2 * (C) Copyright 2008-2011
3 * Graeme Russ, <graeme.russ@gmail.com>
6 * Daniel Engström, Omicron Ceti AB, <daniel@omicron.se>
9 * Sysgo Real-Time Solutions, GmbH <www.elinos.com>
10 * Marius Groeger <mgroeger@sysgo.de>
13 * Sysgo Real-Time Solutions, GmbH <www.elinos.com>
14 * Alex Zuepke <azu@sysgo.de>
16 * Part of this file is adapted from coreboot
17 * src/arch/x86/lib/cpu.c
19 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
27 #include <asm/control_regs.h>
29 #include <asm/lapic.h>
34 #include <asm/processor.h>
35 #include <asm/processor-flags.h>
36 #include <asm/interrupt.h>
37 #include <asm/tables.h>
38 #include <linux/compiler.h>
40 DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR;
43 * Constructor for a conventional segment GDT (or LDT) entry
44 * This is a macro so it can be used in initialisers
46 #define GDT_ENTRY(flags, base, limit) \
47 ((((base) & 0xff000000ULL) << (56-24)) | \
48 (((flags) & 0x0000f0ffULL) << 40) | \
49 (((limit) & 0x000f0000ULL) << (48-16)) | \
50 (((base) & 0x00ffffffULL) << 16) | \
51 (((limit) & 0x0000ffffULL)))
58 struct cpu_device_id {
64 uint8_t x86; /* CPU family */
65 uint8_t x86_vendor; /* CPU vendor */
71 * List of cpu vendor strings along with their normalized
78 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, "GenuineIntel", },
79 { X86_VENDOR_CYRIX, "CyrixInstead", },
80 { X86_VENDOR_AMD, "AuthenticAMD", },
81 { X86_VENDOR_UMC, "UMC UMC UMC ", },
82 { X86_VENDOR_NEXGEN, "NexGenDriven", },
83 { X86_VENDOR_CENTAUR, "CentaurHauls", },
84 { X86_VENDOR_RISE, "RiseRiseRise", },
85 { X86_VENDOR_TRANSMETA, "GenuineTMx86", },
86 { X86_VENDOR_TRANSMETA, "TransmetaCPU", },
87 { X86_VENDOR_NSC, "Geode by NSC", },
88 { X86_VENDOR_SIS, "SiS SiS SiS ", },
91 static const char *const x86_vendor_name[] = {
92 [X86_VENDOR_INTEL] = "Intel",
93 [X86_VENDOR_CYRIX] = "Cyrix",
94 [X86_VENDOR_AMD] = "AMD",
95 [X86_VENDOR_UMC] = "UMC",
96 [X86_VENDOR_NEXGEN] = "NexGen",
97 [X86_VENDOR_CENTAUR] = "Centaur",
98 [X86_VENDOR_RISE] = "Rise",
99 [X86_VENDOR_TRANSMETA] = "Transmeta",
100 [X86_VENDOR_NSC] = "NSC",
101 [X86_VENDOR_SIS] = "SiS",
104 static void load_ds(u32 segment)
106 asm volatile("movl %0, %%ds" : : "r" (segment * X86_GDT_ENTRY_SIZE));
109 static void load_es(u32 segment)
111 asm volatile("movl %0, %%es" : : "r" (segment * X86_GDT_ENTRY_SIZE));
114 static void load_fs(u32 segment)
116 asm volatile("movl %0, %%fs" : : "r" (segment * X86_GDT_ENTRY_SIZE));
119 static void load_gs(u32 segment)
121 asm volatile("movl %0, %%gs" : : "r" (segment * X86_GDT_ENTRY_SIZE));
124 static void load_ss(u32 segment)
126 asm volatile("movl %0, %%ss" : : "r" (segment * X86_GDT_ENTRY_SIZE));
129 static void load_gdt(const u64 *boot_gdt, u16 num_entries)
133 gdt.len = (num_entries * X86_GDT_ENTRY_SIZE) - 1;
134 gdt.ptr = (u32)boot_gdt;
136 asm volatile("lgdtl %0\n" : : "m" (gdt));
139 void arch_setup_gd(gd_t *new_gd)
143 gdt_addr = new_gd->arch.gdt;
146 * CS: code, read/execute, 4 GB, base 0
148 * Some OS (like VxWorks) requires GDT entry 1 to be the 32-bit CS
150 gdt_addr[X86_GDT_ENTRY_UNUSED] = GDT_ENTRY(0xc09b, 0, 0xfffff);
151 gdt_addr[X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_CS] = GDT_ENTRY(0xc09b, 0, 0xfffff);
153 /* DS: data, read/write, 4 GB, base 0 */
154 gdt_addr[X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS] = GDT_ENTRY(0xc093, 0, 0xfffff);
156 /* FS: data, read/write, 4 GB, base (Global Data Pointer) */
157 new_gd->arch.gd_addr = new_gd;
158 gdt_addr[X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_FS] = GDT_ENTRY(0xc093,
159 (ulong)&new_gd->arch.gd_addr, 0xfffff);
161 /* 16-bit CS: code, read/execute, 64 kB, base 0 */
162 gdt_addr[X86_GDT_ENTRY_16BIT_CS] = GDT_ENTRY(0x009b, 0, 0x0ffff);
164 /* 16-bit DS: data, read/write, 64 kB, base 0 */
165 gdt_addr[X86_GDT_ENTRY_16BIT_DS] = GDT_ENTRY(0x0093, 0, 0x0ffff);
167 gdt_addr[X86_GDT_ENTRY_16BIT_FLAT_CS] = GDT_ENTRY(0x809b, 0, 0xfffff);
168 gdt_addr[X86_GDT_ENTRY_16BIT_FLAT_DS] = GDT_ENTRY(0x8093, 0, 0xfffff);
170 load_gdt(gdt_addr, X86_GDT_NUM_ENTRIES);
171 load_ds(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS);
172 load_es(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS);
173 load_gs(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS);
174 load_ss(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS);
175 load_fs(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_FS);
178 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_FSP
180 * Setup FSP execution environment GDT
182 * Per Intel FSP external architecture specification, before calling any FSP
183 * APIs, we need make sure the system is in flat 32-bit mode and both the code
184 * and data selectors should have full 4GB access range. Here we reuse the one
185 * we used in arch/x86/cpu/start16.S, and reload the segement registers.
187 void setup_fsp_gdt(void)
189 load_gdt((const u64 *)(gdt_rom + CONFIG_RESET_SEG_START), 4);
190 load_ds(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS);
191 load_ss(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS);
192 load_es(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS);
193 load_fs(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS);
194 load_gs(X86_GDT_ENTRY_32BIT_DS);
198 int __weak x86_cleanup_before_linux(void)
200 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOTSTAGE_STASH
201 bootstage_stash((void *)CONFIG_BOOTSTAGE_STASH_ADDR,
202 CONFIG_BOOTSTAGE_STASH_SIZE);
209 * Cyrix CPUs without cpuid or with cpuid not yet enabled can be detected
210 * by the fact that they preserve the flags across the division of 5/2.
211 * PII and PPro exhibit this behavior too, but they have cpuid available.
215 * Perform the Cyrix 5/2 test. A Cyrix won't change
216 * the flags, while other 486 chips will.
218 static inline int test_cyrix_52div(void)
222 __asm__ __volatile__(
223 "sahf\n\t" /* clear flags (%eax = 0x0005) */
224 "div %b2\n\t" /* divide 5 by 2 */
225 "lahf" /* store flags into %ah */
230 /* AH is 0x02 on Cyrix after the divide.. */
231 return (unsigned char) (test >> 8) == 0x02;
235 * Detect a NexGen CPU running without BIOS hypercode new enough
236 * to have CPUID. (Thanks to Herbert Oppmann)
239 static int deep_magic_nexgen_probe(void)
243 __asm__ __volatile__ (
244 " movw $0x5555, %%ax\n"
252 : "=a" (ret) : : "cx", "dx");
256 static bool has_cpuid(void)
258 return flag_is_changeable_p(X86_EFLAGS_ID);
261 static bool has_mtrr(void)
263 return cpuid_edx(0x00000001) & (1 << 12) ? true : false;
266 static int build_vendor_name(char *vendor_name)
268 struct cpuid_result result;
269 result = cpuid(0x00000000);
270 unsigned int *name_as_ints = (unsigned int *)vendor_name;
272 name_as_ints[0] = result.ebx;
273 name_as_ints[1] = result.edx;
274 name_as_ints[2] = result.ecx;
279 static void identify_cpu(struct cpu_device_id *cpu)
281 char vendor_name[16];
284 vendor_name[0] = '\0'; /* Unset */
285 cpu->device = 0; /* fix gcc 4.4.4 warning */
287 /* Find the id and vendor_name */
289 /* Its a 486 if we can modify the AC flag */
290 if (flag_is_changeable_p(X86_EFLAGS_AC))
291 cpu->device = 0x00000400; /* 486 */
293 cpu->device = 0x00000300; /* 386 */
294 if ((cpu->device == 0x00000400) && test_cyrix_52div()) {
295 memcpy(vendor_name, "CyrixInstead", 13);
296 /* If we ever care we can enable cpuid here */
298 /* Detect NexGen with old hypercode */
299 else if (deep_magic_nexgen_probe())
300 memcpy(vendor_name, "NexGenDriven", 13);
305 cpuid_level = build_vendor_name(vendor_name);
306 vendor_name[12] = '\0';
308 /* Intel-defined flags: level 0x00000001 */
309 if (cpuid_level >= 0x00000001) {
310 cpu->device = cpuid_eax(0x00000001);
312 /* Have CPUID level 0 only unheard of */
313 cpu->device = 0x00000400;
316 cpu->vendor = X86_VENDOR_UNKNOWN;
317 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(x86_vendors); i++) {
318 if (memcmp(vendor_name, x86_vendors[i].name, 12) == 0) {
319 cpu->vendor = x86_vendors[i].vendor;
325 static inline void get_fms(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c, uint32_t tfms)
327 c->x86 = (tfms >> 8) & 0xf;
328 c->x86_model = (tfms >> 4) & 0xf;
329 c->x86_mask = tfms & 0xf;
331 c->x86 += (tfms >> 20) & 0xff;
333 c->x86_model += ((tfms >> 16) & 0xF) << 4;
336 u32 cpu_get_family_model(void)
338 return gd->arch.x86_device & 0x0fff0ff0;
341 u32 cpu_get_stepping(void)
343 return gd->arch.x86_mask;
346 int x86_cpu_init_f(void)
348 const u32 em_rst = ~X86_CR0_EM;
349 const u32 mp_ne_set = X86_CR0_MP | X86_CR0_NE;
351 if (ll_boot_init()) {
352 /* initialize FPU, reset EM, set MP and NE */
354 "movl %%cr0, %%eax\n" \
357 "movl %%eax, %%cr0\n" \
358 : : "i" (em_rst), "i" (mp_ne_set) : "eax");
361 /* identify CPU via cpuid and store the decoded info into gd->arch */
363 struct cpu_device_id cpu;
364 struct cpuinfo_x86 c;
367 get_fms(&c, cpu.device);
368 gd->arch.x86 = c.x86;
369 gd->arch.x86_vendor = cpu.vendor;
370 gd->arch.x86_model = c.x86_model;
371 gd->arch.x86_mask = c.x86_mask;
372 gd->arch.x86_device = cpu.device;
374 gd->arch.has_mtrr = has_mtrr();
376 /* Don't allow PCI region 3 to use memory in the 2-4GB memory hole */
377 gd->pci_ram_top = 0x80000000U;
379 /* Configure fixed range MTRRs for some legacy regions */
380 if (gd->arch.has_mtrr) {
383 mtrr_cap = native_read_msr(MTRR_CAP_MSR);
384 if (mtrr_cap & MTRR_CAP_FIX) {
385 /* Mark the VGA RAM area as uncacheable */
386 native_write_msr(MTRR_FIX_16K_A0000_MSR,
387 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHEABLE),
388 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHEABLE));
391 * Mark the PCI ROM area as cacheable to improve ROM
392 * execution performance.
394 native_write_msr(MTRR_FIX_4K_C0000_MSR,
395 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK),
396 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK));
397 native_write_msr(MTRR_FIX_4K_C8000_MSR,
398 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK),
399 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK));
400 native_write_msr(MTRR_FIX_4K_D0000_MSR,
401 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK),
402 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK));
403 native_write_msr(MTRR_FIX_4K_D8000_MSR,
404 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK),
405 MTRR_FIX_TYPE(MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK));
407 /* Enable the fixed range MTRRs */
408 msr_setbits_64(MTRR_DEF_TYPE_MSR, MTRR_DEF_TYPE_FIX_EN);
412 #ifdef CONFIG_I8254_TIMER
413 /* Set up the i8254 timer if required */
420 void x86_enable_caches(void)
425 cr0 &= ~(X86_CR0_NW | X86_CR0_CD);
429 void enable_caches(void) __attribute__((weak, alias("x86_enable_caches")));
431 void x86_disable_caches(void)
436 cr0 |= X86_CR0_NW | X86_CR0_CD;
441 void disable_caches(void) __attribute__((weak, alias("x86_disable_caches")));
443 int x86_init_cache(void)
449 int init_cache(void) __attribute__((weak, alias("x86_init_cache")));
451 int do_reset(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
453 printf("resetting ...\n");
457 disable_interrupts();
464 void flush_cache(unsigned long dummy1, unsigned long dummy2)
469 __weak void reset_cpu(ulong addr)
471 /* Do a hard reset through the chipset's reset control register */
472 outb(SYS_RST | RST_CPU, IO_PORT_RESET);
477 void x86_full_reset(void)
479 outb(FULL_RST | SYS_RST | RST_CPU, IO_PORT_RESET);
482 int dcache_status(void)
484 return !(read_cr0() & X86_CR0_CD);
487 /* Define these functions to allow ehch-hcd to function */
488 void flush_dcache_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long stop)
492 void invalidate_dcache_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long stop)
496 void dcache_enable(void)
501 void dcache_disable(void)
506 void icache_enable(void)
510 void icache_disable(void)
514 int icache_status(void)
519 void cpu_enable_paging_pae(ulong cr3)
521 __asm__ __volatile__(
522 /* Load the page table address */
525 "movl %%cr4, %%eax\n"
526 "orl $0x00000020, %%eax\n"
527 "movl %%eax, %%cr4\n"
529 "movl %%cr0, %%eax\n"
530 "orl $0x80000000, %%eax\n"
531 "movl %%eax, %%cr0\n"
537 void cpu_disable_paging_pae(void)
539 /* Turn off paging */
540 __asm__ __volatile__ (
542 "movl %%cr0, %%eax\n"
543 "andl $0x7fffffff, %%eax\n"
544 "movl %%eax, %%cr0\n"
546 "movl %%cr4, %%eax\n"
547 "andl $0xffffffdf, %%eax\n"
548 "movl %%eax, %%cr4\n"
554 static bool can_detect_long_mode(void)
556 return cpuid_eax(0x80000000) > 0x80000000UL;
559 static bool has_long_mode(void)
561 return cpuid_edx(0x80000001) & (1 << 29) ? true : false;
564 int cpu_has_64bit(void)
566 return has_cpuid() && can_detect_long_mode() &&
570 const char *cpu_vendor_name(int vendor)
573 name = "<invalid cpu vendor>";
574 if ((vendor < (ARRAY_SIZE(x86_vendor_name))) &&
575 (x86_vendor_name[vendor] != 0))
576 name = x86_vendor_name[vendor];
581 char *cpu_get_name(char *name)
583 unsigned int *name_as_ints = (unsigned int *)name;
584 struct cpuid_result regs;
588 /* This bit adds up to 48 bytes */
589 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
590 regs = cpuid(0x80000002 + i);
591 name_as_ints[i * 4 + 0] = regs.eax;
592 name_as_ints[i * 4 + 1] = regs.ebx;
593 name_as_ints[i * 4 + 2] = regs.ecx;
594 name_as_ints[i * 4 + 3] = regs.edx;
596 name[CPU_MAX_NAME_LEN - 1] = '\0';
598 /* Skip leading spaces. */
606 int default_print_cpuinfo(void)
608 printf("CPU: %s, vendor %s, device %xh\n",
609 cpu_has_64bit() ? "x86_64" : "x86",
610 cpu_vendor_name(gd->arch.x86_vendor), gd->arch.x86_device);
615 #define PAGETABLE_SIZE (6 * 4096)
618 * build_pagetable() - build a flat 4GiB page table structure for 64-bti mode
620 * @pgtable: Pointer to a 24iKB block of memory
622 static void build_pagetable(uint32_t *pgtable)
626 memset(pgtable, '\0', PAGETABLE_SIZE);
628 /* Level 4 needs a single entry */
629 pgtable[0] = (uint32_t)&pgtable[1024] + 7;
631 /* Level 3 has one 64-bit entry for each GiB of memory */
632 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
633 pgtable[1024 + i * 2] = (uint32_t)&pgtable[2048] +
637 /* Level 2 has 2048 64-bit entries, each repesenting 2MiB */
638 for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++)
639 pgtable[2048 + i * 2] = 0x183 + (i << 21UL);
642 int cpu_jump_to_64bit(ulong setup_base, ulong target)
646 pgtable = memalign(4096, PAGETABLE_SIZE);
650 build_pagetable(pgtable);
651 cpu_call64((ulong)pgtable, setup_base, target);
657 void show_boot_progress(int val)
659 outb(val, POST_PORT);
662 #ifndef CONFIG_SYS_COREBOOT
663 int last_stage_init(void)
672 static int enable_smis(struct udevice *cpu, void *unused)
677 static struct mp_flight_record mp_steps[] = {
678 MP_FR_BLOCK_APS(mp_init_cpu, NULL, mp_init_cpu, NULL),
679 /* Wait for APs to finish initialization before proceeding */
680 MP_FR_BLOCK_APS(NULL, NULL, enable_smis, NULL),
683 static int x86_mp_init(void)
685 struct mp_params mp_params;
687 mp_params.parallel_microcode_load = 0,
688 mp_params.flight_plan = &mp_steps[0];
689 mp_params.num_records = ARRAY_SIZE(mp_steps);
690 mp_params.microcode_pointer = 0;
692 if (mp_init(&mp_params)) {
693 printf("Warning: MP init failure\n");
701 static int x86_init_cpus(void)
704 debug("Init additional CPUs\n");
710 * This causes the cpu-x86 driver to be probed.
711 * We don't check return value here as we want to allow boards
712 * which have not been converted to use cpu uclass driver to boot.
714 uclass_first_device(UCLASS_CPU, &dev);
728 ret = x86_init_cpus();
733 * Set up the northbridge, PCH and LPC if available. Note that these
734 * may have had some limited pre-relocation init if they were probed
735 * before relocation, but this is post relocation.
737 uclass_first_device(UCLASS_NORTHBRIDGE, &dev);
738 uclass_first_device(UCLASS_PCH, &dev);
739 uclass_first_device(UCLASS_LPC, &dev);