2 OpenSSL 0.9.3 24 May 1999
4 Copyright (c) 1998-1999 The OpenSSL Project
5 Copyright (c) 1995-1998 Eric A. Young, Tim J. Hudson
11 The OpenSSL Project is a collaborative effort to develop a robust,
12 commercial-grade, fully featured, and Open Source toolkit implementing the
13 Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1)
14 protocols with full-strength cryptography world-wide. The project is managed
15 by a worldwide community of volunteers that use the Internet to communicate,
16 plan, and develop the OpenSSL toolkit and its related documentation.
18 OpenSSL is based on the excellent SSLeay library developed from Eric A. Young
19 and Tim J. Hudson. The OpenSSL toolkit is licensed under a dual-license (the
20 OpenSSL license plus the SSLeay license) situation, which basically means
21 that you are free to get and use it for commercial and non-commercial
22 purposes as long as you fulfill the conditions of both licenses.
27 The OpenSSL toolkit includes:
30 Implementation of SSLv2, SSLv3, TLSv1 and the required code to support
31 both SSLv2, SSLv3 and TLSv1 in the one server and client.
34 General encryption and X.509 v1/v3 stuff needed by SSL/TLS but not
35 actually logically part of it. It includes routines for the following:
38 libdes - EAY's libdes DES encryption package which has been floating
39 around the net for a few years. It includes 15
40 'modes/variations' of DES (1, 2 and 3 key versions of ecb,
41 cbc, cfb and ofb; pcbc and a more general form of cfb and
42 ofb) including desx in cbc mode, a fast crypt(3), and
43 routines to read passwords from the keyboard.
45 RC2 encryption - 4 different modes, ecb, cbc, cfb and ofb.
46 Blowfish encryption - 4 different modes, ecb, cbc, cfb and ofb.
47 IDEA encryption - 4 different modes, ecb, cbc, cfb and ofb.
50 MD5 and MD2 message digest algorithms, fast implementations,
51 SHA (SHA-0) and SHA-1 message digest algorithms,
52 MDC2 message digest. A DES based hash that is popular on smart cards.
55 RSA encryption/decryption/generation.
56 There is no limit on the number of bits.
57 DSA encryption/decryption/generation.
58 There is no limit on the number of bits.
59 Diffie-Hellman key-exchange/key generation.
60 There is no limit on the number of bits.
63 X509 encoding/decoding into/from binary ASN1 and a PEM
64 based ascii-binary encoding which supports encryption with a
65 private key. Program to generate RSA and DSA certificate
66 requests and to generate RSA and DSA certificates.
69 The normal digital envelope routines and base64 encoding. Higher
70 level access to ciphers and digests by name. New ciphers can be
71 loaded at run time. The BIO io system which is a simple non-blocking
72 IO abstraction. Current methods supported are file descriptors,
73 sockets, socket accept, socket connect, memory buffer, buffering, SSL
74 client/server, file pointer, encryption, digest, non-blocking testing
78 A dynamically growing hashing system
80 A Configuration loader that uses a format similar to MS .ini files.
83 A command line tool which provides the following functions:
85 enc - a general encryption program that can encrypt/decrypt using
86 one of 17 different cipher/mode combinations. The
87 input/output can also be converted to/from base64
89 dgst - a generate message digesting program that will generate
90 message digests for any of md2, md5, sha (sha-0 or sha-1)
92 asn1parse - parse and display the structure of an asn1 encoded
94 rsa - Manipulate RSA private keys.
95 dsa - Manipulate DSA private keys.
96 dh - Manipulate Diffie-Hellman parameter files.
97 dsaparam- Manipulate and generate DSA parameter files.
98 crl - Manipulate certificate revocation lists.
99 crt2pkcs7- Generate a pkcs7 object containing a crl and a certificate.
100 x509 - Manipulate x509 certificates, self-sign certificates.
101 req - Manipulate PKCS#10 certificate requests and also
102 generate certificate requests.
103 genrsa - Generates an arbitrary sized RSA private key.
104 gendsa - Generates DSA parameters.
105 gendh - Generates a set of Diffie-Hellman parameters, the prime
106 will be a strong prime.
107 ca - Create certificates from PKCS#10 certificate requests.
108 This program also maintains a database of certificates
110 verify - Check x509 certificate signatures.
111 speed - Benchmark OpenSSL's ciphers.
112 s_server- A test SSL server.
113 s_client- A test SSL client.
114 s_time - Benchmark SSL performance of SSL server programs.
115 errstr - Convert from OpenSSL hex error codes to a readable form.
116 nseq - Netscape certificate sequence utility
121 Various companies hold various patents for various algorithms in various
122 locations around the world. _YOU_ are responsible for ensuring that your use
123 of any algorithms is legal by checking if there are any patents in your
124 country. The file contains some of the patents that we know about or are
125 rumoured to exist. This is not a definitive list.
127 RSA Data Security holds software patents on the RSA and RC5 algorithms. If
128 their ciphers are used used inside the USA (and Japan?), you must contact RSA
129 Data Security for licensing conditions. Their web page is
132 RC4 is a trademark of RSA Data Security, so use of this label should perhaps
133 only be used with RSA Data Security's permission.
135 The IDEA algorithm is patented by Ascom in Austria, France, Germany, Italy,
136 Japan, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK and the USA. They should
137 be contacted if that algorithm is to be used, their web page is
138 http://www.ascom.ch/.
143 To install this package under a Unix derivative, read the INSTALL file. For
144 a Win32 platform, read the INSTALL.W32 file. For OpenVMS systems, read
147 For people in the USA, it is possible to compile OpenSSL to use RSA Inc.'s
148 public key library, RSAREF, by configuring OpenSSL with the option "rsaref".
150 Read the documentation in the doc/ directory. It is quite rough, but it
151 lists the functions, you will probably have to look at the code to work out
152 how to used them. Look at the example programs.
157 If you have any problems with OpenSSL then please take the following steps
160 - Remove ASM versions of libraries
161 - Remove compiler optimisation flags
162 - Add compiler debug flags (if using gcc then remove -fomit-frame-pointer
163 before you try to debug things)
165 If you wish to report a bug then please include the following information in
169 - Version, most of these details can be got from the
170 'openssl version -a' command.
171 Operating System Details
172 - On Unix systems: Output of './config -t'
182 - include steps that will reproduce the problem (if known)
183 Stack Traceback (if the application dumps core)
185 Report the bug to the OpenSSL project at:
187 openssl-bugs@openssl.org
189 HOW TO CONTRIBUTE TO OpenSSL
190 ----------------------------
192 Development is coordinated on the openssl-dev mailing list (see
193 http://www.openssl.org for information on subscribing). If you
194 would like to submit a patch, send it to openssl-dev@openssl.org.
195 Please be sure to include a textual explanation of what your patch
198 The preferred format for changes is "diff -u" output. You might
199 generate it like this:
203 # ./Configure dist; make clean
205 # diff -urN openssl-orig openssl-work > mydiffs.patch