 inst = xzalloc(sizeof(*inst));
634 argv[0] = xasprintf("fsck.%s", type); /* 1 */
635 for (i = 0; i < num_args; i++)
636 argv[i+1] = args[i]; /* num_args */
639 #if DO_PROGRESS_INDICATOR
640 if (progress && !progress_active()) {
641 if (strcmp(type, "ext2") == 0
642 || strcmp(type, "ext3") == 0
644 argv[argc++] = xasprintf("-C%d", progress_fd); /* 1 */
645 inst->flags |= FLAG_PROGRESS;
650 argv[argc++] = xstrdup(device); /* 1 */
651 argv[argc] = NULL; /* 1 */
653 if (verbose || noexecute) {
654 printf("[%s (%d) -- %s]", argv[0], num_running,
655 mntpt ? mntpt : device);
656 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
657 printf(" %s", argv[i]);
661 /* Fork and execute the correct program. */
666 bb_perror_msg("%s", argv[0]);
669 for (i = num_args+1; i < argc; i++)
673 inst->prog = argv[0];
674 inst->type = xstrdup(type);
675 inst->device = xstrdup(device);
676 inst->base_device = base_device(device);
677 inst->start_time = time(NULL);
679 /* Add to the list of running fsck's.
680 * (was adding to the end, but adding to the front is simpler...) */
681 inst->next = instance_list;
682 instance_list = inst;
686 * Run the fsck program on a particular device
688 * If the type is specified using -t, and it isn't prefixed with "no"
689 * (as in "noext2") and only one filesystem type is specified, then
690 * use that type regardless of what is specified in /etc/fstab.
692 * If the type isn't specified by the user, then use either the type
693 * specified in /etc/fstab, or "auto".
695 static void fsck_device(struct fs_info *fs, int interactive)
699 if (strcmp(fs->type, "auto") != 0) {
702 bb_info_msg("using filesystem type '%s' %s",
705 && (fstype[0] != 'n' || fstype[1] != 'o') /* != "no" */
706 && strncmp(fstype, "opts=", 5) != 0
707 && strncmp(fstype, "loop", 4) != 0
708 && !strchr(fstype, ',')
712 bb_info_msg("using filesystem type '%s' %s",
717 bb_info_msg("using filesystem type '%s' %s",
722 execute(type, fs->device, fs->mountpt, interactive);
726 * Returns TRUE if a partition on the same disk is already being
729 static int device_already_active(char *device)
731 struct fsck_instance *inst;
734 if (force_all_parallel)
738 /* Don't check a soft raid disk with any other disk */
740 && (!strncmp(instance_list->device, BASE_MD, sizeof(BASE_MD)-1)
741 || !strncmp(device, BASE_MD, sizeof(BASE_MD)-1))
747 base = base_device(device);
749 * If we don't know the base device, assume that the device is
750 * already active if there are any fsck instances running.
753 return (instance_list != NULL);
755 for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
756 if (!inst->base_device || !strcmp(base, inst->base_device)) {
767 * This function returns true if a particular option appears in a
768 * comma-delimited options list
770 static int opt_in_list(char *opt, char *optlist)
781 s = strstr(s + 1, opt);
784 /* neither "opt.." nor "xxx,opt.."? */
785 if (s != optlist && s[-1] != ',')
787 /* neither "..opt" nor "..opt,xxx"? */
788 if (s[len] != '\0' && s[len] != ',')
794 /* See if the filesystem matches the criteria given by the -t option */
795 static int fs_match(struct fs_info *fs)
797 int n, ret, checked_type;
807 cp = fs_type_list[n];
810 switch (fs_type_flag[n]) {
811 case FS_TYPE_FLAG_NORMAL:
813 if (strcmp(cp, fs->type) == 0)
816 case FS_TYPE_FLAG_NEGOPT:
817 if (opt_in_list(cp, fs->opts))
820 case FS_TYPE_FLAG_OPT:
821 if (!opt_in_list(cp, fs->opts))
827 if (checked_type == 0)
830 return (fs_type_negated ? !ret : ret);
833 /* Check if we should ignore this filesystem. */
834 static int ignore(struct fs_info *fs)
837 * If the pass number is 0, ignore it.
843 * If a specific fstype is specified, and it doesn't match,
849 /* Are we ignoring this type? */
850 if (index_in_str_array(ignored_types, fs->type) >= 0)
853 /* We can and want to check this file system type. */
857 /* Check all file systems, using the /etc/fstab table. */
858 static int check_all(void)
861 int status = EXIT_OK;
862 smallint not_done_yet;
867 puts("Checking all filesystems");
870 * Do an initial scan over the filesystem; mark filesystems
871 * which should be ignored as done, and resolve any "auto"
872 * filesystem types (done as a side-effect of calling ignore()).
874 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
876 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
880 * Find and check the root filesystem.
882 if (!parallel_root) {
883 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
884 if (LONE_CHAR(fs->mountpt, '/'))
888 if (!skip_root && !ignore(fs)) {
890 status |= wait_many(FLAG_WAIT_ALL);
891 if (status > EXIT_NONDESTRUCT)
894 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
898 * This is for the bone-headed user who enters the root
899 * filesystem twice. Skip root will skip all root entries.
902 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next)
903 if (LONE_CHAR(fs->mountpt, '/'))
904 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
908 while (not_done_yet) {
912 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
913 if (cancel_requested)
915 if (fs->flags & FLAG_DONE)
918 * If the filesystem's pass number is higher
919 * than the current pass number, then we don't
922 if (fs->passno > passno) {
927 * If a filesystem on a particular device has
928 * already been spawned, then we need to defer
929 * this to another pass.
931 if (device_already_active(fs->device)) {
936 * Spawn off the fsck process
938 fsck_device(fs, serialize);
939 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
942 * Only do one filesystem at a time, or if we
943 * have a limit on the number of fsck's extant
944 * at one time, apply that limit.
947 || (max_running && (num_running >= max_running))
953 if (cancel_requested)
956 printf("--waiting-- (pass %d)\n", passno);
957 status |= wait_many(pass_done ? FLAG_WAIT_ALL :
958 FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE);
961 puts("----------------------------------");
966 kill_all_if_cancel_requested();
967 status |= wait_many(FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE);
972 * Deal with the fsck -t argument.
973 * Huh, for mount "-t novfat,nfs" means "neither vfat nor nfs"!
974 * Why here we require "-t novfat,nonfs" ??
976 static void compile_fs_type(char *fs_type)
984 while ((s = strchr(s, ','))) {
990 fs_type_list = xzalloc(num * sizeof(fs_type_list[0]));
991 fs_type_flag = xzalloc(num * sizeof(fs_type_flag[0]));
992 fs_type_negated = -1; /* not yet known is it negated or not */
1003 if (s[0] == 'n' && s[1] == 'o') { /* "no.." */
1006 } else if (s[0] == '!') {
1011 if (strcmp(s, "loop") == 0)
1012 /* loop is really short-hand for opts=loop */
1013 goto loop_special_case;
1014 if (strncmp(s, "opts=", 5) == 0) {
1017 fs_type_flag[num] = negate ? FS_TYPE_FLAG_NEGOPT : FS_TYPE_FLAG_OPT;
1019 if (fs_type_negated == -1)
1020 fs_type_negated = negate;
1021 if (fs_type_negated != negate)
1022 bb_error_msg_and_die(
1023 "either all or none of the filesystem types passed to -t must be prefixed "
1024 "with 'no' or '!'");
1026 comma = strchr(s, ',');
1027 fs_type_list[num++] = comma ? xstrndup(s, comma-s) : xstrdup(s);
1034 static void parse_args(int argc, char **argv)
1038 char *options = NULL;
1040 int opts_for_fsck = 0;
1042 /* in bss, so already zeroed
1045 instance_list = NULL;
1048 /* TODO: getopt32 */
1049 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
1052 /* "/dev/blk" or "/path" or "UUID=xxx" or "LABEL=xxx" */
1053 if ((arg[0] == '/' && !opts_for_fsck) || strchr(arg, '=')) {
1054 // FIXME: must check that arg is a blkdev, or resolve
1055 // "/path", "UUID=xxx" or "LABEL=xxx" into block device name
1056 // ("UUID=xxx"/"LABEL=xxx" can probably shifted to fsck.auto duties)
1057 devices = xrealloc(devices, (num_devices+1) * sizeof(devices[0]));
1058 devices[num_devices++] = xstrdup(arg);
1062 if (arg[0] != '-' || opts_for_fsck) {
1063 args = xrealloc(args, (num_args+1) * sizeof(args[0]));
1064 args[num_args++] = xstrdup(arg);
1068 for (j = 1; arg[j]; j++) {
1069 if (opts_for_fsck) {
1071 /* one extra for '\0' */
1072 options = xrealloc(options, optpos + 2);
1073 options[optpos] = arg[j];
1080 #if DO_PROGRESS_INDICATOR
1083 if (arg[++j]) { /* -Cn */
1084 progress_fd = xatoi_u(&arg[j]);
1088 progress_fd = xatoi_u(argv[++i]);
1117 else if (++i < argc)
1121 fstype = xstrdup(tmp);
1122 compile_fs_type(fstype);
1132 /* one extra for '\0' */
1133 options = xrealloc(options, optpos + 2);
1134 options[optpos] = arg[j];
1141 options[optpos + 1] = '\0';
1142 args = xrealloc(args, (num_args+1) * sizeof(args[0]));
1143 args[num_args++] = options;
1148 if (getenv("FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL"))
1149 force_all_parallel = 1;
1150 tmp = getenv("FSCK_MAX_INST");
1152 max_running = xatoi(tmp);
1155 static void signal_cancel(int sig ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
1157 cancel_requested = 1;
1160 int fsck_main(int argc, char **argv);
1161 int fsck_main(int argc, char **argv)
1167 struct sigaction sa;
1169 memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
1170 sa.sa_handler = signal_cancel;
1171 sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, 0);
1172 sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, 0);
1174 setbuf(stdout, NULL);
1176 parse_args(argc, argv);
1179 puts("fsck (busybox "BB_VER", "BB_BT")");
1181 /* Even plain "fsck /dev/hda1" needs fstab to get fs type,
1182 * so we are scanning it anyway */
1183 fstab = getenv("FSTAB_FILE");
1185 fstab = "/etc/fstab";
1186 load_fs_info(fstab);
1188 interactive = (num_devices == 1) | serialize;
1190 /* If -A was specified ("check all"), do that! */
1194 if (num_devices == 0) {
1200 for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++) {
1201 if (cancel_requested) {
1202 kill_all_if_cancel_requested();
1206 fs = lookup(devices[i]);
1208 fs = create_fs_device(devices[i], 0, "auto", 0, -1, -1);
1209 fsck_device(fs, interactive);
1212 || (max_running && (num_running >= max_running))
1214 struct fsck_instance *inst;
1218 status |= inst->exit_status;
1219 free_instance(inst);
1222 puts("----------------------------------");
1225 status |= wait_many(FLAG_WAIT_ALL);