5 busybox - I am BusyBox of Borg. Unix will be assimilated.
9 busybox <function> [arguments...] # or
11 <function> [arguments...] # if symlinked
15 BusyBox is a multi-call binary that combines many common Unix utilities into a
16 single executable. Most people will create a link to busybox for each function
17 they wish to use, and BusyBox will act like whatever it was invoked as. For
23 will cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls' (if the 'ls' command has been compiled
24 into busybox). You can also invoke BusyBox by providing it the command to run
25 on the command line. For example,
29 will also cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls'.
31 BusyBox has been written with size-optimization in mind. It is very easy to
32 include or exclude the commands (or features) you want installed. BusyBox
33 tries to make itself useful to small systems with limited resources.
37 Currently defined functions include:
39 basename, cat, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, clear, chvt, cp, date, dd, df,
40 dirname, dmesg, du, dutmp, echo, false, fbset, fdflush, find, free,
41 freeramdisk, deallocvt, fsck.minix, grep, gunzip, gzip, halt, head, hostid,
42 hostname, init, kill, killall, length, ln, loadacm, loadfont, loadkmap, logger,
43 logname, ls, lsmod, makedevs, math, mkdir, mkfifo, mkfs.minix, mknod, mkswap,
44 mnc, more, mount, mt, mv, nslookup, ping, poweroff, printf, ps, pwd, reboot,
45 rm, rmdir, rmmod, sed, sh, sfdisk, sleep, sort, sync, syslogd, swapon, swapoff,
46 tail, tar, test, tee, touch, tr, true, tty, umount, uname, uniq, update,
47 uptime, usleep, wc, whoami, yes, zcat, [
51 Most BusyBox commands support the B<--help> option to provide a
52 terse runtime description of their behavior.
58 Usage: basename [file ...]
60 Strips directory and suffix from filenames.
64 $ basename /usr/local/bin/foo
66 $ basename /usr/local/bin/
69 -------------------------------
75 Concatenates files and prints them to the standard output.
82 -------------------------------
86 Usage: chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
88 Change the group membership of each FILE to GROUP.
92 -R change files and directories recursively
97 -r--r--r-- 1 andersen andersen 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
100 -r--r--r-- 1 andersen root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
102 -------------------------------
106 Usage: chmod [B<-R>] MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
108 Changes file access permissions for the specified file(s) or directory(s).
109 Each MODE is defined by combining the letters for WHO has access to the file,
110 an OPERATOR for selecting how the permissions should be changed, and a
111 PERISSION for the file(s) or directory(s).
113 WHO may be chosen from:
115 u the User who owns the file
116 g users in the file's Group
117 o Other users not in the file's group
120 OPERATOR may be chosen from:
123 - remove a permission
124 = assign a permission
126 PERMISSION may be chosen from:
130 x eXecute (or access for directories)
131 s Set user (or group) ID bit
132 t sTickey bit (for directories prevents removing files by non-owners)
134 Alternately, permissions may be set numerically where the first three
135 numbers are calculated by adding the octal values:
141 An optional fourth digit may also be used to specify
149 -R change files and directories recursively.
154 -rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
157 -rwxrw-r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo*
160 -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
162 -------------------------------
166 Usage: chown [OPTION]... OWNER[.[GROUP] FILE...
168 Changes the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP.
172 -R change files and directories recursively
177 -r--r--r-- 1 andersen andersen 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
178 $ chown root /tmp/foo
180 -r--r--r-- 1 root andersen 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
181 $ chown root.root /tmp/foo
183 -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
185 -------------------------------
189 Usage: chroot NEWROOT [COMMAND...]
191 Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT.
196 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Apr 13 00:46 /bin/ls -> /busybox
197 $ mount /dev/hdc1 /mnt -t minix
200 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 40816 Feb 5 07:45 /bin/ls*
202 -------------------------------
208 -------------------------------
214 Change foreground virtual terminal to /dev/ttyN
216 -------------------------------
220 Usage: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST
222 or: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
224 Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
228 -p preserve file attributes if possable
229 -R copy directories recursively
231 -------------------------------
235 Usage: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
237 or: date [OPTION] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
239 Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.
243 -R output RFC-822 compliant date string
244 -s set time described by STRING
245 -u print or set Coordinated Universal Time
250 Wed Apr 12 18:52:41 MDT 2000
252 -------------------------------
256 Usage: dd [if=name] [of=name] [bs=n] [count=n] [skip=n] [seek=n]
258 Copy a file, converting and formatting according to options
260 if=FILE read from FILE instead of stdin
261 of=FILE write to FILE instead of stdout
262 bs=n read and write n bytes at a time
263 count=n copy only n input blocks
264 skip=n skip n input blocks
265 seek=n skip n output blocks
267 Numbers may be suffixed by w (x2), k (x1024), b (x512), or M (x1024^2)
271 $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ram1 bs=1M count=4
275 -------------------------------
279 Usage: df [filesystem ...]
281 Prints the filesystem space used and space available.
286 Filesystem 1k-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
287 /dev/sda3 8690864 8553540 137324 98% /
288 /dev/sda1 64216 36364 27852 57% /boot
290 Filesystem 1k-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
291 /dev/sda3 8690864 8553540 137324 98% /
293 -------------------------------
299 Strip non-directory suffix from file name
308 -------------------------------
312 Usage: dmesg [B<-c>] [B<-n> level] [B<-s> bufsize]
314 Print or controls the kernel ring buffer.
316 -------------------------------
320 Usage: du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
322 Summarize disk space used for each FILE and/or directory.
323 Disk space is printed in units of 1k (i.e. 1024 bytes).
327 -l count sizes many times if hard linked
328 -s display only a total for each argument
334 12 ./kernel-patches/CVS
344 -------------------------------
350 Dump utmp file format (pipe delimited) from FILE
355 $ dutmp /var/run/utmp
356 8|7||si|||0|0|0|955637625|760097|0
357 2|0|~|~~|reboot||0|0|0|955637625|782235|0
358 1|20020|~|~~|runlevel||0|0|0|955637625|800089|0
359 8|125||l4|||0|0|0|955637629|998367|0
360 6|245|tty1|1|LOGIN||0|0|0|955637630|998974|0
361 6|246|tty2|2|LOGIN||0|0|0|955637630|999498|0
362 7|336|pts/0|vt00andersen|andersen|:0.0|0|0|0|955637763|0|0
364 -------------------------------
368 Usage: echo [-neE] [ARG ...]
370 Prints the specified ARGs to stdout
374 -n suppress trailing newline
375 -e interpret backslash-escaped characters (i.e. \t=tab etc)
376 -E disable interpretation of backslash-escaped characters
380 $ echo "Erik is cool"
382 $ echo -e "Erik\nis\ncool"
386 $ echo "Erik\nis\ncool"
389 -------------------------------
393 Returns an exit code of FALSE (1)
401 -------------------------------
405 Usage: fbset [options] [mode]
407 Show and modify frame buffer device settings
428 # D: 78.653 MHz, H: 59.949 kHz, V: 75.694 Hz
429 geometry 1024 768 1024 768 16
430 timings 12714 128 32 16 4 128 4
432 rgba 5/11,6/5,5/0,0/0
435 -------------------------------
439 Usage: fdflush device
441 Force floppy disk drive to detect disk change
443 -------------------------------
447 Usage: find [PATH...] [EXPRESSION]
449 Search for files in a directory hierarchy. The default PATH is
450 the current directory; default EXPRESSION is '-print'
453 EXPRESSION may consist of:
455 -follow Dereference symbolic links.
456 -name PATTERN File name (leading directories removed) matches PATTERN.
457 -print print the full file name followed by a newline to stdout.
461 $ find / -name /etc/passwd
464 -------------------------------
470 Displays the amount of free and used memory in the system.
475 total used free shared buffers
476 Mem: 257628 248724 8904 59644 93124
477 Swap: 128516 8404 120112
478 Total: 386144 257128 129016
480 -------------------------------
484 Usage: freeramdisk DEVICE
486 Free all memory used by the specified ramdisk.
490 $ freeramdisk /dev/ram2
492 -------------------------------
498 Deallocates unused virtual terminal /dev/ttyN
500 -------------------------------
504 Usage: fsck.minix [B<-larvsmf>] /dev/name
506 Performs a consistency check for MINIX filesystems.
510 -l Lists all filenames
511 -r Perform interactive repairs
512 -a Perform automatic repairs
514 -s Outputs super-block information
515 -m Activates MINIX-like "mode not cleared" warnings
516 -f Force file system check.
518 -------------------------------
522 Usage: grep [OPTIONS]... PATTERN [FILE]...
524 Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input.
528 -h suppress the prefixing filename on output
529 -i ignore case distinctions
530 -n print line number with output lines
531 -q be quiet. Returns 0 if result was found, 1 otherwise
533 This version of grep matches full regular expresions.
537 $ grep root /etc/passwd
538 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
539 $ grep ^[rR]oo. /etc/passwd
540 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
542 -------------------------------
546 Usage: gunzip [OPTION]... FILE
548 Uncompress FILE (or standard input if FILE is '-').
552 -c Write output to standard output
553 -t Test compressed file integrity
557 $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
558 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 557009 Apr 11 10:55 /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar.gz
559 $ gunzip /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar.gz
560 $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
561 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar
563 -------------------------------
567 Usage: gzip [OPTION]... FILE
569 Compress FILE with maximum compression.
570 When FILE is '-', reads standard input. Implies -c.
574 -c Write output to standard output instead of FILE.gz
578 $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
579 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar
580 $ gzip /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar
581 $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
582 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 554058 Apr 14 17:49 /tmp/busybox-0.43.tar.gz
585 -------------------------------
591 This comand halts the system.
593 -------------------------------
597 Usage: head [OPTION] [FILE]...
599 Print first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
600 With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the
601 file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
605 -n NUM Print first NUM lines instead of first 10
609 $ head -n 2 /etc/passwd
610 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
611 daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh
613 -------------------------------
619 Prints out a unique 32-bit identifier for the current
620 machine. The 32-bit identifier is intended to be unique
621 among all UNIX systems in existence.
623 -------------------------------
627 Usage: hostname [OPTION] {hostname | B<-F> file}
629 Get or set the hostname or DNS domain name. If a hostname is given
630 (or a file with the B<-F> parameter), the host name will be set.
635 -i Addresses for the hostname
637 -F FILE Use the contents of FILE to specify the hostname
644 -------------------------------
650 Init is the parent of all processes.
652 This version of init is designed to be run only by the kernel.
654 BusyBox init doesn't support multiple runlevels. The runlevels field of
655 the /etc/inittab file is completely ignored by BusyBox init. If you want
656 runlevels, use sysvinit.
658 BusyBox init works just fine without an inittab. If no inittab is found,
659 it has the following default behavior:
661 ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
664 if it detects that /dev/console is _not_ a serial console, it will also run:
666 tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh
668 If you choose to use an /etc/inittab file, the inittab entry format is as follows:
670 <id>:<runlevels>:<action>:<process>
674 WARNING: This field has a non-traditional meaning for BusyBox init!
675 The id field is used by BusyBox init to specify the controlling tty for
676 the specified process to run on. The contents of this field are
677 appended to "/dev/" and used as-is. There is no need for this field to
678 be unique, although if it isn't you may have strange results. If this
679 field is left blank, it is completely ignored. Also note that if
680 BusyBox detects that a serial console is in use, then all entries
681 containing non-empty id fields will _not_ be run. BusyBox init does
682 nothing with utmp. We don't need no stinkin' utmp.
686 The runlevels field is completely ignored.
690 Valid actions include: sysinit, respawn, askfirst, wait,
691 once, and ctrlaltdel.
693 askfirst acts just like respawn, but before running the specified
694 process it displays the line "Please press Enter to activate this
695 console." and then waits for the user to press enter before starting
696 the specified process.
698 Unrecognised actions (like initdefault) will cause init to emit
699 an error message, and then go along with its business.
703 Specifies the process to be executed and it's command line.
706 Example /etc/inittab file:
708 # This is run first except when booting in single-user mode.
710 ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
712 # /bin/sh invocations on selected ttys
714 # Start an "askfirst" shell on the console (whatever that may be)
716 # Start an "askfirst" shell on /dev/tty2
717 tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh
719 # /sbin/getty invocations for selected ttys
721 tty4::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty4
722 tty5::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty5
725 # Example of how to put a getty on a serial line (for a terminal)
727 #ttyS0::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS0 9600 vt100
728 #ttyS1::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS1 9600 vt100
730 # Example how to put a getty on a modem line.
731 #ttyS2::respawn:/sbin/getty -x0 -s 57600 ttyS2
733 # Stuff to do before rebooting
734 ::ctrlaltdel:/bin/umount -a -r > /dev/null 2>&1
735 ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/swapoff -a > /dev/null 2>&1
737 -------------------------------
741 Usage: kill [B<-signal>] process-id [process-id ...]
743 Send a signal (default is SIGTERM) to the specified process(es).
747 -l List all signal names and numbers.
752 252 root root S [apache]
753 263 www-data www-data S [apache]
754 264 www-data www-data S [apache]
755 265 www-data www-data S [apache]
756 266 www-data www-data S [apache]
757 267 www-data www-data S [apache]
760 -------------------------------
764 Usage: killall [-signal] process-name [process-name ...]
766 Send a signal (default is SIGTERM) to the specified process(es).
769 -l List all signal names and numbers.
775 -------------------------------
781 Prints out the length of the specified string.
787 -------------------------------
791 Usage: ln [OPTION] TARGET... LINK_NAME|DIRECTORY
792 Create a link named LINK_NAME or DIRECTORY to the specified TARGET
796 -s make symbolic links instead of hard links
797 -f remove existing destination files
801 $ ln -s busybox /tmp/ls
802 [andersen@debian busybox]$ ls -l /tmp/ls
803 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Apr 12 18:39 ls -> busybox*
805 -------------------------------
811 -------------------------------
817 -------------------------------
823 -------------------------------
827 Usage: logger [OPTION]... [MESSAGE]
829 Write MESSAGE to the system log. If MESSAGE is '-', log stdin.
833 -s Log to stderr as well as the system log.
834 -t Log using the specified tag (defaults to user name).
835 -p Enter the message with the specified priority.
836 This may be numerical or a ``facility.level'' pair.
842 -------------------------------
848 Print the name of the current user.
855 -------------------------------
859 Usage: ls [B<-1acdelnpuxACF>] [filenames...]
863 -a do not hide entries starting with .
864 -c with -l: show ctime (the time of last
865 modification of file status information)
866 -d list directory entries instead of contents
867 -e list both full date and full time
868 -l use a long listing format
869 -n list numeric UIDs and GIDs instead of names
870 -p append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries
871 -u with -l: show access time (the time of last
873 -x list entries by lines instead of by columns
874 -A do not list implied . and ..
875 -C list entries by columns
876 -F append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries
878 -------------------------------
884 Shows a list of all currently loaded kernel modules.
886 -------------------------------
890 Usage: makedevs NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR FIRST LAST [s]
892 Creates a range of block or character special files
896 b: Make a block (buffered) device.
897 c or u: Make a character (un-buffered) device.
898 p: Make a named pipe. MAJOR and MINOR are ignored for named pipes.
900 FIRST specifies the number appended to NAME to create the first device.
901 LAST specifies the number of the last item that should be created.
902 If 's' is the last argument, the base device is created as well.
906 $ makedevs /dev/ttyS c 4 66 2 63
907 [creates ttyS2-ttyS63]
908 $ makedevs /dev/hda b 3 0 0 8 s
909 [creates hda,hda1-hda8]
911 -------------------------------
915 Usage: math expression ...
917 This is a Tiny RPN calculator that understands the
918 following operations: +, -, /, *, and, or, not, eor.
924 $ math 8 8 \* 2 2 + /
931 -------------------------------
935 Usage: mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY...
937 Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist
941 -m set permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask
942 -p no error if dir exists, make parent directories as needed
948 /tmp/foo: File exists
949 $ mkdir /tmp/foo/bar/baz
950 /tmp/foo/bar/baz: No such file or directory
951 $ mkdir -p /tmp/foo/bar/baz
953 -------------------------------
957 Usage: mkfifo [OPTIONS] name
959 Creates a named pipe (identical to 'mknod name p')
962 -m create the pipe using the specified mode (default a=rw)
964 -------------------------------
968 Usage: mkfs.minix [B<-c> | B<-l> filename] [B<-nXX>] [B<-iXX>] /dev/name [blocks]
970 Make a MINIX filesystem.
974 -c Check the device for bad blocks
975 -n [14|30] Specify the maximum length of filenames
976 -i Specify the number of inodes for the filesystem
977 -l FILENAME Read the bad blocks list from FILENAME
978 -v Make a Minix version 2 filesystem
980 -------------------------------
984 Usage: mknod [OPTIONS] NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR
986 Create a special file (block, character, or pipe).
989 -m create the special file using the specified mode (default a=rw)
992 b: Make a block (buffered) device.
993 c or u: Make a character (un-buffered) device.
994 p: Make a named pipe. MAJOR and MINOR are ignored for named pipes.
998 $ mknod /dev/fd0 b 2 0
999 $ mknod -m 644 /tmp/pipe p
1001 -------------------------------
1005 Usage: mkswap [B<-c>] [B<-v0>|B<-v1>] device [block-count]
1007 Prepare a disk partition to be used as a swap partition.
1011 -c Check for read-ability.
1012 -v0 Make version 0 swap [max 128 Megs].
1013 -v1 Make version 1 swap [big!] (default for kernels > 2.1.117).
1014 block-count Number of block to use (default is entire partition).
1016 -------------------------------
1020 Usage: mnc [IP] [port]
1022 mini-netcat opens a pipe to IP:port
1026 $ mnc foobar.somedomain.com 25
1027 220 foobar ESMTP Exim 3.12 #1 Sat, 15 Apr 2000 00:03:02 -0600
1029 214-Commands supported:
1030 214- HELO EHLO MAIL RCPT DATA AUTH
1031 214 NOOP QUIT RSET HELP
1033 221 foobar closing connection
1035 -------------------------------
1039 Usage: more [file ...]
1041 More is a filter for paging through text one screenful at a time.
1047 -------------------------------
1051 Usage: mount [flags]
1052 mount [flags] device directory [B<-o> options,more-options]
1056 -a: Mount all file systems in fstab.
1057 -o option: One of many filesystem options, listed below.
1058 -r: Mount the filesystem read-only.
1059 -t filesystem-type: Specify the filesystem type.
1060 -w: Mount for reading and writing (default).
1062 Options for use with the "B<-o>" flag:
1064 async / sync: Writes are asynchronous / synchronous.
1065 dev / nodev: Allow use of special device files / disallow them.
1066 exec / noexec: Allow use of executable files / disallow them.
1067 loop: Mounts a file via loop device.
1068 suid / nosuid: Allow set-user-id-root programs / disallow them.
1069 remount: Re-mount a currently-mounted filesystem, changing its flags.
1070 ro / rw: Mount for read-only / read-write.
1071 There are EVEN MORE flags that are specific to each filesystem.
1072 You'll have to see the written documentation for those.
1077 /dev/hda3 on / type minix (rw)
1078 proc on /proc type proc (rw)
1079 devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw)
1080 $ mount /dev/fd0 /mnt -t msdos -o ro
1081 $ mount /tmp/diskimage /opt -t ext2 -o loop
1083 -------------------------------
1087 Usage: mt [-f device] opcode value
1089 Control magnetic tape drive operation
1091 -------------------------------
1095 Usage: mv SOURCE DEST
1097 or: mv SOURCE... DIRECTORY
1099 Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
1103 $ mv /tmp/foo /bin/bar
1105 -------------------------------
1109 Usage: nslookup [HOST]
1111 Queries the nameserver for the IP address of the given HOST
1115 $ nslookup localhost
1122 -------------------------------
1126 Usage: ping [OPTION]... host
1128 Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts.
1132 -c COUNT Send only COUNT pings.
1133 -q Quiet mode, only displays output at start
1138 PING slag (127.0.0.1): 56 data bytes
1139 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=20.1 ms
1141 --- debian ping statistics ---
1142 1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
1143 round-trip min/avg/max = 20.1/20.1/20.1 ms
1145 -------------------------------
1149 Shuts down the system, and requests that the kernel turn off power upon halting.
1151 -------------------------------
1155 Usage: printf format [argument...]
1157 Formats and prints the given data in a manner similar to the C printf command.
1161 $ printf "Val=%d\n" 5
1164 -------------------------------
1170 Report process status
1172 This version of ps accepts no options.
1177 PID Uid Gid State Command
1179 2 root root S [kflushd]
1180 3 root root S [kupdate]
1181 4 root root S [kpiod]
1182 5 root root S [kswapd]
1183 742 andersen andersen S [bash]
1184 743 andersen andersen S -bash
1185 745 root root S [getty]
1186 2990 andersen andersen R ps
1188 -------------------------------
1192 Prints the full filename of the current working directory.
1199 -------------------------------
1203 Instructs the kernel to reboot the system.
1205 -------------------------------
1209 Usage: rm [OPTION]... FILE...
1211 Remove (unlink) the FILE(s).
1215 -f remove existing destinations, never prompt
1216 -r or -R remove the contents of directories recursively
1222 -------------------------------
1226 Usage: rmdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...
1228 Remove the DIRECTORY(ies), if they are empty.
1234 -------------------------------
1238 Usage: rmmod [OPTION]... [MODULE]...
1240 Unloads the specified kernel modules from the kernel.
1244 -a Try to remove all unused kernel modules.
1250 -------------------------------
1254 Usage: sed [-n] -e script [file...]
1256 Allowed sed scripts come in the following form:
1260 where address ADDR can be:
1261 NUMBER Match specified line number
1263 /REGEXP/ Match specified regexp
1264 (! inverts the meaning of the match)
1267 s/regexp/replacement/[igp]
1268 which attempt to match regexp against the pattern space
1269 and if successful replaces the matched portion with replacement.
1272 which appends TEXT after the pattern space
1276 -e add the script to the commands to be executed
1277 -n suppress automatic printing of pattern space
1279 This version of sed matches full regular expresions.
1283 $ echo "foo" | sed -e 's/f[a-zA-Z]o/bar/g'
1286 -------------------------------
1292 -------------------------------
1296 Usage: sfdisk [options] device ...
1298 device: something like /dev/hda or /dev/sda
1302 -s [or --show-size]: list size of a partition
1303 -c [or --id]: print or change partition Id
1304 -l [or --list]: list partitions of each device
1305 -d [or --dump]: idem, but in a format suitable for later input
1306 -i [or --increment]: number cylinders etc. from 1 instead of from 0
1307 -uS, -uB, -uC, -uM: accept/report in units of sectors/blocks/cylinders/MB
1308 -T [or --list-types]:list the known partition types
1309 -D [or --DOS]: for DOS-compatibility: waste a little space
1310 -R [or --re-read]: make kernel reread partition table
1311 -N# : change only the partition with number #
1312 -n : do not actually write to disk
1313 -O file : save the sectors that will be overwritten to file
1314 -I file : restore these sectors again
1315 -v [or --version]: print version
1316 -? [or --help]: print this message
1320 -g [or --show-geometry]: print the kernel's idea of the geometry
1321 -x [or --show-extended]: also list extended partitions on output
1323 or expect descriptors for them on input
1324 -L [or --Linux]: do not complain about things irrelevant for Linux
1325 -q [or --quiet]: suppress warning messages
1326 You can override the detected geometry using:
1327 -C# [or --cylinders #]:set the number of cylinders to use
1328 -H# [or --heads #]: set the number of heads to use
1329 -S# [or --sectors #]: set the number of sectors to use
1331 You can disable all consistency checking with:
1333 -f [or --force]: do what I say, even if it is stupid
1335 -------------------------------
1341 Pause for N seconds.
1346 [2 second delay results]
1348 -------------------------------
1352 Usage: sort [-n] [-r] [FILE]...
1354 Sorts lines of text in the specified files
1358 $ echo -e "e\nf\nb\nd\nc\na" | sort
1366 -------------------------------
1372 Write all buffered filesystem blocks to disk.
1374 -------------------------------
1378 Usage: syslogd [OPTION]...
1380 Linux system and kernel (provides klogd) logging utility.
1381 Note that this version of syslogd/klogd ignores /etc/syslog.conf.
1385 -m Change the mark timestamp interval. default=20min. 0=off
1386 -n Do not fork into the background (for when run by init)
1387 -K Do not start up the klogd process (by default syslogd spawns klogd).
1388 -O Specify an alternate log file. default=/var/log/messages
1390 -------------------------------
1394 Usage: swapon [OPTION] [device]
1396 Start swapping virtual memory pages on the given device.
1400 -a Start swapping on all swap devices
1402 -------------------------------
1406 Usage: swapoff [OPTION] [device]
1408 Stop swapping virtual memory pages on the given device.
1412 -a Stop swapping on all swap devices
1414 -------------------------------
1418 Usage: tail [OPTION] [FILE]...
1420 Print last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
1421 With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the
1422 file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
1426 -n NUM Print last NUM lines instead of first 10
1427 -f Output data as the file grows. This version
1428 of 'tail -f' supports only one file at a time.
1432 $ tail -n 1 /etc/resolv.conf
1435 -------------------------------
1439 Usage: tar -[cxtvO] [--exclude File] [-f tarFile] [FILE] ...
1441 Create, extract, or list files from a tar file. Note that
1442 this version of tar treats hard links as separate files.
1444 Main operation mode:
1452 f name of tarfile or "-" for stdin
1454 --exclude file to exclude
1458 v verbosely list files processed
1462 $ zcat /tmp/tarball.tar.gz | tar -xf -
1463 $ tar -cf /tmp/tarball.tar /usr/local
1465 -------------------------------
1469 Usage: test EXPRESSION
1472 Checks file types and compares values returning an exit
1473 code determined by the value of EXPRESSION.
1490 -------------------------------
1494 Usage: tee [OPTION]... [FILE]...
1496 Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output.
1500 -a append to the given FILEs, do not overwrite
1504 $ echo "Hello" | tee /tmp/foo
1508 -------------------------------
1512 Usage: touch [-c] file [file ...]
1514 Update the last-modified date on (or create) the selected file[s].
1519 /bin/ls: /tmp/foo: No such file or directory
1522 -rw-rw-r-- 1 andersen andersen 0 Apr 15 01:11 /tmp/foo
1524 -------------------------------
1528 Usage: tr [-csu] string1 string2
1531 tr [-cu] -ds string1 string2
1533 Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard
1534 input, writing to standard output.
1538 $ echo "gdkkn vnqkc" | tr [a-y] [b-z]
1541 -------------------------------
1545 Returns an exit code of TRUE (0)
1553 -------------------------------
1559 -------------------------------
1565 -------------------------------
1571 -------------------------------
1577 -------------------------------
1583 -------------------------------
1589 -------------------------------
1595 -------------------------------
1601 -------------------------------
1607 -------------------------------
1613 -------------------------------
1619 -------------------------------
1625 textutils(1), shellutils(1), etc...
1629 Erik Andersen <erik@lineo.com>
1633 The following people have contributed code to BusyBox whether
1634 they know it or not.
1636 Erik Andersen <erik@lineo.com>
1640 John Beppu <beppu@lineo.com>
1644 Brian Candler <B.Candler@pobox.com>
1648 Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>
1652 Dave Cinege <dcinege@psychosis.com>
1656 Karl M. Hegbloom <karlheg@debian.org>
1660 Bruce Perens <bruce@perens.com>
1664 Linus Torvalds <torvalds@transmeta.com>
1668 Charles P. Wright <cpwright@villagenet.com>
1672 Enrique Zanardi <ezanardi@ull.es>
1678 # $Id: busybox.pod,v 1.10 2000/04/15 16:34:54 erik Exp $