2 * drivers/mtd/nand/nand_util.c
4 * Copyright (C) 2006 by Weiss-Electronic GmbH.
7 * @author: Guido Classen <clagix@gmail.com>
8 * @descr: NAND Flash support
9 * @references: borrowed heavily from Linux mtd-utils code:
10 * flash_eraseall.c by Arcom Control System Ltd
11 * nandwrite.c by Steven J. Hill (sjhill@realitydiluted.com)
12 * and Thomas Gleixner (tglx@linutronix.de)
14 * Copyright (C) 2008 Nokia Corporation: drop_ffs() function by
15 * Artem Bityutskiy <dedekind1@gmail.com> from mtd-utils
17 * See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
20 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
21 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version
22 * 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
24 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
25 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
26 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
27 * GNU General Public License for more details.
29 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
30 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
31 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
34 * Copyright 2010 Freescale Semiconductor
35 * The portions of this file whose copyright is held by Freescale and which
36 * are not considered a derived work of GPL v2-only code may be distributed
37 * and/or modified under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
38 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
39 * License, or (at your option) any later version.
48 #include <asm/errno.h>
49 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
51 #include <jffs2/jffs2.h>
53 typedef struct erase_info erase_info_t;
54 typedef struct mtd_info mtd_info_t;
56 /* support only for native endian JFFS2 */
57 #define cpu_to_je16(x) (x)
58 #define cpu_to_je32(x) (x)
61 * nand_erase_opts: - erase NAND flash with support for various options
64 * @param meminfo NAND device to erase
65 * @param opts options, @see struct nand_erase_options
66 * @return 0 in case of success
68 * This code is ported from flash_eraseall.c from Linux mtd utils by
69 * Arcom Control System Ltd.
71 int nand_erase_opts(nand_info_t *meminfo, const nand_erase_options_t *opts)
73 struct jffs2_unknown_node cleanmarker;
75 unsigned long erase_length, erased_length; /* in blocks */
78 int percent_complete = -1;
79 const char *mtd_device = meminfo->name;
80 struct mtd_oob_ops oob_opts;
81 struct nand_chip *chip = meminfo->priv;
83 if ((opts->offset & (meminfo->writesize - 1)) != 0) {
84 printf("Attempt to erase non page aligned data\n");
88 memset(&erase, 0, sizeof(erase));
89 memset(&oob_opts, 0, sizeof(oob_opts));
92 erase.len = meminfo->erasesize;
93 erase.addr = opts->offset;
94 erase_length = lldiv(opts->length + meminfo->erasesize - 1,
97 cleanmarker.magic = cpu_to_je16 (JFFS2_MAGIC_BITMASK);
98 cleanmarker.nodetype = cpu_to_je16 (JFFS2_NODETYPE_CLEANMARKER);
99 cleanmarker.totlen = cpu_to_je32(8);
101 /* scrub option allows to erase badblock. To prevent internal
102 * check from erase() method, set block check method to dummy
103 * and disable bad block table while erasing.
106 erase.scrub = opts->scrub;
108 * We don't need the bad block table anymore...
109 * after scrub, there are no bad blocks left!
117 for (erased_length = 0;
118 erased_length < erase_length;
119 erase.addr += meminfo->erasesize) {
123 if (!opts->scrub && bbtest) {
124 int ret = meminfo->block_isbad(meminfo, erase.addr);
127 printf("\rSkipping bad block at "
137 } else if (ret < 0) {
138 printf("\n%s: MTD get bad block failed: %d\n",
147 result = meminfo->erase(meminfo, &erase);
149 printf("\n%s: MTD Erase failure: %d\n",
154 /* format for JFFS2 ? */
155 if (opts->jffs2 && chip->ecc.layout->oobavail >= 8) {
156 chip->ops.ooblen = 8;
157 chip->ops.datbuf = NULL;
158 chip->ops.oobbuf = (uint8_t *)&cleanmarker;
159 chip->ops.ooboffs = 0;
160 chip->ops.mode = MTD_OOB_AUTO;
162 result = meminfo->write_oob(meminfo,
166 printf("\n%s: MTD writeoob failure: %d\n",
173 unsigned long long n = erased_length * 100ULL;
176 do_div(n, erase_length);
179 /* output progress message only at whole percent
180 * steps to reduce the number of messages printed
181 * on (slow) serial consoles
183 if (percent != percent_complete) {
184 percent_complete = percent;
186 printf("\rErasing at 0x%llx -- %3d%% complete.",
187 erase.addr, percent);
189 if (opts->jffs2 && result == 0)
190 printf(" Cleanmarker written at 0x%llx.",
199 chip->scan_bbt(meminfo);
204 #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_LOCK_UNLOCK
206 /******************************************************************************
207 * Support for locking / unlocking operations of some NAND devices
208 *****************************************************************************/
210 #define NAND_CMD_LOCK 0x2a
211 #define NAND_CMD_LOCK_TIGHT 0x2c
212 #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK1 0x23
213 #define NAND_CMD_UNLOCK2 0x24
214 #define NAND_CMD_LOCK_STATUS 0x7a
217 * nand_lock: Set all pages of NAND flash chip to the LOCK or LOCK-TIGHT
220 * @param mtd nand mtd instance
221 * @param tight bring device in lock tight mode
223 * @return 0 on success, -1 in case of error
225 * The lock / lock-tight command only applies to the whole chip. To get some
226 * parts of the chip lock and others unlocked use the following sequence:
228 * - Lock all pages of the chip using nand_lock(mtd, 0) (or the lockpre pin)
229 * - Call nand_unlock() once for each consecutive area to be unlocked
230 * - If desired: Bring the chip to the lock-tight state using nand_lock(mtd, 1)
232 * If the device is in lock-tight state software can't change the
233 * current active lock/unlock state of all pages. nand_lock() / nand_unlock()
234 * calls will fail. It is only posible to leave lock-tight state by
235 * an hardware signal (low pulse on _WP pin) or by power down.
237 int nand_lock(struct mtd_info *mtd, int tight)
241 struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv;
243 /* select the NAND device */
244 chip->select_chip(mtd, 0);
247 (tight ? NAND_CMD_LOCK_TIGHT : NAND_CMD_LOCK),
250 /* call wait ready function */
251 status = chip->waitfunc(mtd, chip);
253 /* see if device thinks it succeeded */
258 /* de-select the NAND device */
259 chip->select_chip(mtd, -1);
264 * nand_get_lock_status: - query current lock state from one page of NAND
267 * @param mtd nand mtd instance
268 * @param offset page address to query (muss be page aligned!)
270 * @return -1 in case of error
272 * bitfield with the following combinations:
273 * NAND_LOCK_STATUS_TIGHT: page in tight state
274 * NAND_LOCK_STATUS_LOCK: page locked
275 * NAND_LOCK_STATUS_UNLOCK: page unlocked
278 int nand_get_lock_status(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offset)
283 struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv;
285 /* select the NAND device */
286 chipnr = (int)(offset >> chip->chip_shift);
287 chip->select_chip(mtd, chipnr);
290 if ((offset & (mtd->writesize - 1)) != 0) {
291 printf ("nand_get_lock_status: "
292 "Start address must be beginning of "
298 /* check the Lock Status */
299 page = (int)(offset >> chip->page_shift);
300 chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_LOCK_STATUS, -1, page & chip->pagemask);
302 ret = chip->read_byte(mtd) & (NAND_LOCK_STATUS_TIGHT
303 | NAND_LOCK_STATUS_LOCK
304 | NAND_LOCK_STATUS_UNLOCK);
307 /* de-select the NAND device */
308 chip->select_chip(mtd, -1);
313 * nand_unlock: - Unlock area of NAND pages
314 * only one consecutive area can be unlocked at one time!
316 * @param mtd nand mtd instance
317 * @param start start byte address
318 * @param length number of bytes to unlock (must be a multiple of
319 * page size nand->writesize)
320 * @param allexcept if set, unlock everything not selected
322 * @return 0 on success, -1 in case of error
324 int nand_unlock(struct mtd_info *mtd, ulong start, ulong length, int allexcept)
330 struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv;
332 debug("nand_unlock%s: start: %08x, length: %d!\n",
333 allexcept ? " (allexcept)" : "", start, length);
335 /* select the NAND device */
336 chipnr = (int)(start >> chip->chip_shift);
337 chip->select_chip(mtd, chipnr);
339 /* check the WP bit */
340 chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_STATUS, -1, -1);
341 if (!(chip->read_byte(mtd) & NAND_STATUS_WP)) {
342 printf ("nand_unlock: Device is write protected!\n");
347 if ((start & (mtd->erasesize - 1)) != 0) {
348 printf ("nand_unlock: Start address must be beginning of "
354 if (length == 0 || (length & (mtd->erasesize - 1)) != 0) {
355 printf ("nand_unlock: Length must be a multiple of nand block "
356 "size %08x!\n", mtd->erasesize);
362 * Set length so that the last address is set to the
363 * starting address of the last block
365 length -= mtd->erasesize;
367 /* submit address of first page to unlock */
368 page = (int)(start >> chip->page_shift);
369 chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_UNLOCK1, -1, page & chip->pagemask);
371 /* submit ADDRESS of LAST page to unlock */
372 page += (int)(length >> chip->page_shift);
375 * Page addresses for unlocking are supposed to be block-aligned.
376 * At least some NAND chips use the low bit to indicate that the
377 * page range should be inverted.
382 chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_UNLOCK2, -1, page & chip->pagemask);
384 /* call wait ready function */
385 status = chip->waitfunc(mtd, chip);
386 /* see if device thinks it succeeded */
388 /* there was an error */
394 /* de-select the NAND device */
395 chip->select_chip(mtd, -1);
403 * Check if there are any bad blocks, and whether length including bad
404 * blocks fits into device
406 * @param nand NAND device
407 * @param offset offset in flash
408 * @param length image length
409 * @return 0 if the image fits and there are no bad blocks
410 * 1 if the image fits, but there are bad blocks
411 * -1 if the image does not fit
413 static int check_skip_len(nand_info_t *nand, loff_t offset, size_t length)
415 size_t len_excl_bad = 0;
418 while (len_excl_bad < length) {
419 size_t block_len, block_off;
422 if (offset >= nand->size)
425 block_start = offset & ~(loff_t)(nand->erasesize - 1);
426 block_off = offset & (nand->erasesize - 1);
427 block_len = nand->erasesize - block_off;
429 if (!nand_block_isbad(nand, block_start))
430 len_excl_bad += block_len;
440 #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_TRIMFFS
441 static size_t drop_ffs(const nand_info_t *nand, const u_char *buf,
446 for (i = l - 1; i >= 0; i--)
450 /* The resulting length must be aligned to the minimum flash I/O size */
452 l = (l + nand->writesize - 1) / nand->writesize;
453 l *= nand->writesize;
456 * since the input length may be unaligned, prevent access past the end
464 * nand_write_skip_bad:
466 * Write image to NAND flash.
467 * Blocks that are marked bad are skipped and the is written to the next
468 * block instead as long as the image is short enough to fit even after
469 * skipping the bad blocks.
471 * @param nand NAND device
472 * @param offset offset in flash
473 * @param length buffer length
474 * @param buffer buffer to read from
475 * @param flags flags modifying the behaviour of the write to NAND
476 * @return 0 in case of success
478 int nand_write_skip_bad(nand_info_t *nand, loff_t offset, size_t *length,
479 u_char *buffer, int flags)
481 int rval = 0, blocksize;
482 size_t left_to_write = *length;
483 u_char *p_buffer = buffer;
486 #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS
487 if (flags & WITH_YAFFS_OOB) {
488 if (flags & ~WITH_YAFFS_OOB)
492 pages = nand->erasesize / nand->writesize;
493 blocksize = (pages * nand->oobsize) + nand->erasesize;
494 if (*length % (nand->writesize + nand->oobsize)) {
495 printf ("Attempt to write incomplete page"
502 blocksize = nand->erasesize;
506 * nand_write() handles unaligned, partial page writes.
508 * We allow length to be unaligned, for convenience in
509 * using the $filesize variable.
511 * However, starting at an unaligned offset makes the
512 * semantics of bad block skipping ambiguous (really,
513 * you should only start a block skipping access at a
514 * partition boundary). So don't try to handle that.
516 if ((offset & (nand->writesize - 1)) != 0) {
517 printf ("Attempt to write non page aligned data\n");
522 need_skip = check_skip_len(nand, offset, *length);
524 printf ("Attempt to write outside the flash area\n");
529 if (!need_skip && !(flags & WITH_DROP_FFS)) {
530 rval = nand_write (nand, offset, length, buffer);
535 printf ("NAND write to offset %llx failed %d\n",
540 while (left_to_write > 0) {
541 size_t block_offset = offset & (nand->erasesize - 1);
542 size_t write_size, truncated_write_size;
546 if (nand_block_isbad (nand, offset & ~(nand->erasesize - 1))) {
547 printf ("Skip bad block 0x%08llx\n",
548 offset & ~(nand->erasesize - 1));
549 offset += nand->erasesize - block_offset;
553 if (left_to_write < (blocksize - block_offset))
554 write_size = left_to_write;
556 write_size = blocksize - block_offset;
558 #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS
559 if (flags & WITH_YAFFS_OOB) {
561 size_t pagesize = nand->writesize;
562 size_t pagesize_oob = pagesize + nand->oobsize;
563 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
566 ops.ooblen = nand->oobsize;
567 ops.mode = MTD_OOB_AUTO;
570 pages = write_size / pagesize_oob;
571 for (page = 0; page < pages; page++) {
574 ops.datbuf = p_buffer;
575 ops.oobbuf = ops.datbuf + pagesize;
577 rval = nand->write_oob(nand, offset, &ops);
582 p_buffer += pagesize_oob;
588 truncated_write_size = write_size;
589 #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_TRIMFFS
590 if (flags & WITH_DROP_FFS)
591 truncated_write_size = drop_ffs(nand, p_buffer,
595 rval = nand_write(nand, offset, &truncated_write_size,
597 offset += write_size;
598 p_buffer += write_size;
602 printf ("NAND write to offset %llx failed %d\n",
604 *length -= left_to_write;
608 left_to_write -= write_size;
615 * nand_read_skip_bad:
617 * Read image from NAND flash.
618 * Blocks that are marked bad are skipped and the next block is readen
619 * instead as long as the image is short enough to fit even after skipping the
622 * @param nand NAND device
623 * @param offset offset in flash
624 * @param length buffer length, on return holds remaining bytes to read
625 * @param buffer buffer to write to
626 * @return 0 in case of success
628 int nand_read_skip_bad(nand_info_t *nand, loff_t offset, size_t *length,
632 size_t left_to_read = *length;
633 u_char *p_buffer = buffer;
636 if ((offset & (nand->writesize - 1)) != 0) {
637 printf ("Attempt to read non page aligned data\n");
642 need_skip = check_skip_len(nand, offset, *length);
644 printf ("Attempt to read outside the flash area\n");
650 rval = nand_read (nand, offset, length, buffer);
651 if (!rval || rval == -EUCLEAN)
655 printf ("NAND read from offset %llx failed %d\n",
660 while (left_to_read > 0) {
661 size_t block_offset = offset & (nand->erasesize - 1);
666 if (nand_block_isbad (nand, offset & ~(nand->erasesize - 1))) {
667 printf ("Skipping bad block 0x%08llx\n",
668 offset & ~(nand->erasesize - 1));
669 offset += nand->erasesize - block_offset;
673 if (left_to_read < (nand->erasesize - block_offset))
674 read_length = left_to_read;
676 read_length = nand->erasesize - block_offset;
678 rval = nand_read (nand, offset, &read_length, p_buffer);
679 if (rval && rval != -EUCLEAN) {
680 printf ("NAND read from offset %llx failed %d\n",
682 *length -= left_to_read;
686 left_to_read -= read_length;
687 offset += read_length;
688 p_buffer += read_length;