2 * Busybox now includes a shell! It currently costs 7.5 k (plus an
3 additional 2.5 k if you compile in command line editing). Handles
4 job control, has the usual set of builtins, and does everything
5 except for handling programming statements (if, while, etc...)
6 * Busybox can now work perfectly when /proc is disabled, thereby
7 saving a bunch of memory (kernel /proc support is not thin). This
8 is done by making use of some nice kernel patches I wrote up to
9 support the features that busybox requires and that /proc usually
10 provides. To enable this, turn on BB_FEATURE_USE_DEVPS_PATCH and
11 patch your kernel with the devps patch in the kernel-patches/
13 * Wrote basename, killall, and uptime.
14 * Added freeramdisk, which will free up all memory associated
15 with a ram disk. Contributed by Emanuele Caratti <wiz@iol.it>
16 and then adjusted a bit by me.
17 * Added tr and dirname from John Lombardo <john@deltanet.com>
18 * Added echo and test (from me).
19 * tar wouldn't create directory entries that don't end in '/',
20 now it does (thanks to Avery Pennarun <apenwarr@worldvisions.ca>)
21 * Several fixes from Pavel Roskin <pavel_roskin@geocities.com>:
22 - When `tail' fails to open a file it now exits.
23 - When `syslogd' is given the `-n' option it should still use
24 fork() for running klogd.
25 * nslookup types are now changed to u_int32_t (instead of uint32_t)
26 changed per a patch from Pascal Bellard <pascal.bellard@ascend.com>
27 * Fixed "du" so it gives the same answers as GNU "du" (busybox du used
28 to count hard-linked files more then once). Many thanks to
29 Friedrich Vedder <fwv@myrtle.lahn.de> for the fix.
30 * Removed /proc dependancies for init and free (while maintaining
31 exactly the same functionality). /proc takes up 90k of kernel
32 space, so it is nice to avoid using it at all costs.
33 * init no longer tries to mount /proc (unless there is less the 1 meg
34 free). Use of /proc (or not) is policy that should be set up in
35 /etc/fstab (or in hardcoded scripts), not in init.
36 * Fixed rebooting when init runs as an initrd.
37 * Fixes and updates from Karl M. Hegbloom <karlheg@debian.org>
38 - update.c rewritten to look more like update-2.11
39 - moveed the inode hash out of du.c and into utility.c to make
40 it a common resource that can be used by other apps.
41 - cp_mv.c now checks inodes to see if a source and dest are
42 the same, and prints an error (instead of endlessly looping).
43 - mv now attempts to do a rename, and will fall back to doing
44 a copy only if the rename fails.
45 - Syslogd now supports multiple concurrent connections
46 * Several fixes from Pavel Roskin <pavel_roskin@geocities.com>:
47 - Fixes to sort. Removed "-g", fixed and added "-r"
48 - Fixes to the makefile for handling "strip"
49 * An initial telnet implementation was added by
50 Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>.
51 * Fixed a bug where "sed 's/foo/bar/g'" (i.e. a script w/o a "-e")
52 * ps now supports BB_FEATURE_AUTOWIDTH, and can adjust its width
53 to match the terminal (defaults to width=79 when this is off).
54 * Fixed mount'ing loop devices when the filesystem type was not
55 specified. It used to revert to non-loop after the first try.
56 * all mallocs now use xmalloc (and so are OOM error safe), and
57 the common error handling saves a few bytes. Thanks to
58 Bob Tinsley <bob@earthrise.demon.co.uk> for the patch.
59 * Fix "+" parsing bug in date, from "Merle F. McClelland" <mfm@cts.com>.
68 * Fairly massive restructuring of umount.c to deal with remounting
69 busy devices read-only. Adds a -r option to control that; it is
70 optionally compiled in with BB_FEATURE_REMOUNT
71 * Added a bunch of functions to mtab.c to interact with the
72 {get,set,end}mntent interface; as it turns out, those functions do
73 not appear to be re-entrant, and that causes a lot of problems with
74 the way umount was originally written.
75 * Makes init send TERM and KILL (instead of HUP and KILL) on reboot
76 to be more consistent with sysvinit
77 * Changes to init.c to use the new -r option to umount. Also increased
78 the sleep time between the time the TERM and KILL signals are sent
83 * cp.c, mv.c: removed, replaced by cp_mv.c which has been
84 extensively rewritten from the original cp.c.
85 * Fixed cp and mv so if the source and destination are a the
86 same directory it will print an error and continue.
87 * Also added a warning message to the `mv' usage string saying that
88 this is not GNU mv, and it will break hard links. cp also breaks
90 * ln.c: implemented `-n' switch, no-deref symlinks.
91 * include<sys/param.h>: and use PATH_MAX everywhere. busybox: File
92 * name buffer overrun guards to prevent future crashes.
93 - Always check exit status.
94 - Purge all use of `creat()', replace with `open()'.
96 - recursiveAction was overriding the value of followLinks thus
98 - isDirectory now takes a followLinks boolean, updated all callers
99 - copyFile had the followLinks logic reversed.
100 * messages.c: New file. Put common error message strings all in
101 one place in an attempt to shrink the binary a little.
106 * changed fsck_minix.c to reduce its .bss size significantly
108 * Made tar creation support in busybox tar optional. You no longer
109 * _have_ to put a "-" in front of tar options. Tar could inadvertently
110 * change permissions and ownership on
111 certain directories pointed to by symlinks.
112 * Made grep and grep -h do the right thing wrt printing
113 the file name (it failed to print files names in many cases).
114 * Fix a namespace aliasing problem wereby if du was built in, the
115 symlink for both du and dutmp would be installed, or then rm was
116 built in, the symlinks for both rm and rmmod would be installed.
117 * Added a closelog() to init.c after loging -- fix thanks to
118 Taketoshi Sano <kgh12351@nifty.ne.jp>
119 * Rewrote and simplified logger. Added the "-t" option, and made it
120 behave itself a bit better.
121 * Optional support contributed by Ben Collins <bcollins@debian.org>
122 for the kernel init chroot patch by Werner Almesberger, which
123 allows init to chroot to a new device, and umount the old one.
124 * Fixed bug that wouldn't let one chown a symlink -- it would
125 always dereference before. -beppu
126 * Fixed a bug where init could have reference already freed memory.
127 Found and fixed by Taketoshi Sano <kgh12351@nifty.ne.jp>
128 * Several contributions from Friedrich Vedder <fwv@myrtle.lahn.de>
129 * Added (and documented) "-n" option for head
130 * Cleanup for a number of usage messages -- also
131 contributed Friedrich Vedder <fwv@myrtle.lahn.de>
132 * Cosmetic fix to busybox.c (Don't print a comma at the
133 end of line if there are no more application names).
134 * Fixed a stupid bug in "head" option handling ("head -n"
136 * Moved commonly used functions "xmalloc()" and "exit()"
137 to utility.c (with proper #ifdef's).
138 * Created a tiny tail implementation, removing -c, -q, -v, and making
139 tail -f work only with a single file. This reduced tail from 6k to
140 2.4k. The bigger/more featured tail can still be had by disabling
141 BB_FEATURE_SIMPLE_TAIL in busybox.defs.h
142 * Ping now falls back to doing the right thing if /etc/protocols
144 * Fixed mount and umount. Previously they could leak loop device
145 allocations, causing the system to quickly run out. Fix for umount
146 by Ben Collins <bcollins@debian.org>, and mount was fixed by me.
147 * ls formatting on eight charactor user names fixed by
148 Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>.
149 * cp could, when copying symlinks, change permissions of the
150 files pointed to by the symlinks.
151 * Several fixes from Pavel Roskin <pavel_roskin@geocities.com>:
152 - `chown' with 1 argument displayed the error incorrectly
153 - `fdflush', `length' and `printf' crashed if run without arguments
154 - `fdflush' tried to flush itself using *argv
155 - added "skip" and "seek" to dd.
156 - ls no longer messus up output when combining files and
157 directories on the command line
158 * swapoff -a was not working. Now it is.
159 * init did not cleanly unmount filesystems on reboot. Now it does.
160 * "sed -ne s/foo/bar/" worked but "sed -n -e s/foo/bar/" didn't.
162 * Some architectures (PowerPc) assume chars are unsigned, so they could
163 not distinguish between EOF and '\0xFF' in sed. Sed now uses ints.
164 * Began converting error handling to use some common routines
166 * syslogd now has better message handling and ignores SIGHUP.
167 * install.sh had a bug preventing installation to the specified
168 target directory. Fix from Gilbert Coville <gilbert@mvista.com>
169 * You can now spefify alternative strip commands -- change
170 also from Gilbert Coville.
176 * New Apps: wc, hostid, logname, tty, whoami, yes -- all contributed
177 by Edward Betts <edward@debian.org>
178 * Fixed a bug in both cp and mv preventing 'cp foo/README bar'
179 type commands (file in a directory to another directory) from
181 * Fixed a logger bug that caused garbage to be written to the syslog
182 (unless you used busybox syslog, which hid the bug). Thanks to
183 Alex Holden <alex@linuxhacker.org> for the fix.
184 * /bin/true and /bin/false were echoing a blank line when run.
186 * mkdir -p would print an error when asked to mkdir an existing dir
187 with no interveining subdirectories.
188 * Fixed "syslogd -O" so that it works. Added -o loop option for mount,
189 * and support in umount for loop
190 devices. Support is toggled by MOUNT_LOOP feature -- Ben Collins
191 <bcollins@debian.org>
192 * Several fixes from Marco Pantaleoni <panta@prosa.it> compile in
193 * fullWrite() not only if BB_TAR is defined, but also
194 if BB_CP or BB_MV are (fullWrite() is referenced by copyFile())
195 * add some compiler optimizations to further reduce executable size
196 (as a side note, on my machines the largest code is generated
197 by gcc 2.95.2 with -Os ! The smallest by plain gcc 2.7.2.3 with
199 * Compile now won't fail if busybox.def.h defines
200 BB_FEATURE_LINUXRC but not BB_INIT. (init_main used to be
201 referenced, but not compiled)
202 * Fixed a bug in setting TERM for serial console support. TERM now
203 defaults to "ansi" for serial consoles.
204 * Fixed a bug in handling the CONSOLE env. variable for serial
207 -Erik Andersen, Jan 15, 2000
210 * New Apps: sort, uniq. -beppu New Apps: lsmod, rmmod -erik New Apps:
211 * fbset contributed by Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>. New App::
212 * loadacm contributed by Peter Novodvorsky <petya@logic.ru>
213 for loading application character maps for Unicode fonts.
214 * Major init re-work. init now supports inittab (slightly different
215 but similar to sysvinit), allowing me to get all the policy out of
216 init and into the conf file. It works just fine without inittab
217 being present, but if you dont like the defautl behavior you can
218 now do something about it. Init is much cleaner as a result.
219 * Fixed an bug in syslogd causing it to stop after 20 minutes. -erik
220 * Fixed an embarrasing segfault in head -beppu Fixed the embarrasing
221 * failure of 'logger -p'. -erik Added the -s option to du -beppu
222 * Re-worked the source tree a bit so it will compile under glibc 2.0.7
223 with the 2.0.x Linux kernel.
224 * Added 'grep -q' thanks to a patch from "Konstantin Boldyshev"
226 * Grep -i previously failed on UPPER CASE patterns due to a silly
227 regexp implementation bug that is now fixed.
228 * Fixed a bug where tar would set, and then clear SGID and SUID bits.
229 * Fixed a bug where tar would not set the user and group on device
231 * Fixed a bug where tar would not restore the time to files. Fixed a
232 * major security problem with tar -- it changed ownership
233 of any file pointed to by a symlink to 777 (like say libc....)
235 * cp and mv were very broken when moving directories. I have rewritten
236 them so they should now work as expected.
237 * sed now supports addresses (numeric or regexp, with negation) and
238 has an append command, thanks to Marco Pantaleoni <panta@prosa.it>
239 * Fixed dmesg. It wasn't parsing its options (-n or -s) properly.
240 * Some cosmetic fixes to ls output formatting to make it behave more
242 * Fixed a stupid segfault in kill. Several fixes from Friedrich Vedder
243 * <fwv@myrtle.lahn.de>:
244 - Added gunzip -t, removed gunzip.c dead code,
245 - fixed several typos
246 - Glibc 2.0.7 and libc5 compile fixes
247 * Fixed a bug where 'mknod --help' would segfault.
250 -Erik Andersen, Jan 07, 2000
253 * New Apps: ping, hostname, and mkfifo contributed by Randolph Chung
254 <tausq@debian.org>. 3 items off the TODO list!
255 * I wrote free (just calls "cat /proc/meminfo"). Added tail, based on
256 * tail from GNU textutils-1.19, but adjusted
257 to suit my evil purposes. Costs 6k. I'll make it smaller
259 * on reboot, init called 'umount -a -n', which caused errors
260 when BB_MTAB was not enabled. Changed to 'umount -a', which does
262 * init will now try to run /sbin/getty if it is present (for easy
263 integration with the about-to-be-released tinylogin.)
264 * kill now behaves itself properly, added 'kill -l' to list signals 'ls
265 * -l' was failing on long directories, since my_getid was leaking
266 one file descriptor per file. Oops.
267 * Fixed rebooting from init. I'd accidently left some debugging code
269 which blocked reboots.
270 * Fixed reboot, halt (and added poweroff) such that they handle it when
271 init is not at PID 1 (like when running in an initrd).
272 * Added a prelinary du implementation. Some parameter parsing
273 stuff still needs to be added. -beppu (John Beppu
275 * Implemented tee. -beppu Implemented head. -beppu
277 -Erik Andersen, Dec 10, 1999
280 * Fixed a segfault in 'umount -a' when a badly formed /etc/fstab
282 * df will not exit on error, but will stat all mounted filesystems.
283 * Fixed tar so uid/gid/permissions on extracted tarballs will be
285 * Fixed find -name so it properly uses shell wildcard patterns
286 (i.e. `*', `?', and `[]') instead of regular expressions, which
287 was causing some confusing and unexpected behavior.
288 * Added klogd to syslogd, so now the log will contain both system and
290 * syslogd now creates the /dev/log socket to make sure it is there, and
291 is actually a socket with the right permissions.
292 * I've taken a first step to making busybox not need the /proc
293 filesystem. Most apps don't need it. Those that _require_ it,
294 will complain if you enable them when you disable
295 BB_FEATURE_USE_PROCFS.
297 -Erik Andersen, Dec 5, 1999
300 * Wrote a micro syslogd, and a logger util (to log things to the syslog
301 from the command line or scripts) With both compiled in, costs 4k.
302 * Fixed 'make install' so symlinks are installed in their proper
303 * locations. Changed the build system slightly so that features can
305 or disabled from the busybox.defs.h header file, without trying to
306 compile in a source file named after that featue (unless that file
308 * Several options are now moved into busybox.defs.h Now 'rm -R' and 'rm
309 * -r' both work. dd now properly handles input beyond 1 block from
310 * stdin. Fixed a bug where tar unpacked everything a directories.
312 from createPath into mkdir where it belonged, thereby making tar
314 * Fixed an off-by-one bug in cat. Given a list of file it wouldn't cat
316 last file in the list.
317 * Fixed 'ls -ln' so numeric group/uid are presented properly, and fixed
319 so when uid/gid is not in /etc/{passwd,group} the numeric group/uid
320 are presented properly.
324 -Erik Andersen, Nov 25, 1999
327 * fixed dd so it properly defaults to stdin and stdout when no
328 if= and of= are set (fix thanks to Eric Delaunay).
329 * Don't try to close the file descriptor of a pipein tar. (fix also
332 * Made createPath be quiet (again thanks to Eric Delaunay). If
333 * BB_CONSOLE_CMD_IF_RC_SCRIPT_EXITS is defined, then whatever
334 command you define it as will be run if the init script exits.
335 * Updated install.sh to make it more robust (thanks to Adam Di Carlo)
336 * NFS support added to mount by Eric Delaunay. It costs 10k when
338 in, but that is still a big win for those that use NFS.
339 * Made 'rm -f' be silent for non-existant files (thanks to Eric
340 * Delaunay). changed zcat.c to gunzip.c. It now obeys the principle
342 and acts as god intended gunzip and zcat to act. They answer
343 --help and obey the '-c' flag.
344 * Fixed a bug in mv which caused it to not move files when the
347 * Fixed a decimal-instead-of-octal bug causing mkdir to make
349 with very wrong permissions.
350 * chmod would overwrite file permissions instead of modifying them.
351 Now it properly modifies permissions.
352 * Init now sends warnings destined for the console to /dev/console to
354 they show up on whatever the active console it. Otherwise
355 important messages (for example that the system is rebooting) were
356 not seen when switched to a different VT.
358 -Erik Andersen, Nov 17, 1999
361 * gzip now obeys the principle of least surprise and acts like god
363 (i.e. it accepts a file name, answers --help, and obeys the '-c'
364 flag and only then outputs to stdout).
365 * Fixed more.c to compile autowidth on sparc and set initial winsize
366 to 0,0 in case the TIOCGWINSZ ioctl fails. Fix thanks to Eric
368 * Fixed tar so it now works as expected (it had TRUE/FALSE backwards)
369 * tar now accepts --help chmod, chown, and chgrp usage now works
370 * General usage (i.e. --help) cleanups for most apps umount now parses
371 * options correctly tar can now unpack tarballs containing device
373 sockets, and fifos (though it can't pack them up) thanks to Matt
374 Porter. Creating archives containing these is still left to the
376 * fixed up the license in more.c to properly point to Bruce Perens.
378 -Erik Andersen, Nov 11, 1999
381 * ls -l now displays link names outside the current directory,
382 Patch thanks to Eric Delaunay
383 * init now properly handles sparc serial consoles and does a
384 better job of finding the real console device rather than using
385 /dev/console which doesn't support job control. Patch also thanks
387 * more started to read from stdin after the last file was finished, and
388 options were not parsed correctly (fix thanks to Eric Delaunay).
389 * more will now use the terminal size if BB_FEATURE_AUTOWIDTH is on.
390 * rm wouldn't remove a symlink unless the symlink was valid. This was
391 a side effect of the busybox 0.32 recursiveAction() fix. Things
392 should now work correctly.
393 * grep wouldn't grep stdin. Now it does. sed wouldn't sed stdin. Now
394 * it does. sed was appending a \n to the end of lines with
396 Now it doesn't do that.
397 * ls -l now bypasses libc6 nss when displaying user/group names.
398 Now uses my_getpwuid and my_getgrgid.
400 -Erik Andersen, Nov 8, 1999
403 * Fixed a bug where init could hang instead of rebooting.
404 * Removed some debugging noise from init.c
405 * Fixed ln so it works now (it was very broken).
406 * Fixed df so it won't segfault when there is no /etc/fstab,
407 * If BB_MTAB is not defined, df and mount will whine if /etc/fstab
408 is not installed (since they cannot fixup "/dev/root" to
409 state the real root device name)
410 * merged some redundant code from mtab.c/df.c into utility.c
412 -Erik Andersen, Nov 5, 1999
415 * More changes -- many thanks to Lineo for paying me to work on
416 busybox. If you have any problems please let me know ASAP at
417 andersen@lineo.com or andersee@debian.org
418 * usage() now prints the BusyBox version. This will help folks
419 realize that they are not in Kansas anymore.
420 * Fixed mkdir -m option so that it works. kill segfaulted w/o any
421 * arguments. Now it doesn't do that. kill wasn't properly accepting
422 * signal names. It does now. Added new apps chvt and deallocvt (I
423 * should probably add open) Major rewrite of init.c. Code is now
424 * readable by mere mortals IMHO. Wrote sed -- weighs only 1.8k (5.8k
425 * with full regular expressions!). Fixed a stupid seg-fault in sync
426 * Fixed mount -- mount -a failed to parse and apply mount options Fixed
427 * umount -n (patch thanks to Matthew Grant <grantma@anathoth.gen.nz>)
428 * umount -a no longer umounts /proc Added BB_MTAB, allowing (at the
429 * cost of ~1.5k and the need for a rw /etc)
430 folks to use a real /etc/mtab file instead of a symlink to
431 /proc/mounts. mount, and umount will add/remove entries and df
432 will now use /etc/mtab if BB_MTAB is defined.
433 * Fixed a nice bug in recursiveAction() which caused it to infinitely
434 hunt through /proc/../fd/* creating new file descriptors if it
435 followed the /dev/fd link over to /proc. recursiveAction() now
436 lstat's the file when followLinks==FALSE so it won't follow links
437 as the name suggests. Fix thanks to Matt Porter
441 -Erik Andersen, Nov 4, 1999
444 * I added a changelog for version 0.30. adjusted find internals to
445 * make it smaller, and removed
447 * Fixed a segfault in ps when /etc/passwd or /etc/group
448 are absent. Now will warn you and carry on.
449 * Added in optional _real_ regular expression support (to be
450 the basis for a future sed utility). When compiled in it adds
451 3.9k, but makes grep much more capable.
452 * Checked out using nftw(3) for recursive stuff, but unfortunatly
453 it wasn't supported before GNU libc 2.1, and some folks use glibc
454 2.0.7 since it is much smaller than that latest and greatest.
456 -Erik Andersen, Oct 21, 1999
459 Major changes -- lots of stuff rewritten. Many thanks to Lineo for
460 paying me to make these updates. If you have any problems with busybox,
461 or notice any bugs -- please let me know so I can fix it. These
465 * busybox can now invoke apps in two ways: via symlinks to the
466 busybox binary, and as 'busybox [function] [arguments]...'
467 * When invoked as busybox, the list of currently compiled in
468 functions is printed out (no this is not bloat -- the list has
469 to be there anyway to map invocation name to function).
470 * busybox no longer parses command lines for apps or displays their
471 usage info. Each app gets to handle (or not handle) this for
473 * Eliminated monadic, dyadic, descend, block_device, and
474 postprocess. It was cumbersome to have so many programs
475 cobbled together in this way. Without them, the app is much
477 * All shared code now lives in utility.c, and is properly
478 ifdef'ed to be only included for those apps requiring it.
479 * Eliminated struct FileInfo (the basis of monadic, dyadic, etc)
480 so now each app has the function prototype of (da-dum): extern
481 int foo_main(int argc, char** argv); which speeds integration
483 * Adjusted the Makefile to make it easier to
484 {en|dis}able debugging.
485 * Changed default compiler optimization to -Os
486 (optimize for smaller binaries).
489 * To cope with the new app function prototype and the removal of
490 monadic, dyadic, etc, the following apps were re-written:
491 * cat - Works same as always. chgrp, chmod, chown -
492 * rewrite. Combined into a single
493 source file. Absorbed patches from Enrique Zanardi
494 <ezanard@debian.org> that removes the dependency on
495 libc6 libnss* libraries.
496 * cp - Can now do 'cp -a' can can copy devices,
497 pipes, symlinks, as well as recursive or non-recursive
499 * fdflush - adjusted to remove dependancy on struct
500 * FileInfo. find - Now includes some basic regexp matching
501 which will be the basic of a future mini-sed.
502 * ln - Same functionality. mkdir - Added -p flag to
503 * feature set. mv - rewrite. rm - Added -f flag to
504 * feature set. rmdir - Same functionality. swapon,
505 * swapoff - Combined into a single binary. No longer
506 uses /etc/swaps. swap{on|off} -a uses /etc/fstab
508 * touch - Same functionality. date - adjusted with a patch
509 * from Matthew Grant <grantma@anathoth.gen.nz>
510 to accomodate glibc timezone support. I then ripped out GNU
512 * mkswap -- new version merged from util-linux. Can now make
514 * Replaced the old and star, unstar, and tarcat with the tar
515 implementation from sash. Now tar behaves as god intended it
516 to (i.e. tar -xvf <file> and tar -cf <file> <dir> work).
517 * dd -- rewritten. Can with with files, stdin, stdout. Added the
518 * following new apps: loadfont -- added from debian boot floppies
519 * chroot -- added based on a patch from Paolo Molaro
520 * <lupus@lettere.unipd.it> grep -- I just wrote it. Only matches
521 * simple strings ps -- I just wrote it. Has _no_ options at all,
522 * but works. fsck_minix, mkfs_minix -- added from util-linux, but
524 internationalization and such to make them smaller.
525 * sfdisk -- Added from util-linux (minus
526 * internationalization and such). Probably some other
527 * changes that I forgot to document...
529 -Erik Andersen, Oct 20, 1999
532 This version was a messy pre-alpha. stay away or it will bite you.
533 -Erik Andersen, Sep 24, 1999
536 mini-netcat (mnc) rewritten.
539 Mount now supports -a, and -t auto.
540 Mount now updates mtab correctly for 'ro'.
541 More checks screen rows size, outputs bytes percentage.
542 Printf added as module.
544 Touch now creates files. -c option for no create.