1 Minetest Lua Modding API Reference 0.4.13
2 =========================================
3 * More information at <http://www.minetest.net/>
4 * Developer Wiki: <http://dev.minetest.net/>
8 Content and functionality can be added to Minetest 0.4 by using Lua
9 scripting in run-time loaded mods.
11 A mod is a self-contained bunch of scripts, textures and other related
12 things that is loaded by and interfaces with Minetest.
14 Mods are contained and ran solely on the server side. Definitions and media
15 files are automatically transferred to the client.
17 If you see a deficiency in the API, feel free to attempt to add the
18 functionality in the engine and API. You can send such improvements as
19 source code patches to <celeron55@gmail.com>.
23 If you have any difficulty in understanding this, please read
24 [Programming in Lua](http://www.lua.org/pil/).
28 Mods are loaded during server startup from the mod load paths by running
29 the `init.lua` scripts in a shared environment.
33 * `RUN_IN_PLACE=1` (Windows release, local build)
35 * Linux: `<build directory>`
36 * Windows: `<build directory>`
38 * Linux: `<build directory>`
39 * Windows: `<build directory>`
40 * `RUN_IN_PLACE=0`: (Linux release)
42 * Linux: `/usr/share/minetest`
43 * Windows: `<install directory>/minetest-0.4.x`
45 * Linux: `$HOME/.minetest`
46 * Windows: `C:/users/<user>/AppData/minetest` (maybe)
50 Games are looked up from:
52 * `$path_share/games/gameid/`
53 * `$path_user/games/gameid/`
55 where `gameid` is unique to each game.
57 The game directory contains the file `game.conf`, which contains these fields:
59 name = <Human-readable full name of the game>
65 The game directory can contain the file minetest.conf, which will be used
66 to set default settings when running the particular game.
67 It can also contain a settingtypes.txt in the same format as the one in builtin.
68 This settingtypes.txt will be parsed by the menu and the settings will be displayed in the "Games" category in the settings tab.
72 Games can provide custom main menu images. They are put inside a `menu` directory inside the game directory.
74 The images are named `$identifier.png`, where `$identifier` is one of `overlay,background,footer,header`.
75 If you want to specify multiple images for one identifier, add additional images named like `$identifier.$n.png`, with an ascending number $n starting with 1,
76 and a random image will be chosen from the provided ones.
83 * `$path_share/games/gameid/mods/`
85 * `$path_user/games/gameid/mods/`
86 * `$path_user/mods/` (User-installed mods)
87 * `$worldpath/worldmods/`
89 In a run-in-place version (e.g. the distributed windows version):
91 * `minetest-0.4.x/games/gameid/mods/`
92 * `minetest-0.4.x/mods/` (User-installed mods)
93 * `minetest-0.4.x/worlds/worldname/worldmods/`
95 On an installed version on Linux:
97 * `/usr/share/minetest/games/gameid/mods/`
98 * `$HOME/.minetest/mods/` (User-installed mods)
99 * `$HOME/.minetest/worlds/worldname/worldmods`
101 Mod load path for world-specific games
102 --------------------------------------
103 It is possible to include a game in a world; in this case, no mods or
104 games are loaded or checked from anywhere else.
106 This is useful for e.g. adventure worlds.
108 This happens if the following directory exists:
112 Mods should be then be placed in:
118 Mods can be put in a subdirectory, if the parent directory, which otherwise
119 should be a mod, contains a file named `modpack.txt`. This file shall be
120 empty, except for lines starting with `#`, which are comments.
122 Mod directory structure
123 ------------------------
129 | |-- description.txt
130 | |-- settingtypes.txt
134 | | |-- modname_stuff.png
135 | | `-- modname_something_else.png
143 The location of this directory can be fetched by using
144 `minetest.get_modpath(modname)`.
147 List of mods that have to be loaded before loading this mod.
149 A single line contains a single modname.
151 Optional dependencies can be defined by appending a question mark
152 to a single modname. Their meaning is that if the specified mod
153 is missing, that does not prevent this mod from being loaded.
156 A screenshot shown in modmanager within mainmenu.
158 ### `description.txt`
159 A File containing description to be shown within mainmenu.
161 ### `settingtypes.txt`
162 A file in the same format as the one in builtin. It will be parsed by the
163 settings menu and the settings will be displayed in the "Mods" category.
166 The main Lua script. Running this script should register everything it
167 wants to register. Subsequent execution depends on minetest calling the
168 registered callbacks.
170 `minetest.setting_get(name)` and `minetest.setting_getbool(name)` can be used
171 to read custom or existing settings at load time, if necessary.
174 Models for entities or meshnodes.
176 ### `textures`, `sounds`, `media`
177 Media files (textures, sounds, whatever) that will be transferred to the
178 client and will be available for use by the mod.
180 Naming convention for registered textual names
181 ----------------------------------------------
182 Registered names should generally be in this format:
184 "modname:<whatever>" (<whatever> can have characters a-zA-Z0-9_)
186 This is to prevent conflicting names from corrupting maps and is
187 enforced by the mod loader.
190 In the mod `experimental`, there is the ideal item/node/entity name `tnt`.
191 So the name should be `experimental:tnt`.
193 Enforcement can be overridden by prefixing the name with `:`. This can
194 be used for overriding the registrations of some other mod.
196 Example: Any mod can redefine `experimental:tnt` by using the name
201 (also that mod is required to have `experimental` as a dependency)
203 The `:` prefix can also be used for maintaining backwards compatibility.
206 Aliases can be added by using `minetest.register_alias(name, convert_to)`.
208 This will make Minetest to convert things called name to things called
211 This can be used for maintaining backwards compatibility.
213 This can be also used for setting quick access names for things, e.g. if
214 you have an item called `epiclylongmodname:stuff`, you could do
216 minetest.register_alias("stuff", "epiclylongmodname:stuff")
218 and be able to use `/giveme stuff`.
222 Mods should generally prefix their textures with `modname_`, e.g. given
223 the mod name `foomod`, a texture could be called:
227 Textures are referred to by their complete name, or alternatively by
228 stripping out the file extension:
230 * e.g. `foomod_foothing.png`
231 * e.g. `foomod_foothing`
235 There are various texture modifiers that can be used
236 to generate textures on-the-fly.
238 ### Texture overlaying
239 Textures can be overlaid by putting a `^` between them.
243 default_dirt.png^default_grass_side.png
245 `default_grass_side.png` is overlayed over `default_dirt.png`.
248 Textures can be grouped together by enclosing them in `(` and `)`.
250 Example: `cobble.png^(thing1.png^thing2.png)`
252 A texture for `thing1.png^thing2.png` is created and the resulting
253 texture is overlaid over `cobble.png`.
255 ### Advanced texture modifiers
257 #### `[crack:<n>:<p>`
258 * `<n>` = animation frame count
259 * `<p>` = current animation frame
261 Draw a step of the crack animation on the texture.
265 default_cobble.png^[crack:10:1
267 #### `[combine:<w>x<h>:<x1>,<y1>=<file1>:<x2>,<y2>=<file2>:...`
272 * `<file>` = texture to combine
274 Creates a texture of size `<w>` times `<h>` and blits the listed files to their
275 specified coordinates.
279 [combine:16x32:0,0=default_cobble.png:0,16=default_wood.png
282 Brightens the texture.
286 tnt_tnt_side.png^[brighten
289 Makes the texture completely opaque.
293 default_leaves.png^[noalpha
295 #### `[makealpha:<r>,<g>,<b>`
296 Convert one color to transparency.
300 default_cobble.png^[makealpha:128,128,128
303 * `<t>` = transformation(s) to apply
305 Rotates and/or flips the image.
307 `<t>` can be a number (between 0 and 7) or a transform name.
308 Rotations are counter-clockwise.
311 1 R90 rotate by 90 degrees
312 2 R180 rotate by 180 degrees
313 3 R270 rotate by 270 degrees
315 5 FXR90 flip X then rotate by 90 degrees
317 7 FYR90 flip Y then rotate by 90 degrees
321 default_stone.png^[transformFXR90
323 #### `[inventorycube{<top>{<left>{<right>`
324 `^` is replaced by `&` in texture names.
326 Create an inventory cube texture using the side textures.
330 [inventorycube{grass.png{dirt.png&grass_side.png{dirt.png&grass_side.png
332 Creates an inventorycube with `grass.png`, `dirt.png^grass_side.png` and
333 `dirt.png^grass_side.png` textures
335 #### `[lowpart:<percent>:<file>`
336 Blit the lower `<percent>`% part of `<file>` on the texture.
340 base.png^[lowpart:25:overlay.png
342 #### `[verticalframe:<t>:<n>`
343 * `<t>` = animation frame count
344 * `<n>` = current animation frame
346 Crops the texture to a frame of a vertical animation.
350 default_torch_animated.png^[verticalframe:16:8
353 Apply a mask to the base image.
355 The mask is applied using binary AND.
357 #### `[colorize:<color>:<ratio>`
358 Colorize the textures with the given color.
359 `<color>` is specified as a `ColorString`.
360 `<ratio>` is an int ranging from 0 to 255, and specifies how much of the
361 color to apply. If ommitted, the alpha will be used.
365 Only Ogg Vorbis files are supported.
367 For positional playing of sounds, only single-channel (mono) files are
368 supported. Otherwise OpenAL will play them non-positionally.
370 Mods should generally prefix their sounds with `modname_`, e.g. given
371 the mod name "`foomod`", a sound could be called:
375 Sounds are referred to by their name with a dot, a single digit and the
376 file extension stripped out. When a sound is played, the actual sound file
377 is chosen randomly from the matching sounds.
379 When playing the sound `foomod_foosound`, the sound is chosen randomly
380 from the available ones of the following files:
382 * `foomod_foosound.ogg`
383 * `foomod_foosound.0.ogg`
384 * `foomod_foosound.1.ogg`
386 * `foomod_foosound.9.ogg`
388 Examples of sound parameter tables:
390 -- Play location-less on all clients
392 gain = 1.0, -- default
394 -- Play location-less to a player
397 gain = 1.0, -- default
399 -- Play in a location
402 gain = 1.0, -- default
403 max_hear_distance = 32, -- default, uses an euclidean metric
405 -- Play connected to an object, looped
407 object = <an ObjectRef>,
408 gain = 1.0, -- default
409 max_hear_distance = 32, -- default, uses an euclidean metric
410 loop = true, -- only sounds connected to objects can be looped
413 ### `SimpleSoundSpec`
415 * e.g. `"default_place_node"`
417 * e.g. `{name="default_place_node"}`
418 * e.g. `{name="default_place_node", gain=1.0}`
420 Registered definitions of stuff
421 -------------------------------
422 Anything added using certain `minetest.register_*` functions get added to
423 the global `minetest.registered_*` tables.
425 * `minetest.register_entity(name, prototype table)`
426 * added to `minetest.registered_entities[name]`
428 * `minetest.register_node(name, node definition)`
429 * added to `minetest.registered_items[name]`
430 * added to `minetest.registered_nodes[name]`
432 * `minetest.register_tool(name, item definition)`
433 * added to `minetest.registered_items[name]`
435 * `minetest.register_craftitem(name, item definition)`
436 * added to `minetest.registered_items[name]`
438 * `minetest.register_biome(biome definition)`
439 * returns an integer uniquely identifying the registered biome
440 * added to `minetest.registered_biome` with the key of `biome.name`
441 * if `biome.name` is nil, the key is the returned ID
443 * `minetest.register_ore(ore definition)`
444 * returns an integer uniquely identifying the registered ore
445 * added to `minetest.registered_ores` with the key of `ore.name`
446 * if `ore.name` is nil, the key is the returned ID
448 * `minetest.register_decoration(decoration definition)`
449 * returns an integer uniquely identifying the registered decoration
450 * added to `minetest.registered_decorations` with the key of `decoration.name`
451 * if `decoration.name` is nil, the key is the returned ID
453 * `minetest.register_schematic(schematic definition)`
454 * returns an integer uniquely identifying the registered schematic
455 * added to `minetest.registered_schematic` with the key of `schematic.name`
456 * if `schematic.name` is nil, the key is the returned ID
457 * if the schematic is loaded from a file, schematic.name is set to the filename
458 * if the function is called when loading the mod, and schematic.name is a relative path,
459 * then the current mod path will be prepended to the schematic filename
461 * `minetest.clear_registered_biomes()`
462 * clears all biomes currently registered
464 * `minetest.clear_registered_ores()`
465 * clears all ores currently registered
467 * `minetest.clear_registered_decorations()`
468 * clears all decorations currently registered
470 * `minetest.clear_registered_schematics()`
471 * clears all schematics currently registered
473 Note that in some cases you will stumble upon things that are not contained
474 in these tables (e.g. when a mod has been removed). Always check for
475 existence before trying to access the fields.
477 Example: If you want to check the drawtype of a node, you could do:
479 local function get_nodedef_field(nodename, fieldname)
480 if not minetest.registered_nodes[nodename] then
483 return minetest.registered_nodes[nodename][fieldname]
485 local drawtype = get_nodedef_field(nodename, "drawtype")
487 Example: `minetest.get_item_group(name, group)` has been implemented as:
489 function minetest.get_item_group(name, group)
490 if not minetest.registered_items[name] or not
491 minetest.registered_items[name].groups[group] then
494 return minetest.registered_items[name].groups[group]
499 Nodes are the bulk data of the world: cubes and other things that take the
500 space of a cube. Huge amounts of them are handled efficiently, but they
503 The definition of a node is stored and can be accessed by name in
505 minetest.registered_nodes[node.name]
507 See "Registered definitions of stuff".
509 Nodes are passed by value between Lua and the engine.
510 They are represented by a table:
512 {name="name", param1=num, param2=num}
514 `param1` and `param2` are 8-bit integers. The engine uses them for certain
515 automated functions. If you don't use these functions, you can use them to
516 store arbitrary values.
518 The functions of `param1` and `param2` are determined by certain fields in the
521 `param1` is reserved for the engine when `paramtype != "none"`:
524 ^ The value stores light with and without sun in its upper and lower 4 bits
525 respectively. Allows light to propagate from or through the node with
526 light value falling by 1 per node. This is essential for a light source
527 node to spread its light.
529 `param2` is reserved for the engine when any of these are used:
531 liquidtype == "flowing"
532 ^ The level and some flags of the liquid is stored in param2
533 drawtype == "flowingliquid"
534 ^ The drawn liquid level is read from param2
535 drawtype == "torchlike"
536 drawtype == "signlike"
537 paramtype2 == "wallmounted"
538 ^ The rotation of the node is stored in param2. You can make this value
539 by using minetest.dir_to_wallmounted().
540 paramtype2 == "facedir"
541 ^ The rotation of the node is stored in param2. Furnaces and chests are
542 rotated this way. Can be made by using minetest.dir_to_facedir().
544 facedir modulo 4 = axisdir
545 0 = y+ 1 = z+ 2 = z- 3 = x+ 4 = x- 5 = y-
546 facedir's two less significant bits are rotation around the axis
547 paramtype2 == "leveled"
548 paramtype2 == "degrotate"
549 ^ The rotation of this node is stored in param2. Plants are rotated this way.
550 Values range 0 - 179. The value stored in param2 is multiplied by two to
551 get the actual rotation of the node.
555 {-0.5, -0.5, -0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5},
558 ^ defines list of collision boxes for the node. If empty, collision boxes
559 will be the same as nodeboxes, in case of any other nodes will be full cube
560 as in the example above.
562 Nodes can also contain extra data. See "Node Metadata".
566 There are a bunch of different looking node types.
568 Look for examples in `games/minimal` or `games/minetest_game`.
576 * `glasslike_framed_optional`
578 * `allfaces_optional`
585 * `nodebox` -- See below. (**Experimental!**)
586 * `mesh` -- use models for nodes
588 `*_optional` drawtypes need less rendering time if deactivated (always client side).
592 Node selection boxes are defined using "node boxes"
594 The `nodebox` node drawtype allows defining visual of nodes consisting of
595 arbitrary number of boxes. It allows defining stuff like stairs. Only the
596 `fixed` and `leveled` box type is supported for these.
598 Please note that this is still experimental, and may be incompatibly
599 changed in the future.
601 A nodebox is defined as any of:
604 -- A normal cube; the default in most things
608 -- A fixed box (facedir param2 is used, if applicable)
610 fixed = box OR {box1, box2, ...}
613 -- A box like the selection box for torches
614 -- (wallmounted param2 is used, if applicable)
615 type = "wallmounted",
621 A `box` is defined as:
623 {x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2}
625 A box of a regular node would look like:
627 {-0.5, -0.5, -0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5},
629 `type = "leveled"` is same as `type = "fixed"`, but `y2` will be automatically
630 set to level from `param2`.
635 If drawtype `mesh` is used, tiles should hold model materials textures.
636 Only static meshes are implemented.
637 For supported model formats see Irrlicht engine documentation.
642 Noise Parameters, or commonly called "`NoiseParams`", define the properties of
646 Offset that the noise is translated by (i.e. added) after calculation.
649 Factor that the noise is scaled by (i.e. multiplied) after calculation.
652 Vector containing values by which each coordinate is divided by before calculation.
653 Higher spread values result in larger noise features.
655 A value of `{x=250, y=250, z=250}` is common.
658 Random seed for the noise. Add the world seed to a seed offset for world-unique noise.
659 In the case of `minetest.get_perlin()`, this value has the world seed automatically added.
662 Number of times the noise gradient is accumulated into the noise.
664 Increase this number to increase the amount of detail in the resulting noise.
666 A value of `6` is common.
669 Factor by which the effect of the noise gradient function changes with each successive octave.
671 Values less than `1` make the details of successive octaves' noise diminish, while values
672 greater than `1` make successive octaves stronger.
674 A value of `0.6` is common.
677 Factor by which the noise feature sizes change with each successive octave.
679 A value of `2.0` is common.
682 Leave this field unset for no special handling.
684 Currently supported are `defaults`, `eased` and `absvalue`.
687 Specify this if you would like to keep auto-selection of eased/not-eased while specifying
691 Maps noise gradient values onto a quintic S-curve before performing interpolation.
692 This results in smooth, rolling noise. Disable this (`noeased`) for sharp-looking noise.
693 If no flags are specified (or defaults is), 2D noise is eased and 3D noise is not eased.
696 Accumulates the absolute value of each noise gradient result.
698 Noise parameters format example for 2D or 3D perlin noise or perlin noise maps:
702 spread = {x=500, y=500, z=500},
707 flags = "defaults, absvalue"
709 ^ A single noise parameter table can be used to get 2D or 3D noise,
710 when getting 2D noise spread.z is ignored.
715 These tell in what manner the ore is generated.
717 All default ores are of the uniformly-distributed scatter type.
720 Randomly chooses a location and generates a cluster of ore.
722 If `noise_params` is specified, the ore will be placed if the 3D perlin noise at
723 that point is greater than the `noise_threshold`, giving the ability to create
724 a non-equal distribution of ore.
727 Creates a sheet of ore in a blob shape according to the 2D perlin noise
728 described by `noise_params` and `noise_threshold`. This is essentially an
729 improved version of the so-called "stratus" ore seen in some unofficial mods.
731 This sheet consists of vertical columns of uniform randomly distributed height,
732 varying between the inclusive range `column_height_min` and `column_height_max`.
733 If `column_height_min` is not specified, this parameter defaults to 1.
734 If `column_height_max` is not specified, this parameter defaults to `clust_size`
735 for reverse compatibility. New code should prefer `column_height_max`.
737 The `column_midpoint_factor` parameter controls the position of the column at which
738 ore eminates from. If 1, columns grow upward. If 0, columns grow downward. If 0.5,
739 columns grow equally starting from each direction. `column_midpoint_factor` is a
740 decimal number ranging in value from 0 to 1. If this parameter is not specified,
743 The ore parameters `clust_scarcity` and `clust_num_ores` are ignored for this ore type.
746 Creates a sheet of ore in a cloud-like puff shape.
748 As with the `sheet` ore type, the size and shape of puffs are described by
749 `noise_params` and `noise_threshold` and are placed at random vertical positions
750 within the currently generated chunk.
752 The vertical top and bottom displacement of each puff are determined by the noise
753 parameters `np_puff_top` and `np_puff_bottom`, respectively.
757 Creates a deformed sphere of ore according to 3d perlin noise described by
758 `noise_params`. The maximum size of the blob is `clust_size`, and
759 `clust_scarcity` has the same meaning as with the `scatter` type.
762 Creates veins of ore varying in density by according to the intersection of two
763 instances of 3d perlin noise with diffferent seeds, both described by
764 `noise_params`. `random_factor` varies the influence random chance has on
765 placement of an ore inside the vein, which is `1` by default. Note that
766 modifying this parameter may require adjusting `noise_threshold`.
767 The parameters `clust_scarcity`, `clust_num_ores`, and `clust_size` are ignored
768 by this ore type. This ore type is difficult to control since it is sensitive
769 to small changes. The following is a decent set of parameters to work from:
774 spread = {x=200, y=200, z=200},
780 noise_threshold = 1.6
782 WARNING: Use this ore type *very* sparingly since it is ~200x more
783 computationally expensive than any other ore.
787 See section "Flag Specifier Format".
789 Currently supported flags: `absheight`
792 Also produce this same ore between the height range of `-y_max` and `-y_min`.
794 Useful for having ore in sky realms without having to duplicate ore entries.
797 If set, puff ore generation will not taper down large differences in displacement
798 when approaching the edge of a puff. This flag has no effect for ore types other
801 ### `puff_additive_composition`
802 By default, when noise described by `np_puff_top` or `np_puff_bottom` results in a
803 negative displacement, the sub-column at that point is not generated. With this
804 attribute set, puff ore generation will instead generate the absolute difference in
805 noise displacement values. This flag has no effect for ore types other than `puff`.
809 The varying types of decorations that can be placed.
812 Creates a 1 times `H` times 1 column of a specified node (or a random node from
813 a list, if a decoration list is specified). Can specify a certain node it must
814 spawn next to, such as water or lava, for example. Can also generate a
815 decoration of random height between a specified lower and upper bound.
816 This type of decoration is intended for placement of grass, flowers, cacti,
817 papyri, waterlilies and so on.
820 Copies a box of `MapNodes` from a specified schematic file (or raw description).
821 Can specify a probability of a node randomly appearing when placed.
822 This decoration type is intended to be used for multi-node sized discrete
823 structures, such as trees, cave spikes, rocks, and so on.
828 A schematic specifier identifies a schematic by either a filename to a
829 Minetest Schematic file (`.mts`) or through raw data supplied through Lua,
830 in the form of a table. This table specifies the following fields:
832 * The `size` field is a 3D vector containing the dimensions of the provided schematic. (required)
833 * The `yslice_prob` field is a table of {ypos, prob} which sets the `ypos`th vertical slice
834 of the schematic to have a `prob / 256 * 100` chance of occuring. (default: 255)
835 * The `data` field is a flat table of MapNode tables making up the schematic,
836 in the order of `[z [y [x]]]`. (required)
837 Each MapNode table contains:
838 * `name`: the name of the map node to place (required)
839 * `prob` (alias `param1`): the probability of this node being placed (default: 255)
840 * `param2`: the raw param2 value of the node being placed onto the map (default: 0)
841 * `force_place`: boolean representing if the node should forcibly overwrite any
842 previous contents (default: false)
844 About probability values:
845 * A probability value of `0` or `1` means that node will never appear (0% chance).
846 * A probability value of `254` or `255` means the node will always appear (100% chance).
847 * If the probability value `p` is greater than `1`, then there is a
848 `(p / 256 * 100)` percent chance that node will appear when the schematic is
854 See section "Flag Specifier Format".
856 Currently supported flags: `place_center_x`, `place_center_y`, `place_center_z`,
859 * `place_center_x`: Placement of this decoration is centered along the X axis.
860 * `place_center_y`: Placement of this decoration is centered along the Y axis.
861 * `place_center_z`: Placement of this decoration is centered along the Z axis.
862 * `force_placement`: Schematic nodes other than "ignore" will replace existing nodes.
867 The position field is used for all element types.
869 To account for differing resolutions, the position coordinates are the percentage
870 of the screen, ranging in value from `0` to `1`.
872 The name field is not yet used, but should contain a description of what the
873 HUD element represents. The direction field is the direction in which something
876 `0` draws from left to right, `1` draws from right to left, `2` draws from
877 top to bottom, and `3` draws from bottom to top.
879 The `alignment` field specifies how the item will be aligned. It ranges from `-1` to `1`,
880 with `0` being the center, `-1` is moved to the left/up, and `1` is to the right/down.
881 Fractional values can be used.
883 The `offset` field specifies a pixel offset from the position. Contrary to position,
884 the offset is not scaled to screen size. This allows for some precisely-positioned
887 **Note**: `offset` _will_ adapt to screen DPI as well as user defined scaling factor!
889 Below are the specific uses for fields in each type; fields not listed for that type are ignored.
891 **Note**: Future revisions to the HUD API may be incompatible; the HUD API is still
892 in the experimental stages.
895 Displays an image on the HUD.
897 * `scale`: The scale of the image, with 1 being the original texture size.
898 Only the X coordinate scale is used (positive values).
899 Negative values represent that percentage of the screen it
900 should take; e.g. `x=-100` means 100% (width).
901 * `text`: The name of the texture that is displayed.
902 * `alignment`: The alignment of the image.
903 * `offset`: offset in pixels from position.
906 Displays text on the HUD.
908 * `scale`: Defines the bounding rectangle of the text.
909 A value such as `{x=100, y=100}` should work.
910 * `text`: The text to be displayed in the HUD element.
911 * `number`: An integer containing the RGB value of the color used to draw the text.
912 Specify `0xFFFFFF` for white text, `0xFF0000` for red, and so on.
913 * `alignment`: The alignment of the text.
914 * `offset`: offset in pixels from position.
917 Displays a horizontal bar made up of half-images.
919 * `text`: The name of the texture that is used.
920 * `number`: The number of half-textures that are displayed.
921 If odd, will end with a vertically center-split texture.
923 * `offset`: offset in pixels from position.
924 * `size`: If used, will force full-image size to this value (override texture pack image size)
927 * `text`: The name of the inventory list to be displayed.
928 * `number`: Number of items in the inventory to be displayed.
929 * `item`: Position of item that is selected.
933 Displays distance to selected world position.
935 * `name`: The name of the waypoint.
936 * `text`: Distance suffix. Can be blank.
937 * `number:` An integer containing the RGB value of the color used to draw the text.
938 * `world_pos`: World position of the waypoint.
940 Representations of simple things
941 --------------------------------
945 {x=num, y=num, z=num}
947 For helper functions see "Vector helpers".
951 * `{type="node", under=pos, above=pos}`
952 * `{type="object", ref=ObjectRef}`
954 Flag Specifier Format
955 ---------------------
956 Flags using the standardized flag specifier format can be specified in either of
957 two ways, by string or table.
959 The string format is a comma-delimited set of flag names; whitespace and
960 unrecognized flag fields are ignored. Specifying a flag in the string sets the
961 flag, and specifying a flag prefixed by the string `"no"` explicitly
962 clears the flag from whatever the default may be.
964 In addition to the standard string flag format, the schematic flags field can
965 also be a table of flag names to boolean values representing whether or not the
966 flag is set. Additionally, if a field with the flag name prefixed with `"no"`
967 is present, mapped to a boolean of any value, the specified flag is unset.
969 E.g. A flag field of value
971 {place_center_x = true, place_center_y=false, place_center_z=true}
975 {place_center_x = true, noplace_center_y=true, place_center_z=true}
977 which is equivalent to
979 "place_center_x, noplace_center_y, place_center_z"
983 "place_center_x, place_center_z"
985 since, by default, no schematic attributes are set.
991 There are three kinds of items: nodes, tools and craftitems.
993 * Node (`register_node`): A node from the world.
994 * Tool (`register_tool`): A tool/weapon that can dig and damage
995 things according to `tool_capabilities`.
996 * Craftitem (`register_craftitem`): A miscellaneous item.
999 Items and item stacks can exist in three formats: Serializes, table format
1003 This is called "stackstring" or "itemstring":
1005 * e.g. `'default:dirt 5'`
1006 * e.g. `'default:pick_wood 21323'`
1007 * e.g. `'default:apple'`
1014 {name="default:dirt", count=5, wear=0, metadata=""}
1016 A wooden pick about 1/3 worn out:
1018 {name="default:pick_wood", count=1, wear=21323, metadata=""}
1022 {name="default:apple", count=1, wear=0, metadata=""}
1025 A native C++ format with many helper methods. Useful for converting
1026 between formats. See the Class reference section for details.
1028 When an item must be passed to a function, it can usually be in any of
1034 In a number of places, there is a group table. Groups define the
1035 properties of a thing (item, node, armor of entity, capabilities of
1036 tool) in such a way that the engine and other mods can can interact with
1037 the thing without actually knowing what the thing is.
1040 Groups are stored in a table, having the group names with keys and the
1041 group ratings as values. For example:
1043 groups = {crumbly=3, soil=1}
1046 groups = {crumbly=2, soil=1, level=2, outerspace=1}
1047 -- ^ A more special dirt-kind of thing
1049 Groups always have a rating associated with them. If there is no
1050 useful meaning for a rating for an enabled group, it shall be `1`.
1052 When not defined, the rating of a group defaults to `0`. Thus when you
1053 read groups, you must interpret `nil` and `0` as the same value, `0`.
1055 You can read the rating of a group for an item or a node by using
1057 minetest.get_item_group(itemname, groupname)
1060 Groups of items can define what kind of an item it is (e.g. wool).
1063 In addition to the general item things, groups are used to define whether
1064 a node is destroyable and how long it takes to destroy by a tool.
1066 ### Groups of entities
1067 For entities, groups are, as of now, used only for calculating damage.
1068 The rating is the percentage of damage caused by tools with this damage group.
1069 See "Entity damage mechanism".
1071 object.get_armor_groups() --> a group-rating table (e.g. {fleshy=100})
1072 object.set_armor_groups({fleshy=30, cracky=80})
1075 Groups in tools define which groups of nodes and entities they are
1078 ### Groups in crafting recipes
1079 An example: Make meat soup from any meat, any water and any bowl:
1082 output = 'food:meat_soup_raw',
1088 -- preserve = {'group:bowl'}, -- Not implemented yet (TODO)
1091 Another example: Make red wool from white wool and red dye:
1095 output = 'wool:red',
1096 recipe = {'wool:white', 'group:dye,basecolor_red'},
1100 * `immortal`: Disables the group damage system for an entity
1101 * `level`: Can be used to give an additional sense of progression in the game.
1102 * A larger level will cause e.g. a weapon of a lower level make much less
1103 damage, and get worn out much faster, or not be able to get drops
1104 from destroyed nodes.
1105 * `0` is something that is directly accessible at the start of gameplay
1106 * There is no upper limit
1107 * `dig_immediate`: (player can always pick up node without tool wear)
1108 * `2`: node is removed without tool wear after 0.5 seconds or so
1110 * `3`: node is removed without tool wear immediately (torch)
1111 * `disable_jump`: Player (and possibly other things) cannot jump from node
1112 * `fall_damage_add_percent`: damage speed = `speed * (1 + value/100)`
1113 * `bouncy`: value is bounce speed in percent
1114 * `falling_node`: if there is no walkable block under the node it will fall
1115 * `attached_node`: if the node under it is not a walkable block the node will be
1116 dropped as an item. If the node is wallmounted the wallmounted direction is
1118 * `soil`: saplings will grow on nodes in this group
1119 * `connect_to_raillike`: makes nodes of raillike drawtype with same group value
1120 connect to each other
1122 ### Known damage and digging time defining groups
1123 * `crumbly`: dirt, sand
1124 * `cracky`: tough but crackable stuff like stone.
1125 * `snappy`: something that can be cut using fine tools; e.g. leaves, small
1126 plants, wire, sheets of metal
1127 * `choppy`: something that can be cut using force; e.g. trees, wooden planks
1128 * `fleshy`: Living things like animals and the player. This could imply
1129 some blood effects when hitting.
1130 * `explody`: Especially prone to explosions
1131 * `oddly_breakable_by_hand`:
1132 Can be added to nodes that shouldn't logically be breakable by the
1133 hand but are. Somewhat similar to `dig_immediate`, but times are more
1134 like `{[1]=3.50,[2]=2.00,[3]=0.70}` and this does not override the
1135 speed of a tool if the tool can dig at a faster speed than this
1136 suggests for the hand.
1138 ### Examples of custom groups
1139 Item groups are often used for defining, well, _groups of items_.
1140 * `meat`: any meat-kind of a thing (rating might define the size or healing
1141 ability or be irrelevant -- it is not defined as of yet)
1142 * `eatable`: anything that can be eaten. Rating might define HP gain in half
1144 * `flammable`: can be set on fire. Rating might define the intensity of the
1145 fire, affecting e.g. the speed of the spreading of an open fire.
1146 * `wool`: any wool (any origin, any color)
1147 * `metal`: any metal
1148 * `weapon`: any weapon
1149 * `heavy`: anything considerably heavy
1151 ### Digging time calculation specifics
1152 Groups such as `crumbly`, `cracky` and `snappy` are used for this
1153 purpose. Rating is `1`, `2` or `3`. A higher rating for such a group implies
1154 faster digging time.
1156 The `level` group is used to limit the toughness of nodes a tool can dig
1157 and to scale the digging times / damage to a greater extent.
1159 **Please do understand this**, otherwise you cannot use the system to it's
1162 Tools define their properties by a list of parameters for groups. They
1163 cannot dig other groups; thus it is important to use a standard bunch of
1164 groups to enable interaction with tools.
1166 #### Tools definition
1169 * Full punch interval
1170 * Maximum drop level
1171 * For an arbitrary list of groups:
1172 * Uses (until the tool breaks)
1173 * Maximum level (usually `0`, `1`, `2` or `3`)
1177 #### Full punch interval
1178 When used as a weapon, the tool will do full damage if this time is spent
1179 between punches. If e.g. half the time is spent, the tool will do half
1182 #### Maximum drop level
1183 Suggests the maximum level of node, when dug with the tool, that will drop
1184 it's useful item. (e.g. iron ore to drop a lump of iron).
1186 This is not automated; it is the responsibility of the node definition
1190 Determines how many uses the tool has when it is used for digging a node,
1191 of this group, of the maximum level. For lower leveled nodes, the use count
1192 is multiplied by `3^leveldiff`.
1194 * `uses=10, leveldiff=0`: actual uses: 10
1195 * `uses=10, leveldiff=1`: actual uses: 30
1196 * `uses=10, leveldiff=2`: actual uses: 90
1199 Tells what is the maximum level of a node of this group that the tool will
1203 List of digging times for different ratings of the group, for nodes of the
1206 For example, as a Lua table, `times={2=2.00, 3=0.70}`. This would
1207 result in the tool to be able to dig nodes that have a rating of `2` or `3`
1208 for this group, and unable to dig the rating `1`, which is the toughest.
1209 Unless there is a matching group that enables digging otherwise.
1212 List of damage for groups of entities. See "Entity damage mechanism".
1214 #### Example definition of the capabilities of a tool
1216 tool_capabilities = {
1217 full_punch_interval=1.5,
1220 crumbly={maxlevel=2, uses=20, times={[1]=1.60, [2]=1.20, [3]=0.80}}
1222 damage_groups = {fleshy=2},
1225 This makes the tool be able to dig nodes that fulfil both of these:
1227 * Have the `crumbly` group
1228 * Have a `level` group less or equal to `2`
1230 Table of resulting digging times:
1232 crumbly 0 1 2 3 4 <- level
1234 1 0.80 1.60 1.60 - -
1235 2 0.60 1.20 1.20 - -
1236 3 0.40 0.80 0.80 - -
1238 level diff: 2 1 0 -1 -2
1240 Table of resulting tool uses:
1249 * At `crumbly==0`, the node is not diggable.
1250 * At `crumbly==3`, the level difference digging time divider kicks in and makes
1251 easy nodes to be quickly breakable.
1252 * At `level > 2`, the node is not diggable, because it's `level > maxlevel`
1254 Entity damage mechanism
1255 -----------------------
1259 foreach group in cap.damage_groups:
1260 damage += cap.damage_groups[group] * limit(actual_interval /
1261 cap.full_punch_interval, 0.0, 1.0)
1262 * (object.armor_groups[group] / 100.0)
1263 -- Where object.armor_groups[group] is 0 for inexistent values
1266 Client predicts damage based on damage groups. Because of this, it is able to
1267 give an immediate response when an entity is damaged or dies; the response is
1268 pre-defined somehow (e.g. by defining a sprite animation) (not implemented;
1270 Currently a smoke puff will appear when an entity dies.
1272 The group `immortal` completely disables normal damage.
1274 Entities can define a special armor group, which is `punch_operable`. This
1275 group disables the regular damage mechanism for players punching it by hand or
1276 a non-tool item, so that it can do something else than take damage.
1278 On the Lua side, every punch calls:
1280 entity:on_punch(puncher, time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, direction)
1282 This should never be called directly, because damage is usually not handled by
1285 * `puncher` is the object performing the punch. Can be `nil`. Should never be
1286 accessed unless absolutely required, to encourage interoperability.
1287 * `time_from_last_punch` is time from last punch (by `puncher`) or `nil`.
1288 * `tool_capabilities` can be `nil`.
1289 * `direction` is a unit vector, pointing from the source of the punch to
1292 To punch an entity/object in Lua, call:
1294 object:punch(puncher, time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, direction)
1296 * Return value is tool wear.
1297 * Parameters are equal to the above callback.
1298 * If `direction` equals `nil` and `puncher` does not equal `nil`,
1299 `direction` will be automatically filled in based on the location of `puncher`.
1303 The instance of a node in the world normally only contains the three values
1304 mentioned in "Nodes". However, it is possible to insert extra data into a
1305 node. It is called "node metadata"; See "`NodeMetaRef`".
1307 Metadata contains two things:
1312 Some of the values in the key-value store are handled specially:
1314 * `formspec`: Defines a right-click inventory menu. See "Formspec".
1315 * `infotext`: Text shown on the screen when the node is pointed at
1319 local meta = minetest.get_meta(pos)
1320 meta:set_string("formspec",
1322 "list[context;main;0,0;8,4;]"..
1323 "list[current_player;main;0,5;8,4;]")
1324 meta:set_string("infotext", "Chest");
1325 local inv = meta:get_inventory()
1326 inv:set_size("main", 8*4)
1327 print(dump(meta:to_table()))
1330 main = {[1] = "default:dirt", [2] = "", [3] = "", [4] = "",
1331 [5] = "", [6] = "", [7] = "", [8] = "", [9] = "",
1332 [10] = "", [11] = "", [12] = "", [13] = "",
1333 [14] = "default:cobble", [15] = "", [16] = "", [17] = "",
1334 [18] = "", [19] = "", [20] = "default:cobble", [21] = "",
1335 [22] = "", [23] = "", [24] = "", [25] = "", [26] = "",
1336 [27] = "", [28] = "", [29] = "", [30] = "", [31] = "",
1340 formspec = "size[8,9]list[context;main;0,0;8,4;]list[current_player;main;0,5;8,4;]",
1347 Formspec defines a menu. Currently not much else than inventories are
1348 supported. It is a string, with a somewhat strange format.
1350 Spaces and newlines can be inserted between the blocks, as is used in the
1358 list[context;main;0,0;8,4;]
1359 list[current_player;main;0,5;8,4;]
1364 list[context;fuel;2,3;1,1;]
1365 list[context;src;2,1;1,1;]
1366 list[context;dst;5,1;2,2;]
1367 list[current_player;main;0,5;8,4;]
1369 #### Minecraft-like player inventory
1372 image[1,0.6;1,2;player.png]
1373 list[current_player;main;0,3.5;8,4;]
1374 list[current_player;craft;3,0;3,3;]
1375 list[current_player;craftpreview;7,1;1,1;]
1379 #### `size[<W>,<H>,<fixed_size>]`
1380 * Define the size of the menu in inventory slots
1381 * `fixed_size`: `true`/`false` (optional)
1382 * deprecated: `invsize[<W>,<H>;]`
1384 #### `list[<inventory location>;<list name>;<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;]`
1385 * Show an inventory list
1387 #### `list[<inventory location>;<list name>;<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<starting item index>]`
1388 * Show an inventory list
1390 #### `listring[<inventory location>;<list name>]`
1391 * Allows to create a ring of inventory lists
1392 * Shift-clicking on items in one element of the ring
1393 * will send them to the next inventory list inside the ring
1394 * The first occurrence of an element inside the ring will
1395 * determine the inventory where items will be sent to
1398 * Shorthand for doing `listring[<inventory location>;<list name>]`
1399 * for the last two inventory lists added by list[...]
1401 #### `listcolors[<slot_bg_normal>;<slot_bg_hover>]`
1402 * Sets background color of slots as `ColorString`
1403 * Sets background color of slots on mouse hovering
1405 #### `listcolors[<slot_bg_normal>;<slot_bg_hover>;<slot_border>]`
1406 * Sets background color of slots as `ColorString`
1407 * Sets background color of slots on mouse hovering
1408 * Sets color of slots border
1410 #### `listcolors[<slot_bg_normal>;<slot_bg_hover>;<slot_border>;<tooltip_bgcolor>;<tooltip_fontcolor>]`
1411 * Sets background color of slots as `ColorString`
1412 * Sets background color of slots on mouse hovering
1413 * Sets color of slots border
1414 * Sets default background color of tooltips
1415 * Sets default font color of tooltips
1417 #### `tooltip[<gui_element_name>;<tooltip_text>;<bgcolor>,<fontcolor>]`
1418 * Adds tooltip for an element
1419 * `<bgcolor>` tooltip background color as `ColorString` (optional)
1420 * `<fontcolor>` tooltip font color as `ColorString` (optional)
1422 #### `image[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<texture name>]`
1424 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1426 #### `item_image[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<item name>]`
1427 * Show an inventory image of registered item/node
1428 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1430 #### `bgcolor[<color>;<fullscreen>]`
1431 * Sets background color of formspec as `ColorString`
1432 * If `true`, the background color is drawn fullscreen (does not effect the size of the formspec)
1434 #### `background[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<texture name>]`
1435 * Use a background. Inventory rectangles are not drawn then.
1436 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1437 * Example for formspec 8x4 in 16x resolution: image shall be sized
1438 8 times 16px times 4 times 16px.
1440 #### `background[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<texture name>;<auto_clip>]`
1441 * Use a background. Inventory rectangles are not drawn then.
1442 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1443 * Example for formspec 8x4 in 16x resolution:
1444 image shall be sized 8 times 16px times 4 times 16px
1445 * If `true` the background is clipped to formspec size
1446 (`x` and `y` are used as offset values, `w` and `h` are ignored)
1448 #### `pwdfield[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<name>;<label>]`
1449 * Textual password style field; will be sent to server when a button is clicked
1450 * `x` and `y` position the field relative to the top left of the menu
1451 * `w` and `h` are the size of the field
1452 * fields are a set height, but will be vertically centred on `h`
1453 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1454 * `name` is the name of the field as returned in fields to `on_receive_fields`
1455 * `label`, if not blank, will be text printed on the top left above the field
1457 #### `field[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<name>;<label>;<default>]`
1458 * Textual field; will be sent to server when a button is clicked
1459 * `x` and `y` position the field relative to the top left of the menu
1460 * `w` and `h` are the size of the field
1461 * fields are a set height, but will be vertically centred on `h`
1462 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1463 * `name` is the name of the field as returned in fields to `on_receive_fields`
1464 * `label`, if not blank, will be text printed on the top left above the field
1465 * `default` is the default value of the field
1466 * `default` may contain variable references such as `${text}'` which
1467 will fill the value from the metadata value `text`
1468 * **Note**: no extra text or more than a single variable is supported ATM.
1470 #### `field[<name>;<label>;<default>]`
1471 * as above, but without position/size units
1472 * special field for creating simple forms, such as sign text input
1473 * must be used without a `size[]` element
1474 * a "Proceed" button will be added automatically
1476 #### `textarea[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<name>;<label>;<default>]`
1477 * same as fields above, but with multi-line input
1479 #### `label[<X>,<Y>;<label>]`
1480 * `x` and `y` work as per field
1481 * `label` is the text on the label
1482 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1484 #### `vertlabel[<X>,<Y>;<label>]`
1485 * Textual label drawn vertically
1486 * `x` and `y` work as per field
1487 * `label` is the text on the label
1488 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1490 #### `button[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<name>;<label>]`
1491 * Clickable button. When clicked, fields will be sent.
1492 * `x`, `y` and `name` work as per field
1493 * `w` and `h` are the size of the button
1494 * `label` is the text on the button
1495 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1497 #### `image_button[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<texture name>;<name>;<label>]`
1498 * `x`, `y`, `w`, `h`, and `name` work as per button
1499 * `texture name` is the filename of an image
1500 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1502 #### `image_button[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<texture name>;<name>;<label>;<noclip>;<drawborder>;<pressed texture name>]`
1503 * `x`, `y`, `w`, `h`, and `name` work as per button
1504 * `texture name` is the filename of an image
1505 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1506 * `noclip=true` means the image button doesn't need to be within specified formsize
1507 * `drawborder`: draw button border or not
1508 * `pressed texture name` is the filename of an image on pressed state
1510 #### `item_image_button[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<item name>;<name>;<label>]`
1511 * `x`, `y`, `w`, `h`, `name` and `label` work as per button
1512 * `item name` is the registered name of an item/node,
1513 tooltip will be made out of its description
1514 to override it use tooltip element
1515 * Position and size units are inventory slots
1517 #### `button_exit[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<name>;<label>]`
1518 * When clicked, fields will be sent and the form will quit.
1520 #### `image_button_exit[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<texture name>;<name>;<label>]`
1521 * When clicked, fields will be sent and the form will quit.
1523 #### `textlist[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<name>;<listelem 1>,<listelem 2>,...,<listelem n>]`
1524 * Scrollable item list showing arbitrary text elements
1525 * `x` and `y` position the itemlist relative to the top left of the menu
1526 * `w` and `h` are the size of the itemlist
1527 * `name` fieldname sent to server on doubleclick value is current selected element
1528 * `listelements` can be prepended by #color in hexadecimal format RRGGBB (only),
1529 * if you want a listelement to start with "#" write "##".
1531 #### `textlist[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<name>;<listelem 1>,<listelem 2>,...,<listelem n>;<selected idx>;<transparent>]`
1532 * Scrollable itemlist showing arbitrary text elements
1533 * `x` and `y` position the item list relative to the top left of the menu
1534 * `w` and `h` are the size of the item list
1535 * `name` fieldname sent to server on doubleclick value is current selected element
1536 * `listelements` can be prepended by #RRGGBB (only) in hexadecimal format
1537 * if you want a listelement to start with "#" write "##"
1538 * index to be selected within textlist
1539 * `true`/`false`: draw transparent background
1540 * see also `minetest.explode_textlist_event` (main menu: `engine.explode_textlist_event`)
1542 #### `tabheader[<X>,<Y>;<name>;<caption 1>,<caption 2>,...,<caption n>;<current_tab>;<transparent>;<draw_border>]`
1543 * show a tab**header** at specific position (ignores formsize)
1544 * `x` and `y` position the itemlist relative to the top left of the menu
1545 * `name` fieldname data is transferred to Lua
1546 * `caption 1`...: name shown on top of tab
1547 * `current_tab`: index of selected tab 1...
1548 * `transparent` (optional): show transparent
1549 * `draw_border` (optional): draw border
1551 #### `box[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<color>]`
1552 * simple colored semitransparent box
1553 * `x` and `y` position the box relative to the top left of the menu
1554 * `w` and `h` are the size of box
1555 * `color` is color specified as a `ColorString`
1557 #### `dropdown[<X>,<Y>;<W>;<name>;<item 1>,<item 2>, ...,<item n>;<selected idx>]`
1558 * show a dropdown field
1559 * **Important note**: There are two different operation modes:
1560 1. handle directly on change (only changed dropdown is submitted)
1561 2. read the value on pressing a button (all dropdown values are available)
1562 * `x` and `y` position of dropdown
1564 * fieldname data is transferred to Lua
1565 * items to be shown in dropdown
1566 * index of currently selected dropdown item
1568 #### `checkbox[<X>,<Y>;<name>;<label>;<selected>;<tooltip>]`
1570 * `x` and `y`: position of checkbox
1571 * `name` fieldname data is transferred to Lua
1572 * `label` to be shown left of checkbox
1573 * `selected` (optional): `true`/`false`
1574 * `tooltip` (optional)
1576 #### `scrollbar[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<orientation>;<name>;<value>]`
1578 * there are two ways to use it:
1579 1. handle the changed event (only changed scrollbar is available)
1580 2. read the value on pressing a button (all scrollbars are available)
1581 * `x` and `y`: position of trackbar
1582 * `w` and `h`: width and height
1583 * `orientation`: `vertical`/`horizontal`
1584 * fieldname data is transferred to Lua
1585 * value this trackbar is set to (`0`-`1000`)
1586 * see also `minetest.explode_scrollbar_event` (main menu: `engine.explode_scrollbar_event`)
1588 #### `table[<X>,<Y>;<W>,<H>;<name>;<cell 1>,<cell 2>,...,<cell n>;<selected idx>]`
1589 * show scrollable table using options defined by the previous `tableoptions[]`
1590 * displays cells as defined by the previous `tablecolumns[]`
1591 * `x` and `y`: position the itemlist relative to the top left of the menu
1592 * `w` and `h` are the size of the itemlist
1593 * `name`: fieldname sent to server on row select or doubleclick
1594 * `cell 1`...`cell n`: cell contents given in row-major order
1595 * `selected idx`: index of row to be selected within table (first row = `1`)
1596 * see also `minetest.explode_table_event` (main menu: `engine.explode_table_event`)
1598 #### `tableoptions[<opt 1>;<opt 2>;...]`
1599 * sets options for `table[]`
1601 * default text color (`ColorString`), defaults to `#FFFFFF`
1602 * `background=#RRGGBB`
1603 * table background color (`ColorString`), defaults to `#000000`
1604 * `border=<true/false>`
1605 * should the table be drawn with a border? (default: `true`)
1606 * `highlight=#RRGGBB`
1607 * highlight background color (`ColorString`), defaults to `#466432`
1608 * `highlight_text=#RRGGBB`
1609 * highlight text color (`ColorString`), defaults to `#FFFFFF`
1610 * `opendepth=<value>`
1611 * all subtrees up to `depth < value` are open (default value = `0`)
1612 * only useful when there is a column of type "tree"
1614 #### `tablecolumns[<type 1>,<opt 1a>,<opt 1b>,...;<type 2>,<opt 2a>,<opt 2b>;...]`
1615 * sets columns for `table[]`
1616 * types: `text`, `image`, `color`, `indent`, `tree`
1617 * `text`: show cell contents as text
1618 * `image`: cell contents are an image index, use column options to define images
1619 * `colo`: cell contents are a ColorString and define color of following cell
1620 * `indent`: cell contents are a number and define indentation of following cell
1621 * `tree`: same as indent, but user can open and close subtrees (treeview-like)
1624 * for `text` and `image`: content alignment within cells.
1625 Available values: `left` (default), `center`, `right`, `inline`
1627 * for `text` and `image`: minimum width in em (default: `0`)
1628 * for `indent` and `tree`: indent width in em (default: `1.5`)
1629 * `padding=<value>`: padding left of the column, in em (default `0.5`).
1630 Exception: defaults to 0 for indent columns
1631 * `tooltip=<value>`: tooltip text (default: empty)
1632 * `image` column options:
1633 * `0=<value>` sets image for image index 0
1634 * `1=<value>` sets image for image index 1
1635 * `2=<value>` sets image for image index 2
1636 * and so on; defined indices need not be contiguous empty or
1637 non-numeric cells are treated as `0`.
1638 * `color` column options:
1639 * `span=<value>`: number of following columns to affect (default: infinite)
1641 **Note**: do _not_ use a element name starting with `key_`; those names are reserved to
1642 pass key press events to formspec!
1646 * `"context"`: Selected node metadata (deprecated: `"current_name"`)
1647 * `"current_player"`: Player to whom the menu is shown
1648 * `"player:<name>"`: Any player
1649 * `"nodemeta:<X>,<Y>,<Z>"`: Any node metadata
1650 * `"detached:<name>"`: A detached inventory
1654 `#RGB` defines a color in hexadecimal format.
1656 `#RGBA` defines a color in hexadecimal format and alpha channel.
1658 `#RRGGBB` defines a color in hexadecimal format.
1660 `#RRGGBBAA` defines a color in hexadecimal format and alpha channel.
1662 Named colors are also supported and are equivalent to
1663 [CSS Color Module Level 4](http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-color/#named-colors).
1664 To specify the value of the alpha channel, append `#AA` to the end of the color name
1665 (e.g. `colorname#08`). For named colors the hexadecimal string representing the alpha
1666 value must (always) be two hexadecimal digits.
1670 A ColorSpec specifies a 32-bit color. It can be written in either:
1671 table form, each element ranging from 0..255 (a, if absent, defaults to 255):
1672 `colorspec = {a=255, r=0, g=255, b=0}`
1673 numerical form, the raw integer value of an ARGB8 quad:
1674 `colorspec = 0xFF00FF00`
1675 or string form, a ColorString (defined above):
1676 `colorspec = "green"`
1681 * `vector.new([x[, y, z]])`: returns a vector.
1682 * `x` is a table or the `x` position.
1684 * `vector.direction(p1, p2)`: returns a vector
1685 * `vector.distance(p1, p2)`: returns a number
1686 * `vector.length(v)`: returns a number
1687 * `vector.normalize(v)`: returns a vector
1688 * `vector.round(v)`: returns a vector
1689 * `vector.apply(v, func)`: returns a vector
1690 * `vector.equals(v1, v2)`: returns a boolean
1692 For the following functions `x` can be either a vector or a number:
1694 * `vector.add(v, x)`: returns a vector
1695 * `vector.subtract(v, x)`: returns a vector
1696 * `vector.multiply(v, x)`: returns a scaled vector or Schur product
1697 * `vector.divide(v, x)`: returns a scaled vector or Schur quotient
1701 * `dump2(obj, name="_", dumped={})`
1702 * Return object serialized as a string, handles reference loops
1703 * `dump(obj, dumped={})`
1704 * Return object serialized as a string
1705 * `math.hypot(x, y)`
1706 * Get the hypotenuse of a triangle with legs x and y.
1707 Useful for distance calculation.
1708 * `math.sign(x, tolerance)`
1709 * Get the sign of a number.
1710 Optional: Also returns `0` when the absolute value is within the tolerance (default: `0`)
1711 * `string.split(str, separator=",", include_empty=false, max_splits=-1,
1712 * sep_is_pattern=false)`
1713 * If `max_splits` is negative, do not limit splits.
1714 * `sep_is_pattern` specifies if separator is a plain string or a pattern (regex).
1715 * e.g. `string:split("a,b", ",") == {"a","b"}`
1717 * e.g. `string.trim("\n \t\tfoo bar\t ") == "foo bar"`
1718 * `minetest.pos_to_string({x=X,y=Y,z=Z})`: returns `"(X,Y,Z)"`
1719 * Convert position to a printable string
1720 * `minetest.string_to_pos(string)`: returns a position
1721 * Same but in reverse. Returns `nil` if the string can't be parsed to a position.
1722 * `minetest.string_to_area("(X1, Y1, Z1) (X2, Y2, Z2)")`: returns two positions
1723 * Converts a string representing an area box into two positions
1724 * `minetest.formspec_escape(string)`: returns a string
1725 * escapes the characters "[", "]", "\", "," and ";", which can not be used in formspecs
1726 * `minetest.is_yes(arg)`
1727 * returns whether `arg` can be interpreted as yes
1728 * `minetest.get_us_time()`
1729 * returns time with microsecond precision
1730 * `table.copy(table)`: returns a table
1731 * returns a deep copy of `table`
1733 `minetest` namespace reference
1734 ------------------------------
1738 * `minetest.get_current_modname()`: returns the currently loading mod's name, when we are loading a mod
1739 * `minetest.get_modpath(modname)`: returns e.g. `"/home/user/.minetest/usermods/modname"`
1740 * Useful for loading additional `.lua` modules or static data from mod
1741 * `minetest.get_modnames()`: returns a list of installed mods
1742 * Return a list of installed mods, sorted alphabetically
1743 * `minetest.get_worldpath()`: returns e.g. `"/home/user/.minetest/world"`
1744 * Useful for storing custom data
1745 * `minetest.is_singleplayer()`
1746 * `minetest.features`
1747 * Table containing API feature flags: `{foo=true, bar=true}`
1748 * `minetest.has_feature(arg)`: returns `boolean, missing_features`
1749 * `arg`: string or table in format `{foo=true, bar=true}`
1750 * `missing_features`: `{foo=true, bar=true}`
1751 * `minetest.get_player_information(player_name)`: returns a table containing
1752 information about player. Example return value:
1754 address = "127.0.0.1", -- IP address of client
1755 ip_version = 4, -- IPv4 / IPv6
1756 min_rtt = 0.01, -- minimum round trip time
1757 max_rtt = 0.2, -- maximum round trip time
1758 avg_rtt = 0.02, -- average round trip time
1759 min_jitter = 0.01, -- minimum packet time jitter
1760 max_jitter = 0.5, -- maximum packet time jitter
1761 avg_jitter = 0.03, -- average packet time jitter
1762 connection_uptime = 200, -- seconds since client connected
1764 -- following information is available on debug build only!!!
1765 -- DO NOT USE IN MODS
1766 --ser_vers = 26, -- serialization version used by client
1767 --prot_vers = 23, -- protocol version used by client
1768 --major = 0, -- major version number
1769 --minor = 4, -- minor version number
1770 --patch = 10, -- patch version number
1771 --vers_string = "0.4.9-git", -- full version string
1772 --state = "Active" -- current client state
1774 * `minetest.mkdir(path)`: returns success.
1775 * Creates a directory specified by `path`, creating parent directories
1776 if they don't exist.
1777 * `minetest.get_dir_list(path, [is_dir])`: returns list of entry names
1779 * nil: return all entries,
1780 * true: return only subdirectory names, or
1781 * false: return only file names.
1784 * `minetest.debug(...)`
1785 * Equivalent to `minetest.log(table.concat({...}, "\t"))`
1786 * `minetest.log([level,] text)`
1787 * `level` is one of `"none"`, `"error"`, `"warning"`, `"action"`,
1788 `"info"`, or `"verbose"`. Default is `"none"`.
1790 ### Registration functions
1791 Call these functions only at load time!
1793 * `minetest.register_entity(name, prototype table)`
1794 * `minetest.register_abm(abm definition)`
1795 * `minetest.register_node(name, node definition)`
1796 * `minetest.register_tool(name, item definition)`
1797 * `minetest.register_craftitem(name, item definition)`
1798 * `minetest.register_alias(name, convert_to)`
1799 * `minetest.register_craft(recipe)`
1800 * `minetest.register_ore(ore definition)`
1801 * `minetest.register_decoration(decoration definition)`
1802 * `minetest.override_item(name, redefinition)`
1803 * Overrides fields of an item registered with register_node/tool/craftitem.
1804 * Note: Item must already be defined, (opt)depend on the mod defining it.
1805 * Example: `minetest.override_item("default:mese", {light_source=LIGHT_MAX})`
1807 * `minetest.clear_registered_ores()`
1808 * `minetest.clear_registered_decorations()`
1810 ### Global callback registration functions
1811 Call these functions only at load time!
1813 * `minetest.register_globalstep(func(dtime))`
1814 * Called every server step, usually interval of 0.1s
1815 * `minetest.register_on_shutdown(func())`
1816 * Called before server shutdown
1817 * **Warning**: If the server terminates abnormally (i.e. crashes), the registered
1818 callbacks **will likely not be run**. Data should be saved at
1819 semi-frequent intervals as well as on server shutdown.
1820 * `minetest.register_on_placenode(func(pos, newnode, placer, oldnode, itemstack, pointed_thing))`
1821 * Called when a node has been placed
1822 * If return `true` no item is taken from `itemstack`
1823 * **Not recommended**; use `on_construct` or `after_place_node` in node definition
1825 * `minetest.register_on_dignode(func(pos, oldnode, digger))`
1826 * Called when a node has been dug.
1827 * **Not recommended**; Use `on_destruct` or `after_dig_node` in node definition
1829 * `minetest.register_on_punchnode(func(pos, node, puncher, pointed_thing))`
1830 * Called when a node is punched
1831 * `minetest.register_on_generated(func(minp, maxp, blockseed))`
1832 * Called after generating a piece of world. Modifying nodes inside the area
1833 is a bit faster than usually.
1834 * `minetest.register_on_newplayer(func(ObjectRef))`
1835 * Called after a new player has been created
1836 * `minetest.register_on_dieplayer(func(ObjectRef))`
1837 * Called when a player dies
1838 * `minetest.register_on_punchplayer(func(player, hitter, time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, dir, damage))`
1839 * Called when a player is punched
1840 * `player` - ObjectRef - Player that was punched
1841 * `hitter` - ObjectRef - Player that hit
1842 * `time_from_last_punch`: Meant for disallowing spamming of clicks (can be nil)
1843 * `tool_capabilities`: capability table of used tool (can be nil)
1844 * `dir`: unit vector of direction of punch. Always defined. Points from
1845 the puncher to the punched.
1846 * `damage` - number that represents the damage calculated by the engine
1847 * should return `true` to prevent the default damage mechanism
1848 * `minetest.register_on_player_hpchange(func(player, hp_change), modifier)`
1849 * Called when the player gets damaged or healed
1850 * `player`: ObjectRef of the player
1851 * `hp_change`: the amount of change. Negative when it is damage.
1852 * `modifier`: when true, the function should return the actual hp_change.
1853 Note: modifiers only get a temporary hp_change that can be modified by later modifiers.
1854 modifiers can return true as a second argument to stop the execution of further functions.
1855 * `minetest.register_on_respawnplayer(func(ObjectRef))`
1856 * Called when player is to be respawned
1857 * Called _before_ repositioning of player occurs
1858 * return true in func to disable regular player placement
1859 * `minetest.register_on_prejoinplayer(func(name, ip))`
1860 * Called before a player joins the game
1861 * If it returns a string, the player is disconnected with that string as reason
1862 * `minetest.register_on_joinplayer(func(ObjectRef))`
1863 * Called when a player joins the game
1864 * `minetest.register_on_leaveplayer(func(ObjectRef))`
1865 * Called when a player leaves the game
1866 * `minetest.register_on_cheat(func(ObjectRef, cheat))`
1867 * Called when a player cheats
1868 * `cheat`: `{type=<cheat_type>}`, where `<cheat_type>` is one of:
1869 * `"moved_too_fast"`
1870 * `"interacted_too_far"`
1871 * `"finished_unknown_dig"`
1874 * `minetest.register_on_chat_message(func(name, message))`
1875 * Called always when a player says something
1876 * Return `true` to mark the message as handled, which means that it will not be sent to other players
1877 * `minetest.register_on_player_receive_fields(func(player, formname, fields))`
1878 * Called when a button is pressed in player's inventory form
1879 * Newest functions are called first
1880 * If function returns `true`, remaining functions are not called
1881 * `minetest.register_on_craft(func(itemstack, player, old_craft_grid, craft_inv))`
1882 * Called when `player` crafts something
1883 * `itemstack` is the output
1884 * `old_craft_grid` contains the recipe (Note: the one in the inventory is cleared)
1885 * `craft_inv` is the inventory with the crafting grid
1886 * Return either an `ItemStack`, to replace the output, or `nil`, to not modify it
1887 * `minetest.register_craft_predict(func(itemstack, player, old_craft_grid, craft_inv))`
1888 * The same as before, except that it is called before the player crafts, to make
1889 craft prediction, and it should not change anything.
1890 * `minetest.register_on_protection_violation(func(pos, name))`
1891 * Called by `builtin` and mods when a player violates protection at a position
1892 (eg, digs a node or punches a protected entity).
1893 * The registered functions can be called using `minetest.record_protection_violation`
1894 * The provided function should check that the position is protected by the mod
1895 calling this function before it prints a message, if it does, to allow for
1896 multiple protection mods.
1897 * `minetest.register_on_item_eat(func(hp_change, replace_with_item, itemstack, user, pointed_thing))`
1898 * Called when an item is eaten, by `minetest.item_eat`
1899 * Return `true` or `itemstack` to cancel the default item eat response (i.e.: hp increase)
1901 ### Other registration functions
1902 * `minetest.register_chatcommand(cmd, chatcommand definition)`
1903 * `minetest.register_privilege(name, definition)`
1904 * `definition`: `"description text"`
1905 * `definition`: `{ description = "description text", give_to_singleplayer = boolean, -- default: true }`
1906 * `minetest.register_authentication_handler(handler)`
1907 * See `minetest.builtin_auth_handler` in `builtin.lua` for reference
1910 * `minetest.setting_set(name, value)`
1911 * Setting names can't contain whitespace or any of `="{}#`.
1912 * Setting values can't contain the sequence `\n"""`.
1913 * Setting names starting with "secure." can't be set.
1914 * `minetest.setting_get(name)`: returns string or `nil`
1915 * `minetest.setting_setbool(name, value)`
1916 * See documentation on `setting_set` for restrictions.
1917 * `minetest.setting_getbool(name)`: returns boolean or `nil`
1918 * `minetest.setting_get_pos(name)`: returns position or nil
1919 * `minetest.setting_save()`, returns `nil`, save all settings to config file
1922 * `minetest.notify_authentication_modified(name)`
1923 * Should be called by the authentication handler if privileges changes.
1924 * To report everybody, set `name=nil`.
1925 * `minetest.get_password_hash(name, raw_password)`
1926 * Convert a name-password pair to a password hash that Minetest can use.
1927 * The returned value alone is not a good basis for password checks based
1928 * on comparing the password hash in the database with the password hash
1929 * from the function, with an externally provided password, as the hash
1930 * in the db might use the new SRP verifier format.
1931 * `minetest.string_to_privs(str)`: returns `{priv1=true,...}`
1932 * `minetest.privs_to_string(privs)`: returns `"priv1,priv2,..."`
1933 * Convert between two privilege representations
1934 * `minetest.set_player_password(name, password_hash)`
1935 * `minetest.set_player_privs(name, {priv1=true,...})`
1936 * `minetest.get_player_privs(name) -> {priv1=true,...}`
1937 * `minetest.auth_reload()`
1938 * `minetest.check_player_privs(player_or_name, ...)`: returns `bool, missing_privs`
1939 * A quickhand for checking privileges.
1940 * `player_or_name`: Either a Player object or the name of a player.
1941 * `...` is either a list of strings, e.g. `"priva", "privb"` or
1942 a table, e.g. `{ priva = true, privb = true }`.
1943 * `minetest.get_player_ip(name)`: returns an IP address string
1945 `minetest.set_player_password`, `minetest_set_player_privs`, `minetest_get_player_privs`
1946 and `minetest.auth_reload` call the authetification handler.
1949 * `minetest.chat_send_all(text)`
1950 * `minetest.chat_send_player(name, text)`
1952 ### Environment access
1953 * `minetest.set_node(pos, node)`
1954 * `minetest.add_node(pos, node): alias set_node(pos, node)`
1955 * Set node at position (`node = {name="foo", param1=0, param2=0}`)
1956 * `minetest.swap_node(pos, node`
1957 * Set node at position, but don't remove metadata
1958 * `minetest.remove_node(pos)`
1959 * Equivalent to `set_node(pos, "air")`
1960 * `minetest.get_node(pos)`
1961 * Returns `{name="ignore", ...}` for unloaded area
1962 * `minetest.get_node_or_nil(pos)`
1963 * Returns `nil` for unloaded area
1964 * `minetest.get_node_light(pos, timeofday)`
1965 * Gets the light value at the given position. Note that the light value
1966 "inside" the node at the given position is returned, so you usually want
1967 to get the light value of a neighbor.
1968 * `pos`: The position where to measure the light.
1969 * `timeofday`: `nil` for current time, `0` for night, `0.5` for day
1970 * Returns a number between `0` and `15` or `nil`
1971 * `minetest.place_node(pos, node)`
1972 * Place node with the same effects that a player would cause
1973 * `minetest.dig_node(pos)`
1974 * Dig node with the same effects that a player would cause
1975 * Returns `true` if successful, `false` on failure (e.g. protected location)
1976 * `minetest.punch_node(pos)`
1977 * Punch node with the same effects that a player would cause
1979 * `minetest.find_nodes_with_meta(pos1, pos2)`
1980 * Get a table of positions of nodes that have metadata within a region {pos1, pos2}
1981 * `minetest.get_meta(pos)`
1982 * Get a `NodeMetaRef` at that position
1983 * `minetest.get_node_timer(pos)`
1984 * Get `NodeTimerRef`
1986 * `minetest.add_entity(pos, name)`: Spawn Lua-defined entity at position
1987 * Returns `ObjectRef`, or `nil` if failed
1988 * `minetest.add_item(pos, item)`: Spawn item
1989 * Returns `ObjectRef`, or `nil` if failed
1990 * `minetest.get_player_by_name(name)`: Get an `ObjectRef` to a player
1991 * `minetest.get_objects_inside_radius(pos, radius)`
1992 * `radius`: using an euclidean metric
1993 * `minetest.set_timeofday(val)`
1994 * `val` is between `0` and `1`; `0` for midnight, `0.5` for midday
1995 * `minetest.get_timeofday()`
1996 * `minetest.get_gametime()`: returns the time, in seconds, since the world was created
1997 * `minetest.find_node_near(pos, radius, nodenames)`: returns pos or `nil`
1998 * `radius`: using a maximum metric
1999 * `nodenames`: e.g. `{"ignore", "group:tree"}` or `"default:dirt"`
2000 * `minetest.find_nodes_in_area(minp, maxp, nodenames)`: returns a list of positions
2001 * returns as second value a table with the count of the individual nodes found
2002 * `nodenames`: e.g. `{"ignore", "group:tree"}` or `"default:dirt"`
2003 * `minetest.find_nodes_in_area_under_air(minp, maxp, nodenames)`: returns a list of positions
2004 * returned positions are nodes with a node air above
2005 * `nodenames`: e.g. `{"ignore", "group:tree"}` or `"default:dirt"`
2006 * `minetest.get_perlin(noiseparams)`
2007 * `minetest.get_perlin(seeddiff, octaves, persistence, scale)`
2008 * Return world-specific perlin noise (`int(worldseed)+seeddiff`)
2009 * `minetest.get_voxel_manip([pos1, pos2])`
2010 * Return voxel manipulator object.
2011 * Loads the manipulator from the map if positions are passed.
2012 * `minetest.set_gen_notify(flags, {deco_ids})`
2013 * Set the types of on-generate notifications that should be collected
2014 * `flags` is a flag field with the available flags: `dungeon`, `temple`, `cave_begin`,
2015 `cave_end`, `large_cave_begin`, `large_cave_end`, `decoration`
2016 * The second parameter is a list of IDS of decorations which notification is requested for
2017 * `get_gen_notify()`: returns a flagstring and a table with the deco_ids
2018 * `minetest.get_mapgen_object(objectname)`
2019 * Return requested mapgen object if available (see "Mapgen objects")
2020 * `minetest.get_biome_id(biome_name)`
2021 * Returns the biome id, as used in the biomemap Mapgen object, for a
2022 given biome_name string.
2023 * `minetest.get_mapgen_params()` Returns mapgen parameters, a table containing
2024 `mgname`, `seed`, `chunksize`, `water_level`, and `flags`.
2025 * `minetest.set_mapgen_params(MapgenParams)`
2026 * Set map generation parameters
2027 * Function cannot be called after the registration period; only initialization
2028 and `on_mapgen_init`
2029 * Takes a table as an argument with the fields `mgname`, `seed`, `water_level`,
2031 * Leave field unset to leave that parameter unchanged
2032 * `flags` contains a comma-delimited string of flags to set,
2033 or if the prefix `"no"` is attached, clears instead.
2034 * `flags` is in the same format and has the same options as `mg_flags` in `minetest.conf`
2035 * `minetest.set_noiseparams(name, noiseparams, set_default)`
2036 * Sets the noiseparams setting of `name` to the noiseparams table specified in `noiseparams`.
2037 * `set_default` is an optional boolean (default: `true`) that specifies whether the setting
2038 should be applied to the default config or current active config
2039 * `minetest.get_noiseparams(name)`: returns a table of the noiseparams for name
2040 * `minetest.generate_ores(vm, pos1, pos2)`
2041 * Generate all registered ores within the VoxelManip `vm` and in the area from `pos1` to `pos2`.
2042 * `pos1` and `pos2` are optional and default to mapchunk minp and maxp.
2043 * `minetest.generate_decorations(vm, pos1, pos2)`
2044 * Generate all registered decorations within the VoxelManip `vm` and in the area from `pos1` to `pos2`.
2045 * `pos1` and `pos2` are optional and default to mapchunk minp and maxp.
2046 * `minetest.clear_objects()`
2047 * clear all objects in the environments
2048 * `minetest.emerge_area(pos1, pos2, [callback], [param])`
2049 * Queue all blocks in the area from `pos1` to `pos2`, inclusive, to be asynchronously
2050 * fetched from memory, loaded from disk, or if inexistent, generates them.
2051 * If `callback` is a valid Lua function, this will be called for each block emerged.
2052 * The function signature of callback is:
2053 * `function EmergeAreaCallback(blockpos, action, calls_remaining, param)`
2054 * - `blockpos` is the *block* coordinates of the block that had been emerged
2055 * - `action` could be one of the following constant values:
2056 * `core.EMERGE_CANCELLED`, `core.EMERGE_ERRORED`, `core.EMERGE_FROM_MEMORY`,
2057 * `core.EMERGE_FROM_DISK`, `core.EMERGE_GENERATED`
2058 * - `calls_remaining` is the number of callbacks to be expected after this one
2059 * - `param` is the user-defined parameter passed to emerge_area (or nil if the
2060 * parameter was absent)
2061 * `minetest.delete_area(pos1, pos2)`
2062 * delete all mapblocks in the area from pos1 to pos2, inclusive
2063 * `minetest.line_of_sight(pos1, pos2, stepsize)`: returns `boolean, pos`
2064 * Check if there is a direct line of sight between `pos1` and `pos2`
2065 * Returns the position of the blocking node when `false`
2066 * `pos1`: First position
2067 * `pos2`: Second position
2068 * `stepsize`: smaller gives more accurate results but requires more computing
2069 time. Default is `1`.
2070 * `minetest.find_path(pos1,pos2,searchdistance,max_jump,max_drop,algorithm)`
2071 * returns table containing path
2072 * returns a table of 3D points representing a path from `pos1` to `pos2` or `nil`
2073 * `pos1`: start position
2074 * `pos2`: end position
2075 * `searchdistance`: number of blocks to search in each direction using a maximum metric
2076 * `max_jump`: maximum height difference to consider walkable
2077 * `max_drop`: maximum height difference to consider droppable
2078 * `algorithm`: One of `"A*_noprefetch"` (default), `"A*"`, `"Dijkstra"`
2079 * `minetest.spawn_tree (pos, {treedef})`
2080 * spawns L-System tree at given `pos` with definition in `treedef` table
2081 * `minetest.transforming_liquid_add(pos)`
2082 * add node to liquid update queue
2083 * `minetest.get_node_max_level(pos)`
2084 * get max available level for leveled node
2085 * `minetest.get_node_level(pos)`
2086 * get level of leveled node (water, snow)
2087 * `minetest.set_node_level(pos, level)`
2088 * set level of leveled node, default `level` equals `1`
2089 * if `totallevel > maxlevel`, returns rest (`total-max`).
2090 * `minetest.add_node_level(pos, level)`
2091 * increase level of leveled node by level, default `level` equals `1`
2092 * if `totallevel > maxlevel`, returns rest (`total-max`)
2093 * can be negative for decreasing
2096 `minetest.get_inventory(location)`: returns an `InvRef`
2099 * `{type="player", name="celeron55"}`
2100 * `{type="node", pos={x=, y=, z=}}`
2101 * `{type="detached", name="creative"}`
2102 * `minetest.create_detached_inventory(name, callbacks)`: returns an `InvRef`
2103 * callbacks: See "Detached inventory callbacks"
2104 * Creates a detached inventory. If it already exists, it is cleared.
2105 * `minetest.do_item_eat(hp_change, replace_with_item, itemstack, user, pointed_thing)`:
2106 returns left over ItemStack
2107 * See `minetest.item_eat` and `minetest.register_on_item_eat`
2110 * `minetest.show_formspec(playername, formname, formspec)`
2111 * `playername`: name of player to show formspec
2112 * `formname`: name passed to `on_player_receive_fields` callbacks.
2113 It should follow the `"modname:<whatever>"` naming convention
2114 * `formspec`: formspec to display
2115 * `minetest.formspec_escape(string)`: returns a string
2116 * escapes the characters "[", "]", "\", "," and ";", which can not be used in formspecs
2117 * `minetest.explode_table_event(string)`: returns a table
2118 * returns e.g. `{type="CHG", row=1, column=2}`
2120 * `"INV"`: no row selected)
2121 * `"CHG"`: selected)
2122 * `"DCL"`: double-click
2123 * `minetest.explode_textlist_event(string)`: returns a table
2124 * returns e.g. `{type="CHG", index=1}`
2126 * `"INV"`: no row selected)
2127 * `"CHG"`: selected)
2128 * `"DCL"`: double-click
2129 * `minetest.explode_scrollbar_event(string)`: returns a table
2130 * returns e.g. `{type="CHG", value=500}`
2132 * `"INV"`: something failed
2133 * `"CHG"`: has been changed
2134 * `"VAL"`: not changed
2137 * `minetest.inventorycube(img1, img2, img3)`
2138 * Returns a string for making an image of a cube (useful as an item image)
2139 * `minetest.get_pointed_thing_position(pointed_thing, above)`
2140 * Get position of a `pointed_thing` (that you can get from somewhere)
2141 * `minetest.dir_to_facedir(dir, is6d)`
2142 * Convert a vector to a facedir value, used in `param2` for `paramtype2="facedir"`;
2143 * passing something non-`nil`/`false` for the optional second parameter causes it to
2144 take the y component into account
2145 * `minetest.facedir_to_dir(facedir)`
2146 * Convert a facedir back into a vector aimed directly out the "back" of a node
2147 * `minetest.dir_to_wallmounted(dir)`
2148 * Convert a vector to a wallmounted value, used for `paramtype2="wallmounted"`
2149 * `minetest.get_node_drops(nodename, toolname)`
2150 * Returns list of item names.
2151 * **Note**: This will be removed or modified in a future version.
2152 * `minetest.get_craft_result(input)`: returns `output, decremented_input`
2153 * `input.method` = `"normal"` or `"cooking"` or `"fuel"`
2154 * `input.width` = for example `3`
2155 * `input.items` = for example
2156 `{ stack1, stack2, stack3, stack4, stack 5, stack 6, stack 7, stack 8, stack 9 }`
2157 * `output.item` = `ItemStack`, if unsuccessful: empty `ItemStack`
2158 * `output.time` = a number, if unsuccessful: `0`
2159 * `output.replacements` = list of `ItemStack`s that couldn't be placed in
2160 `decremented_input.items`
2161 * `decremented_input` = like `input`
2162 * `minetest.get_craft_recipe(output)`: returns input
2163 * returns last registered recipe for output item (node)
2164 * `output` is a node or item type such as `"default:torch"`
2165 * `input.method` = `"normal"` or `"cooking"` or `"fuel"`
2166 * `input.width` = for example `3`
2167 * `input.items` = for example
2168 `{ stack1, stack2, stack3, stack4, stack 5, stack 6, stack 7, stack 8, stack 9 }`
2169 * `input.items` = `nil` if no recipe found
2170 * `minetest.get_all_craft_recipes(query item)`: returns a table or `nil`
2171 * returns indexed table with all registered recipes for query item (node)
2172 or `nil` if no recipe was found
2173 * recipe entry table:
2175 method = 'normal' or 'cooking' or 'fuel'
2176 width = 0-3, 0 means shapeless recipe
2177 items = indexed [1-9] table with recipe items
2178 output = string with item name and quantity
2180 * Example query for `"default:gold_ingot"` will return table:
2182 [1]={type = "cooking", width = 3, output = "default:gold_ingot",
2183 items = {1 = "default:gold_lump"}},
2184 [2]={type = "normal", width = 1, output = "default:gold_ingot 9",
2185 items = {1 = "default:goldblock"}}
2187 * `minetest.handle_node_drops(pos, drops, digger)`
2188 * `drops`: list of itemstrings
2189 * Handles drops from nodes after digging: Default action is to put them into
2191 * Can be overridden to get different functionality (e.g. dropping items on
2195 * `minetest.rollback_get_node_actions(pos, range, seconds, limit)`:
2196 returns `{{actor, pos, time, oldnode, newnode}, ...}`
2197 * Find who has done something to a node, or near a node
2198 * `actor`: `"player:<name>"`, also `"liquid"`.
2199 * `minetest.rollback_revert_actions_by(actor, seconds)`: returns `boolean, log_messages`
2200 * Revert latest actions of someone
2201 * `actor`: `"player:<name>"`, also `"liquid"`.
2203 ### Defaults for the `on_*` item definition functions
2204 These functions return the leftover itemstack.
2206 * `minetest.item_place_node(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing, param2)`
2207 * Place item as a node
2208 * `param2` overrides `facedir` and wallmounted `param2`
2209 * returns `itemstack, success`
2210 * `minetest.item_place_object(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing)`
2212 * `minetest.item_place(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing, param2)`
2213 * Use one of the above based on what the item is.
2214 * Calls `on_rightclick` of `pointed_thing.under` if defined instead
2215 * **Note**: is not called when wielded item overrides `on_place`
2216 * `param2` overrides `facedir` and wallmounted `param2`
2217 * returns `itemstack, success`
2218 * `minetest.item_drop(itemstack, dropper, pos)`
2220 * `minetest.item_eat(hp_change, replace_with_item)`
2222 * `replace_with_item` is the itemstring which is added to the inventory.
2223 If the player is eating a stack, then replace_with_item goes to a
2224 different spot. Can be `nil`
2225 * See `minetest.do_item_eat`
2227 ### Defaults for the `on_punch` and `on_dig` node definition callbacks
2228 * `minetest.node_punch(pos, node, puncher, pointed_thing)`
2229 * Calls functions registered by `minetest.register_on_punchnode()`
2230 * `minetest.node_dig(pos, node, digger)`
2231 * Checks if node can be dug, puts item into inventory, removes node
2232 * Calls functions registered by `minetest.registered_on_dignodes()`
2235 * `minetest.sound_play(spec, parameters)`: returns a handle
2236 * `spec` is a `SimpleSoundSpec`
2237 * `parameters` is a sound parameter table
2238 * `minetest.sound_stop(handle)`
2241 * `minetest.after(time, func, ...)`
2242 * Call the function `func` after `time` seconds
2243 * Optional: Variable number of arguments that are passed to `func`
2246 * `minetest.request_shutdown([message],[reconnect])`: request for server shutdown. Will display `message` to clients,
2247 and `reconnect` == true displays a reconnect button.
2248 * `minetest.get_server_status()`: returns server status string
2251 * `minetest.get_ban_list()`: returns the ban list (same as `minetest.get_ban_description("")`)
2252 * `minetest.get_ban_description(ip_or_name)`: returns ban description (string)
2253 * `minetest.ban_player(name)`: ban a player
2254 * `minetest.unban_player_or_ip(name)`: unban player or IP address
2255 * `minetest.kick_player(name, [reason])`: disconnect a player with a optional reason
2258 * `minetest.add_particle(particle definition)`
2259 * Deprecated: `minetest.add_particle(pos, velocity, acceleration, expirationtime,
2260 size, collisiondetection, texture, playername)`
2262 * `minetest.add_particlespawner(particlespawner definition)`
2263 * Add a `ParticleSpawner`, an object that spawns an amount of particles over `time` seconds
2264 * Returns an `id`, and -1 if adding didn't succeed
2265 * `Deprecated: minetest.add_particlespawner(amount, time,
2269 minexptime, maxexptime,
2271 collisiondetection, texture, playername)`
2273 * `minetest.delete_particlespawner(id, player)``
2274 * Delete `ParticleSpawner` with `id` (return value from `minetest.add_particlespawner`)
2275 * If playername is specified, only deletes on the player's client,
2276 * otherwise on all clients
2279 * `minetest.create_schematic(p1, p2, probability_list, filename, slice_prob_list)`
2280 * Create a schematic from the volume of map specified by the box formed by p1 and p2.
2281 * Apply the specified probability values to the specified nodes in `probability_list`.
2282 * `probability_list` is an array of tables containing two fields, `pos` and `prob`.
2283 * `pos` is the 3D vector specifying the absolute coordinates of the
2284 node being modified,
2285 * `prob` is the integer value from `0` to `255` of the probability (see: Schematic specifier).
2286 * If there are two or more entries with the same pos value, the
2288 * If `pos` is not inside the box formed by `p1` and `p2`, it is ignored.
2289 * If `probability_list` equals `nil`, no probabilities are applied.
2290 * Slice probability works in the same manner, except takes a field
2291 called `ypos` instead which
2292 indicates the y position of the slice with a probability applied.
2293 * If slice probability list equals `nil`, no slice probabilities are applied.
2294 * Saves schematic in the Minetest Schematic format to filename.
2296 * `minetest.place_schematic(pos, schematic, rotation, replacements, force_placement)`
2297 * Place the schematic specified by schematic (see: Schematic specifier) at `pos`.
2298 * `rotation` can equal `"0"`, `"90"`, `"180"`, `"270"`, or `"random"`.
2299 * If the `rotation` parameter is omitted, the schematic is not rotated.
2300 * `replacements` = `{["old_name"] = "convert_to", ...}`
2301 * `force_placement` is a boolean indicating whether nodes other than `air` and
2302 `ignore` are replaced by the schematic
2303 * Returns nil if the schematic could not be loaded.
2305 * `minetest.place_schematic_on_vmanip(vmanip, pos, schematic, rotation, replacement, force_placement)`:
2306 * This function is analagous to minetest.place_schematic, but places a schematic onto the
2307 specified VoxelManip object `vmanip` instead of the whole map.
2308 * Returns false if any part of the schematic was cut-off due to the VoxelManip not
2309 containing the full area required, and true if the whole schematic was able to fit.
2310 * Returns nil if the schematic could not be loaded.
2311 * After execution, any external copies of the VoxelManip contents are invalidated.
2313 * `minetest.serialize_schematic(schematic, format, options)`
2314 * Return the serialized schematic specified by schematic (see: Schematic specifier)
2315 * in the `format` of either "mts" or "lua".
2316 * "mts" - a string containing the binary MTS data used in the MTS file format
2317 * "lua" - a string containing Lua code representing the schematic in table format
2318 * `options` is a table containing the following optional parameters:
2319 * If `lua_use_comments` is true and `format` is "lua", the Lua code generated will have (X, Z)
2320 * position comments for every X row generated in the schematic data for easier reading.
2321 * If `lua_num_indent_spaces` is a nonzero number and `format` is "lua", the Lua code generated
2322 * will use that number of spaces as indentation instead of a tab character.
2325 * `minetest.get_connected_players()`: returns list of `ObjectRefs`
2326 * `minetest.hash_node_position({x=,y=,z=})`: returns an 48-bit integer
2327 * Gives a unique hash number for a node position (16+16+16=48bit)
2328 * `minetest.get_position_from_hash(hash)`: returns a position
2329 * Inverse transform of `minetest.hash_node_position`
2330 * `minetest.get_item_group(name, group)`: returns a rating
2331 * Get rating of a group of an item. (`0` means: not in group)
2332 * `minetest.get_node_group(name, group)`: returns a rating
2333 * Deprecated: An alias for the former.
2334 * `minetest.raillike_group(name)`: returns a rating
2335 * Returns rating of the connect_to_raillike group corresponding to name
2336 * If name is not yet the name of a connect_to_raillike group, a new group id
2337 * is created, with that name
2338 * `minetest.get_content_id(name)`: returns an integer
2339 * Gets the internal content ID of `name`
2340 * `minetest.get_name_from_content_id(content_id)`: returns a string
2341 * Gets the name of the content with that content ID
2342 * `minetest.parse_json(string[, nullvalue])`: returns something
2343 * Convert a string containing JSON data into the Lua equivalent
2344 * `nullvalue`: returned in place of the JSON null; defaults to `nil`
2345 * On success returns a table, a string, a number, a boolean or `nullvalue`
2346 * On failure outputs an error message and returns `nil`
2347 * Example: `parse_json("[10, {\"a\":false}]")`, returns `{10, {a = false}}`
2348 * `minetest.write_json(data[, styled])`: returns a string or `nil` and an error message
2349 * Convert a Lua table into a JSON string
2350 * styled: Outputs in a human-readable format if this is set, defaults to false
2351 * Unserializable things like functions and userdata are saved as null.
2352 * **Warning**: JSON is more strict than the Lua table format.
2353 1. You can only use strings and positive integers of at least one as keys.
2354 2. You can not mix string and integer keys.
2355 This is due to the fact that JSON has two distinct array and object values.
2356 * Example: `write_json({10, {a = false}})`, returns `"[10, {\"a\": false}]"`
2357 * `minetest.serialize(table)`: returns a string
2358 * Convert a table containing tables, strings, numbers, booleans and `nil`s
2359 into string form readable by `minetest.deserialize`
2360 * Example: `serialize({foo='bar'})`, returns `'return { ["foo"] = "bar" }'`
2361 * `minetest.deserialize(string)`: returns a table
2362 * Convert a string returned by `minetest.deserialize` into a table
2363 * `string` is loaded in an empty sandbox environment.
2364 * Will load functions, but they cannot access the global environment.
2365 * Example: `deserialize('return { ["foo"] = "bar" }')`, returns `{foo='bar'}`
2366 * Example: `deserialize('print("foo")')`, returns `nil` (function call fails)
2367 * `error:[string "print("foo")"]:1: attempt to call global 'print' (a nil value)`
2368 * `minetest.compress(data, method, ...)`: returns `compressed_data`
2369 * Compress a string of data.
2370 * `method` is a string identifying the compression method to be used.
2371 * Supported compression methods:
2372 * Deflate (zlib): `"deflate"`
2373 * `...` indicates method-specific arguments. Currently defined arguments are:
2374 * Deflate: `level` - Compression level, `0`-`9` or `nil`.
2375 * `minetest.decompress(compressed_data, method, ...)`: returns data
2376 * Decompress a string of data (using ZLib).
2377 * See documentation on `minetest.compress()` for supported compression methods.
2378 * currently supported.
2379 * `...` indicates method-specific arguments. Currently, no methods use this.
2380 * `minetest.is_protected(pos, name)`: returns boolean
2381 * Returns true, if player `name` shouldn't be abled to dig at `pos` or do other
2382 actions, defineable by mods, due to some mod-defined ownership-like concept.
2383 Returns false or nil, if the player is allowed to do such actions.
2384 * This function should be overridden by protection mods and should be used to
2385 check if a player can interact at a position.
2386 * This function should call the old version of itself if the position is not
2387 protected by the mod.
2390 local old_is_protected = minetest.is_protected
2391 function minetest.is_protected(pos, name)
2392 if mymod:position_protected_from(pos, name) then
2395 return old_is_protected(pos, name)
2397 * `minetest.record_protection_violation(pos, name)`
2398 * This function calls functions registered with
2399 `minetest.register_on_protection_violation`.
2400 * `minetest.rotate_and_place(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing, infinitestacks, orient_flags)`
2401 * Attempt to predict the desired orientation of the facedir-capable node
2402 defined by `itemstack`, and place it accordingly (on-wall, on the floor, or
2403 hanging from the ceiling). Stacks are handled normally if the `infinitestacks`
2404 field is false or omitted (else, the itemstack is not changed). `orient_flags`
2405 is an optional table containing extra tweaks to the placement code:
2406 * `invert_wall`: if `true`, place wall-orientation on the ground and ground-
2407 orientation on the wall.
2408 * `force_wall` : if `true`, always place the node in wall orientation.
2409 * `force_ceiling`: if `true`, always place on the ceiling.
2410 * `force_floor`: if `true`, always place the node on the floor.
2411 * `force_facedir`: if `true`, forcefully reset the facedir to north when placing on
2412 the floor or ceiling
2413 * The first four options are mutually-exclusive; the last in the list takes
2414 precedence over the first.
2415 * `minetest.rotate_node(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing)`
2416 * calls `rotate_and_place()` with infinitestacks set according to the state of
2417 the creative mode setting, and checks for "sneak" to set the `invert_wall`
2420 * `minetest.forceload_block(pos)`
2421 * forceloads the position `pos`.
2422 * returns `true` if area could be forceloaded
2423 * Please note that forceloaded areas are saved when the server restarts.
2425 * `minetest.forceload_free_block(pos)`
2426 * stops forceloading the position `pos`
2428 * `minetest.request_insecure_environment()`: returns an environment containing
2429 insecure functions if the calling mod has been listed as trusted in the
2430 `secure.trusted_mods` setting or security is disabled, otherwise returns `nil`.
2431 * Only works at init time.
2432 * **DO NOT ALLOW ANY OTHER MODS TO ACCESS THE RETURNED ENVIRONMENT, STORE IT IN
2435 * `minetest.global_exists(name)`
2436 * Checks if a global variable has been set, without triggering a warning.
2439 * `minetest.env`: `EnvRef` of the server environment and world.
2440 * Any function in the minetest namespace can be called using the syntax
2441 `minetest.env:somefunction(somearguments)`
2442 instead of `minetest.somefunction(somearguments)`
2443 * Deprecated, but support is not to be dropped soon
2446 * `minetest.registered_items`
2447 * Map of registered items, indexed by name
2448 * `minetest.registered_nodes`
2449 * Map of registered node definitions, indexed by name
2450 * `minetest.registered_craftitems`
2451 * Map of registered craft item definitions, indexed by name
2452 * `minetest.registered_tools`
2453 * Map of registered tool definitions, indexed by name
2454 * `minetest.registered_entities`
2455 * Map of registered entity prototypes, indexed by name
2456 * `minetest.object_refs`
2457 * Map of object references, indexed by active object id
2458 * `minetest.luaentities`
2459 * Map of Lua entities, indexed by active object id
2460 * `minetest.registered_ores`
2461 * List of registered ore definitions.
2462 * `minetest.registered_decorations`
2463 * List of registered decoration definitions.
2469 Node metadata: reference extra data and functionality stored in a node.
2470 Can be gotten via `minetest.get_meta(pos)`.
2473 * `set_string(name, value)`
2474 * `get_string(name)`
2475 * `set_int(name, value)`
2477 * `set_float(name, value)`
2479 * `get_inventory()`: returns `InvRef`
2480 * `to_table()`: returns `nil` or `{fields = {...}, inventory = {list1 = {}, ...}}`
2481 * `from_table(nil or {})`
2482 * See "Node Metadata"
2485 Node Timers: a high resolution persistent per-node timer.
2486 Can be gotten via `minetest.get_node_timer(pos)`.
2489 * `set(timeout,elapsed)`
2490 * set a timer's state
2491 * `timeout` is in seconds, and supports fractional values (0.1 etc)
2492 * `elapsed` is in seconds, and supports fractional values (0.1 etc)
2493 * will trigger the node's `on_timer` function after `timeout`-elapsed seconds
2496 * equivalent to `set(timeout,0)`
2499 * `get_timeout()`: returns current timeout in seconds
2500 * if `timeout` equals `0`, timer is inactive
2501 * `get_elapsed()`: returns current elapsed time in seconds
2502 * the node's `on_timer` function will be called after `timeout`-elapsed seconds
2503 * `is_started()`: returns boolean state of timer
2504 * returns `true` if timer is started, otherwise `false`
2507 Moving things in the game are generally these.
2509 This is basically a reference to a C++ `ServerActiveObject`
2512 * `remove()`: remove object (after returning from Lua)
2513 * Note: Doesn't work on players, use minetest.kick_player instead
2514 * `getpos()`: returns `{x=num, y=num, z=num}`
2515 * `setpos(pos)`; `pos`=`{x=num, y=num, z=num}`
2516 * `moveto(pos, continuous=false)`: interpolated move
2517 * `punch(puncher, time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, direction)`
2518 * `puncher` = another `ObjectRef`,
2519 * `time_from_last_punch` = time since last punch action of the puncher
2520 * `direction`: can be `nil`
2521 * `right_click(clicker)`; `clicker` is another `ObjectRef`
2522 * `get_hp()`: returns number of hitpoints (2 * number of hearts)
2523 * `set_hp(hp)`: set number of hitpoints (2 * number of hearts)
2524 * `get_inventory()`: returns an `InvRef`
2525 * `get_wield_list()`: returns the name of the inventory list the wielded item is in
2526 * `get_wield_index()`: returns the index of the wielded item
2527 * `get_wielded_item()`: returns an `ItemStack`
2528 * `set_wielded_item(item)`: replaces the wielded item, returns `true` if successful
2529 * `set_armor_groups({group1=rating, group2=rating, ...})`
2530 * `get_armor_groups()`: returns a table with the armor group ratings
2531 * `set_animation({x=1,y=1}, frame_speed=15, frame_blend=0, frame_loop=true)`
2532 * `get_animation()`: returns range, frame_speed, frame_blend and frame_loop
2533 * `set_attach(parent, bone, position, rotation)`
2535 * `position`: `{x=num, y=num, z=num}` (relative)
2536 * `rotation`: `{x=num, y=num, z=num}`
2537 * `get_attach()`: returns parent, bone, position, rotation or nil if it isn't attached
2539 * `set_bone_position(bone, position, rotation)`
2541 * `position`: `{x=num, y=num, z=num}` (relative)
2542 * `rotation`: `{x=num, y=num, z=num}`
2543 * `get_bone_position(bone)`: returns position and rotation of the bone
2544 * `set_properties(object property table)`
2545 * `get_properties()`: returns object property table
2546 * `is_player()`: returns true for players, false otherwise
2547 * `get_nametag_attributes()`
2548 * returns a table with the attributes of the nametag of an object
2550 color = {a=0..255, r=0..255, g=0..255, b=0..255},
2553 * `set_nametag_attributes(attributes)`
2554 * sets the attributes of the nametag of an object
2558 text = "My Nametag",
2561 ##### LuaEntitySAO-only (no-op for other objects)
2562 * `setvelocity({x=num, y=num, z=num})`
2563 * `getvelocity()`: returns `{x=num, y=num, z=num}`
2564 * `setacceleration({x=num, y=num, z=num})`
2565 * `getacceleration()`: returns `{x=num, y=num, z=num}`
2567 * `getyaw()`: returns number in radians
2568 * `settexturemod(mod)`
2569 * `setsprite(p={x=0,y=0}, num_frames=1, framelength=0.2,
2570 select_horiz_by_yawpitch=false)`
2571 * Select sprite from spritesheet with optional animation and DM-style
2572 texture selection based on yaw relative to camera
2573 * `get_entity_name()` (**Deprecated**: Will be removed in a future version)
2576 ##### Player-only (no-op for other objects)
2577 * `get_player_name()`: returns `""` if is not a player
2578 * `get_player_velocity()`: returns `nil` if is not a player otherwise a table {x, y, z} representing the player's instantaneous velocity in nodes/s
2579 * `get_look_dir()`: get camera direction as a unit vector
2580 * `get_look_pitch()`: pitch in radians
2581 * `get_look_yaw()`: yaw in radians (wraps around pretty randomly as of now)
2582 * `set_look_pitch(radians)`: sets look pitch
2583 * `set_look_yaw(radians)`: sets look yaw
2584 * `get_breath()`: returns players breath
2585 * `set_breath(value)`: sets players breath
2587 * `0`: player is drowning,
2588 * `1`-`10`: remaining number of bubbles
2589 * `11`: bubbles bar is not shown
2590 * `set_inventory_formspec(formspec)`
2591 * Redefine player's inventory form
2592 * Should usually be called in on_joinplayer
2593 * `get_inventory_formspec()`: returns a formspec string
2594 * `get_player_control()`: returns table with player pressed keys
2595 * `{jump=bool,right=bool,left=bool,LMB=bool,RMB=bool,sneak=bool,aux1=bool,down=bool,up=bool}`
2596 * `get_player_control_bits()`: returns integer with bit packed player pressed keys
2597 * bit nr/meaning: 0/up ,1/down ,2/left ,3/right ,4/jump ,5/aux1 ,6/sneak ,7/LMB ,8/RMB
2598 * `set_physics_override(override_table)`
2599 * `override_table` is a table with the following fields:
2600 * `speed`: multiplier to default walking speed value (default: `1`)
2601 * `jump`: multiplier to default jump value (default: `1`)
2602 * `gravity`: multiplier to default gravity value (default: `1`)
2603 * `sneak`: whether player can sneak (default: `true`)
2604 * `sneak_glitch`: whether player can use the sneak glitch (default: `true`)
2605 * `get_physics_override()`: returns the table given to set_physics_override
2606 * `hud_add(hud definition)`: add a HUD element described by HUD def, returns ID
2608 * `hud_remove(id)`: remove the HUD element of the specified id
2609 * `hud_change(id, stat, value)`: change a value of a previously added HUD element
2610 * element `stat` values: `position`, `name`, `scale`, `text`, `number`, `item`, `dir`
2611 * `hud_get(id)`: gets the HUD element definition structure of the specified ID
2612 * `hud_set_flags(flags)`: sets specified HUD flags to `true`/`false`
2613 * `flags`: (is visible) `hotbar`, `healthbar`, `crosshair`, `wielditem`, `minimap`
2614 * pass a table containing a `true`/`false` value of each flag to be set or unset
2615 * if a flag equals `nil`, the flag is not modified
2616 * note that setting `minimap` modifies the client's permission to view the minimap -
2617 * the client may locally elect to not view the minimap
2618 * `hud_get_flags()`: returns a table containing status of hud flags
2619 * returns `{ hotbar=true, healthbar=true, crosshair=true, wielditem=true, breathbar=true, minimap=true }`
2620 * `hud_set_hotbar_itemcount(count)`: sets number of items in builtin hotbar
2621 * `count`: number of items, must be between `1` and `23`
2622 * `hud_get_hotbar_itemcount`: returns number of visible items
2623 * `hud_set_hotbar_image(texturename)`
2624 * sets background image for hotbar
2625 * `hud_get_hotbar_image`: returns texturename
2626 * `hud_set_hotbar_selected_image(texturename)`
2627 * sets image for selected item of hotbar
2628 * `hud_get_hotbar_selected_image`: returns texturename
2629 * `hud_replace_builtin(name, hud_definition)`
2630 * replace definition of a builtin hud element
2631 * `name`: `"breath"` or `"health"`
2632 * `hud_definition`: definition to replace builtin definition
2633 * `set_sky(bgcolor, type, {texture names})`
2634 * `bgcolor`: ColorSpec, defaults to white
2636 * `"regular"`: Uses 0 textures, `bgcolor` ignored
2637 * `"skybox"`: Uses 6 textures, `bgcolor` used
2638 * `"plain"`: Uses 0 textures, `bgcolor` used
2639 * `get_sky()`: returns bgcolor, type and a table with the textures
2640 * `override_day_night_ratio(ratio or nil)`
2641 * `0`...`1`: Overrides day-night ratio, controlling sunlight to a specific amount
2642 * `nil`: Disables override, defaulting to sunlight based on day-night cycle
2643 * `get_day_night_ratio()`: returns the ratio or nil if it isn't overridden
2644 * `set_local_animation(stand/idle, walk, dig, walk+dig, frame_speed=frame_speed)`
2646 set animation for player model in third person view
2648 set_local_animation({x=0, y=79}, -- < stand/idle animation key frames
2649 {x=168, y=187}, -- < walk animation key frames
2650 {x=189, y=198}, -- < dig animation key frames
2651 {x=200, y=219}, -- < walk+dig animation key frames
2652 frame_speed=30): -- < animation frame speed
2653 * `get_local_animation()`: returns stand, walk, dig, dig+walk tables and frame_speed
2654 * `set_eye_offset({x=0,y=0,z=0},{x=0,y=0,z=0})`: defines offset value for camera per player
2655 * in first person view
2656 * in third person view (max. values `{x=-10/10,y=-10,15,z=-5/5}`)
2657 * `get_eye_offset()`: returns offset_first and offset_third
2660 An `InvRef` is a reference to an inventory.
2663 * `is_empty(listname)`: return `true` if list is empty
2664 * `get_size(listname)`: get size of a list
2665 * `set_size(listname, size)`: set size of a list
2666 * returns `false` on error (e.g. invalid `listname` or `size`)
2667 * `get_width(listname)`: get width of a list
2668 * `set_width(listname, width)`: set width of list; currently used for crafting
2669 * `get_stack(listname, i)`: get a copy of stack index `i` in list
2670 * `set_stack(listname, i, stack)`: copy `stack` to index `i` in list
2671 * `get_list(listname)`: return full list
2672 * `set_list(listname, list)`: set full list (size will not change)
2673 * `get_lists()`: returns list of inventory lists
2674 * `set_lists(lists)`: sets inventory lists (size will not change)
2675 * `add_item(listname, stack)`: add item somewhere in list, returns leftover `ItemStack`
2676 * `room_for_item(listname, stack):` returns `true` if the stack of items
2677 can be fully added to the list
2678 * `contains_item(listname, stack)`: returns `true` if the stack of items
2679 can be fully taken from the list
2680 * `remove_item(listname, stack)`: take as many items as specified from the list,
2681 returns the items that were actually removed (as an `ItemStack`) -- note that
2682 any item metadata is ignored, so attempting to remove a specific unique
2683 item this way will likely remove the wrong one -- to do that use `set_stack`
2684 with an empty `ItemStack`
2685 * `get_location()`: returns a location compatible to `minetest.get_inventory(location)`
2686 * returns `{type="undefined"}` in case location is not known
2689 A fast access data structure to store areas, and find areas near a given position or area.
2690 Every area has a `data` string attribute to store additional information.
2691 You can create an empty `AreaStore` by calling `AreaStore()`, or `AreaStore(type_name)`.
2692 If you chose the parameter-less constructor, a fast implementation will be automatically chosen for you.
2695 * `get_area(id, include_borders, include_data)`: returns the area with the id `id`. (optional) Boolean values `include_borders` and `include_data` control what's copied.
2696 * `get_areas_for_pos(pos, include_borders, include_data)`: returns all areas that contain the position `pos`. (optional) Boolean values `include_borders` and `include_data` control what's copied.
2697 * `get_areas_in_area(edge1, edge2, accept_overlap, include_borders, include_data)`: returns all areas that contain all nodes inside the area specified by `edge1` and `edge2` (inclusive). If `accept_overlap` is true, also areas are returned that have nodes in common with the specified area. (optional) Boolean values `include_borders` and `include_data` control what's copied.
2698 * `insert_area(edge1, edge2, data)`: inserts an area into the store. Returns the id if successful, nil otherwise. The (inclusive) positions `edge1` and `edge2` describe the area, `data`
2699 is a string stored with the area.
2700 * `reserve(count)`: reserves resources for at most `count` many contained areas. Only needed for efficiency, and only some implementations profit.
2701 * `remove_area(id)`: removes the area with the given id from the store, returns success.
2702 * `set_cache_params(params)`: sets params for the included prefiltering cache. Calling invalidates the cache, so that its elements have to be newly generated.
2705 enabled = boolean, -- whether to enable, default true
2706 block_radius = number, -- the radius (in nodes) of the areas the cache generates prefiltered lists for, minimum 16, default 64
2707 limit = number, -- the cache's size, minimum 20, default 1000
2711 An `ItemStack` is a stack of items.
2713 It can be created via `ItemStack(x)`, where x is an `ItemStack`,
2714 an itemstring, a table or `nil`.
2717 * `is_empty()`: Returns `true` if stack is empty.
2718 * `get_name()`: Returns item name (e.g. `"default:stone"`).
2719 * `set_name(item_name)`: Returns boolean success.
2720 Clears item on failure.
2721 * `get_count()`: Returns number of items on the stack.
2722 * `set_count(count)`
2723 * `get_wear()`: Returns tool wear (`0`-`65535`), `0` for non-tools.
2724 * `set_wear(wear)`: Returns boolean success.
2725 Clears item on failure.
2726 * `get_metadata()`: Returns metadata (a string attached to an item stack).
2727 * `set_metadata(metadata)`: Returns true.
2728 * `clear()`: removes all items from the stack, making it empty.
2729 * `replace(item)`: replace the contents of this stack.
2730 * `item` can also be an itemstring or table.
2731 * `to_string()`: Returns the stack in itemstring form.
2732 * `to_table()`: Returns the stack in Lua table form.
2733 * `get_stack_max()`: Returns the maximum size of the stack (depends on the item).
2734 * `get_free_space()`: Returns `get_stack_max() - get_count()`.
2735 * `is_known()`: Returns `true` if the item name refers to a defined item type.
2736 * `get_definition()`: Returns the item definition table.
2737 * `get_tool_capabilities()`: Returns the digging properties of the item,
2738 or those of the hand if none are defined for this item type
2739 * `add_wear(amount)`: Increases wear by `amount` if the item is a tool.
2740 * `add_item(item)`: Put some item or stack onto this stack.
2741 Returns leftover `ItemStack`.
2742 * `item_fits(item)`: Returns `true` if item or stack can be fully added to
2744 * `take_item(n=1)`: Take (and remove) up to `n` items from this stack.
2745 Returns taken `ItemStack`.
2746 * `peek_item(n=1)`: copy (don't remove) up to `n` items from this stack.
2747 Returns taken `ItemStack`.
2750 A 16-bit pseudorandom number generator.
2751 Uses a well-known LCG algorithm introduced by K&R.
2753 It can be created via `PseudoRandom(seed)`.
2756 * `next()`: return next integer random number [`0`...`32767`]
2757 * `next(min, max)`: return next integer random number [`min`...`max`]
2758 * `((max - min) == 32767) or ((max-min) <= 6553))` must be true
2759 due to the simple implementation making bad distribution otherwise.
2762 A 32-bit pseudorandom number generator.
2763 Uses PCG32, an algorithm of the permuted congruential generator family, offering very strong randomness.
2765 It can be created via `PcgRandom(seed)` or `PcgRandom(seed, sequence)`.
2768 * `next()`: return next integer random number [`-2147483648`...`2147483647`]
2769 * `next(min, max)`: return next integer random number [`min`...`max`]
2770 * `rand_normal_dist(min, max, num_trials=6)`: return normally distributed random number [`min`...`max`]
2771 * This is only a rough approximation of a normal distribution with mean=(max-min)/2 and variance=1
2772 * Increasing num_trials improves accuracy of the approximation
2775 Interface for the operating system's crypto-secure PRNG.
2777 It can be created via `SecureRandom()`. The constructor returns nil if a secure random device cannot be
2778 be found on the system.
2781 * `next_bytes([count])`: return next `count` (default 1, capped at 2048) many random bytes, as a string.
2784 A perlin noise generator.
2785 It can be created via `PerlinNoise(seed, octaves, persistence, scale)`
2786 or `PerlinNoise(noiseparams)`.
2787 Alternatively with `minetest.get_perlin(seeddiff, octaves, persistence, scale)`
2788 or `minetest.get_perlin(noiseparams)`.
2791 * `get2d(pos)`: returns 2D noise value at `pos={x=,y=}`
2792 * `get3d(pos)`: returns 3D noise value at `pos={x=,y=,z=}`
2794 ### `PerlinNoiseMap`
2795 A fast, bulk perlin noise generator.
2797 It can be created via `PerlinNoiseMap(noiseparams, size)` or
2798 `minetest.get_perlin_map(noiseparams, size)`.
2800 Format of `size` is `{x=dimx, y=dimy, z=dimz}`. The `z` conponent is ommitted
2801 for 2D noise, and it must be must be larger than 1 for 3D noise (otherwise
2804 For each of the functions with an optional `buffer` parameter: If `buffer` is not
2805 nil, this table will be used to store the result instead of creating a new table.
2809 * `get2dMap(pos)`: returns a `<size.x>` times `<size.y>` 2D array of 2D noise
2810 with values starting at `pos={x=,y=}`
2811 * `get3dMap(pos)`: returns a `<size.x>` times `<size.y>` times `<size.z>` 3D array
2812 of 3D noise with values starting at `pos={x=,y=,z=}`
2813 * `get2dMap_flat(pos, buffer)`: returns a flat `<size.x * size.y>` element array of 2D noise
2814 with values starting at `pos={x=,y=}`
2815 * `get3dMap_flat(pos, buffer)`: Same as `get2dMap_flat`, but 3D noise
2816 * `calc2dMap(pos)`: Calculates the 2d noise map starting at `pos`. The result is stored internally.
2817 * `calc3dMap(pos)`: Calculates the 3d noise map starting at `pos`. The result is stored internally.
2818 * `getMapSlice(slice_offset, slice_size, buffer)`: In the form of an array, returns a slice of the
2819 most recently computed noise results. The result slice begins at coordinates `slice_offset` and
2820 takes a chunk of `slice_size`.
2821 E.g. to grab a 2-slice high horizontal 2d plane of noise starting at buffer offset y = 20:
2822 `noisevals = noise:getMapSlice({y=20}, {y=2})`
2823 It is important to note that `slice_offset` offset coordinates begin at 1, and are relative to
2824 the starting position of the most recently calculated noise.
2825 To grab a single vertical column of noise starting at map coordinates x = 1023, y=1000, z = 1000:
2826 `noise:calc3dMap({x=1000, y=1000, z=1000})`
2827 `noisevals = noise:getMapSlice({x=24, z=1}, {x=1, z=1})`
2831 #### About VoxelManip
2832 VoxelManip is a scripting interface to the internal 'Map Voxel Manipulator' facility. The purpose of
2833 this object is for fast, low-level, bulk access to reading and writing Map content. As such, setting
2834 map nodes through VoxelManip will lack many of the higher level features and concepts you may be used
2835 to with other methods of setting nodes. For example, nodes will not have their construction and
2836 destruction callbacks run, and no rollback information is logged.
2838 It is important to note that VoxelManip is designed for speed, and *not* ease of use or flexibility.
2839 If your mod requires a map manipulation facility that will handle 100% of all edge cases, or the use
2840 of high level node placement features, perhaps minetest.set_node() is better suited for the job.
2842 In addition, VoxelManip might not be faster, or could even be slower, for your specific use case.
2843 VoxelManip is most effective when setting very large areas of map at once - for example, if only
2844 setting a 5x5x5 node area, a minetest.set_node() loop may be more optimal. Always profile code
2845 using both methods of map manipulation to determine which is most appropriate for your usage.
2847 #### Using VoxelManip
2848 A VoxelManip object can be created any time using either:
2849 `VoxelManip([p1, p2])`, or `minetest.get_voxel_manip([p1, p2])`.
2851 If the optional position parameters are present for either of these routines, the specified region
2852 will be pre-loaded into the VoxelManip object on creation. Otherwise, the area of map you wish to
2853 manipulate must first be loaded into the VoxelManip object using `VoxelManip:read_from_map()`.
2855 Note that `VoxelManip:read_from_map()` returns two position vectors. The region formed by these
2856 positions indicate the minimum and maximum (respectively) positions of the area actually loaded in
2857 the VoxelManip, which may be larger than the area requested. For convenience, the loaded area
2858 coordinates can also be queried any time after loading map data with `VoxelManip:get_emerged_area()`.
2860 Now that the VoxelManip object is populated with map data, your mod can fetch a copy of this data
2861 using either of two methods. `VoxelManip:get_node_at()`, which retrieves an individual node in a
2862 MapNode formatted table at the position requested is the simplest method to use, but also the slowest.
2864 Nodes in a VoxelManip object may also be read in bulk to a flat array table using:
2865 `VoxelManip:get_data()` for node content (in Content ID form, see section 'Content IDs'),
2866 `VoxelManip:get_light_data()` for node light levels, and
2867 `VoxelManip:get_param2_data()` for the node type-dependent "param2" values.
2869 See section 'Flat array format' for more details.
2871 It is very important to understand that the tables returned by any of the above three functions
2872 represent a snapshot of the VoxelManip's internal state at the time of the call. This copy of the
2873 data will *not* magically update itself if another function modifies the internal VoxelManip state.
2874 Any functions that modify a VoxelManip's contents work on the VoxelManip's internal state unless
2875 otherwise explicitly stated.
2877 Once the bulk data has been edited to your liking, the internal VoxelManip state can be set using:
2878 `VoxelManip:set_data()` for node content (in Content ID form, see section 'Content IDs'),
2879 `VoxelManip:set_light_data()` for node light levels, and
2880 `VoxelManip:set_param2_data()` for the node type-dependent "param2" values.
2882 The parameter to each of the above three functions can use any table at all in the same flat array
2883 format as produced by get_data() et al. and is *not required* to be a table retrieved from get_data().
2885 Once the internal VoxelManip state has been modified to your liking, the changes can be committed back
2886 to the map by calling `VoxelManip:write_to_map()`.
2888 Finally, a call to `VoxelManip:update_map()` is required to re-calculate lighting and set the blocks
2889 as being modified so that connected clients are sent the updated parts of map.
2892 ##### Flat array format
2894 `Nx = p2.X - p1.X + 1`,
2895 `Ny = p2.Y - p1.Y + 1`, and
2896 `Nz = p2.Z - p1.Z + 1`.
2898 Then, for a loaded region of p1..p2, this array ranges from `1` up to and including the value of
2899 the expression `Nx * Ny * Nz`.
2901 Positions offset from p1 are present in the array with the format of:
2904 (0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0), (2, 0, 0), ... (Nx, 0, 0),
2905 (0, 1, 0), (1, 1, 0), (2, 1, 0), ... (Nx, 1, 0),
2907 (0, Ny, 0), (1, Ny, 0), (2, Ny, 0), ... (Nx, Ny, 0),
2908 (0, 0, 1), (1, 0, 1), (2, 0, 1), ... (Nx, 0, 1),
2910 (0, Ny, 2), (1, Ny, 2), (2, Ny, 2), ... (Nx, Ny, 2),
2912 (0, Ny, Nz), (1, Ny, Nz), (2, Ny, Nz), ... (Nx, Ny, Nz)
2916 and the array index for a position p contained completely in p1..p2 is:
2918 `(p.Z - p1.Z) * Ny * Nx + (p.Y - p1.Y) * Nx + (p.X - p1.X) + 1`
2920 Note that this is the same "flat 3D array" format as `PerlinNoiseMap:get3dMap_flat()`.
2921 VoxelArea objects (see section 'VoxelArea') can be used to simplify calculation of the index
2922 for a single point in a flat VoxelManip array.
2925 A Content ID is a unique integer identifier for a specific node type. These IDs are used by VoxelManip
2926 in place of the node name string for `VoxelManip:get_data()` and `VoxelManip:set_data()`. You can use
2927 `minetest.get_content_id()` to look up the Content ID for the specified node name, and
2928 `minetest.get_name_from_content_id()` to look up the node name string for a given Content ID.
2929 After registration of a node, its Content ID will remain the same throughout execution of the mod.
2930 Note that the node being queried needs to have already been been registered.
2932 The following builtin node types have their Content IDs defined as constants:
2934 core.CONTENT_UNKNOWN (ID for "unknown" nodes)
2935 core.CONTENT_AIR (ID for "air" nodes)
2936 core.CONTENT_IGNORE (ID for "ignore" nodes)
2939 ##### Mapgen VoxelManip objects
2940 Inside of `on_generated()` callbacks, it is possible to retrieve the same VoxelManip object used by the
2941 core's Map Generator (commonly abbreviated Mapgen). Most of the rules previously described still apply
2942 but with a few differences:
2944 * The Mapgen VoxelManip object is retrieved using: `minetest.get_mapgen_object("voxelmanip")`
2945 * This VoxelManip object already has the region of map just generated loaded into it; it's not necessary
2946 to call `VoxelManip:read_from_map()` before using a Mapgen VoxelManip.
2947 * The `on_generated()` callbacks of some mods may place individual nodes in the generated area using
2948 non-VoxelManip map modification methods. Because the same Mapgen VoxelManip object is passed through
2949 each `on_generated()` callback, it becomes necessary for the Mapgen VoxelManip object to maintain
2950 consistency with the current map state. For this reason, calling any of the following functions:
2951 `minetest.add_node()`, `minetest.set_node()`, or `minetest.swap_node()`
2952 will also update the Mapgen VoxelManip object's internal state active on the current thread.
2953 * After modifying the Mapgen VoxelManip object's internal buffer, it may be necessary to update lighting
2954 information using either: `VoxelManip:calc_lighting()` or `VoxelManip:set_lighting()`.
2955 * `VoxelManip:update_map()` does not need to be called after `write_to_map()`. The map update is performed
2956 automatically after all on_generated callbacks have been run for that generated block.
2958 ##### Other API functions operating on a VoxelManip
2959 If any VoxelManip contents were set to a liquid node, `VoxelManip:update_liquids()` must be called
2960 for these liquid nodes to begin flowing. It is recommended to call this function only after having
2961 written all buffered data back to the VoxelManip object, save for special situations where the modder
2962 desires to only have certain liquid nodes begin flowing.
2964 The functions `minetest.generate_ores()` and `minetest.generate_decorations()` will generate all
2965 registered decorations and ores throughout the full area inside of the specified VoxelManip object.
2967 `minetest.place_schematic_on_vmanip()` is otherwise identical to `minetest.place_schematic()`,
2968 except instead of placing the specified schematic directly on the map at the specified position, it
2969 will place the schematic inside of the VoxelManip.
2972 * Attempting to read data from a VoxelManip object before map is read will result in a zero-length
2973 array table for `VoxelManip:get_data()`, and an "ignore" node at any position for
2974 `VoxelManip:get_node_at()`.
2975 * If either a region of map has not yet been generated or is out-of-bounds of the map, that region is
2976 filled with "ignore" nodes.
2977 * Other mods, or the core itself, could possibly modify the area of map currently loaded into a VoxelManip
2978 object. With the exception of Mapgen VoxelManips (see above section), the internal buffers are not
2979 updated. For this reason, it is strongly encouraged to complete the usage of a particular VoxelManip
2980 object in the same callback it had been created.
2981 * If a VoxelManip object will be used often, such as in an `on_generated()` callback, consider passing
2982 a file-scoped table as the optional parameter to `VoxelManip:get_data()`, which serves as a static
2983 buffer the function can use to write map data to instead of returning a new table each call. This
2984 greatly enhances performance by avoiding unnecessary memory allocations.
2987 * `read_from_map(p1, p2)`: Loads a chunk of map into the VoxelManip object containing
2988 the region formed by `p1` and `p2`.
2989 * returns actual emerged `pmin`, actual emerged `pmax`
2990 * `write_to_map()`: Writes the data loaded from the `VoxelManip` back to the map.
2991 * **important**: data must be set using `VoxelManip:set_data()` before calling this
2992 * `get_node_at(pos)`: Returns a `MapNode` table of the node currently loaded in
2993 the `VoxelManip` at that position
2994 * `set_node_at(pos, node)`: Sets a specific `MapNode` in the `VoxelManip` at that position
2995 * `get_data([buffer])`: Retrieves the node content data loaded into the `VoxelManip` object
2996 * returns raw node data in the form of an array of node content IDs
2997 * if the param `buffer` is present, this table will be used to store the result instead
2998 * `set_data(data)`: Sets the data contents of the `VoxelManip` object
2999 * `update_map()`: Update map after writing chunk back to map.
3000 * To be used only by `VoxelManip` objects created by the mod itself;
3001 not a `VoxelManip` that was retrieved from `minetest.get_mapgen_object`
3002 * `set_lighting(light, [p1, p2])`: Set the lighting within the `VoxelManip` to a uniform value
3003 * `light` is a table, `{day=<0...15>, night=<0...15>}`
3004 * To be used only by a `VoxelManip` object from `minetest.get_mapgen_object`
3005 * (`p1`, `p2`) is the area in which lighting is set;
3006 defaults to the whole area if left out
3007 * `get_light_data()`: Gets the light data read into the `VoxelManip` object
3008 * Returns an array (indices 1 to volume) of integers ranging from `0` to `255`
3009 * Each value is the bitwise combination of day and night light values (`0` to `15` each)
3010 * `light = day + (night * 16)`
3011 * `set_light_data(light_data)`: Sets the `param1` (light) contents of each node
3013 * expects lighting data in the same format that `get_light_data()` returns
3014 * `get_param2_data()`: Gets the raw `param2` data read into the `VoxelManip` object
3015 * `set_param2_data(param2_data)`: Sets the `param2` contents of each node in the `VoxelManip`
3016 * `calc_lighting([p1, p2], [propagate_shadow])`: Calculate lighting within the `VoxelManip`
3017 * To be used only by a `VoxelManip` object from `minetest.get_mapgen_object`
3018 * (`p1`, `p2`) is the area in which lighting is set; defaults to the whole area
3020 * `propagate_shadow` is an optional boolean deciding whether shadows in a generated
3021 mapchunk above are propagated down into the mapchunk; defaults to `true` if left out
3022 * `update_liquids()`: Update liquid flow
3023 * `was_modified()`: Returns `true` or `false` if the data in the voxel manipulator
3024 had been modified since the last read from map, due to a call to
3025 `minetest.set_data()` on the loaded area elsewhere
3026 * `get_emerged_area()`: Returns actual emerged minimum and maximum positions.
3029 A helper class for voxel areas.
3030 It can be created via `VoxelArea:new{MinEdge=pmin, MaxEdge=pmax}`.
3031 The coordinates are *inclusive*, like most other things in Minetest.
3034 * `getExtent()`: returns a 3D vector containing the size of the area formed by
3035 `MinEdge` and `MaxEdge`
3036 * `getVolume()`: returns the volume of the area formed by `MinEdge` and `MaxEdge`
3037 * `index(x, y, z)`: returns the index of an absolute position in a flat array starting at `1`
3038 * useful for things like `VoxelManip`, raw Schematic specifiers,
3039 `PerlinNoiseMap:get2d`/`3dMap`, and so on
3040 * `indexp(p)`: same as above, except takes a vector
3041 * `position(i)`: returns the absolute position vector corresponding to index `i`
3042 * `contains(x, y, z)`: check if (`x`,`y`,`z`) is inside area formed by `MinEdge` and `MaxEdge`
3043 * `containsp(p)`: same as above, except takes a vector
3044 * `containsi(i)`: same as above, except takes an index `i`
3045 * `iter(minx, miny, minz, maxx, maxy, maxz)`: returns an iterator that returns indices
3046 * from (`minx`,`miny`,`minz`) to (`maxx`,`maxy`,`maxz`) in the order of `[z [y [x]]]`
3047 * `iterp(minp, maxp)`: same as above, except takes a vector
3050 An interface to read config files in the format of `minetest.conf`.
3052 It can be created via `Settings(filename)`.
3055 * `get(key)`: returns a value
3056 * `get_bool(key)`: returns a boolean
3058 * `remove(key)`: returns a boolean (`true` for success)
3059 * `get_names()`: returns `{key1,...}`
3060 * `write()`: returns a boolean (`true` for success)
3061 * write changes to file
3062 * `to_table()`: returns `{[key1]=value1,...}`
3066 A mapgen object is a construct used in map generation. Mapgen objects can be used
3067 by an `on_generate` callback to speed up operations by avoiding unnecessary
3068 recalculations; these can be retrieved using the `minetest.get_mapgen_object()`
3069 function. If the requested Mapgen object is unavailable, or `get_mapgen_object()`
3070 was called outside of an `on_generate()` callback, `nil` is returned.
3072 The following Mapgen objects are currently available:
3075 This returns three values; the `VoxelManip` object to be used, minimum and maximum
3076 emerged position, in that order. All mapgens support this object.
3079 Returns an array containing the y coordinates of the ground levels of nodes in
3080 the most recently generated chunk by the current mapgen.
3083 Returns an array containing the biome IDs of nodes in the most recently
3084 generated chunk by the current mapgen.
3087 Returns an array containing the temperature values of nodes in the most
3088 recently generated chunk by the current mapgen.
3091 Returns an array containing the humidity values of nodes in the most recently
3092 generated chunk by the current mapgen.
3095 Returns a table mapping requested generation notification types to arrays of
3096 positions at which the corresponding generated structures are located at within
3097 the current chunk. To set the capture of positions of interest to be recorded
3098 on generate, use `minetest.set_gen_notify()`.
3100 Possible fields of the table returned are:
3106 * `large_cave_begin`
3110 Decorations have a key in the format of `"decoration#id"`, where `id` is the
3111 numeric unique decoration ID.
3115 * Functions receive a "luaentity" as `self`:
3116 * It has the member `.name`, which is the registered name `("mod:thing")`
3117 * It has the member `.object`, which is an `ObjectRef` pointing to the object
3118 * The original prototype stuff is visible directly via a metatable
3120 * `on_activate(self, staticdata)`
3121 * Called when the object is instantiated.
3122 * `on_step(self, dtime)`
3123 * Called on every server tick, after movement and collision processing.
3124 `dtime` is usually 0.1 seconds, as per the `dedicated_server_step` setting
3126 * `on_punch(self, puncher, time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, dir`
3127 * Called when somebody punches the object.
3128 * Note that you probably want to handle most punches using the
3129 automatic armor group system.
3130 * `puncher`: an `ObjectRef` (can be `nil`)
3131 * `time_from_last_punch`: Meant for disallowing spamming of clicks (can be `nil`)
3132 * `tool_capabilities`: capability table of used tool (can be `nil`)
3133 * `dir`: unit vector of direction of punch. Always defined. Points from
3134 the puncher to the punched.
3135 * `on_rightclick(self, clicker)`
3136 * `get_staticdata(self)`
3137 * Should return a string that will be passed to `on_activate` when
3138 the object is instantiated the next time.
3146 axiom, --string initial tree axiom
3147 rules_a, --string rules set A
3148 rules_b, --string rules set B
3149 rules_c, --string rules set C
3150 rules_d, --string rules set D
3151 trunk, --string trunk node name
3152 leaves, --string leaves node name
3153 leaves2, --string secondary leaves node name
3154 leaves2_chance,--num chance (0-100) to replace leaves with leaves2
3155 angle, --num angle in deg
3156 iterations, --num max # of iterations, usually 2 -5
3157 random_level, --num factor to lower nr of iterations, usually 0 - 3
3158 trunk_type, --string single/double/crossed) type of trunk: 1 node,
3159 -- 2x2 nodes or 3x3 in cross shape
3160 thin_branches, --boolean true -> use thin (1 node) branches
3161 fruit, --string fruit node name
3162 fruit_chance, --num chance (0-100) to replace leaves with fruit node
3163 seed, --num random seed; if no seed is provided, the engine will create one
3166 ### Key for Special L-System Symbols used in Axioms
3168 * `G`: move forward one unit with the pen up
3169 * `F`: move forward one unit with the pen down drawing trunks and branches
3170 * `f`: move forward one unit with the pen down drawing leaves (100% chance)
3171 * `T`: move forward one unit with the pen down drawing trunks only
3172 * `R`: move forward one unit with the pen down placing fruit
3173 * `A`: replace with rules set A
3174 * `B`: replace with rules set B
3175 * `C`: replace with rules set C
3176 * `D`: replace with rules set D
3177 * `a`: replace with rules set A, chance 90%
3178 * `b`: replace with rules set B, chance 80%
3179 * `c`: replace with rules set C, chance 70%
3180 * `d`: replace with rules set D, chance 60%
3181 * `+`: yaw the turtle right by `angle` parameter
3182 * `-`: yaw the turtle left by `angle` parameter
3183 * `&`: pitch the turtle down by `angle` parameter
3184 * `^`: pitch the turtle up by `angle` parameter
3185 * `/`: roll the turtle to the right by `angle` parameter
3186 * `*`: roll the turtle to the left by `angle` parameter
3187 * `[`: save in stack current state info
3188 * `]`: recover from stack state info
3191 Spawn a small apple tree:
3193 pos = {x=230,y=20,z=4}
3196 rules_a="[&&&FFFFF&&FFFF][&&&++++FFFFF&&FFFF][&&&----FFFFF&&FFFF]",
3197 rules_b="[&&&++FFFFF&&FFFF][&&&--FFFFF&&FFFF][&&&------FFFFF&&FFFF]",
3198 trunk="default:tree",
3199 leaves="default:leaves",
3203 trunk_type="single",
3206 fruit="default:apple"
3208 minetest.spawn_tree(pos,apple_tree)
3213 ### Object Properties
3218 collide_with_objects = true, -- collide with other objects if physical=true
3220 collisionbox = {-0.5,-0.5,-0.5, 0.5,0.5,0.5},
3221 visual = "cube"/"sprite"/"upright_sprite"/"mesh"/"wielditem",
3222 visual_size = {x=1, y=1},
3224 textures = {}, -- number of required textures depends on visual
3225 colors = {}, -- number of required colors depends on visual
3226 spritediv = {x=1, y=1},
3227 initial_sprite_basepos = {x=0, y=0},
3229 makes_footstep_sound = false,
3230 automatic_rotate = false,
3232 automatic_face_movement_dir = 0.0,
3233 -- ^ automatically set yaw to movement direction; offset in degrees; false to disable
3234 automatic_face_movement_max_rotation_per_sec = -1,
3235 -- ^ limit automatic rotation to this value in degrees per second. values < 0 no limit
3236 backface_culling = true, -- false to disable backface_culling for model
3237 nametag = "", -- by default empty, for players their name is shown if empty
3238 nametag_color = <color>, -- sets color of nametag as ColorSpec
3241 ### Entity definition (`register_entity`)
3244 -- Deprecated: Everything in object properties is read directly from here
3246 initial_properties = --[[<initial object properties>]],
3248 on_activate = function(self, staticdata, dtime_s),
3249 on_step = function(self, dtime),
3250 on_punch = function(self, hitter),
3251 on_rightclick = function(self, clicker),
3252 get_staticdata = function(self),
3253 -- ^ Called sometimes; the string returned is passed to on_activate when
3254 -- the entity is re-activated from static state
3256 -- Also you can define arbitrary member variables here
3257 myvariable = whatever,
3260 ### ABM (ActiveBlockModifier) definition (`register_abm`)
3263 -- In the following two fields, also group:groupname will work.
3264 nodenames = {"default:lava_source"},
3265 neighbors = {"default:water_source", "default:water_flowing"}, -- Any of these --[[
3266 ^ If left out or empty, any neighbor will do ]]
3267 interval = 1.0, -- Operation interval in seconds
3268 chance = 1, -- Chance of trigger per-node per-interval is 1.0 / this
3269 catch_up = true, -- If true, catch-up behaviour is enabled --[[
3270 ^ The chance value is temporarily reduced when returning to
3271 an area to simulate time lost by the area being unattended.
3272 ^ Note chance value can often be reduced to 1 ]]
3273 action = func(pos, node, active_object_count, active_object_count_wider),
3276 ### Item definition (`register_node`, `register_craftitem`, `register_tool`)
3279 description = "Steel Axe",
3280 groups = {}, -- key=name, value=rating; rating=1..3.
3281 if rating not applicable, use 1.
3282 e.g. {wool=1, fluffy=3}
3283 {soil=2, outerspace=1, crumbly=1}
3284 {bendy=2, snappy=1},
3285 {hard=1, metal=1, spikes=1}
3286 inventory_image = "default_tool_steelaxe.png",
3288 wield_scale = {x=1,y=1,z=1},
3291 liquids_pointable = false,
3292 tool_capabilities = {
3293 full_punch_interval = 1.0,
3297 snappy={times={[2]=0.80, [3]=0.40}, maxwear=0.05, maxlevel=1},
3298 choppy={times={[3]=0.90}, maxwear=0.05, maxlevel=0}
3300 damage_groups = {groupname=damage},
3302 node_placement_prediction = nil,
3304 ^ If nil and item is node, prediction is made automatically
3305 ^ If nil and item is not a node, no prediction is made
3306 ^ If "" and item is anything, no prediction is made
3307 ^ Otherwise should be name of node which the client immediately places
3308 on ground when the player places the item. Server will always update
3309 actual result to client in a short moment.
3312 place = --[[<SimpleSoundSpec>]],
3315 on_place = func(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing),
3317 ^ Shall place item and return the leftover itemstack
3318 ^ default: minetest.item_place ]]
3319 on_secondary_use = func(itemstack, user, pointed_thing),
3321 ^ Same as on_place but called when pointing at nothing.
3322 ^ pointed_thing : always { type = "nothing" }
3324 on_drop = func(itemstack, dropper, pos),
3326 ^ Shall drop item and return the leftover itemstack
3327 ^ default: minetest.item_drop ]]
3328 on_use = func(itemstack, user, pointed_thing),
3331 ^ Function must return either nil if no item shall be removed from
3332 inventory, or an itemstack to replace the original itemstack.
3333 e.g. itemstack:take_item(); return itemstack
3334 ^ Otherwise, the function is free to do what it wants.
3335 ^ The default functions handle regular use cases.
3337 after_use = func(itemstack, user, node, digparams),
3340 ^ If defined, should return an itemstack and will be called instead of
3341 wearing out the tool. If returns nil, does nothing.
3342 If after_use doesn't exist, it is the same as:
3343 function(itemstack, user, node, digparams)
3344 itemstack:add_wear(digparams.wear)
3352 * `{name="image.png", animation={Tile Animation definition}}`
3353 * `{name="image.png", backface_culling=bool, tileable_vertical=bool,
3354 tileable_horizontal=bool}`
3355 * backface culling only supported in special tiles.
3356 * tileable flags are info for shaders, how they should treat texture
3357 when displacement mapping is used
3358 Directions are from the point of view of the tile texture,
3359 not the node it's on
3360 * deprecated, yet still supported field names:
3363 ### Tile animation definition
3364 * `{type="vertical_frames", aspect_w=16, aspect_h=16, length=3.0}`
3366 ### Node definition (`register_node`)
3369 -- <all fields allowed in item definitions>,
3371 drawtype = "normal", -- See "Node drawtypes"
3372 visual_scale = 1.0, --[[
3373 ^ Supported for drawtypes "plantlike", "signlike", "torchlike", "mesh".
3374 ^ For plantlike, the image will start at the bottom of the node; for the
3375 ^ other drawtypes, the image will be centered on the node.
3376 ^ Note that positioning for "torchlike" may still change. ]]
3377 tiles = {tile definition 1, def2, def3, def4, def5, def6}, --[[
3378 ^ Textures of node; +Y, -Y, +X, -X, +Z, -Z (old field name: tile_images)
3379 ^ List can be shortened to needed length ]]
3380 special_tiles = {tile definition 1, Tile definition 2}, --[[
3381 ^ Special textures of node; used rarely (old field name: special_materials)
3382 ^ List can be shortened to needed length ]]
3384 use_texture_alpha = false, -- Use texture's alpha channel
3385 post_effect_color = "green#0F", -- If player is inside node, see "ColorSpec"
3386 paramtype = "none", -- See "Nodes" --[[
3387 ^ paramtype = "light" allows light to propagate from or through the node with light value
3388 ^ falling by 1 per node. This line is essential for a light source node to spread its light. ]]
3389 paramtype2 = "none", -- See "Nodes"
3390 is_ground_content = true, -- If false, the cave generator will not carve through this
3391 sunlight_propagates = false, -- If true, sunlight will go infinitely through this
3392 walkable = true, -- If true, objects collide with node
3393 pointable = true, -- If true, can be pointed at
3394 diggable = true, -- If false, can never be dug
3395 climbable = false, -- If true, can be climbed on (ladder)
3396 buildable_to = false, -- If true, placed nodes can replace this node
3397 floodable = false, -- If true, liquids flow into and replace this node
3398 liquidtype = "none", -- "none"/"source"/"flowing"
3399 liquid_alternative_flowing = "", -- Flowing version of source liquid
3400 liquid_alternative_source = "", -- Source version of flowing liquid
3401 liquid_viscosity = 0, -- Higher viscosity = slower flow (max. 7)
3402 liquid_renewable = true, -- Can new liquid source be created by placing two or more sources nearby?
3404 ^ Block contains level in param2. Value is default level, used for snow.
3405 ^ Don't forget to use "leveled" type nodebox. ]]
3406 liquid_range = 8, -- number of flowing nodes around source (max. 8)
3407 drowning = 0, -- Player will take this amount of damage if no bubbles are left
3408 light_source = 0, -- Amount of light emitted by node
3409 damage_per_second = 0, -- If player is inside node, this damage is caused
3410 node_box = {type="regular"}, -- See "Node boxes"
3412 selection_box = {type="regular"}, -- See "Node boxes" --[[
3413 ^ If drawtype "nodebox" is used and selection_box is nil, then node_box is used. ]]
3414 legacy_facedir_simple = false, -- Support maps made in and before January 2012
3415 legacy_wallmounted = false, -- Support maps made in and before January 2012
3417 footstep = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
3418 dig = <SimpleSoundSpec>, -- "__group" = group-based sound (default)
3419 dug = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
3420 place = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
3421 place_failed = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
3423 drop = "", -- Name of dropped node when dug. Default is the node itself.
3426 max_items = 1, -- Maximum number of items to drop.
3427 items = { -- Choose max_items randomly from this list.
3429 items = {"foo:bar", "baz:frob"}, -- Choose one item randomly from this list.
3430 rarity = 1, -- Probability of getting is 1 / rarity.
3435 on_construct = func(pos), --[[
3436 ^ Node constructor; called after adding node
3437 ^ Can set up metadata and stuff like that
3438 ^ Not called for bulk node placement (i.e. schematics and VoxelManip)
3440 on_destruct = func(pos), --[[
3441 ^ Node destructor; called before removing node
3442 ^ Not called for bulk node placement (i.e. schematics and VoxelManip)
3444 after_destruct = func(pos, oldnode), --[[
3445 ^ Node destructor; called after removing node
3446 ^ Not called for bulk node placement (i.e. schematics and VoxelManip)
3449 after_place_node = func(pos, placer, itemstack, pointed_thing) --[[
3450 ^ Called after constructing node when node was placed using
3451 minetest.item_place_node / minetest.place_node
3452 ^ If return true no item is taken from itemstack
3454 after_dig_node = func(pos, oldnode, oldmetadata, digger), --[[
3455 ^ oldmetadata is in table format
3456 ^ Called after destructing node when node was dug using
3457 minetest.node_dig / minetest.dig_node
3459 can_dig = function(pos, [player]) --[[
3460 ^ returns true if node can be dug, or false if not
3463 on_punch = func(pos, node, puncher, pointed_thing), --[[
3464 ^ default: minetest.node_punch
3465 ^ By default: Calls minetest.register_on_punchnode callbacks ]]
3466 on_rightclick = func(pos, node, clicker, itemstack, pointed_thing), --[[
3468 ^ if defined, itemstack will hold clicker's wielded item
3469 ^ Shall return the leftover itemstack
3470 ^ Note: pointed_thing can be nil, if a mod calls this function ]]
3472 on_dig = func(pos, node, digger), --[[
3473 ^ default: minetest.node_dig
3474 ^ By default: checks privileges, wears out tool and removes node ]]
3476 on_timer = function(pos,elapsed), --[[
3478 ^ called by NodeTimers, see minetest.get_node_timer and NodeTimerRef
3479 ^ elapsed is the total time passed since the timer was started
3480 ^ return true to run the timer for another cycle with the same timeout value ]]
3482 on_receive_fields = func(pos, formname, fields, sender), --[[
3483 ^ fields = {name1 = value1, name2 = value2, ...}
3484 ^ Called when an UI form (e.g. sign text input) returns data
3487 allow_metadata_inventory_move = func(pos, from_list, from_index,
3488 to_list, to_index, count, player), --[[
3489 ^ Called when a player wants to move items inside the inventory
3490 ^ Return value: number of items allowed to move ]]
3492 allow_metadata_inventory_put = func(pos, listname, index, stack, player), --[[
3493 ^ Called when a player wants to put something into the inventory
3494 ^ Return value: number of items allowed to put
3495 ^ Return value: -1: Allow and don't modify item count in inventory ]]
3497 allow_metadata_inventory_take = func(pos, listname, index, stack, player), --[[
3498 ^ Called when a player wants to take something out of the inventory
3499 ^ Return value: number of items allowed to take
3500 ^ Return value: -1: Allow and don't modify item count in inventory ]]
3502 on_metadata_inventory_move = func(pos, from_list, from_index,
3503 to_list, to_index, count, player),
3504 on_metadata_inventory_put = func(pos, listname, index, stack, player),
3505 on_metadata_inventory_take = func(pos, listname, index, stack, player), --[[
3506 ^ Called after the actual action has happened, according to what was allowed.
3507 ^ No return value ]]
3509 on_blast = func(pos, intensity), --[[
3510 ^ intensity: 1.0 = mid range of regular TNT
3511 ^ If defined, called when an explosion touches the node, instead of
3512 removing the node ]]
3515 ### Recipe for `register_craft` (shaped)
3518 output = 'default:pick_stone',
3520 {'default:cobble', 'default:cobble', 'default:cobble'},
3521 {'', 'default:stick', ''},
3522 {'', 'default:stick', ''}, -- Also groups; e.g. 'group:crumbly'
3524 replacements = --[[<optional list of item pairs,
3525 replace one input item with another item on crafting>]]
3528 ### Recipe for `register_craft` (shapeless)
3532 output = 'mushrooms:mushroom_stew',
3535 "mushrooms:mushroom_brown",
3536 "mushrooms:mushroom_red",
3538 replacements = --[[<optional list of item pairs,
3539 replace one input item with another item on crafting>]]
3542 ### Recipe for `register_craft` (tool repair)
3545 type = "toolrepair",
3546 additional_wear = -0.02,
3549 ### Recipe for `register_craft` (cooking)
3553 output = "default:glass",
3554 recipe = "default:sand",
3558 ### Recipe for `register_craft` (furnace fuel)
3562 recipe = "default:leaves",
3566 ### Ore definition (`register_ore`)
3569 ore_type = "scatter", -- See "Ore types"
3570 ore = "default:stone_with_coal",
3571 wherein = "default:stone",
3572 -- ^ a list of nodenames is supported too
3573 clust_scarcity = 8*8*8,
3574 -- ^ Ore has a 1 out of clust_scarcity chance of spawning in a node
3575 -- ^ This value should be *MUCH* higher than your intuition might tell you!
3577 -- ^ Number of ores in a cluster
3579 -- ^ Size of the bounding box of the cluster
3580 -- ^ In this example, there is a 3x3x3 cluster where 8 out of the 27 nodes are coal ore
3584 -- ^ Attributes for this ore generation
3585 noise_threshold = 0.5,
3586 -- ^ If noise is above this threshold, ore is placed. Not needed for a uniform distribution
3587 noise_params = {offset=0, scale=1, spread={x=100, y=100, z=100}, seed=23, octaves=3, persist=0.70}
3588 -- ^ NoiseParams structure describing the perlin noise used for ore distribution.
3589 -- ^ Needed for sheet ore_type. Omit from scatter ore_type for a uniform ore distribution
3590 random_factor = 1.0,
3591 -- ^ Multiplier of the randomness contribution to the noise value at any
3592 -- given point to decide if ore should be placed. Set to 0 for solid veins.
3593 -- ^ This parameter is only valid for ore_type == "vein".
3594 biomes = {"desert", "rainforest"}
3595 -- ^ List of biomes in which this decoration occurs. Occurs in all biomes if this is omitted,
3596 -- ^ and ignored if the Mapgen being used does not support biomes.
3597 -- ^ Can be a list of (or a single) biome names, IDs, or definitions.
3600 ### Biome definition (`register_biome`)
3604 node_dust = "default:snow",
3605 -- ^ Node dropped onto upper surface after all else is generated.
3606 node_top = "default:dirt_with_snow",
3608 -- ^ Node forming surface layer of biome and thickness of this layer.
3609 node_filler = "default:permafrost",
3611 -- ^ Node forming lower layer of biome and thickness of this layer.
3612 node_stone = "default:bluestone",
3613 -- ^ Node that replaces all stone nodes between roughly y_min and y_max.
3614 node_water_top = "default:ice",
3615 depth_water_top = 10,
3616 -- ^ Node forming a surface layer in seawater with the defined thickness.
3618 -- ^ Node that replaces all seawater nodes not in the defined surface layer.
3619 node_river_water = "default:ice",
3620 -- ^ Node that replaces river water in mapgens that use default:river_water.
3623 -- ^ Lower and upper limits for biome.
3624 -- ^ Because biome is not recalculated for every node in a node column
3625 -- ^ some biome materials can exceed their limits, especially stone.
3626 -- ^ For each node column in a mapchunk, biome is only recalculated at column
3627 -- ^ top and at each of these surfaces:
3628 -- ^ Ground below air, water below air, ground below water.
3629 -- ^ The selected biome then stays in effect for all nodes below until
3630 -- ^ column base or the next biome recalculation.
3632 humidity_point = 50,
3633 -- ^ Characteristic average temperature and humidity for the biome.
3634 -- ^ These values create 'biome points' on a voronoi diagram that has heat
3635 -- ^ and humidity as axes. The resulting voronoi cells determine which
3636 -- ^ heat/humidity points belong to which biome, and therefore determine
3637 -- ^ the area and location of each biome in the world.
3638 -- ^ The biome points need to be carefully and evenly spaced on the voronoi
3639 -- ^ diagram to result in roughly equal size biomes.
3640 -- ^ Heat and humidity have average values of 50, vary mostly between
3641 -- ^ 0 and 100 but also often exceed these values.
3642 -- ^ Heat is not in degrees celcius, both values are abstract.
3645 ### Decoration definition (`register_decoration`)
3648 deco_type = "simple", -- See "Decoration types"
3649 place_on = "default:dirt_with_grass",
3650 -- ^ Node that decoration can be placed on
3652 -- ^ Size of divisions made in the chunk being generated.
3653 -- ^ If the chunk size is not evenly divisible by sidelen, sidelen is made equal to the chunk size.
3655 -- ^ Ratio of the area to be uniformly filled by the decoration.
3656 -- ^ Used only if noise_params is not specified.
3657 noise_params = {offset=0, scale=.45, spread={x=100, y=100, z=100}, seed=354, octaves=3, persist=0.7},
3658 -- ^ NoiseParams structure describing the perlin noise used for decoration distribution.
3659 -- ^ The result of this is multiplied by the 2d area of the division being decorated.
3660 biomes = {"Oceanside", "Hills", "Plains"},
3661 -- ^ List of biomes in which this decoration occurs. Occurs in all biomes if this is omitted,
3662 -- ^ and ignored if the Mapgen being used does not support biomes.
3663 -- ^ Can be a list of (or a single) biome names, IDs, or definitions.
3666 -- ^ Minimum and maximum `y` positions these decorations can be generated at.
3667 -- ^ This parameter refers to the `y` position of the decoration base, so
3668 -- the actual maximum height would be `height_max + size.Y`.
3669 flags = "liquid_surface",
3670 -- ^ Flags for all decoration types.
3671 -- ^ "liquid_surface": Instead of placement on the highest solid surface
3672 -- ^ in a mapchunk column, placement is on the highest liquid surface.
3673 -- ^ Placement is disabled if solid nodes are found above the liquid surface.
3675 ----- Simple-type parameters
3676 decoration = "default:grass",
3677 -- ^ The node name used as the decoration.
3678 -- ^ If instead a list of strings, a randomly selected node from the list is placed as the decoration.
3680 -- ^ Number of nodes high the decoration is made.
3681 -- ^ If height_max is not 0, this is the lower bound of the randomly selected height.
3683 -- ^ Number of nodes the decoration can be at maximum.
3684 -- ^ If absent, the parameter 'height' is used as a constant.
3685 spawn_by = "default:water",
3686 -- ^ Node that the decoration only spawns next to.
3687 -- ^ The neighbours checked are the 8 nodes horizontally surrounding the lowest node of the
3688 -- ^ decoration, and the 8 nodes horizontally surrounding the ground node below the decoration.
3690 -- ^ Number of spawn_by nodes that must be surrounding the decoration position to occur.
3691 -- ^ If absent or -1, decorations occur next to any nodes.
3693 ----- Schematic-type parameters
3694 schematic = "foobar.mts",
3695 -- ^ If schematic is a string, it is the filepath relative to the current working directory of the
3696 -- ^ specified Minetest schematic file.
3697 -- ^ - OR -, could be the ID of a previously registered schematic
3698 -- ^ - OR -, could instead be a table containing two mandatory fields, size and data,
3699 -- ^ and an optional table yslice_prob:
3701 size = {x=4, y=6, z=4},
3703 {name="default:cobble", param1=255, param2=0},
3704 {name="default:dirt_with_grass", param1=255, param2=0},
3705 {name="ignore", param1=255, param2=0},
3706 {name="air", param1=255, param2=0},
3715 -- ^ See 'Schematic specifier' for details.
3716 replacements = {["oldname"] = "convert_to", ...},
3717 flags = "place_center_x, place_center_y, place_center_z, force_placement",
3718 -- ^ Flags for schematic decorations. See 'Schematic attributes'.
3719 rotation = "90" -- rotate schematic 90 degrees on placement
3720 -- ^ Rotation can be "0", "90", "180", "270", or "random".
3723 ### Chat command definition (`register_chatcommand`)
3726 params = "<name> <privilege>", -- Short parameter description
3727 description = "Remove privilege from player", -- Full description
3728 privs = {privs=true}, -- Require the "privs" privilege to run
3729 func = function(name, param), -- Called when command is run.
3730 -- Returns boolean success and text output.
3733 ### Detached inventory callbacks
3736 allow_move = func(inv, from_list, from_index, to_list, to_index, count, player),
3737 -- ^ Called when a player wants to move items inside the inventory
3738 -- ^ Return value: number of items allowed to move
3740 allow_put = func(inv, listname, index, stack, player),
3741 -- ^ Called when a player wants to put something into the inventory
3742 -- ^ Return value: number of items allowed to put
3743 -- ^ Return value: -1: Allow and don't modify item count in inventory
3745 allow_take = func(inv, listname, index, stack, player),
3746 -- ^ Called when a player wants to take something out of the inventory
3747 -- ^ Return value: number of items allowed to take
3748 -- ^ Return value: -1: Allow and don't modify item count in inventory
3750 on_move = func(inv, from_list, from_index, to_list, to_index, count, player),
3751 on_put = func(inv, listname, index, stack, player),
3752 on_take = func(inv, listname, index, stack, player),
3753 -- ^ Called after the actual action has happened, according to what was allowed.
3754 -- ^ No return value
3757 ### HUD Definition (`hud_add`, `hud_get`)
3760 hud_elem_type = "image", -- see HUD element types
3761 -- ^ type of HUD element, can be either of "image", "text", "statbar", or "inventory"
3762 position = {x=0.5, y=0.5},
3763 -- ^ Left corner position of element
3769 -- ^ Selected item in inventory. 0 for no item selected.
3771 -- ^ Direction: 0: left-right, 1: right-left, 2: top-bottom, 3: bottom-top
3772 alignment = {x=0, y=0},
3773 -- ^ See "HUD Element Types"
3774 offset = {x=0, y=0},
3775 -- ^ See "HUD Element Types"
3776 size = { x=100, y=100 },
3777 -- ^ Size of element in pixels
3780 ### Particle definition (`add_particle`)
3783 pos = {x=0, y=0, z=0},
3784 velocity = {x=0, y=0, z=0},
3785 acceleration = {x=0, y=0, z=0},
3786 -- ^ Spawn particle at pos with velocity and acceleration
3788 -- ^ Disappears after expirationtime seconds
3790 collisiondetection = false,
3791 -- ^ collisiondetection: if true collides with physical objects
3793 -- ^ vertical: if true faces player using y axis only
3794 texture = "image.png",
3795 -- ^ Uses texture (string)
3796 playername = "singleplayer"
3797 -- ^ optional, if specified spawns particle only on the player's client
3800 ### `ParticleSpawner` definition (`add_particlespawner`)
3805 -- ^ If time is 0 has infinite lifespan and spawns the amount on a per-second base
3806 minpos = {x=0, y=0, z=0},
3807 maxpos = {x=0, y=0, z=0},
3808 minvel = {x=0, y=0, z=0},
3809 maxvel = {x=0, y=0, z=0},
3810 minacc = {x=0, y=0, z=0},
3811 maxacc = {x=0, y=0, z=0},
3816 -- ^ The particle's properties are random values in between the bounds:
3817 -- ^ minpos/maxpos, minvel/maxvel (velocity), minacc/maxacc (acceleration),
3818 -- ^ minsize/maxsize, minexptime/maxexptime (expirationtime)
3819 collisiondetection = false,
3820 -- ^ collisiondetection: if true uses collision detection
3822 -- ^ vertical: if true faces player using y axis only
3823 texture = "image.png",
3824 -- ^ Uses texture (string)
3825 playername = "singleplayer"
3826 -- ^ Playername is optional, if specified spawns particle only on the player's client